2022版高考英语Unit15Learning夯练含解析北师大版必修5

Unit15Learning李仕才一、阅读理解。GermanartistHASchultisanunusualartistwhousestrash(废物)tomakesculptures.“Wearelivinginthetimeofgarbage，”saysSchult.“Icreatedathousandsculpturesofgarbage.Theyareamirrorofourselves.”Here，Schultwastalkingabouthis1,000trashsculpturesintheformofhumans.Hefirstexhibitedthemin1996inthewesternGermanstateofNorthRhineWestphalia.“Theyaresocialsculptures，”heexplains.“Theyarenotonlysculpturesfortheeyes.Theyaresculpturestospreadtheideathatweliveinatimeofgarbage.”Sofar，Schult'ssocialsculptureshavebeenonshowinParis，inMoscow'sRedSquare，ontheGreatWallofChina，andinthedesertnexttothePyramidsofGizanearCairo.HASchult'sworkisunforgettable.Althoughhisworkhashadabiginfluenceontheartworld，Schultremainsmodestabouthiscreations：“Artistshavetolearneverytime.Wearenotimportant.Allthatcountsisthetimeinwhichweareliving.”Trasharthasbeenaroundforyears.Butitseemsthatonlythepopularartistsareregardedastrueartistswhenworkingwithtrash.Whycan'tcommonpeoplebeconsideredartistswhentheyusethesamethingsandchangethemintosomeformofpersonalart？Maybeit'sbecauseweallhaveourownpresetideasofwhatartisandisn't，orwhomartistsareorshouldbe.YoucanbeanartistlikeSchultifyoutry.Lookatusedmetalcans.Whatmightbedonewiththem？Imaginetheminanynumberofnewuses，orimaginethemsimplyasanartform.Whataboutboxesorclothing?Boxescanusuallyserveasnewstoragecontainersandhousesforpets.Andclothing？Imaginetakingoldclothesandturningthemintohatsorhangingorganizers.1．WhatdoweknowaboutSchult'ssculptures?A．Theyservedasgarbagecontainers.B．Theyreflectedenvironmentalissues.C．TheywerefirstshowninParis，France.D．Theyweretoraiseeconomicawareness.2．HASchult'sartisticworksalsogetthemessageacrossthatanartistmust________.A．besociallyresponsible7\nB．beasmodestaspossibleC．makegarbagerecyclableD．takediverseartisticforms3．Accordingtothelast2paragraphs，theauthorprobablyagreesthat________.A．ittakestalenttobeatrashartistB．presetideasareimportanttoartistsC．trashartcan'tbeseenasarealartformD．averagepeoplecanalsomaketrashartists4．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．CouldYouBeaTrashArtist?B．WhatAreSocialSculptures?C．DoYouKnowaboutTrashArt?D．HowCanWeDealwithUsedCans?【解题导语】本文主要讲述了一位德国艺术家利用垃圾创造艺术作品的故事，并以此鼓励读者行动起来，为环保出一份力。【难句分析】Allthatcountsisthetimeinwhichweareliving.分析：本句是一个复合句。that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词All；inwhich＝where，引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，修饰先行词thetime。译文：重要的是我们所生活的时代。1．B　考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Theyaresculpturestospreadtheideathatweliveinatimeofgarbage”可知，Schult的作品反映了环境问题，故选B。A项错在Schult的作品是用来当垃圾桶的，这一信息文章并未提及；C项错在Schult的作品首次是在法国巴黎展出，这与第一段最后一句“Hefirstexhibitedthemin1996inthewesternGermanstateofNorthRhineWestphalia”不符；D项错在Schult的作品是为了提高人们的经济意识，这与其环保思想相悖，故排除。2．A　考查推理判断。根据第三段最后一句“Allthatcountsisthetimeinwhichweareliving”和第二段的整体内容可推知，Schult的作品同样传递了这样一个思想，即艺术家除了自己的艺术追求之外，也应该有社会责任感，故选A。3．D　考查推理判断。根据最后一段第一句“YoucanbeanartistlikeSchultifyoutry”可推知，作者认为普通人也可以利用周围的废物或者垃圾而成为一位艺术家，故选D。4．A　考查标题判断。文章最后一段第一句“YoucanbeanartistlikeSchultifyou7\ntry”点题，再结合全文内容可推知，本文主要通过讲述一位艺术家利用垃圾创造艺术作品的故事，激励人们行动起来，为环保作贡献，人人都可以成为一位艺术家，故A项最适合做文章标题。二、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2022·吉林省部分学校高三一模)Theimportantthinginlifeistohaveagreatgoalandthedeterminationtoattainit.Livingwithoutagoalislike61.____________(sail)withoutacompass.Lackofpurposesisthecauseofmostof62.____________(failure)．Whenagreataimhasbeendecidedon,determinationandpersistencearemostimportant.Whatseparatesthesuccessfulfromtheunsuccessfulispersistence.Thepersistenceis63.____________(necessity)．Ifyouarepersistent,youwillsucceed.WhenLudwigvanBeethoven64.____________(reach)hispeak,hewastotallydeaf.Ifyoustudyhisbiography,andbecomefamiliar65.____________histrials,hishardships,andbattles,youcanlearn66.____________todefeatfate.Manyorganizationalanalystsandcareerconsultantsconsiderpersistence67.____________(be)theultimate(首要的)keytosuccessatboth68.____________organizationalandpersonallevel.Successfulpeoplealsofail69.____________(occasional),buttheydonotletitdefeattheirspirit.Learningfromdefeats,theyrevisestrategyasit70.____________(need)andtryagain,andagain,andagain,untiltheysucceed.【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文，讲述了一个人要成功应具备的素质——坚定的目标，实现目标的决心以及坚持不懈。61．sailing　解析：考查非谓语动词。没有目标的生活就像是没有指南针的航行。like在此是介词，故应用动词的－ing形式作宾语。62．failures　解析：考查名词单复数。缺少目标是大部分人失败的原因。failure在此指“失败的事”，是可数名词，且空前没有冠词或限定词，故使用复数形式。63．necessary　解析：考查词性转换。这种坚持是必要的。空处在此作表语，故用形容词。necessary意为“必要的”。64．reached　解析：考查时态。当路德维希·凡·贝多芬到达他人生的顶峰时，他完全听不见。主从句动作同时发生，根据主句中的“was”可知，从句应用一般过去时。65．with　解析：考查介词。此处指“如果你研究过他的自传，熟悉他经历过的磨难、困苦和战斗，你就会学会怎样战胜命运”。be/get/becomefamiliarwithsth.是固定用法，意为“熟悉某事”。66．how　解析：考查疑问词。此处指“你就会学会怎样战胜命运”，故用how“怎样”。7\n67．tobe　解析：考查非谓语动词。considersth.tobesth.是固定用法，意为“认为……是……”。68．the　解析：考查冠词。此处指“组织水平和个人水平”，表示特指，故用定冠词the。69．occasionally　解析：考查副词。成功的人偶尔也会失败。此处应用副词修饰动词。occasionally意为“偶尔，间或”。70．isneeded　解析：考查时态和语态。it与need之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。这里叙述的是现在的一般情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态。三、短文改错。假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2022·河北“五个一名校联盟”高三质检)Afterschool,IwasabouttoenterintomyapartmentwhenIsawalittledirtydogliebesidethedustbin.Helookedextremelyweak.Immediatelythehomelessdogfilledmeofsympathy.SoIdecidedtotakehimhome.Igavehimsomefoodandabath.Afterthebathhelookedenergyandrefreshed.Whatalovelydog!Whenmyparentsgothome,IaskedthatIcouldkeepthedog.Tomysurprisedandjoy,theyagreed.Uptonow,hehasbecomememberofourfamilyandeveryonehadenjoyedhiscompany.Lookedatthecuteandhappydogtoday,IrealizethatIwasrighttohelphim.Iofferedhimashelterandhebroughtourselvesgreathappinessandlaughter.答案：Afterschool,IwasabouttoentermyapartmentwhenIsawalittledirtydogbesidethedustbin.Helookedextremelyweak.Immediatelythehomelessdogfilledmesympathy.SoIdecidedtotakehimhome.Igavehimsomefoodandabath.Afterthebathhelookedandrefreshed.Whatalovelydog!7\nWhenmyparentsgothome,IaskedIcouldkeepthedog.Tomyandjoy,theyagreed.Uptonow,hehasbecomememberofourfamilyandeveryoneenjoyedhiscompany.atthecuteandhappydogtoday,IrealizethatIwasrighttohelphim.Iofferedhimashelterandhebroughtgreathappinessandlaughter.四、七选五。根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoCommunicatewithaDeafPersonCommunicatingwithadeafpersondoesn’thavetobeasdifficultasitmightseem.Thetrickistobepatient,straightforward,andtorememberthatdeafpeoplecommunicatevisually.Afteryouknowit,you’llforgetyouwereeverworried!Method1:StartingYourConversation　1　Youcandothisbymovingintotheperson’sfieldofvisionandwavingfromapolitedistance,orbytappingthepersongentlyontheshoulder.Ifit’sarealemergency,youcanalsoturnthelightsoffandonquickly.Positionyourselfcarefully.Makesurethatthelightintheroomisshiningdirectlyontoyourface,andthatyou’renotstandingwithyourbacktoalight.　2　 Findouthowthepersonpreferstocommunicate.Somedeafpeoplearebetterlip-readersthanothers.Somedeafpeoplemayprefertowritebackandforthortouseaninterpreter.Maninteractionsbetweenthedeafandthehearingrequireacombinationofthesemethods.　3　 Method2:CommunicatingthroughLip-readingKeepyoursentencessimpleanduseplainlanguages.　4　Themorecomplexyourphrasingandvocabularyare,themorelikelyyourdeafcompanionistomisssomething.Trytoavoidusingslangorexpressionsthataren’twidelyknown.Whensomeoneelseisspeaking,don’tturnawayfromthedeafpersoninyourgroup.　5　Youdon’thavetolookatthedeafpersonwhilesomeoneelseistalking,buttrytomakesure7\nyourfaceisvisible.A.Gettheperson’sattention.B.It’simportantnottotalktooquickly.C.Orthey’llmisspartsoftheconversation.D.Ifso,it’llmakethemfeelleftoutoftheconversation.E.Standdirectlyinfrontoftheperson,atanormaldistance.F.Thebestwaytoknowwhichmethodsaremosteffectiveistoask.G.Trynottobetoodifficultwhenusingyourwordsinthebeginning.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了如何和失聪的人交流。1.【解析】选A。下文提到的进入某人的视野范围、礼貌地挥手、轻拍某人肩膀都是引起对方注意的方式。故选A项。2.【解析】选E。由该段中“Positionyourselfcarefully”可知,该段主要建议我们要认真确定自己的位置。选项中和“position”有关的选项只有E选项。3.【解析】选F。由该段中“Findouthowthepersonpreferstocommunicate”可知,该段建议我们要弄清楚对方喜欢哪种交流方式。承接该话题,F选项切题:想知道哪种办法最有效,最好的方式就是问一问。该选项和上一句中的“methods”呼应。4.【解析】选G。上一句提到Keepyoursentencessimpleanduseplainlanguages尽量使你的句子简单,使用简单的语言。承接该句,G选项切题:在一开始,尽量不要使用太难的词。5.【解析】选D。上一句提到Whensomeoneelseisspeaking,don’tturnawayfromthedeafpersoninyourgroup.承接该句,D选项切题:如果这样的话,会使得他们感到被排除在了谈话之外。五、书面表达(2022·湖北八校高三联考)假定你是李华，你校刚刚举行了教学开放周活动，你的英国网友Tom对此很好奇，写邮件向你了解基本情况。请你给他回一封邮件，要点如下：1．活动时间：4月17日至21日；2．活动目的：让家长了解学生的在校生活，促进学校与家长之间的沟通；3．活动内容：开放课堂，举行主题班会，邀请家长讲话；4．自己的体会。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；7\n3．开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总词数。DearTom，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourstruly，LiHuaOnepossibleversion：Dear__Tom,__I’mhappythatyou’recuriousabouttheEducationWeekheldinourschoolrecentlyandgladtogiveyouabriefdescriptionofit.Inordertoshowparentsthecolorfulschoollifeoftheirchildrenandpromotetheschool’scommunicationwithparents，anEducationWeekwasheldonApril17through21.Duringtheweekallclasseswereopentoparents.Italsoincludedthemeclassmeetingswherestudentswereproudtoshowofftheirtalents.Besides，parentswerewelcomedtogiveadviceonhowtomakeourschoolbetterandsharetheirexperienceinbringingupchildren.TheEducationWeekwasagreatsuccessandweaswellasourparentshavebenefitedalotfromit.Yours__truly,__Li__Hua7