2022版高考英语一轮基础习选题Unit3Underthesea含解析新人教版选修7

Unit3Underthesea李仕才一、阅读理解。Grandparentswhohelpoutoccasionallywithchildcareintheircommunitytendtolivelongerthanseniorswhodonotcareforotherpeople，accordingtoastudyfromBerlin，Germany.“Havingnocontactwithgrandchildrenatallcannegativelyimpactgrandparents'health.Thislinkcouldbedeeplyrootedinourevolutionarypastwhenhelpwithchildcarewasimportantforthesurvivalofthehumanspecies，”saidSonjaHilbrand，oneoftheresearchers.Thefindingsaredrawnfromdataonmorethan500peopleoverage70.Overall，afteraccountingforgrandparents'ageandgeneralstateofhealth，theriskofdyingovera20yearperiodwasonethirdlowerforgrandparentswhocaredfortheirgrandchildren，comparedwithgrandparentswhoprovidednochildcare.Caregivingwasassociatedwithalongerlifeevenwhenthecarereceiverwasn'tarelative.Halfofallchildlessseniorswhoprovidedsupporttofriendsorneighborslivedforsevenyearsafterthestudybegan，whilenonhelperslivedforfouryearsonaverage.“Caregivingmaygivecaregiversapurposeoflifebecausetheymayfeelusefulforothersandsociety.Caregivingmaybethoughtalsoasanactivitythatkeepscaregiversphysicallyandmentallyactive，”saidProfessorBrunoArpino.Arpinonoted，however,thatcaregivingisnottheonlyactivitythatcanimprovehealthandthattoomanycaringresponsibilitiescantakeawayfromotherbeneficialactivitieslikeworking，beinginsocialclubs，orvolunteering.“Childrenshouldtake_into_accounttheirparents'needs，willingness，anddesiresandagreewiththemonthetimingandamountofchildcare，”hesuggested.“Itisveryimportantthateveryindividualdecidesforhimself/herself,what‘properamountsofhelp'means，”Hilbrandsaid，adding，“Aslongasyoudonotfeelstressedabouttheintensity(强度)ofhelpyouprovideyoumaybedoingsomethinggoodforothersaswellasforyourself.”1．Whatisthecaregivingstudybasedon?A．Humanevolutionaryhistory.B．Demandofmodernsociety.C．Socialcontactbetweenrelatives.8\nD．Dataonmanyelderlypeople.2．InArpino'sopinion，childcare________.A．issuretokeepoldpeopleawayfromillnessesB．allowsoldpeopletoliveamoremeaningfullifeC．createsmorejobopportunitiesforoldpeopleD．makessocialactivitiesinaccessibletooldpeople3．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“takeintoaccount”inParagraph6probablymean?A．Limit.B．Ignore.C．Favor.D．Consider.4．Whatdoesthelastparagraphtellus?A．Grandparentscandoanythingintheirowninterests.B．Grandparentsshouldsharemoresocialresponsibilities.C．Properamountsofchildcaredogoodtograndparents.D．Caregivingguaranteeseverygrandparentalongerlife.【解题导语】德国柏林一项研究发现，祖父母适当地帮忙照顾孙辈比不照顾孙辈的老年人寿命长。难句分析：Overall,afteraccountingforgrandparents'ageandgeneralstateofhealth，theriskofdyingovera20yearperiodwasonethirdlowerforgrandparentswhocaredfortheirgrandchildren,comparedwithgrandparentswhoprovidednochildcare.分析：本句为主从复合句。其中，Overall在此为副词，在句中作状语；after为介词，其后接动名词短语作宾语；两个who均引导定语从句comparedwithgrandparentswho...为过去分词短语作状语。译文：总的来说，在考虑祖父母的年龄和大致的健康状况后，与那些没照顾孙辈的祖父母相比，那些照顾孙辈的祖父母在20年间的死亡风险要低三分之一。1．D　推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句Thefindingsaredrawnfromdataonmorethan500peopleoverage70.可知，这一发现是从对500多个70岁以上的老人的数据分析得来的。故选D项。2．B　推理判断题。根据题干中的Arpino'sopinion定位至文章第五段中的“Caregivingmaygivecaregiversapurposeoflifebecausetheymayfeelusefulforothersandsociety...”可知，看护小孩让看护人觉得生活有了目的，因为他们觉得自己对他人和社会是有用的，也就是说，看护小孩可以使他们感觉生活得有意义。故选B项。3．D　词义猜测题。根据上文中toomanycaringresponsibilitiescantakeawayfromotherbeneficialactivities及后面的“...theirparents'needs，willingness，anddesires8\nandagreewiththemonthetimingandamountofchildcare，”可知，过多的照看责任会使老人无法从事其他有意义的活动，所以孩子应考虑老人的需求、意愿和渴求，同意他们照顾孩子的时间长度和强度的选择。由此可猜测，takeintoaccount意为“考虑”，与consider意义相近。故选D项。4．C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Aslongasyoudonotfeelstressedabouttheintensityofhelpyouprovideyoumaybedoingsomethinggoodforothersaswellasforyourself.”可知，只要你帮忙的强度不会让你感到有压力，这对他人、对你自己都是有好处的。由此可知，适当地照顾小孩对祖父母有好处。故选C项。二、单句语法填空1．Weurgedthatshe________(come)totheparty,butsheprotestedthatshewastootired.答案：(should)come　urge“强烈要求”后跟从句时，从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。2．Thepeopleintheearthquakestrickenareaarein________(urge)needoffood,medicineandshelters.答案：urgent　inurgentneedof...“急需……”。3．Hehasbeenwitness________aterriblemurder.答案：to　be(a)witnesstosth.“是某事的目击者”。4．Thepeoplehadleftbeforethesoldierscametothe________(abandon)village.答案：abandoned　abandoned为形容词“被遗弃的；废弃的”，在句中修饰名词village。5．Everybodyisaware________theimportanceoflearning.答案：of　be/becomeawareof...“意识到……”。6．WhenIreflect________myschooldays,Irealizehowmucheasierthingsarefortoday'schildren.答案：on　reflecton“认真思考；回想”。7．Tobeabraveman,youshouldnotbescared________danger.答案：of　bescaredof...“害怕……”。8．Didyouseethatboy________(question)bythepolice?答案：beingquestioned　seesb.doingsth.“看到某人正在做某事”，又因为question与thatboy存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用beingquestioned。此处意为正在受盘问。8\n9．Itwasatime________mostpeopledidnotknowhowtooperateacomputer.答案：when　Itwasatimewhen...“曾经一度(那时)……”，为固定句式，when引导定语从句，在从句中作时间状语。10．Youhavetotrustyourmindthatit'lltakeyou________youwanttogo.答案：where　where在该句中引导地点状语从句，表述你的头脑会带你去你想去的地方。三、完形填空。EachyeararoundChristmastime,Ithinkbacktothehomelessdogthatappearedatthefamilyfarm.Hisvisitbecameagiftof__1__thatmyfamilystilltalksabout.ItwasafewdaysafterChristmasin1999.A__2__dogwanderedontothefrontporch(走廊)and__3__inasifhe'dlivedhereallhislife.Hequicklydecidedthathis__4__wastoguardthehouseagainstsquirrels.Everytimehesaw__5__，he'dboundoffpastthegardentothetrees,__6__atthetopofhislungs.Thenhe'dwalkbacktohispositiononthe__7__，evervigilant(警惕的)．Inside,thehousewasfullof__8__.My91yearoldfatherinlaw,JimCravens,wasseriouslyill.Thefamilyhadall__9__toseetohiscare,tocookandtowelcome__10__.Jimandhiswife,Dorothy,werebelovedonesofthecommunity(社区).Wheneveranyone__11__thehousetodoanythingorwalknextdoortomybrotherinlaw'shouse,theblackdogfollowed.Hewould__12__waituntilweweredone,followushome__13__liedownontheporch.This__14__visitorgaveussomethingnewtotalkabout.Whosedogwashe?Didsomeone__15__alongtheroad?Didhe__16__tostay?Anyway,itwouldbedarksoon,andhewouldbe__17__onthewinternight.Jimsatintherockingchairbythefrontwindowwherehecould__18__thehappyblackdog'scomingsandgoings.My__19__saidhewantedtolivelongenoughtoseethenewmillennium(千禧年),andhedid.He__20__awayonJanuary2.Thatwasthedaytheblackdogleft.Laterweheardthathewasarescueddogaboutamileandahalffromthefarm.TheynamedhimBogart.【文章大意】'本文主要讲述了一只无家可归的狗来到作者家并给作者家带来慰藉的故事。1．A.surpriseB．comfortC．disasterD．decision8\n答案与解析：B　根据全文内容可推知，这只狗给全家人带来了安慰，故选B。2．A.whiteB．yellowC．blackD．brown答案与解析：C　根据下文第12空前的“theblackdogfollowed”可知，那只狗是黑色的。3．A.settledB．walkedC．ranD．slept答案与解析：A　根据空后的“asifhe'dlivedhereallhislife”可推知，无家可归的狗在走廊安顿下来，感觉就像它一直待在那里一样。settle表示“使处于舒适的位置，安顿”。settlein表示“安顿下来，适应于新家”。4．A.thoughtB．methodC．viewD．job答案与解析：D　根据空后的“wastoguardthehouseagainstsquirrels”可推知，此处表示“它的职责”。5．A.oneB．itC．thatD．this答案与解析：A　根据语境可知，此处应用one指代一只松鼠。6．A.barkingB．singingC．readingD．laughing答案与解析：A　与上文的“toguardthehouseagainstsquirrels”呼应可知，狗看到松鼠就叫。bark表示“(狗)吠叫”。7．A.groundB．porchC．tableD．carpet答案与解析：B　与上文的“dogwanderedontothefrontporch(走廊)”呼应可知，此处指狗又回到了走廊。8．A.joyB．sadnessC．shockD．excitement答案与解析：B　根据下文的“My91yearoldfatherinlaw，JimCravens,wasseriouslyill”可推知，当时家里因为老人的重病而充满忧伤。9．A.waitedB．movedC．gatheredD．left答案与解析：C　根据“Thefamilyhadall”和“seetohiscare，tocook”可推知，家里人聚在一起来看护老人。gather“聚集”。10．A.doctorsB．passengers8\nC．readersD．visitors答案与解析：D　根据语境可推知，此处表示欢迎来探望的人。11．A.boughtB．enteredC．leftD．rented答案与解析：C　根据下文中的“walknextdoortomybrotherinlaw'shouse”可推知，此处表示的是“当有人离开时”。12．A.hopefullyB．anxiouslyC．hurriedlyD．patiently答案与解析：D　根据下文的“waituntilweweredone”可知，狗很有耐心。13．A.andB．orC．butD．yet答案与解析：A　根据语境可知，wait，follow和liedown是一系列的动作，故用连词and。14．A.happyB．curiousC．eagerD．fearful答案与解析：B　根据下文的几个疑问句可推知，这只狗引起了大家的好奇，空处与“gaveussomethingnewtotalkabout”呼应。15．A.pickhimupB．drivehimbackC．drophimoffD．turnhimdown答案与解析：C　根据上文的“thehomelessdog”可知，大家猜测这只狗是不是被人丢弃的，故选C。16．A.pretendB．agreeC．intendD．need答案与解析：C　根据下文的“Anyway，itwouldbedarksoon,andhewouldbe__17__onthewinternight”可推知，大家对这只狗接下来的安置有所担忧，所以有了“他打算留下来吗？”的疑问。17．A.sorryB．hotC．warmD．cold答案与解析：D　根据空后的“onthewinternight”可知，冬天夜里是寒冷的。18．A.watchB．hearC．feelD．imagine答案与解析：A　根据空后的“thehappyblackdog'scomingsandgoings”可知，此处表示“看到这只快乐的黑狗的进进出出”。19．A.fatherB．fatherinlaw8\nC．brotherD．brotherinlaw答案与解析：B　根据上文中的“My91yearoldfatherinlaw，JimCravens，wasseriouslyill”可推知，病重的岳父想活过新的千禧年。20．A.ranB．diedC．wentD．passed答案与解析：D　根据上文提到老人活过了新的千禧年并结合下文的“awayonJanuary2”可知，应选D。passaway意为“去世”。四、单句改错1．Atruckcameinanoppositedirectionofthecar,sothecardrivermadeasharplyturn.______________________________________________________答案：sharply→sharp　sharp“急转弯的，方向骤变的”，修饰名词turn,asharpturn“一个急转弯”。2．Judgingfromthefurnitureintheroom,thebuildinghasabandonedforanumberofyears.______________________________________________________答案：has后加been　building与abandon之间为被动关系，现在完成时的被动语态结构为have/hasbeendone，故应加been。3．Iwasabouttogooutwhilesuddenlyitbegantorain.______________________________________________________答案：while→when　beabouttodo...when...“正要做……这时……”。4．HaveyoureadthenovelreflectedthelifeoftheChinesedoctors?______________________________________________________答案：reflected→reflecting　thenovel与reflect之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应将过去分词reflected改为现在分词reflecting,现在分词短语在该句中充当后置定语修饰novel。5．Hewasscaredtodieofcatchingadiseasesohe'drunofftowashhishandsafterheshookhandswithanybody.______________________________________________________答案：die→death　bescaredtodeath“吓得要死”，为固定短语。五、七选五8\n8