2022版高考英语大二轮复习第一部分语篇填空和短文改错专题一词类转换和构词知识+阅读理解+七选五优选习题

专题一　词类转换和构词知识(+阅读理解+七选五)A级　基础过关Ⅰ.单句填空1.(2022青海西宁二模)　　　　　　(actual),childrenlearnviolentbehaviorfromadultsorfromwhattheyseeontelevisionorontheInternet. 答案Actually2.Theanimals,housedatEdinburghZooandtheNationalCentreforChimpanzeeCareinTexas,gottolistentoworksbyMozart,BeethovenandJustinBieber.Butnoneofthemshowedany　　　　　　(prefer)foranykindofmusic. 答案preference3.(2022山东青岛二模)Havingexercisedforyears,Ernestinedidherfirstbodybuildingshowandwonherfirst　　　　　　(compete). 答案competition4.(2022福建宁德二模)Butpoachers(盗猎者)wouldchoose　　　　　　(simple)tokillthembeforetakingthewool,whichcausedthenumberofTibetanantelopestodroprapidly. 答案simply5.(2022山东潍坊三模)ComingtoChinaisoneofthebest　　　　　　(decide)I’veevermadeinmylife. 答案decisions6.(2022河南洛阳三模)Agrowingnumberofforeignershopetopromoteeconomic　　　　　　(develop)intheirhomecountriesbyhighlighting(聚焦)theneedfortechnologicalachievementslikethatofChina. 答案development8\n7.It　　　　　　(certain)seemsthatChina’senthusiasmforyogaisn’tgoingtocooldownanytimesoon. 答案certainly8.(2022河南郑州三模)WhilestudyingatCambridgeUniversity,hewasdiagnosedwithmotorneuron(运动神经元)diseaseattheageof21.His　　　　　　(ill)lefthimparalyzedandhewastoldheonlyhadashorttimetolive. 答案illness9.(2022四川绵阳三模)Recently,thepeopleofSwitzerlandbegantellingstoriesabouta　　　　　　(mystery)figurewhowalkedthroughtheMaulesForestwearingcamouflage(伪装)andagasmask. 答案mysterious10.Thelocalgovernmenthasdecidedto　　　　　　(length)therailwaytothefarwestoftheregion. 答案lengthenⅡ.单句改错1.(2022山东威海二模)Dragons,however,areconsideredcruellyinwesternculture,whichsuggestswesternersandChinesehavedifferentunderstandingsoftheworld. 答案cruelly→cruel2.Thenextday,wearrivedtherewithgiftswehadprepared,andwereceivedawarmlywelcome. 答案warmly→warm3.(2022河北唐山三模)Heistotaladdictedtopoemsandherecitesitwhilewaitingforfoodatrestaurants. 答案total→totally4.(2022湖北武汉二模)ItsuddenlyrainedheavyinthemidnightandIfeltcold. 答案heavy→heavily5.(2022山东烟台二模)Sofar,thebookhasbeentranslatedintomanyforeignlanguages.Unfortunate,hediedin1593. 答案Unfortunate→Unfortunately6.Formostofus,therewillbequiteanumberoffriendstomakeinourlife.Wegettomeetallthesedifferencefacesattimes. 答案difference→different8\n7.(2022辽宁沈阳二模)Theexhibitionwasheldannualtodisplaythelatestproductsinthefieldofeducation. 答案annual→annually8.(2022云南高三复习统一检测)Theclubwassopopularthatmanystudentssignedupforit.Tobehonestly,atthattimeIjustfollowedthemwithoutthinking. 答案honestly→honest9.(2022内蒙古赤峰4月模拟)Sometimes,yougooutwithagroupoffriendsandyoucan’tdecidewheretogofordinnerbecauseeveryonewantstoordersomethingdifferently. 答案differently→different10.(2022安徽江淮十校4月联考)However,manypeoplecan’tdealwithpressureinanappropriatewaysothattheybecomemoreanxiously. 答案anxiously→anxiousB级　能力提升Ⅲ.阅读理解A(2022山东济南二模)TheGuggenheimMuseumattemptstohelpeducatorsconnectstudentswithart.Itoffersprogramsforeducators,includingfreeartscurricula,professionaldevelopmentcoursesandworkshops,aswellasprofessionalmeetandgreetsthatpairartistswithpublicschoolteachersthroughoutNewYorkCity.•VisitingwithyourstudentsThemuseumoffersavarietyofwaysforeducatorsandtheirstudentstovisit,fromself-guidedtourstoaguidedexperience.GuggenheimMuseumHighlightsPerfectforfirst-timevisitors,theHighlightsTourfocusesonthemuseum’sinnovativearchitecture,history,andpermanentcollection.SpecialExhibitionThistouroffersanopportunitytoengageinalively,in-depthexplorationofoneofourspecialexhibitions.Learnabouttheartisticprocessesandmovementsbehindsomeofthemostrevolutionaryartistsofthemodernandcontemporaryage.CustomTourTourscanbecustomizedtoaccommodateavarietyofinterests,learningstylesandsubjectmatter.Ourgalleryeducatorscancreateaone-of-a-kindexperiencetailoredtoyourgroup’sneeds.Lecturer’sBadgeConductagrouptourofupto20people.8\n•ArtscurriculumonlineTheGuggenheimproducesfreecurriculummaterialsonexhibitionsforeducatorstousebothduringschoolvisitsandintheclassroom.Whilethematerialfocusesonrecentexhibitions,acomprehensiverangeoflessonscovermanyworksandartistsinthemuseum’scollection.•LearningthroughartLearningthroughartsendsexperiencedteachingartistsintoNewYorkCitypublicschoolswheretheyworkwithclassroomteacherstodevelopandfacilitateartprojectsintotheschoolcurriculum.•EducationfacilitiesHousedintheSacklerCenterforArtsEducation,theGuggenheim’seducationfacilitiesincludestudioartandmultimedialabs,atheater,anexhibitiongallery,andaconferenceroom.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用广告体文章。介绍了Guggenheim博物馆为了让学生接触并学习艺术,为教育专家和学生们提供了各种各样的艺术展览活动,并免费提供在线学习课程及教育设施。1.Whoarethemuseum’sprogramsintendedfor?　　　　　　　　　　　　A.Students.B.Parents.C.Educators.D.Artists.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“TheGuggenheimMuseumattemptstohelpeducatorsconnectstudentswithart.Itoffersprogramsforeducators,...”可知,Guggenheim博物馆是想帮助教育专家使学生接触艺术而提供了各种各样的服务项目。2.Whichtourcanbedesignedbasedonyourowninterest?A.CustomTour.B.Lecturer’sBadge.C.SpecialExhibition.D.GuggenheimMuseumHighlights.答案A解析细节理解题。题干中的“basedonyourowninterest”是关键词,意为“根据你自己的兴趣”,通过寻读,发现只有“CustomTour”项目中的“customizedtoaccommodate...”和“tailoredtoyourgroup’sneeds”与关键词同义,所以A项是最佳答案。3.Howdoteachingartistshelptomakeartprojectsintotheschoolcurriculum?A.Bygivinglessonsonline.B.Byworkingwithteachers.C.Byprovidingfreematerials.D.Bydesigningprojectsalone.答案B8\n解析细节理解题。题干问:教育艺术怎样帮助使得艺术项目进入学校的课程?关键词是:teachingartists,artprojects,schoolcurriculum。在“Learningthroughart”段落中找到了这些关键词。“wheretheyworkwithclassroomteacherstodevelopandfacilitateartprojectsintotheschoolcurriculum”是答案的信息点。4.WhatcanwedointheSacklerCenter?A.Appreciateartworks.B.Dinewithyourfriends.C.Performscienceexperiments.D.Collectyourfavoriteexhibits.答案A解析推理判断题。题干问:我们在SacklerCenter可以做什么?关键词是SacklerCenter。在最后一段找到这个关键词。这个中心提供的教育设施有:艺术多媒体实验室、剧院、展览馆和会议室。根据“anexhibitiongallery”可推知,我们可在这儿欣赏艺术作品。D项是干扰项,它的意思是“搜集最喜欢的展品”,违背常识。B(2022湖南郴州二模)ZachBonnerknowsjusthowfartryingcangetyou.Earlierthismonththeeleven-year-oldcompletedhisbiggestcharityprojecttodate.HewalkedalmosttwothousandkilometersfromhishomeinFloridatoWashingtonD.C.toraisemoneyforhomelesschildreninAmerica.Zachcalledhisproject“FromMyHousetotheWhiteHouse”.HecarriedamessagetotheAmericanpresidentandlawmakers.HeaskedforhelpforthehomelesschildrenintheUnitedStates.ThewalkraisedtensofthousandsofdollarsforZach’scause.HismothersaysZachhasalwaysenjoyedcommunityservicework.ItbeganwhenHurricaneCharleyhitFloridain2022.Zachdecidedtohelpvictimsbywalkingaroundhisareawithhislittleredwagoncollectingandgivingoutbottlesofwater.Hegotthenickname“LittleRedWagonBoy”.Now,“LittleRedWagon”isthenameofZach’sfoundation.Ithasraisedmoneyforplaygroundsandsheltersforhomelesschildren.Zachalsogivesoutthousandsofbackpacks.Hefillseach“Zachpac”withatoy,personalcleaningsupplies,socks,sewingsupplies,afirst-aidkitandfood.Zachhaswonmanyawards,metseveralpresidentsandbeenontelevision.Butthatisnotwhyhewantstohelppeople.ZachBonnersaysifyouhaveagoodheartyouhavetouseit.And,hesays,charityworkisalotoffun.Eighteen-year-oldChristinaJohnsonandheroldersisterGenevastartedtheirproject,“BringItOn”intheBronxareaofNewYorkCityin2022.Theywantedtoimprovetheplacewheretheylived.Theareawassodangerousthattheirparentswouldnotletthemplayoutside.8\nThegirlsstartedaprogramtoempowerchildrenintheircommunity.“BringItOn”organizesvolunteerstocleanupwasteinthearea.Thegroupalsoholdsclassesandtalksonhealth,leadership,howtosetupsmallbusinessesandotherissues.“BringItOn”receivesmoneyandothersupportfromlocalbusinessesandothersponsors. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道类文章。介绍了美国青少年发起的两项帮助他人的慈善工程。5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutZachBonner?A.Hehadpersuadedhismothertoworkwithhim.B.Hiswalkhelpedraisealargeamountofmoney.C.Hewonhisnicknamebyhelpingthevictimswithalittleredwagon.D.Heenjoyedhimselfindoingcommunityservicework.答案A解析细节理解题。题干问:哪一个选项不正确。做此题宜用排除法。第一段中的“ThewalkraisedtensofthousandsofdollarsforZach’scause.”表明B项正确;根据第二段中的“...Hegotthenickname‘LittleRedWagonBoy’.”可知C项正确;根据第二段中的第一句“HismothersaysZachhasalwaysenjoyedcommunityservicework.”可知D项正确。而A项在前两段中没有相关信息。6.WhywasZachBonner’sfoundationstarted?A.ToasktheAmericanpresidentandlawmakersforhelp.B.Towinawardsandappearontelevision.C.Tohavealotoffunwithotherpeople.D.Toraisemoneyforhomelesschildren.答案D解析细节理解题。题干问:ZachBonner为什么创建基金会?关键词是why,foundation和started。通过寻读在第二段中找到关键词foundation所在的句子“Now,‘LittleRedWagon’isthenameofZach’sfoundation.”细读后面的内容“Ithasraisedmoneyforplaygroundsandsheltersforhomelesschildren.”可知,Zach创建基金会的目的是为流浪儿童筹资。7.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“empowerchildren”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Givechildrenthepowertodoanything.B.Takecontrolofchildren.C.Enablechildrentolivesafely.D.Stopchildrenplayingwitheachother.答案C解析词义猜测题。应该在画线词所在句子的前后部分寻找答案信息。后面的内容与该句是排比句,内容无关,而上一段的内容“Theywantedtoimprovetheplacewheretheylived.Theareawassodangerousthattheirparentswouldnotletthemplayoutside.”却告诉我们“The8\ngirlsstartedaprogramtoempowerchildrenintheircommunity.”的原因,故C项是最佳答案。8.Whatcanbeinferredaccordingtothetext?A.“LittleRedWagon”and“BringItOn”arethenicknamesofyouths.B.YoungpeopleareleadingthewayinvolunteeringintheUnitedStates.C.Thegirlsstartedtheirprogramtofindlostchildrenintheircommunity.D.ChristinaJohnsonandGenevaaremakingeffortstoraisemoney.答案B解析推理判断题。题干问:根据文章,应该推断出什么?本文中第一层次介绍了11岁的ZachBonner为流浪儿童筹资;第二层次介绍了18岁的ChristinaJohnson和她的姐姐创建了“BringItOn”工程,志愿清理垃圾、提供健康、领导能力、创建生意方面的讲座等等。从这两个故事中,我们可以推知美国青少年的志愿者活动在美国起到了带头作用。A项中的“LittleRedWagon”是Zach的绰号,但“BringItOn”是不是ChristinaJohnson和Geneva的绰号文中没有给出任何信息。最后一段中的第一句话“Thegirlsstartedaprogramtoempowerchildrenintheircommunity.”可知C项错误;ChristinaJohnsonandGeneva的“BringItOn”是志愿者活动,不是筹资,属张冠李戴错误。Ⅳ.七选五(2022河南新乡三模)Asnewcarpricescontinuetoclimb,youcanfindreliablebutcheapusedcarsforsale.Manyarereadilyavailableonline,butcarlotsandlocalautoauctions(拍卖)alsoprovideexcellentsourcesforinexpensivevehicles.Herearethetips.Searchonline　1　.Somesitesspecializeinautomotivesalesandmaycontainhundredsoflocallists.Privatesellersmayofferconsiderablylowerpricesfortheircarsthanadealerandbemorereceptivetonegotiation.Youwillfinddealerlistsonthesesitesaswell. VisitlocalauctionsThoughmanycarauctionstakeplaceonline,youstillcanfindacheapusedcarataspecializedautoauction.Theseauctions,availableinmanybiggercities,arethesameoneswherelocaldealerspurchasecarsforsale.　2　,socheckwithyourlocalautoauctioncentertoconfirm. 　3　 Manyorganizationsthatmanageafleetofvehiclesselltheirusedcarswhentheyremovethemfromactiveservice.Carrentalcompaniesfrequentlyselllatemodel,relativelylowmileageformerrentalcarsforwellbelowthepriceadealerwouldchargeforasimilarvehicle.Foraverycheapusedcar,considerbrowsingretiredpolicecarsandgovernmentsurplusvehicles.　4　. Bepreparedtonegotiate8\n　5　,youwilllikelyhavetheopportunitytonegotiateforalowersalesprice.Whennegotiatingwithadealer,accordingtothefinancialmagazineForbes,youmaybeabletogetthelowestpossiblepriceonthelastdayofthemonth,adaywithpoorweather,orlateatnightontheweekend.Negotiationswithaprivateselleroftenaremoredirectandconsistofsimplyofferingyouridealandreasonableprice. A.ConsiderretiredvehiclesB.AskadvicefromlocaldealersC.ThesecarswillhelpyousavealotD.UnlessyoubuyyourusedcarinanauctionE.RulescanvarysignificantlyfromauctiontoauctionF.WhenyoufindachancetoaskaboutthelocalsituationG.Manyprivateindividualsstartwithonlineclassifiedwebsites答案1~5GEACD8