2022版高考英语一轮基础习选题Unit1Livingwell含解析新人教版选修7

Unit1Livingwell李仕才一、阅读理解Kandareallydoesn'tliketowalkalone.Thescientistfromaresearchinstituteofintelligentrobotsfindstheexperiencesoboringthathe'dratherdrive—eventhoughhelivesclosetohislabandknowsthatwalkingishealthy.“Ienjoywalkingwithsomeone，likewithmywife，withmydaughter，”Kandasaid.“Buttheyarenotalwaysavailable.”SoKanda，whospecializesinhumanlikebots，developedaroboticwalkingpartnerthatcouldmakesmalltalkbasedonitssurroundings，which，hehopes，mightmotivatepeopletogetoutandexercisemore.Thebotrestsonaperson'sshoulderlikeaboxyparrot.Itweighsaboutapoundandahalfandsitsroughly8.5incheshigh，andis3.5incheswideand10incheslong.Amicrophone，aspeaker，andaninternalcameraallowittocommunicate.It'sevenequippedwithasmile.Kandaandhisteamcollectedvideofromfivedifferentlocations，includingagardenandashoppingmall，andcreatedadatasetofsmalltalktopicsrelatedtoeachlocation.Thentheyprogrammedtherobottoassociatevisualcueswithspecifictopics.Aspecialspeechsoftwareprovidedtherobotwithavoice.Nearagroupofparkedcars，forexample，itmightsay，“Inabigparkinglot，sometimesIforgetwhereIparked.”Theytestedtheroboton15volunteers,10malesand5females，whowerepaidandaveragedabout26yearsold.“Haveyoueverblownapuffofdandelion(蒲公英)seedsintotheair？”Therobotaskedaparticipant，whosmiledandresponded，“Yes,IoftendidthatwhenIwasachild.”Althoughseveralparticipantsnotedtherobot'sweight，Kandawassurprisedthatnooneconsideredtheexperiencestrangeorfunny.“Iguesspeopleenjoynewtechnologies，”hesaid.Justlikeahumanpartner，Kanda'sbotisn'tperfect.It'snotabletogoforwalksinheavyrainand，whiletherobotcanmakeexpressions，itcan'treallyholdaconversation，aboutwhichKandaismostworried.Despiteitslimits，Kandawascomfortedbythebot'spresence.“Ifeltakindofsenseofbeingwithsomeone，”hesaid，“particularlywhenitspoke.”1．WhydoesKandahavetheideaofdevelopingaroboticwalkingpartner?A．Becausehewantssomeonetoaccompanyhimwhilewalking.B．Becausehehasneverdevelopedarobotlikeaparrot.9\nC．Becausehisfamilyareunwillingtowalkwithhim.D．Becauseheiscrazyaboutdevelopingrobots.2．Whatcharacteristicdoestherobothave?A．Itcan“speak”and“see”．B．Itcanwalklikeahumanbeing.C．Itcancommunicatewithpeoplefreely.D．Itismuchmorehumorousthanarealperson.3．Whatisnecessaryfortherobottofunction?A．Asmallsize.B．Aboxyshape.C．Ahumanpartner.D．Aspeechsoftware.4．WhatisKandamostlikelytodoabouthisrobotnext?A．Tomakeitmoreconvenienttocarry.B．Toimproveitsconversationalskills.C．Toenableittowalkinheavyrain.D．Tobetteritssoundsystem.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了新研发的陪人散步的机器人。【难句分析】SoKanda,whospecializesinhumanlikebots,developedaroboticwalkingpartnerthatcouldmakesmalltalkbasedonitssurroundings，which，hehopes，mightmotivatepeopletogetout.andexercisemore.分析：本句是一个复合句。who引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词Kanda;that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词aroboticwalkingpartner；which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰前面的整个分句。译文：因此专门研究类人机器人的Kanda发明了一个可以陪人们散步的机器人，这个机器人能够基于周围的环境和人闲谈，他希望这样可以激发人们走出去，多锻炼。1．A　考查细节理解。根据第一段的“‘Ienjoywalkingwithsomeone，likewithmywife，withmydaughter，'Kandasaid.‘Buttheyarenotalwaysavailable.’”可知，Kanda发明陪人散步的机器人的原因是想找个人在他散步时陪他，故选A。2．A　考查推理判断。根据第二段倒数第二句“Amicrophone，aspeaker,andaninternalcameraallowittocommunicate”以及第三段的“Thentheyprogrammed...withavoice”可推知，这种机器人可以说话还可以看，故选A。10．D　考查细节理解。根据第二段倒数第二句“Amicrophone，aspeaker，andaninternalcameraallowittocommunicate”和第三段的“Thentheyprogrammed...Aspecialspeechsoftwareprovidedtherobotwithavoice”可知，这种机器人是要配备麦克风、扬声器、内置摄像头以及特殊的语音软件的，故选D。9\n3．B　考查推理判断。根据最后一段第二句的“itcan'treallyholdaconversation,aboutwhichKandaismostworried”并结合全文的内容可推知，接下来Kanda将要改善的是机器人的交流技能，故选B。二、单句语法填空1．Sheadaptedherselfquickly________theclimatethere.答案：to　adapt...to...“使……适应……”。2．Afterthemeeting,themanageraskedhimtoexplainhis________(absent)．答案：absence　absence“缺席；不在”；absent“不在的；缺席的”。由空前的his可知应填名词absence。3．Isthereanysoundmore________(annoy)thanthewhineofamosquito?答案：annoying　annoying“恼人的；烦人的；使人不高兴的”，常用来描述事物的特性；annoyed“感到恼火的；觉得生气的”，常描述人的心理状态。此处指声音的特点“令人心烦”可知应填annoying。4．I'dliketocongratulateyou________yourwonderfulperformance.答案：on　congratulatesb.onsth.“就……向某人表示祝贺”。5．Thesurvey________(conduct)bythecompanyshowsthereisalargeincreaseincustomersatisfactionthisyear.答案：conducted　conduct与主语survey之间为被动关系，故应填过去分词conducted充当其后置定语。6．Alltheroomsinthisbuildingaresowelldesignedthattheyare________(access)tothedisabled.答案：accessible　beaccessibleto“……可接近/可靠近/可使用的”。7．Thedirectorwasfullyconvincedthatthismovingstory,if________(adapt)fortelevision,wouldbeahit.答案：adapted　adapt“适应；改编”。所给动词与其逻辑主语story之间为被动关系，故填过去分词。8．Mygrandfatheroftengoestothecountryside,becausehethinksastaytherewillbe________(benefit)tohishealth.答案：beneficial　bebeneficialto...“对……有益”。9．Withouthis________(encourage)tome,Iwouldhavebeendefeatedinthegame.答案：encouragement　此处用名词encouragement“鼓励”作介词without的宾语。10．________(ambitious)playsanimportantroleinourdailylife,because9\nitisaguideforustomakedecisionsandchoices.答案：Ambition　句中缺主语，故应填名词ambition充当主语。且作“雄心，野心”讲时，为不可数名词。三、完形填空。WhenIwasateenager,weweretheonlyfamilyinourNewYorktownthatdidn'townacar.Andhavingnocarwas__1__becauseallmyfriends'parentsdid.Wewerepoor.Suddenlyamomentarrived__2__mylifeforever.ForweeksanewBuickRoadmaster__3__inthewindowofthebiggeststoreonthemainstreet.Now,onthespecialnight,Istayedintheshadowsattheedgeofthecrowdwaitingforthewinning__4__tobedrawn.Ithadneverevenenteredmymindthatwewould__5__.Buttheloudspeakercalledmyfather'sname!__6__Iwormedmywayuptotheplatform,themayorhadpresentedDadwiththe__7__，andhehaddrivenoffamid__8__.Iran__9__.MymothermetmeandtoldmethatmyfatherhadaskedJim,hisboss,ifhewantedtobuyaticket.Jimsaidyesandmydad__10__twoticketsinhisownnamewithhisownmoney,__11__348forJimandthewinningnumberwas348insteadof__12__one349.“Yourfatherisstrugglingwitha(n)__13__problem.ButIthinkifyouhavecharacter,youhavethebetterpartof__14__andIknowyourfatherwilldowhatisright，”mymothersaid__15__.Atlastwe__16__Dad'ssteponthefrontporch.Iheldmy__17__.Hewentstraighttothe__18__inthediningroomanddialed.Jim'sphonerangforalongtime...__19__overtheyears,Iknownowwewerenever__20__thanwewereatthemomentwhenDadmadethetelephonecall.【文章大意】　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了“我”年少时父亲所做的一件正确的事。1.A．relaxingB．shamingC．worryingD．pleasing答案与解析：B'根据该句中的“becauseallmyfriends'parentsdid”可知，“我”所有的朋友的父母都有车；据此可以判断，没有车是令人羞愧的(shaming)。A项意为“令人放松的”，C项意为“令人担心的”，D项意为“令人高兴的”，都与语境不符。2.A．savingB．improvingC．riskingD．changing9\n答案与解析：D'根据下文可知，“我”的父亲中彩了，赢得了车；据此可以判断，这一突如其来的时刻改变(changing)了“我”的人生。A项意为“挽救”，B项意为“改善”，C项意为“冒险”，都与语境不符。3.A．hadstoodB．hadbeenonsaleC．hadperformedD．hadbeenunderrepair答案与解析：A'根据该句中的“anewBuickRoadmaster'3'inthewindowofthebiggeststoreonthemainstreet”并结合下文对父亲中彩的描述可知，一辆新的别克轿车停(hadstood)在主街道最大的商店的橱窗里作为获奖者的奖品。4.A．teamB．guyC．ticketD．boss答案与解析：C'根据语境并结合第三段最后一句中的“tickets”可知，“我”在人群的边缘等候获奖的票(ticket)被抽出。A项意为“团队”，B项意为“家伙”，D项意为“老板”，都与语境不符。5.A．jumpB．failC．strikeD．win答案与解析：D'根据后一句“Buttheloudspeakercalledmyfather'sname！”可知，但是扩音器里呼叫“我”父亲的姓名；据此可以判断，“我”从来没有想到我们会获奖(win)，故D项正确。A项意为“跳跃”，B项意为“失败”，C项意为“撞击”，都与语境不符。6.A．AssoonasB．BecauseC．BythetimeD．Although答案与解析：C'根据该句中的“themayorhadpresentedDadwith”可以判断，等“我”费力登上平台时，市长已经将车钥匙交给了“我”的父亲。bythetime意为“到……时”，故C项正确。A项意为“一……就……”，B项意为“因为”，D项意为“尽管”，都与语境不符。7.A．dollarsB．keysC．medalsD．tickets答案与解析：B'根据该句中的“hehaddrivenoffamid__8__”可知，市长将轿车的钥匙(keys)颁给了他，他在一片欢呼声中驾车而去。A项意为“美元”，C项意为“奖牌”，D项意为“票”，都与语境不符。8.A．shoutsB．prayersC．noisesD．cheers答案与解析：D'参见上题解析。A项意为“喊叫声”；B项意为“祈祷”；C项意为“噪音”。9.A．homeB．downtown9\nC．tomyfriendsD．totheplatform答案与解析：A'根据后一句中的“Mymothermetme”可知，母亲遇到了“我”；据此可以判断，“我”跑回了家(home)。10.A．savedB．boughtC．bookedD．printed答案与解析：B'根据前一句中的“ifhewantedtobuyaticket”可知，“我”的父亲询问过Jim是否要购买彩票；据此可以判断，“我”的父亲购买(bought)了两张彩票。A项意为“挽救”；C项意为“预订”；D项意为“打印”。11.A．callingB．writingC．markingD．bringing答案与解析：C'根据该句中的“348forJim”可知，父亲在348号彩票上标注(marking)了Jim的名字，故C项正确。A项意为“呼叫”，B项意为“书写”，D项意为“带来”，都与语境不符。12.A．theotherB．anotherC．theluckyD．other答案与解析：A'根据该句中的“twotickets”可知，父亲共买了两张票；据此可知，该处表示另一张是349号。A项表示“两者中的另一个”，符合语境。13.A．embarrassingB．mentalC．puzzlingD．moral答案与解析：D'根据语境可知，父亲在思考是否将以自己的钱和名义为Jim购买的彩票所中的汽车给Jim，故这是一个道德上的(moral)问题。A项意为“令人尴尬的”，B项意为“精神的”，C项意为“令人困惑的”，都与语境不符。14.A．wealthB．povertyC．healthD．belief答案与解析：A'根据该句中的“ButIthinkifyouhavecharacter,youhavethebetterpartof”可以判断，如果你有好的品格，你就拥有人生财富(wealth)中更好的部分，故A项正确。B项意为“贫穷”，C项意为“健康”，D项意为“信念”，都与语境不符。15.A．withangerB．excitedlyC．calmlyD．withanxiety答案与解析：C'根据该句中的“andIknowyourfatherwilldowhatisright”可知，母亲相信父亲会做正确的事；据此可以判断，母亲平静地(calmly)说，故C项正确。A项意为“愤怒地”，B项意为“兴奋地”，D项意为“焦虑地”，都与语境不符。16.A．sawB．heardC．followedD．found9\n答案与解析：B'根据该句中的“Dad'ssteponthefrontporch”可知，最后我们听到(heard)了父亲走向门廊的声音。17.A．armsB．mouthC．eyesD．breath答案与解析：D'根据语境可知，“我”注意着父亲的一举一动；据此可以判断，“我”屏住了呼吸(breath)。18.A．phoneB．cupC．ticketD．window答案与解析：A'根据该句中的“anddialed”可知，他径直走向餐厅里的电话(phone)，故A项正确。19.A．LookingoutB．LookingupC．LookingbackD．Lookingin答案与解析：C'根据语境可知，此处表示回顾(Lookingback)这几年，“我”现在知道我们从来没有比父亲打电话的那一刻更富有过，故C项正确。A项意为“当心，留神”；B项意为“查阅，向上看”；D项意为“短暂探访”。20.A．poorerB．richerC．morefoolishD．moreclever答案与解析：B'参见上题解析。A项意为“更贫穷”，C项意为“更愚蠢”，D项意为“更聪明”，都与语境不符。四、单句改错1．Iwasoutofthebreathafterrunning1,600metres.______________________________________________________答案：去掉the　outofbreath“上气不接下气”。2．Youdon'twanttobemadefunandneitherdoothers.______________________________________________________答案：fun后加of　makefunof“取笑”。3．Thescientistaswellashisassistantsweredoinganexperimentinthelabthen.______________________________________________________答案：were→was　当主语后面接由aswellas构成的词组时，谓语动词的形式要依主语的单复数而定。4．Englishissodifficultforhimtolearn.______________________________________________________9\n答案：so→too　too＋adj.＋(forsb.)＋todo...“(对某人来说)太……而不能……”。5．Weofferourcongratulationtoyouonyourwinningtheprize.______________________________________________________答案：congratulation→congratulations　congratulation“祝贺”，常用复数形式。五、七选五Whichismuchmoresignificanttoyouwhenyouarefindingajob？Workingexperienceoranadvanceddegree？Well，Ibelievediversepeoplehavedifferentanswers.1Herearesomereasons：Aboveall，mostofjobsdon'trequiresuchahighdegree，whichmeansjustsomework，suchastheoreticalphysics，archaeology，orliterature，needshighacademicqualification.2Forexample，whenyouareofferingadepartmentmanagerpost，andthereisamanwhohasalreadybeenamanagerforthreeyearsbutonlyhasamaster'sdegreeandaninexperiencedpersonwithadoctor'sdegree，whichonewouldyouchoose？Definitelythefirstoneforthemanagerwhodoesn'tacquireadoctor'sdegreebuthasrichworkingexperience.3Forinstance，BillGates，whowastherichestmanintheworldandoneofthemostsuccessfulmerchants.Whatawisechoicewhenhedecidedtoabandonstudyingsothathecouldgainmoreworkingexperienceinsteadofadoctor'sdegree！OrStevePaulJobs，whodiscontinuedhisstudyattheageofnineteeninordertobecomeamemberofacomputercompanyjustlikeBillGates.45Maybeyoushouldn'thavetogainanadvancedorhighdegree，butthatdoesn'tmeannothing.Probablyabachelor'sdegreeisstillnecessaryinthisfiercelycompetitivesociety.Allinall，Ithinkrichworkingexperienceismuchmoreimportantthananadvanceddegree.A．However，adegreeisstillrequiredformostpeople.B．Meanwhile，richworkingexperiencewilldrawmoreattention.C．Secondly，plentyofexperiencewillbringyousuccessmuchearlier.D．Inmyview，eitherworkingexperienceoranadvanceddegreecounts.9\nE．Asforme，Iwillsayworkingexperiencewithouthesitation.F．Asamatteroffact，morepeoplewithrichworkingexperiencebecomesuccessful.G．Fromallofthese，wecanseethatanadvanceddegreeisn'tsonecessaryasworkingexperience.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。论述了工作经验是工作成功的最重要的因素这一论点。1．E　[根据空处位置可知，空处承上启下，根据该段第二句“Workingexperienceoranadvanceddegree？”可知，空处提出自己的观点并引出下文，故E项与此处匹配。]2．B　[根据本段最后一句“Definitelythefirstoneforthemanagerwhodoesn'tacquireadoctor'sdegreebuthasrichworkingexperience.”并结合空后所列举的例子可知，该例旨在证明丰富的工作经验在应聘时更受欢迎，故B项与此处匹配。]3．C　[根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为本段的主题句；根据本段列举的比尔·盖茨放弃学业创业成功和乔布斯在十九岁时辍学这两个例子可以判断，本段旨在说明丰富的工作经验能促使人早日成功，故C项正确。]4．G　[根据该空所在的位置可知，该空总结本段大意；由空前列举的比尔·盖茨和乔布斯这两个例子可以判断，高学历不如工作经验重要，故G项正确。]5．A　[根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为本段的主题句；由本段最后一句“Probablyabachelor'sdegreeisstillnecessaryinthisfiercelycompetitivesociety.”可知，在这个竞争激烈的社会中，学历仍然是有必要的。据此可以判断，本段主要陈述学历对于大部分人来说还是需要的，故A项正确。]9