2023高考英语统考一轮复习训练模块八Unit3阅读理解题组_练速度含解析牛津译林版202303181201

高考题型·组合规范练20模块八　Unit3阅读理解题组——练速度(35mins)Ⅰ.阅读理解A“Garliccoffee”canbegoodnewstocoffee-lovingpregnantwomenasamaninnortheasternJapaninventedthedrinkthatlooksandtasteslikecoffeebutismadeupentirelyoflocallygrowngarlic.“Mydrinkisprobablytheworld’sfirstofitskind,”said75-year-oldYokitomoShimotai,whowasacoffeeshopownerinAomoriPrefecture.“Itcontainsnocaffeinesoit’sgoodforthosewhowouldliketodrinkcoffeeatnightorpregnantwomen.”Shimotai,whostartedthedrink’ssaleinJanuary2017,saidthedrinkwasaccidentallymadefromacookingmistakeabout30yearsago,whenheburnedasteakandgarlicwhilewaitingtablesathisshop.Hemashed(捣烂)theburntgarlicwithaspoonandmixeditwithhotwater.Whenhedrankit,hewassurprisedatits“coffee-liketaste”withbitterness.Shimotaibeganresearchingthedrinkafterretirement,aimedatturningitintoaproduct.Afterrepeatingtrialsanderrorsonthebestwaytomakeit,hecreateda“coffee”hecanbesatisfiedwithaboutsixyearsagobyusinganelectricfurnace(火炉)toroastthegarlic.Aftercoolingit,thegarlicismashedup.Shimotaitookapatentonthemethodin2015,andopenedaworkshopinneighboringIwatePrefecture.Whilehisdrinkhasapleasantsmellofroastedgarlic,itwillnotcausebadbreathbecauseitiscarefullyandfullyroasted,accordingtoShimotai.ThedrinkisnowavailableattwosouvenirshopsinAomoriPrefecture,orbyorderingbytelephone.Apacketcontainingonecupofgarliccoffeecosts324yen($2.8).OrderscanbemadewithhisworkshopcalledTechnoBaisenKoboat0195(37)1999inthecityofNinohe,IwatePrefecture.1.Whatmakes“garliccoffee”special?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A.Itisn’tbitteratall.B.Itiscaffeine-free.C.Itdoesn’ttastelikecoffee.D.Itisespeciallygoodfornightworkers.2.WhatledtoShimotai’sinventionof“garliccoffee”?A.Acookingmistake.B.Themarketcompetition.C.Pregnantwomen’sdemand.D.Hisloveforgarlicandcoffee.3.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?\nA.Toencourageinvention.B.Toadvertise“garliccoffee”.C.Tointroduce“garliccoffee”.D.TopraiseYokitomoShimotai.BEveryoneknowschameleons(变色龙)canchangecolor,butwhydotheydoit?Supposeyouweregiventhesethreeoptions:(a)tomatchwiththeirsurroundings,(b)togetamate,or(c)toimpresshumans.Mostpeoplewouldchoose(a).Buttherealansweris(b).It’snotahard-and-fastrule:thereisevidencethatthecolorfulchangesofsomechameleonscanbeadisguise.Forinstance,thesmall-sizedchameleonBradypodiontaeniabronchumseemstomatchitssurroundingsmorecloselywhenfacinganenemywithbettercolorvision.Formostchameleons,however,changingcolorisallaboutgettingamate.Intheirnaturalenvironment,mostchameleonsmatchwiththeirsurroundingsprettywell,saysecologistKristopherKarstenofCaliforniaLutheranUniversityinThousandOaks.Sowhentheychangecolor,theytendtomakethemselveseasiertonotice.Competingmaleswilloftenbattleitoutwithacolor-changefight.Thecolor-changeprocessdoesn’tworkthewayyoumightexpectittoeither.Mostofuswouldthinkitisachievedbysomekindofpigments(色素).ButastudypublishedinMarch2015suggeststhatthecolorchangeshavenothingtodowithchemistryatall.Instead,itturnsouttherearesomenanocrystals(纳米晶体)withinthechameleon’scells.Bychangingthepositionsofthesecrystals,thechameleoncanshowdifferentshadesofcolor.It’snotjustabouthowchameleonslook.Theyarealsounusuallygoodatusingtheireyes.InaneatstudypublishedinJuly2015,zoologistsshowedchameleonstwoobjectsthatmovedaroundacomputerscreen.Thechameleonswereabletosplittheirvision,eacheyeindependentlyfocusingonadifferentobject.Eventually,thechameleonsseemedtomakeachoice,botheyeslockingontothesametarget.Thiswaytheycoulddoabetterjobofjudginghowfarawaytheobjectswere—andthushowfartoshootouttheirtongues.Allthatsaid,thereisalotthatwestilldon’tknowaboutchameleons.4.WhydoesBradypodiontaeniabronchumchangecolor?A.Tohuntfood.B.Tocheatitsenemies.C.Tomakeitselfdisappear.D.Toattracthuman’sattention.5.Howdomalechameleonscompetewitheachotherforamate?A.Bychangingcolor.B.Bystaringateachother.C.Byfightingwitheachother.D.Bymatchingwiththeirsurroundings.\n6.Howdochameleonschangecolor?A.Byproducingmorenanocrystals.B.Byusingdifferentkindsofpigments.C.Bychangingthepositionsoftheircells.D.Bychangingthepositionsoftheirnanocrystals.7.Whatisspecialaboutchameleons’eyes?A.Theycantelldifferentcolors.B.Theycanseeobjectsfromalongdistance.C.Theycannoticeobjectsonacomputerscreen.D.Theycanfocusontwoobjectsatonetime.CElizabethBishopisconsideredoneofthebestAmericanpoetsofthe20thcentury.ShewasborninWorcester,Massachusettsin1911.Herdaddiedwhenshewasjustababyandhermomneverrecoveredfromtheloss;shewenttolivewithhergrandparentsinNovaScotia,Canadawhenshewasfive.EventuallyBishopattendedVassarCollege,whereshebegantowritepoetry.AtVassarshediscoveredMarianneMoore’spoetryandmet“Ms.Moore”andbegantheirlife-longfriendship.ShelatermetpoetRobertLowell.Shewrotetonsandtonsofletterstobothofthem,whichisgoodforusbecausewewouldotherwiseknowverylittleofherpersonallife.Bishop’spoetryissometimesconsideredobjectiveandcoldbecauseitshowsalmostnothingaboutthepoetorherlife.Bishoppublishedherfirstbookofpoetryin1946andwroteuntilherdeathin1979.Shewouldspendyearsworkingonasinglepoem.Herpoemsarenottheresultofhastyscribbling(匆忙乱写)onpaperwhileeatingbreakfast.Overalifetimeofwriting,sheonlypublishedabout275pagesofpoetry,andabout40ofthosearetranslations.Shewouldlookthroughdraftsofpoemsagainandagainandimprovethemuntiltheywereasclosetoperfectasshecouldgetthem.ReadingElizabethBishopislikebeingtransportedtotheveryplace,theverymomentshe’swritingabout.Sheleadsustoamicroscopesowecanseeeverysmallestpartofthescene.Itseemsshe’salwaysaskingustonoticemore,andmoreuntilthepoemissoclearinourmindsthatit’salmostpainful—likealightthat’stoobright.Itmighttakeyoureyesawhiletogetusedtoit,butoncetheydo,you’lllikewhatyousee.8.WhatdoweknowaboutBishop’searlylife?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A.Shestartedtowritepoemsatfive.B.Shewasalwaysencouragedbyherparents.C.ShespentherchildhoodmainlyinWorcester.D.Shewasmainlybroughtupbyhergrandparents.9.WhyareBishop’sletterstoMooreandLowellimportant?A.Theyhaveadeepinfluenceonotherpoets.B.Theyoffermuchinformationaboutherlife.C.TheyhelpusstudyMoore’sandLowell’spoetry.\nD.Theyproveshehadfriendshipswithfamouspoets.10.WhatcanwesayaboutBishop’spoeticcreation?A.Shelikedtowriteinthemorning.B.Shecouldwritepoemsathighspeed.C.Shetriedherbesttoachieveperfection.D.Shepublishedhundredsofbooksofpoetry.11.WhichcanbeusedtodescribethestyleofBishop’spoems?A.Exact.B.Informal.C.Humorous.D.Enthusiastic.DHehasjumpedofftallbuildings,beenlitonfire,andfoughtthedeadliestpeopleontheplanet.Andyouknowwhat?ForGregRementer,it’sallinaday’swork.Rementerispartofagroupofmenandwomenwhobringyourfavoriteactionscenestolifeonfilmandtelevision.Hewashiredtostandinforactorswhenascenecarriesrealriskorrequiresspecialskills.OnthesetofCaptainAmerica:CivilWar,forexample,RementersteppedinforactorSebastianStan.Rementerhadtojump45feetfromonebuildingontoanother—afterbeingthrowndownaflightofstairs.Stunts(特技)havealwaysbeenpartofmovies.ButintheearlydaysofHollywood,actorsgenerallydidtheirownstunts.Whenactorsdidn’tdotheirownstunts,filmmakerswouldsimplyhirethefirstpersontheycouldfindcrazyenoughtogiveitago.Accidentsthatresultedinseriousinjurieswerenotuncommon.Today,moststuntperformersknowhowtosafelyfallfromgreatheights.Manyhavesportsbackgrounds.BobbyHollandHanton,whoperformedinAvengers:AgeofUltron,wasagymnast.KatieEischen,whoworkedinTheHungerGames:CatchingFire,didvolleyball.AsforRementer,hehasbeenstudyingmartialarts(武术)sinceprimaryschool.Rementerloveshisjob,butit’shardlyglamorous.Daysonsetcanbelongandhard;it’scommontowork14hoursatatimeinuncomfortablelocations.Astuntthatlastsafewsecondscantakehourstosetup.Plus,stuntperformersmusttraincontinuouslytostayinshape.Beingastuntperformertodayismuchsaferthanitusedtobe,thankstobetterequipmentandstrictrulesinHollywood.Butinjuriesarestillpartofthejob.Afterall,ifstuntswerecompletelysafe,stuntperformerswouldn’tbeneeded.“I’vebeenfortunate,”Rementersays,explainingthathehasn’thadanyseriousaccidents.“I’vehadsomebrokenarms,brokentoes,andalotofbruises.Butwhenyou’redoingthingslikeridingwiresintoconcretewalls,you’regoingtofeelit.Youjusthavetobereadytogetupandgoagain.”12.WhatwasRementerhiredtodo?A.Bringboringstoriestolife.B.Encourageactorstodosports.C.Performdangerousactionsforactors.D.InstructSebastianStaninspecialskills.13.WhydidtheauthormentionsomestuntperformersinParagraph3?\nA.Tointroducetheirstunts.B.Topraisetheirgreatskills.C.Toshowtheyarehighlytrained.D.Tostresstheimportanceofsportsbackgrounds.14.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“glamorous”inParagraph4?A.Tiring.B.Attractive.C.Dangerous.D.Meaningful.15.WhatcanweinferaboutRementerfromhiswords?A.Hetakespleasureinriskyjobs.B.Hesuffersmisfortuneeveryday.C.Hehasastrongsenseofprofessionalism.D.Hehasalove-haterelationshipwithhisjob.Ⅱ.阅读七选五IremembermyfirstdayatUsdanSummerCamp.IhadageneralideaofwheretheroomformyCreativeWritingclasswas,butI’dhadtroublefindingit.　1　 IwasclimbingsomestairswhenIsawaladyinablueUsdanshirthelpingastudent.Bythispoint,Iwasverytiredandfilledwithfear.　2　M15.Sameasme. Relieved,Istated,“I’malsolookingforM15.”“CreativeWriting,right?”“Yup,mindifwelooktogether?”HernamewasJorden.Shewasslim,aroundmyheight.Weagreedtolookforourclasstogether.Theladyintheblueshirtgaveusdirections.　3　 Finally,afterpassingthesameviolinpracticeroomfivetimes,theinstructorcameoutandgreeteduswiththeobviousquestion:“　4　” “Kindof,”wesaid.“AnyideawhereM15is?”Clearly,wewereveryclose.Allwehadtodowasgodownsomestepsandturnright.　5　Ididn’tknowhowtheteacherwouldreact.Shewasn’tmad;shejustsmiledandsaidthatalotofpeoplegettoclasslatebecauseofitslocation.Someevenarrivedafterus. Afterthatday,JordenandIremainedfriends.We’dalwayslaughabouthowwemet,andwhatourfirstdaywaslike.A.Areyoutwolost?B.Whichroomareyoulookingfor?C.Butneitherofusunderstoodthem.D.Evenso,weweretwentyminuteslateforclass.E.Itwascomfortingtoknowwewereinthesameboat.F.ThenIheardwhichroomthestudentwastryingtofind.G.Thereweretreeseverywhere,andtheyalllookedthesame.高考题型·组合规范练20模块八　Unit3　阅读理解题组——练速度Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是说明文。一位日本老人用大蒜作为原料发明了一款特别的咖啡。1.B　细节理解题。由第二段中的“Itcontainsnocaffeine”可知,大蒜咖啡不含咖啡因成分。\n2.A　细节理解题。由第三段中的“...thedrinkwasaccidentallymadefromacookingmistakeabout30yearsago”可知,Shimotai因为一次烹饪失误意外做成了这种咖啡。3.C　写作目的题。本文主要介绍了大蒜咖啡发明的契机以及其制作过程,有关它的生产与销售文中只是略有提及,故选C项。【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了变色龙变色的原因、方法以及其眼睛的特殊之处。4.B　细节理解题。由第二段中的“...thereisevidencethatthecolorfulchangesofsomechameleons...facinganenemywithbettercolorvision”可知,有些变色龙改变身体颜色是为了伪装自己,而Bradypodiontaeniabronchum这种变色龙便是其中的一个例子,它碰到色彩视感强的敌人时,会变成与周围环境更接近的颜色,以迷惑敌人。5.A　细节理解题。由第三段中的“Competingmaleswilloftenbattleitoutwithacolor-changefight”可知,雄性变色龙决斗的方式是“变色大战”。6.D　细节理解题。由第五段中的“Bychangingthepositionsofthesecrystals...differentshadesofcolor”可知,变色龙通过改变细胞内纳米晶体的位置来显示不同的颜色,从而达到改变身体颜色的效果。7.D　细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“Thechameleonswereabletosplit...independentlyfocusingonadifferentobject”可知,变色龙的两只眼睛可以同时分别聚焦在不同的物体上面。【语篇导读】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了20世纪美国著名女诗人伊丽莎白·毕肖普,并对其诗歌进行了评价。8.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Herdaddiedwhenshewasjustababy...livewithhergrandparentsinNovaScotia,Canadawhenshewasfive”可知,毕肖普主要是由祖父母带大的。9.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Shewrotetonsandtonsofletterstobothofthem,whichisgoodforusbecausewewouldotherwiseknowverylittleofherpersonallife”可知,毕肖普与穆尔和洛威尔的书信为人们提供了毕肖普日常生活方面的信息,因此这些书信很重要。10.C　细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知,毕肖普创作诗歌的时候精益求精,力求完美。本段中的“untiltheywereasclosetoperfectasshecouldgetthem”是最关键的线索。11.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Sheleadsustoamicroscopesowecanseeeverysmallestpartofthescene”和“Itseemsshe’salways...that’stoobright”可知,毕肖普的诗歌讲究精准到位。【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了电影行业中的特技替身这一高危职业。12.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Hewashiredtostandinforactorswhenascenecarriesrealriskorrequiresspecialskills”及下面给出的例子可知,Rementer被雇用来给演员做特技替身。13.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“moststuntperformersknowhowtosafelyfallfromgreatheights.Manyhavesportsbackgrounds”及下文给出的例子可知,文中提到的几位电影特技表演者都具有体育背景,所以他们都是经过高度专业化培训的特技替身。14.B　词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Daysonsetcanbelongandhard”和表转折的连词but可知,Rementer很爱他的工作,但是这项工作并不“吸引人”,因为在片场的时间既长又辛苦。\n15.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Butwhenyou’redoingthingslikeridingwiresintoconcretewalls,you’regoingtofeelit.Youjusthavetobereadytogetupandgoagain”可知,Rementer要时刻做好跌倒再爬起来继续工作的准备,由此可见,他具有职业水准。Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。参加夏令营的第一天,作者正为找不到教室苦恼时遇到了同病相怜的Jorden。她们费了一番功夫终于找到了教室,这次“坎坷”的经历也让她们成了朋友。1.G　G项解释了上文中的trouble,即作者找不到教室的原因。2.F　F项中的whichroom与本空后面的M15相对应。3.C　C项与上文中的“Theladyintheblueshirtgaveusdirections.”形成转折关系,且C项中的them指代directions。4.A　由本空前面的question可推断,本空应填一个问句,因此A项和B项符合文本特征;又从下文中作者和Jorden的回答“Kindof”可推断,A项符合语意。5.D　D项中的“twentyminuteslateforclass”与下文中的“gettoclasslate”相照应。