2022版高考英语Unit1Lifestyles夯练含解析北师大版必修1

Unit1Lifestyles李仕才一、阅读理解。AmazingFactsAboutElfOwls   BriefIntroduction   Theelfowl(akindofowl)ismostlyfoundinthesouthwesternpartsoftheUnitedStatesandMexico.Duringthespringandsummerseasons,itmovestoArizonaandNewMexico.ItreturnstoMexicoforthewinter.Theelfowldoesn’tbuilditsnest.Itlivesintreeholes.   Features   Theelfowlisayellowbird.Itswingsaredarkandabout48-61centimeterslong.Itseyesarebrightyellow.Itsfeetarelarge.Itisthesmallestowlofthespecies.Itisabout12.5-14.5centimeterslong.Itisalsotheworld’slightestowl,weighingnotmorethan40grams.Ingeneral,femaleelfowlsweighmorethanmaleones.   Thefemaleusuallylaysthreeeggsatatime.Aftertheyoungelfowlsareborn,theirmotherwillfeedthemwithworms(蠕虫)forupto3-4weeks.After10weeks,theyoungonesarefullygrownandreadytotakeflight.   LivingHabits   Theelfowlsarenotaggressivebirds.Whendangercomes,theywillflyawayintheotherdirection,ratherthanstayingandfacingthedangerortheenemies.Besidesflying,theelfowlcanalsowalkandclimblikeaparrot.Theelfowlismostactiveafterdusk,duringthenight,andjustbeforedawn.Itcanproducemanydifferentkindsofsounds.Itcanlivefor3-6yearsinthewild.Iftheyarekeptincages,theycanlivefor10-14years.Theelfowlsarenowindangerbecauseofthelossofhabitat.Cuttingdowntreeswillresultinlackofplacesforthemtolivein.1.Accordingtothefirstandsecondparagraphs,anelfowlmay__________.A.builditsnestintreesB.haveyellow6\nwingsC.havebiganddarkeyesD.liveinMexicoinwinter2.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Thefemaleelfowltakescareofherchildrenforaboutfourweeks.B.Theelfowlsleepsatnightandlooksforfoodduringthedaytime.C.Thefemaleelfowllaysoneeggatonetime.D.Theelfowlcanlivenolongerthansixyears.3.Whatisthecharacteroftheelfowl?A.Shy.B.Peace-loving.C.Hard-working.D.Selfish.参考答案：1.D;2.A;3.B解析：本文对濒临灭绝的姬鹄的外貌及生活习性进行了详细的介绍。1.D细节理解题。根据“ItreturnstoMexicoforthewinter.”可知,姬鹄在冬天的时候可能会居住在墨西哥。2.A细节理解题。根据“Aftertheyoungelfowlsareborn,theirmotherwillfeedthemwithworms(蠕虫)forupto3-4weeks.”可知,雌姬鹄会照顾它们的幼鸟大约四个星期。3.B推理判断题。根据“Theelfowlsarenotaggressivebirds.”可知,姬鹄是一种爱好和平的鸟。二、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2022·潍坊模拟)A13yearstudyofearlychildhooddevelopment61.____________(make)byHarvardUniversityhasshownthat，bytheageofthree，mostchildrenhavethebigpotential62.____________(understand)about1，000words—mostofthelanguagetheywilluseinordinaryconversationfortherestoftheirlives.Furthermore，researchhasshownthatwhileeverychildisbornwithanaturalcuriosity，itcandecline63.____________(great)duringthesecondandthirdyearsoflife.Researcherssaythatthehumanpersonality64.____________(form)duringthefirsttwoyearsoflife，andduringthefirstthreeyearschildrenlearnthebasic6\nskillstheywilluseinalltheirlaterlearningbothathome65.____________atschool.66．____________isgenerallyacknowledgedthatyoungpeoplefrompoorersocioeconomicbackgroundstendtodolesswellinoureducationsystem.Asaresultoftheresearchevidenceofthe67.____________(important)ofthefirstthreeyearsofachild’slife，apilotprogramme68.____________focusedonparentsasthechild’sfirstteachersstartedintheUS.Astheprogrammeshows，workingwiththefamily，ratherthanbypassingtheparents，69.____________(be)themosteffectivewayof70.____________(help)childrengetofftothebestpossiblestartinlife.【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。多年的研究表明，小孩的个性是在两岁前形成的，在三岁前能学会基本的学习技能，且到三岁的时候绝大多数孩子能理解大约一千个单词；研究还表明，父母参与孩子的成长过程是帮助孩子在生活中有个好的开始的最有效的方法。61．made　解析：考查非谓语动词。本句真正的谓语是“hasshown”，故空格处应用make的非谓语动词形式；且该句的主语“study”与动词make之间为被动关系，故应填make的过去分词made。62．tounderstand　解析：考查非谓语动词。havethepotentialtodosth.意为“有潜力做某事”，动词不定式作宾补。故填tounderstand。63．greatly　解析：考查词性转换。空格处所填词修饰动词“decline”，故应用great的副词形式。故填greatly。64．isformed　解析：考查动词的时态和语态。从句的主语“humanpersonality”与form之间为被动关系，故应用动词的被动语态；且根据后半句谓语动词“learn”可知，此处应用一般现在时。故填isformed。65．and　解析：考查连词。both...and...意为“两者都……，既……又……”，为固定用法。故填and。66．It　解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，本句应用it作形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句。故填It。注意首字母大写。67．importance　解析：考查词性转换。theimportanceof...意为“……的重要性”，为固定用法。故填important的名词形式importance。68．that/which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知“________focusedonparentsasthechild’sfirstteachers”为定语从句，且该从句缺少主语，先行词为“programme”，指物。故填that/which。69．is　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。ratherthan连接两个主语时，谓语动词采取“就前原则”，在本句中，谓语动词应由“workingwiththefamily”来决定。动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数形式；且由“shows”时态可知，应用一般现在时。故填is。6\n70．helping　解析：考查非谓语动词。空格前为介词“of”，故应填v.ing形式。故填helping。三、短文改错。假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；　　2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2022·南昌一模)Everyoneofusarethinkingaboutthefuture.Ihavedecidedtobecomeamiddleschoolteacher.Doesitsoundsurprised?IhavehadthisdreamwhenIwasachild.Ilovechildren.Idon’tthinktodealwiththemallyearsroundisjustwastingtime.Onthecontrary，tomeitmeanshappiness.Likeweallcansee，teachersarebadlyneededinourcountry，andnotmanyofuswanttobecometeachers.Oneofthemainreasonsofthisisteachersworktoohardbutgettoolittle.Inspiteofthat，I’mdeterminingtodevoteallmylifeintothecauseofeducation.答案：Everyoneofusthinkingaboutthefuture.Ihavedecidedtobecomeamiddleschoolteacher.Doesitsound？IhadthisdreamwhenIwasachild.Ilovechildren.Idon’tthinktodealwiththemallroundisjustwastingtime.Onthecontrary，tomeitmeanshappiness.weallcansee，teachersarebadlyneededinourcountry，notmanyofuswanttobecometeachers.Oneofthemainreasonsthisisteachersworktoohardbutgettoolittle.Inspiteofthat，I’mtodevoteallmylifethecauseofeducation.四、七选五Allofusknowthatabalanceddietstrengthenstheimmunesystem.1..The6\nfollowingstrategieswillhelpyoutojumpstarthealthyeatinghabits.MorningmusthavesResearchersatHarvardMedicalSchooldiscoveredthatpeoplewhotookdailybreakfastwereathirdlesslikelytobecomeobese(肥胖的)thanthosewhoskippedthismeal.Toenjoythemostbenefits,theresearchersrecommendedeatingwholegrainfoodsforbreakfastastheyarerichinfiber.2.．MainmealwisdomIfyouneedtoconsumemeat,choosefishinsteadofredmeat.Studieshavelinkedhighconsumptionofredmeatwithcancerssuchasbreastandcolorectalcanceraswellasheartdiseasemainlybecauseredmeatisveryhighinsaturated(饱和的)fats.3.．Foodpreparation4．.Assuch,cookingmethodssuchassteaming,baking,grilling,boilingorstirfryingareadvised.5．Somepeopleliketoeatalargemealafterahardday’swork.However,largemealslateatnightcancauseindigestionthatinfluencessleep.Soitisaverygoodideatohavealowcaloriefiberdrinkjustbeforeleavingtheoffice.Itisalsonotagoodideatoregularlyhavealatenightmealasthiscouldoverburdenthedigestivesystem.Remember,minorchangesinoureatinghabitscanleadtomajorchangesinourhealth.A．LightnightsB．FewernightsnacksC．Fish,incontrast,containsmorehearthealthyfatsD．DrinkingbeanmilksuppliesthebodywithplantproteinE．ExpertsalwayssuggestpreparingfoodwithaslittleoilaspossibleF．Butmostofusfailtoobtainadequatenutrients(营养)duetoourtroubledlifestylesG．Fiberaidsinstabilizingbloodsugar,controllingappetiteandkeepingthehearthealthy【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了养成健康饮食好习惯的几种策略。1．F　解析：依据首句中的“均衡饮食能增强免疫系统”可知，F项中的“但是我们大多数人由于混乱的生活方式没能获得充足的营养”与之对应，并引出下句。2．G　解析：研究者推荐早餐吃富含纤维素的全谷类食物，故接下来应该说明纤维素对人体的好处，故选G。3．C　解析：该段主要涉及吃正餐的学问，即多吃鱼肉少吃红肉。红肉中含有大量饱和脂肪，故选C项“相反，鱼肉中含有更多的有益于心脏健康的脂肪”与之作对比。4．E　解析：该段主要涉及食物烹饪建议，从后句中的“蒸、烘、烤、煮或炒”这些烹饪方法可知选E与之匹配。5．A　解析：根据后文可知该段主要讲晚上吃大餐会影响消化，再结合上文几个小标题考虑，“晚餐少食”最佳，故选A。五、书面表达。6\n(2022·石家庄检测)假定你是李华，你收到了美国朋友彼得寄来的最新英文小说。请给他回信，要点如下：1．小说收到；2．回赠礼物；3．礼物意义；4．邀请来华。注意：1．词数100左右；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearPeter，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHuaOnepossibleversion：Dear_Peter，I’mgladtoreceivethenovel.ThankyouforsuchalovelygiftasIhavebeenexpectingonelikethatforalongtime.ThisnovelgivesmesomeinsightsintoAmericansocietyanddailylife.Iknowyou’reinterestedinChinesefestivals，andthereforeIchooseanalbumofpapercuttingforyou.PapercuttingisauniqueformofChineseculturalrelics，whichisoftenusedasadecorationforajoyousatmosphere.IhopeitwillbringhappinessandlucktoyourfamilyasitalwaysdoesinChina.Bestwishes.ExpectingyoutocometoChinaandexperiencetherichcultureinperson.Yours，Li_Hua6