2022版高考英语Unit9Wheels夯练含解析北师大版必修3

Unit9Wheels李仕才一、IfyouhaveachancetogotoFinland，youwillprobablybesurprisedtofindhow“foolish”theFinnishpeopleare.Takethetaxidriversforexample.TaxisinFinlandaremostlyhighclassBenzwithafareoftwoUSdollarsakilometer.Youcangoanywhereinone，tellthedrivertodropyouatanyplace，saythatyouhavesomebusinesstoattendto，andthenwalkoffwithoutpayingyourfare.Thedriverwouldnotshowtheleastsignsofanxiety.Thediningroomsinallbighotelsnotonlyservetheirguests，butalsoserveoutsidediners.Hotelguestshavetheirmealsfree，sotheynaturallygotothefreediningroomstohavetheirmeals.Themosttheywoulddotoshowtheirgoodfaithistowavetheirregistrationcardstothewaiter.Withsuchaloosecheck，youcaneasilyuseanyoldregistrationcardtotakeacoupleoffriendstodinefreeofcharge.TheFinnishworkersarepaidbythehour.Theyareverymuchontheirownassoonastheyhaveagreedwiththebossattherate.Fromthenontheyjustsayhowmanyhourstheyhaveworkedandtheywillbepaidaccordingly.Withsomanyloopholes(漏洞)ineverydaylife,surelyFinlandmustbeaheaventothosewholovetotake“petty_advantages”．Butthestrangethingisthatallthetaxipassengerswouldalwayscomebacktopaytheirfaresaftertheyhaveattendedtotheirbusinessandthatnotasingleoutsiderhaseverbeenfoundinthefreehoteldiningrooms.Andworkersalwaysgiveanhonestaccountoftheexacthourstheyputin.AstheFinnsalwaysactongoodfaithineverythingtheydo，livinginsuchasocietyhasturnedeveryoneintoareal“gentleman”．1．TheunderlinedwordsinParagraph5meansto“________”．A．bereadytohelpothersB．makegooduseofone'sfriendsC．bealittleaheadofothersD．gainsomethingatother'sexpense2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．WhiletakingataxiinFinland，youcangetoffwithoutfirstpayingyourfare.B．InabighotelinFinland,youcanenjoyfreemealsifyou'relivinginthehotel.C．ThebossesinFinlandpaytheemployeesaccordingtotheregistrationoftheir8\nworkinghours.D．Theworkersarealwayshonestwiththeirworkinghours.3．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A．theFinnishsocietyisofveryhighmoral(道德的)levelB．therearemanyloopholesineverydaylifeinFinlandC．inFinland，mosttaxidriverswillnotchargeyouanythingD．everyoneinFinlandislikeagentleman，fortheyhavefaithinthemselves4．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．LifeinFinlandB．ASocietywith“Foolish”PeopleC．WhataLifeD．HonestaccountsoftheFinns【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要通过一些例子，介绍了芬兰人的诚实，并且诚实让他们成为真正的“绅士”。【难句分析】Youcangoanywhereinone，tellthedrivertodropyouatanyplace，saythatyouhavesomebusinesstoattendto，andthenwalkoffwithoutpayingyourfare.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中thatyouhavesomebusinesstoattendto为that引导的宾语从句，作say的宾语。译文：你可以乘一辆出租车去任何地方，告诉司机让你在任何地方下车，告诉(司机)你有一些事情要处理，然后不付车费就可以离开。1．D　考查词义猜测。根据第五段第一句“Withsomanyloopholes(漏洞)ineverydaylife，surelyFinlandmustbeaheaventothosewholovetotake‘petty_advantages’”可知，在日常生活中芬兰出现了很多的“漏洞”。结合上文内容可知，在芬兰，如果你告诉出租车司机你有一些事要处理，你不付车费就可以离开；在宾馆用旧的登记卡就可以享受免费大餐；工人只要告诉老板自己工作的时长就可以得到相应的工资，这些就是“漏洞”。由此可知，芬兰确实是那些爱贪小便宜的人的天堂，画线词意为“小便宜”，故D项正确。2．C　考查细节理解。根据第四段的内容，尤其是第三句“Fromthenontheyjustsayhowmanyhourstheyhaveworkedandtheywillbepaidaccordingly”可知，老板是根据工人自己所说的工作时长给工人支付工资的，而不是根据登记的时长，所以C项与文意不符，故选C项。根据第五段第二句可知，你可以先下车离开，等处理完事情后再付车费，故A项与文意相符；根据第三段最后两句可知，如果你在芬兰大宾馆入住，你可以凭登记卡享受免费大餐，故B项与文意相符；根据最后一段倒数第二句“Andworkersalwaysgiveanhonestaccountoftheexacthourstheyput8\nin”可知，芬兰工人总是诚实地汇报自己实际的工作时长，故D项与文意相符。3．A　考查推理判断。根据最后一段最后一句，并结合全文内容可知，在芬兰，乘出租车的乘客可以先下车离开，等处理完事情后再付车费；没有在宾馆登记入住的人并不会去宾馆享受免费大餐；工人可以按照自己报的工作时长向老板索要工资。因为芬兰人总是诚实地做每一件事，生活在这样一个社会里，每个人都变成了一个真正的“绅士”。据此可以判断，芬兰社会有着很高的道德水平，故A项正确。根据第五段第一句可知，在日常生活中，芬兰社会有很多可以让贪小便宜的人钻的“漏洞”，这是文章所叙述的事实，而不是推论出来的内容，故B项不符合题意；根据第五段第二句可知，乘客会在办完事后支付车费，故C项错误；根据文章最后一句可知，芬兰人总是诚实地做一切事情，故他们都像绅士，并不是说芬兰人信任自己，故D项错误。4．B　考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，文章先通过人们认为芬兰人很“愚蠢”引出本文话题，接着举例介绍了芬兰人“愚蠢”的情况，最后点明主旨，即芬兰是一个道德水平很高的国家，人们的诚实让他们都成为绅士。据此可以判断，B项最适合做文章标题。阅读理解。二、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2022·厦门质量检测)China’smostfamouswallmayhavebeenbuilttokeeppeopleaway,butanewkindofwallisbringingpeoplealot61.____________(close)together.OnJanuary29，hooksandhangersappearedonthesideofaQingdaobuildingunderthewords：“Ifyouneedit,takeit.”This“wallof62.____________(kind)”，thecreationoflocalcharityChuangyiWorkshop,63.____________(invite)passersbytoleavetheirsparewarmclothesandencouragesthose64.____________areinneedtotakethem.“Itisjustlikewhatyoudoathome.Youhangyourclotheswhenyougethome.Youtakethemdown65.____________putthemonwhenyougoout，”saidWangLei，directorofChuangyiWorkshop.66.____________(inspire)byasimilarplaninIran,sheputitintopracticeinChinaasthecountryexperienced67.____________(it)coldestwinterindecades.Wangandhercolleaguesreceivelotsofclothesfrompeople，especiallyinwinter.She68.____________(touch)bypeople’sgenerosity.“Someoftheclothingisalmostnew.Idon’tevenhavetowashmyhands69.____________sortingit.”ManysuchwallshavealsoappearedinseveralotherChinese70.____________(city)．Thissimplewayofhelpingpeopleisnowmakingabigdifferenceto8\nsociety.【解题导语】　本文讲述了青岛一座建筑物墙上的一条标语“如果你需要它，就拿走它。”这其实是通过向人们收集闲置的衣物来帮助有困难的人御寒过冬的，这也体现出了人性的善良和仁慈。61．closer　解析：考查形容词比较级。这里表示一种新的墙正在将人们的距离拉得更近，此处alot修饰比较级，故应填closer。62．kindness　解析：考查词性转换。介词of之后应填名词作宾语，这里指“这面善良之墙”，故应填kindness。63．invites　解析：考查主谓一致及时态。本文描述的都是目前的状况，而且主语为单数，因此动词应用一般现在时态的第三人称单数形式，故应填invites。64．who　解析：考查定语从句引导词。这里“those”为先行词，指人，在从句中作主语，所以用who来引导。65．and　解析：考查连词。“takethemdown”与“putthemon”为并列关系，同时作谓语，故应填表示并列关系的连词and。66．Inspired　解析：考查非谓语动词。这里作原因状语，且inspire与句子的主语she之间为被动关系，故应填过去分词形式inspired，注意首字母大写。67．its　解析：考查形容词性物主代词。这里修饰空后的名词winter，应用形容词性物主代词its。68．istouched　解析：考查动词时态和语态。句子缺少谓语部分，主语“She”与动词“touch”之间为被动关系，结合上下文时态可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故应填istouched。69．after　解析：考查连词。这里表示在分类之后作者甚至不需要洗手，强调动作的先后顺序，应填连词after。70．cities　解析：考查名词的数。根据前面的修饰词“severalother”可知，应填名词的复数形式。三、短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；　　2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2022·贵州适应性测试)Oneday，Jackinvitessomefriendstohishomefor8\ndinner.Whennoneofhisfriendsarrived，heaskedthemtosittingatthetable.Hebegantocountforthepeopleinhismindwhiletheyhavingthedeliciousfood.Suddenly，hecriedout：“Oh,theyare13peoplehere！”Everybody’sfaceturnedwhiteexceptMrBrown.Hesaidslowlywiththesmileonhisface：“Don’tbeworry,dearfriends!Wehave14peoplehere.Mywifewillhaveababyinafewweeks.She’sinthefamilynow.”Allofthembecamehappyagain.“Congratulations！”WesaidtoMrandMrsBrown.Theyallhadawonderfullytimethatevening.答案：Oneday，Jacksomefriendstohishomefordinner.Whenofhisfriendsarrived，heaskedthemtoatthetable.Hebegantocountthepeopleinhismindwhiletheyhavingthedeliciousfood.Suddenly，hecriedout：“Oh,are13peoplehere！”Everybody’sfaceturnedwhiteexceptMrBrown.Hesaidslowlywithsmileonhisface：“Don’t/，dearfriends!Wehave14peoplehere.Mywifewillhaveababyinafewweeks.She’sinthefamilynow.”Allofthembecamehappyagain.“Congratulations！”saidtoMrandMrsBrown.Theyallhadatimethatevening.四、七选五。TraditionalChineseCultureChinesecultureisover5，000yearsold.1.___________ThespiritoftheteaceremonyXihuLongjing（WestLakeDragonWell）andYunnanPu’erhavelongbeenworldfamous.2.___________ThespiritoftheChineseteaceremonycapturestheChineseattitudetowardslifeandspirituality.Thesearethethingsthatpeopleallovertheworldcanbenefitfrom.Ahandfulofgoodtealeaveswithsomeboilingwaterandasetoflovelyteawarearetheperfectwaytospendasunnyafternoonandgainsomeinsightsintothewisdomofthatancientcivilization.3.___________Duringthe5，000yearsofChinesecivilization，manydifferentflavors，styles，8\nandcuisines（烹饪）havedeveloped，basedontraditionalphilosophyandculture.ThisancientfoodculturehashadadirectimpactonthecountriessuchasJapan，Mongolia，SouthKorea，Thailand，andSingapore.IthasbenefitedbillionsofpeoplearoundtheworldthroughinnovationssuchasChinesevegetarianculture，teaculture，vinegar，pasta，medicinaldiets，ceramictableware，andtheuseofsoybeansinthediet.ConfucianismConfucianismemphasizespeacefulnessandharmonybetweenheavenandhumanity，throughpursuingthe“Tao”，whichistheharmonizationbetweennatureandmankind.Itadvocatesharmonyandmoderation，includingtheharmonybetweenindividuals，aswellastheharmonybetweenamanandhisinnerself.Confucianismhasflourishedduringthelast2，500yearsofChina’s5，000yearhistory.4.___________ThisschoolofthoughthashadthemostprofoundandlonglastinginfluenceinChina’shistory.SeventyfourNobelPrizewinnersandmanyotherhighlyrespectedscholarshavestatedthatforthebenefitofmankind’slivelihoodanddevelopmentintothenextcentury，theseteachingsshouldbepromotedandadoptedworldwide.5.___________A.ChinesecuisineB.TraditionalChinesecultureC.Ithasbeenthemainstayofthatancientcivilization.D.Theyareprettypopularduetotheirsuperiorcolorandflavor.E.ThefollowingthreeitemsoftraditionalChineseculturehavehadaworldwideimpact.F.ThiswonderfullyrichfoodculturehasalsohadanimpactonEurope，AmericaandOceania.G.Thiswouldprovidelonglastingbenefitsforman，helpingtoensureapeacefulandhappylife.【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了中国特色传统文化。1.E　解析：承接上文“Chinesecultureisover5，000yearsold.”并与下文介绍的三个传统文化的代表呼应，此处起承上启下的作用，导入本文所要介绍的主题：中国富有特色的传统文化。所以选E项。2.D　解析：承接上文“XihuLongjing（WestLakeDragonWell）andYunnanPu’erhavelongbeenworldfamous.”，空处解释了茶文化流行的原因，所以选D项。3.A　解析：空处是本段的小标题，由下文的“Duringthe5，000yearsofChinese8\ncivilization，manydifferentflavors，styles，andcuisines（烹饪）havedeveloped，basedontraditionalphilosophyandculture.”可推知，本段主要讲的是中国的烹饪文化，所以选A项。4.C　解析：根据上文的“Confucianismhasflourishedduringthelast2，500yearsofChina’s5，000yearhistory.”可推知，空处讲的是儒家思想在中国的重要地位，故选C项。5.G　解析：根据上文的“SeventyfourNobelPrizewinnersandmanyotherhighlyrespectedscholarshavestatedthatforthebenefitofmankind’slivelihoodanddevelopmentintothenextcentury”可知，儒家思想会给人类带来福祉，所以选G项。五、书面表达(2022·太原一模)假如你叫Mary，晚上要去参加你班同学的生日聚会。请你编一条微信发送给你的妈妈，详细告知以下内容：1．晚饭已做好；2．已帮她签收快递；3．邻居赵阿姨来电约她晚饭后去公园散步。参考词汇：快递员deliveryman；快递expressparcel注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。DearMom，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Love，MaryOnepossibleversion：Dear_Mom，I’mattendingthebirthdaypartyofmyclassmatethisevening，asyouknow.Beforeleaving,Ihavesomethingtoletyouknow.Yourexpressparcelarrivedatfourthisafternoon,whichisrightonthesofainthelivingroom.Besides,I’vepreparedyourfavoriteporridgeforsupper.Ten8\nminutesago,ournextdoorneighborAuntZhaocalledtoinviteyoutogoforawalkwithherintheparkaftersupper.Isuggestyouwalkabit,foritwilldoyougood.Enjoyyourdinnerandhavefuninthepark!I’llbebackbefore10p．m.Love，Mary8