2022版高考英语一轮基础达标选题Unit1Livingwell含解析新人教版选修7

Unit1Livingwell李仕才一、阅读理解 HillaryClintonpromisedOnOctober30,2022thatshewouldnotbe“knockedoffcourse”intheelection'sfinaldays,asshesoughttopushpastanewFBIemailinquirythatdeliveredalatejolt(震动)toherraceagainstRepublicanDonaldTrump.   “I'mnotstoppingnow,we'rejustgettingwarmedup,”Clintondeclaredduringapackedrally(集会)withsupportersinFlorida.“We'renotgoingtobedistracted,nomatterwhatouropponentsthrowatus.”   TrumpcampaignedinLasVegasataclubownedbybillionaireGOPmajordonorSheldonAdelsonandaccusedtheJusticeDepartment,withoutofferingevidence,oftryingtoprotectClintonfollowingtheFBI'sdiscoveryofnewemailsthatcouldberelatedtoitsinvestigationintoClinton'suseofaprivateemailserver.   “Hillaryhasnobodybutherselftoblameforhermountinglegalproblems,”Trumpsaidduringarally.   Meanwhile,federalinvestigatorssecuredawarrant(权证)toexaminethenewlydiscoveredemailsrelatedtoHillaryClinton'sprivateserver,mediareportedonSunday,asaprominentDemocrataccusedFBIDirectorJamesComeyofbreakingthelawbytryingtoinfluencetheelection.   ThewarrantwillallowtheFBItoexaminetheemailstoseeiftheyarerelevanttoitsinvestigationintotheprivateemailserverusedforgovernmentworkbyClinton,theDemocraticpresidentialnominee,whileshewassecretaryofstatefrom2022to2022.   ComeycameunderheavypressurefromDemocratsonSundaytoquicklyprovidedetailsoftheemails,asClintonalliesworriedthecontroversycouldextendbeyondtheNov8electionandcastashadowoveraClintontransitionifshewinstheWhiteHouse.8\n   Comey'sdisclosureoftheemaildiscoveryinalettertoCongressonFridayplunged(使陷入)thefinaldaysoftheWhiteHouseracebetweenClintonandRepublicanDonaldTrumpintoastateofconfusionanddisorder.   SenateDemocraticLeaderHarryReidsentalettertoComeyonSundaysuggestingheviolatedtheHatchAct,whichbanstheuseofafederalgovernmentpositiontoinfluenceanelection.1.WhatisJamesComey?A.SenateDemocraticLeader.B.AprominentDemocrat.C.FBIDirector.D.HeadoftheJusticeDepartment.2.WhathasFBImadeadiscoveryof?A.Clinton'sprivateletterswrittentoaforeigncountry.B.Clinton'sacceptingalotofmoneyfromabusinessman.C.Clinton'sbadhealthconditionsthatmayaffectheradministration.D.Clinton'snewemailsthroughtheuseofaprivateemailserver.3.Thepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword“controversy”inPara.7is________.A.asuccessfulendingofastruggleorcontestB.alotofargumentaboutsomethingC.theabilityandstrengthtodoactivephysicalthingsD.somethingnewanddifficultwhichrequiresgreateffortanddetermination4.Thebesttitleforthenewsreportcanbe“________”.A.Clintonpromisestostaycourse,TrumpboostedB.TrumpaccusestheJusticeDepartmentoftryingtoprotectClintonC.TrumpsaysHillaryshouldblameforhermountinglegalproblemsD.WhiteHouseracebetweenClintonandRepublicanDonaldTrump参考答案：1.C;2.D;3.B;4.A解析：1.[事实判断题。根据是第五段:asaprominentDemocrataccusedFBIDirectorJamesComeyofbreakingthelawbytryingtoinfluencetheelection。]2.[细节理解题。根据第三段:…followingtheFBI'sdiscoveryofnewemailsthatcouldberelatedtoitsinvestigationintoClinton'suseofaprivateemail8\nserver可得答案。]3.[词义猜测题。根据前文克林顿和特朗普竞争美国总统互相攻击以及该词前的worried和该词后的couldextendbeyondtheNov8election可知该词是“争议”的意思。]4.[标题猜测题。根据全文如开头:HillaryClintonpromisedonOctober30thatshewouldnotbe“knockedoffcourse”intheelection'sfinaldays等可知答案。]二、单句语法填空1．Sheadaptedherselfquickly________theclimatethere.答案：to　adapt...to...“使……适应……”。2．Afterthemeeting,themanageraskedhimtoexplainhis________(absent)．答案：absence　absence“缺席；不在”；absent“不在的；缺席的”。由空前的his可知应填名词absence。3．Isthereanysoundmore________(annoy)thanthewhineofamosquito?答案：annoying　annoying“恼人的；烦人的；使人不高兴的”，常用来描述事物的特性；annoyed“感到恼火的；觉得生气的”，常描述人的心理状态。此处指声音的特点“令人心烦”可知应填annoying。4．I'dliketocongratulateyou________yourwonderfulperformance.答案：on　congratulatesb.onsth.“就……向某人表示祝贺”。5．Thesurvey________(conduct)bythecompanyshowsthereisalargeincreaseincustomersatisfactionthisyear.答案：conducted　conduct与主语survey之间为被动关系，故应填过去分词conducted充当其后置定语。6．Alltheroomsinthisbuildingaresowelldesignedthattheyare________(access)tothedisabled.答案：accessible　beaccessibleto“……可接近/可靠近/可使用的”。7．Thedirectorwasfullyconvincedthatthismovingstory,if________(adapt)fortelevision,wouldbeahit.答案：adapted　adapt“适应；改编”。所给动词与其逻辑主语story之间为被动关系，故填过去分词。8．Mygrandfatheroftengoestothecountryside,becausehethinksastaytherewillbe________(benefit)tohishealth.答案：beneficial　bebeneficialto...“对……有益”。9．Withouthis________(encourage)tome,Iwouldhavebeendefeatedinthegame.答案：encouragement　此处用名词encouragement“鼓励”作介词without的宾语。10．________(ambitious)playsanimportantroleinourdailylife,because8\nitisaguideforustomakedecisionsandchoices.答案：Ambition　句中缺主语，故应填名词ambition充当主语。且作“雄心，野心”讲时，为不可数名词。三、完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。IhavewrittenapoemcalledFlyingKites，inwhichaman__1__hissontoflyakite.Afterafewminutes，thechild__2__dropsthestringandletsthekitesoar(高飞)．Withjoyinhiseyes，hewatchesitclimbuntilitdisappears__3__.Thefatherrealizesthat__4__he'llhavetoloosenthetiethatbinds(绑)himtohisson.Andhe__5__，“WillIreleasethestringasunselfishlyasthat？”Manyyearslatermyson，Gary，__6__hewouldn'tfinishhiscollegecareer.Itriedtotalkhimoutofit.Butnoneofmyreasoningmadeany__7__.AttheendofthesemesterGarymovedbackhome.Garymanagedtofinda__8__atanurseryandwentatitwithusualenthusiasm.I，__9__，wasdeeplydisappointed.Whatwasacollegeprofessor's__10__doingatajobthatanyhighschooldropoutcouldperform？ThenItriedto__11__him.“Look，”Isaid，“inafewyearsyou'llbeatyourhighschoolreunionwith__12__classmateswhobecamedoctors，lawyers，andengineers.Doyouthinkyou'llbeableto__13__that？”“Yes，Dad，”herepliedwithout__14__.Thenhefixedhiseyesonmineandsaid，“Buttherealquestionis：Canyou？”Shamesuddenly__15__me.Iwasn'tthinkingaboutmyson；Iwasthinkingaboutmyselfandwhatmyfriendswouldthink.Theproblemwasn'tGary'spride；itwasmine.AllatonceIrememberedmy__16__andthequestionitasks“WillIreleasethe__17__asunselfishlyasthat？”AtthatmomentIknewIhadtoletgo.Garywas__18__enoughtomakehisownchoices.TodayGaryhasasuccessfulcareerworkingforthecity.Iamvery__19__ofwhohehasbecome.__20__Iletgoofmypride，I'vebeenabletositbackandenjoywatchinghimsoar.1．A.ordersB．instructsC．advisesD．allows2．A.suddenlyB．actually8\nC．properlyD．sadly3．A.inarowB．inawayC．innotimeD．inthedistance4．A.abruptlyB．eventuallyC．absolutelyD．apparently5．A.respondsB．guessesC．wondersD．hesitates6．A.believedB．explainedC．regrettedD．announced7．A.progressB．decisionC．effortD．difference8．A.ballB．jobC．kiteD．toy9．A.thereforeB．besidesC．howeverD．otherwise10．A.daughterB．nephewC．sonD．cousin11．A.supportB．acceptC．controlD．persuade12．A.honestB．ordinaryC．latterD．former13．A.preventB．forgetC．handleD．admit14．A.hesitationB．commitmentC．permissionD．comment15．A.desertedB．silencedC．ignoredD．angered16．A.essayB．articleC．poemD．passage17．A.secretB．stringC．dogD．news18．A.oldB．honestC．luckyD．cute19．A.guiltyB．tired8\nC．afraidD．proud20．A.SinceB．WhenC．AlthoughD．Unless【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者应对儿子大学辍学这一情况的故事。【核心词汇】releasev．释放，放开　semestern．学期　enthusiasmn．热情　reunionn．团聚1．B　根据语境可推知，一个男人在教儿子放风筝。instruct“教授”。故选B。2．A　根据下文可知，诗篇中的儿子突然(suddenly)把线松开，让风筝高飞。3．D　与语境“disappears”呼应可推知，风筝消失在远方(inthedistance)。4．B　这个男人意识到最终(eventually)他必须对儿子放手。5．C　结合语境可推知，诗篇中的父亲有疑问，想知道自己将来会不会无私地“松开线”。wonder“想知道”。6．D　根据语境可推知，作者的儿子宣布他将不会完成大学学业。7．D　根据下文的“AttheendofthesemesterGarymovedbackhome”可知，作者的劝说毫无作用。makeadifference意为“有作用”。8．B　根据下文的“Whatwasacollegeprofessor's__10__doingatajob”可知，作者的儿子找到了一份工作。9．C　根据上文的“withusualenthusiasm”和下文的“wasdeeplydisappointed”可知，上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系。10．C　根据上下文可知，Gary和作者是父子关系。11．D　根据作者下文所说的话和上文的“reasoning”可知，作者想劝说儿子放弃那份工作，因为作者感到很失望。persuade“劝说”。12．D　根据“reunion”可知，此处是和以前的高中同学团聚。former“以前的”。13．C　根据语境可知，作者认为儿子的工作一个高中辍学者都可以做，而他的同学们则成了医生、律师和工程师，作者问儿子能否应对这种情况。handle“应付，处理”。14．A　作者的儿子很坚定地回答，没有丝毫犹豫，与语境“Yes，Dad，”呼应。15．B　根据上文可知，儿子的话让作者沉默了。16．C　根据上文的“IhavewrittenapoemcalledFlyingKites”可知，作者想起了自己写的那首诗。17．B　根据上文的“WillIreleasethestringasunselfishlyusthat”可知，此处表示要放开风筝上的线。18．A　根据空后的“makehisownchoices”可推知，儿子已经长大，可以自己做决定了。19．D　根据上文的“TodayGaryhasasuccessfulcareerworkingforthe8\ncity”可推知，父亲看到儿子的成功，自然是为之自豪。20．A　根据语境可知，此处表示逻辑上的因果关系。since“因为，既然”。四、单句改错1．Iwasoutofthebreathafterrunning1,600metres.______________________________________________________答案：去掉the　outofbreath“上气不接下气”。2．Youdon'twanttobemadefunandneitherdoothers.______________________________________________________答案：fun后加of　makefunof“取笑”。3．Thescientistaswellashisassistantsweredoinganexperimentinthelabthen.______________________________________________________答案：were→was　当主语后面接由aswellas构成的词组时，谓语动词的形式要依主语的单复数而定。4．Englishissodifficultforhimtolearn.______________________________________________________答案：so→too　too＋adj.＋(forsb.)＋todo...“(对某人来说)太……而不能……”。5．Weofferourcongratulationtoyouonyourwinningtheprize.______________________________________________________答案：congratulation→congratulations　congratulation“祝贺”，常用复数形式。五、七选五Everyculturehasitsownunwrittenlistofbehaviorthatisacceptable.Everysocietyalsohasitstaboos,ortypesofbehaviorthatareconsideredaviolationofgoodmanners.ThewordtaboocomesfromtheTonganlanguageandisusedinmodernEnglishtodescribeverbalandnonverbalbehaviorthatisforbiddenortobeavoided.1.Theytendtobespecifictoacultureorcountry,andusuallyformaroundagroup’svaluesandbeliefs.Whatisconsideredacceptablebehaviorinonecountrymaybeaserioustabooinanother.Verbaltaboosusuallyinvolvetopicsthatpeoplebelievearetooprivatetotalkaboutpublicly,orrelatetoone’smannerofspeaking.Inmanycultures,forexample,itisconsideredbadmannerstodiscusssubjectssuchassexorreligioninpublic.Insomecountries,toomuchvolumeofone’svoicemayannoypeople.2.3．Forexample,oneofthebiggestdifferencesamongmanyWestern,Asian,andAfricanculturesistheuseofeyecontact.IntheU．S.,peoplemakeeye8\ncontactwhentheytalktoothers.4.InmanyAsianandAfricancultures,however,childrenaretaughttolowertheireyeswhentalkingtotheirelders,orthoseofhigherrank,asawaytoshowrespect.Certaingesturesmadewiththehandscanhaveverydifferentmeaningsdependingonthecountryyouarein.CrossingyourmiddlefingeroveryourforefingeristhesignforgoodluckinmanyWesterncountries.5.Also,insomeAsiancountries,movingyourhandsalotwhiletalking,or“talkingwithyourhands”，isconsideredunsuitable.Behaviorthatisacceptableandnonoffensiveinoneculturecanbehighlyoffensiveinanother.Whenvisitingaforeigncountry,beawareofsomeofthebasicdifferences,asthiswillhelptoensureamoreenjoyabletrip.A．Nonverbaltaboosusuallyrelatetobodylanguage.B．InVietnamandArgentina,however,itisarudegesture.C．Inspiteofwhatsomepeoplemaythink,taboosarenotuniversal.D．Cancerisataboosubjectandpeoplearefrightenedtotalkopenlyaboutit.E．Learnacountry’scustomssothatyoudon’thurtthelocalpeopleunconsciously.F．Theymightthinkthatsomeonewhoisspeakingorlaughingloudlyisrudeoraggressive.G．Ifapersonavoidseyecontact,othersmightthinktheyarebeingdishonestorunconfident.【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了不同国家习俗方面的禁忌，以及肢体语言、手势语的不同运用。1．C　解析：上句是对taboo的定义，下句讲它们通常是一个国家或一种文化所特有的，通常是围绕着一个团体的价值观和信仰而形成的。由此可以推断，C项(尽管一些人可能这样认为，但禁忌不是通用的)符合语境，起到承上启下的作用。故选C项。2．F　解析：本段主要讲一些人对禁忌的看法，比如一些私人问题不能在公共场合谈论等。根据设空前一句中的toomuchvolumeofone’svoicemayannoypeople可知，在一些国家，说话声音太大会惹恼别人，F项(他们可能认为大声说笑是粗鲁的或充满挑衅的)正好是对上一句的解释。故选F项。3．A　解析：根据设空后一句中的eyecontact可知，本段主要讲眼神接触在不同文化中有不同的要求，属于肢体语言。故A项(非语言禁忌通常和肢体语言有关)符合语境。4．G　解析：本段讲的是眼神接触的作用，根据关键词eyecontact可知，G项与该段主题一致，故选G项。5．B　解析：本段介绍手势语在不同国家的含义。上一句介绍了把中指和食指交叠起来，在很多西方国家意味着好运。下文应该介绍其他国家对此不同的理解，B项(然而在越南和阿根廷，这是一个粗鲁的手势)符合语境，故选B项。8