2022版高考英语一轮基础习选题Unit2Cloning含解析新人教版选修8

Unit2Cloning李仕才一、阅读理解。“Clevernessisagiftwhilekindnessisachoice.Giftsareeasy—they’regivenafterall.Choicescanbehard.”—JeffBezos.IgottheideatostartAmazonin1995.IcameacrossthefactthattheInternetusagewasgrowingat2,300percentperyear.I’dneverseenorheardofanythingthatgrewthatfast,andtheideaofbuildinganonlinebookstorewithmillionsoftitleswasveryexcitingtome.Ihadjustturned30yearsold,andI’dbeenmarriedforayear.ItoldmywifeMacKenziethatIwantedtoquitmyjobandgotodothiscrazythingthatprobablywouldn’tworksincemoststart-upsdon’t,andIwasn’tsurewhattoexpect.MacKenzietoldmeIshouldgoforit.Asayoungboy,I’dbeenagarageinventor.I’dalwayswantedtobeaninventor,andshewantedmetofollowmypassion.IwasworkingatafinancialfirminNewYorkCitywithabunchofverysmartpeople,andIhadabrilliantbossthatImuchadmired.IwenttomybossandtoldhimIwantedtostartacompanysellingbooksontheInternet.HetookmeonalongwalkinCentralPark,listenedcarefullytome,andfinallysaid,“Thatsoundslikeareallygoodidea,butitwouldbeanevenbetterideaforsomeonewhodidn’talreadyhaveagoodjob.”Thatlogicmadesomesensetome,andheconvincedmetothinkaboutitfor48hoursbeforemakingafinaldecision.Seeninthatlight,itwasreallyadifficultchoice,butultimately,IdecidedIhadtogiveitashot.Ididn’tthinkI’dregrettryingandfailing.AndIsuspectedIwouldalwaysbehauntedbyadecisiontonottryatall.Aftermuchconsideration,Itookthelesssafepathtofollowmypassion,andI’mproudofthatchoice.Forallofus,intheend,weareourchoices.【文章大意】本文讲述了亚马逊网站的创始人的成长故事。天赋易得,选择难做。才智是与生俱来的,善良是后天选择的。1.Whatinspiredtheauthorwiththeideaofbuildinganonlinebookstore?A.ThegreatlyincreasingusageoftheInternet.7\nB.Thesupportofhiswife.C.Hisdreamofbeinganinventor.D.Millionsofexcitingtitles.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段的“IcameacrossthefactthattheInternetusagewasgrowing...”这句话可知,互联网的迅速发展让作者感到吃惊,让作者萌生创建网络书店的想法。2.Wecanknowfromthepassagethat________.A.thebossthoughttheideawassuitablefortheauthorB.theauthormightnotregretifhefailedtheideaC.theauthorwantedsomeoneelsetotrytheideaD.theauthormightgobacktohisbossifhefailed【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段“IdecidedIhadtogiveitashot.Ididn’tthinkI’dregrettryingandfailing.”可知,作者认为自己不会为尝试和失败感到后悔。3.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ClevernessandKindnessB.TheStartingofAmazonC.WeAreWhatWeChooseD.FollowingMyPassion【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Aftermuchconsideration,Itookthelesssafepathtofollowmypassion,andI’mproudofthatchoice.Forallofus,intheend,weareourchoices.”可知,作者把自己的热情付诸了实践,并且获得了成功。是我们的选择成就了我们每一个人。二、单句语法填空1．Shewasforced________(retire)earlyfromteachingbecauseofillhealth.答案：toretire　beforcedtodo...“被迫做……”；retire“退休”。2．Manylocalpeople________(object)tothebuildingofthenewairport.答案：objected　objectto...“反对……”。3．Itwon'tmakemuch________(differ)whetheryougotodayortomorrow.7\n答案：difference　由空前的much可知应填名词difference。makea/no/some/muchdifference表示“有/没有/有些/有很大影响/作用/关系”。4．Heoweshissuccessmore________luckthan________ability.答案：to;to　owe...to...“把……归功于……”。5．Alcoholactsonthebrain,sodriversareforbidden________(drink)itwhentheydriveacar.答案：todrink　beforbiddentodo...“被禁止做某事”。6．________(strike)bystrongsnowstorms,theareafacedaseverewaterandelectricityshortage.答案：Struck　过去分词短语在该句中作原因状语。7．Thequestion________willtakehisplaceisstillnotclear.答案：who　who引导同位语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“……的人”，从句说明question的内容。8．Theadvantageis________thecostofthismethodislow.答案：that　设空处引导表语从句在从句中不作成分，无语义，只起连接作用，故填that。9．Ican't________(undertake)thatyouwillwinintheelection.答案：undertake　由空前的情态动词can可知应填动词原形。Ican'tundertakethat...“我无法承诺……”。10．Youcanusemycomputeroncondition________youreturnittomorrow.答案：that　onconditionthat...“条件是……；只要……”。三、完形填空。I'msittingattheairportwatchingpeopleinthelastminutesbeforetheirlovedonesarriveordepart.Awomanisrunning,incirclestryingtogatherfamilymemberstogetherfora__1__.Whenthefinalmomentcomesbefore__2__，shewrapsherarmsaroundherson,givinghima__3__hugthatshouldprotecthimuntilhe__4__.Isitwithabookinmyhands,waitingmyturntoleave__5__becausetheonesIlovehaveadifferent__6__frommine.Ithinkofotherdeparturesandarrivals.I__7__seeingmydaughter.Iwrappedmyselfaroundherasifshe'dbeen__8__.Thatyearshewasinherfirstyearatuniversity,cominghomeforthefirsttime.Todaymyflightistwohourslate.Whenmyflightis__9__called,Igathermybookandluggage.__10__thereisnoonetoseemeoff,Idonot__11__tosee7\nwhereIhavecomefrom.__12__，Ithinkofmyhusbandatwork__13__ifIhaveleftyet.AsIheadtowardstheplane,Ifindmyself__14__yetanotherarrivalanddeparture.Thatyear,my91yearoldgrandfatherdied.Afterreturningfromhisfuneral,Iarrivedattheairport__15__.Myhusbandofonlyayearwaswaitingatthegatetotakemeinhisarms.Becauseofmytears,__16__waslookingatus,butIdidn't__17__.Lifeneedstheimportant__18__allthetime.Iwishthatallthepeoplewhowentona__19__couldcomebacktofindsomeone__20__them.Ialsowishtheycouldleavewithsomeonetoseethemoff.【文章大意】　作者在机场看到迎接与送行的场景，回忆起与女儿和丈夫的温馨往事，意识到人生中需要欢聚与离别这些重要的时刻。1．A.lectureB．goodbyeC．dinnerD．party答案与解析：B'结合上文中出现的“arriveordepart”和下文中的“thefinalmoment”可知，空处应该是一个告别(goodbye)的场景，故选B。2．A.gatheringB．boardingC．announcingD．landing答案与解析：B'根据语境可知，此处表示登机(boarding)前最后的时刻，故选B。3．A.powerfulB．gentleC．warmD．common答案与解析：A'结合下文中的“protecthim”可知，母亲在儿子登机前给他一个强有力的(powerful)拥抱，故选A。gentle“温柔的”；warm“温暖的”；common“共同的，普遍的”。4．A.leavesB．survivesC．returnsD．recovers答案与解析：C'根据语境可知，快要登机的时候，母亲给了儿子一个强有力的拥抱，自然是盼望儿子能一路平安并平安归来，故选C。leave“离开”；survive“幸存，艰难渡过”；recover“恢复”。5．A.frightenedB．anxiousC．relaxedD．alone答案与解析：D'根据空后的“...becausetheonesIlovehaveadifferent'6'frommine.”和下文中的“thereisnoonetoseeme7\noff”可知，作者是一个人(alone)，没有人来为她送行，所以选D。frightened“害怕的，受惊的”；anxious“焦虑的，渴望的”；relaxed“放松的”。6．A.scheduleB．attitudeC．positionD．target答案与解析：A'根据语境可知，作者一个人离开是因为所爱之人都有不同的日程安排。schedule“日程安排，计划表”符合语境，故选A。7．A.imagineB．enjoyC．recallD．consider答案与解析：C'结合语境可知，作者回忆起(recall)女儿上大学第一次回家的往事，所以选C项。8．A.stolenB．cheatedC．lostD．punished答案与解析：C'根据语境可知，作者一把抱住女儿，好像她走失了很久。lost“丢失的，遗失的”符合语境。故选C。9．A.punctuallyB．finallyC．abruptlyD．repeatedly答案与解析：B'结合语境可知，作者等待很久之后，所乘的航班终于(finally)通知登机了，故选B。punctually“准时地”；abruptly“突然地”；repeatedly“反复地”。10．A.AlthoughB．WhileC．TillD．Since答案与解析：D'根据语境可知，“'10'thereisnoonetoseemeoff”和“Idonot'11'toseewhereIhavecomefrom”是因果关系，所以空处应用Since“因为，既然”。11．A.slowdownB．getoffC．lookbackD．runaway答案与解析：C'既然没有人来送行，作者不需要回头张望(lookback)。slowdown“放慢，减速”；getoff“下车，离开”；runaway“突然离开，逃离”。12．A.HoweverB．BesidesC．InsteadD．Therefore答案与解析：C'结合语境可知，作者没有回头张望，相反地，作者想的是，还在上班的丈夫不知道作者是否已经离开。故选C项。13．A.doubtingB．askingC．predictingD．wondering答案与解析：D'参见上题解析。wonderif...“不知道是否……”符合语境，故选D。14．A.rememberingB．forgettingC．planningD．rejecting7\n答案与解析：A'结合语境可知，作者发现自己记得(remembering)另一件以前的迎接与送行，故选A。15．A.shoutingB．cryingC．laughingD．whispering答案与解析：B'结合下文中的“Becauseofmytears”可知，此处应用crying。shout“大喊，喊叫”；laugh“大笑，笑”；whisper“低语，悄声说”。16．A.someoneB．everyoneC．noneD．anyone答案与解析：B'此处指的是，因为作者哭泣，每个人(everyone)都在看着作者和她的丈夫。故选B。17．A.careB．respondC．scoldD．flee答案与解析：A'虽然大家都在看，但是作者并不在意(care)，故选A。respond“回复，作出反应”；scold“训斥，责骂”；flee“逃离”。18．A.arrivalB．chanceC．departureD．moment答案与解析：D'根据语境可知，人生中一直需要这样重要的时刻(moment)，故选D。arrival“到达”；chance“机会”；departure“离开”。19．A.journeyB．dietC．picnicD．holiday答案与解析：A'根据语境可知，作者希望所有出行(journey)的人回来时都能看到有人在等待(waitingfor)他们。故选A。20．A.worryingaboutB．smilingatC．talkingofD．waitingfor答案与解析：D'参见上题解析。四、单句改错1．Thestoryhetoldthepolicedifferedintheonehetoldhismother.____________________________________________________答案：in→from　differfrom...“和……不同”。2．Owedtoherassistance,wesucceededinstartingtheengine._____________________________________________________答案：Owed→Owing　owingto...“因为……；由于……”，为固定用法。3．Itsuddenlystrucktomethatweshouldmakeanewplan._____________________________________________________7\n答案：去掉to　Itstrikessb.that...“某人突然想起……”。4．MymothermakesapromiseifIpassedtheexam,shewouldbuymeawatch.____________________________________________________答案：promise后加that　该句为that引导的同位语从句，that虽不作成分，但也不能省略。5．Encouragingbythespeech,theyoungmanmadeuphismindtotakeupthestruggle.____________________________________________________答案：Encouraging→Encouraged　主语theyoungman与encourage之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作状语。7