2022版高考英语一轮基础习选题Unit2Englisharoundtheworld含解析新人教版必修1

Unit2Englisharoundtheworld李仕才一、阅读理解。Ifyouwantalittleextrasecurityagainstthievesstealingyourbicycle,designerDennisSiegelhasdesignedasolution.TheRFIDBikealarmisattachedtotheseatonabicycleandgivesoffanalarmwhenitsensesmovement.“TheRFIDBikealarmismeanttobeausefuladd-ontomechanicalbicyclelocksbecauseitgreatlyextendstherangeofprotectionwithonlyafewcomponents,”Siegelexplainsonhiswebsite.“Itislow-cost,durableandeasytouse.”TheBikealarmwasdesignedaspartofSiegel’sBachelor’sdegreethesisattheUniversityoftheArtsBremeninGermany.Thedevicewillscareoffanywould-bethiefthemomenthebeginstostealthebicycletowhichitisattached.Itisabletocontinuouslysensetheenvironmenttodistinguishbetweenspecificevents,forinstanceapassingtram/carandaserioustheft.Siegelcreatedaworkingmodelofanalarmthatwouldsoundwhenitsensedmovement,butwasn’tinitiallysurehowitwouldbebestattachedtoabicycle.“Idecidedtomountittotherailsoftheseatbecauseitallowsforcomfortableinteractionandthepositionislessobviousasitlookslikeasmallrepairkit,”hesays.SiegelchosetouseRFIDtechnologyratherthanBluetoothtokeepthecostsdown.Siegelexplainsthatthemostdifficultaspectofcreatingthealarmwastogettheelectroniccircuitdowntoasmallenoughsize.ThedevicerunsoffakindofbatterythatcanbechargedbyUSBwithin2hoursandlastsforafewdayswithnormaluse.AstheBikealarmisonlyatdevelopmentstage,Siegelhasn’tsignedanyagreementstoputitonthemarket.【文章大意】文章介绍了一种新型的防止自行车被盗的报警装置。1.Whenitsensesmovement,theRFIDBikealarmwill________.A.makeawarningsoundB.fastenthebicycletightlyC.shakethebicyclequickly8\nD.callthepoliceautomatically【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段中的givesoffanalarmwhenitsensesmovement.以及第四段中的Siegelcreatedaworkingmodelofanalarm可知。2.WhichofthefollowingsshowstherightpositionoftheRFIDBikealarmonabicycle?【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的TheRFIDBikealarmisattachedtotheseatonabicycleandgivesoffanalarmwhenitsensesmovement.以及第四段中的Idecidedtomountittotherailsoftheseat可知它应该安装在座子下面的横梁上,故选B。3.WhatdoweknowabouttheRFIDBikealarm?A.Itcan’ttellbetweenspecificevents.B.Itisverydifficulttouse.C.Itusesakindofbatteryforpower.D.ItdependsonBluetoothtechnology.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的ThedevicerunsoffakindofbatterythatcanbechargedbyUSBwithin2hours可知该装置的能量是由电池来提供的。故选C。4.Itcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphsthat________.A.theelectroniccircuitisalittlelargerB.it’sveryeasytomakeaBikealarmC.itcoststoomuchatpresentD.notmanyBikealarmsareproduced8\n【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知Siegel还没有把这种新的报警装置推到市场。故选D。二、单句语法填空1．Thistreelookstallandstrongbut________(actual)itstrunkishollow.答案：actually　actually“事实上，实际上”。2．Schoolshaverightstosetdowntheirownrules________(base)onthegeneralconditionsofthestudents.答案：based　bebasedon“以……为基础”，此处为过去分词短语作定语，因此填based。3．Thegirlusedtobeshy,butis________(gradual)gettingactiveingroupworkandismorewillingtoexpressherself.答案：gradually　此处修饰动词短语getactivein，故用副词gradually“逐渐地”，在句中作状语。4．Onseeinghernewclassmate,shecame________andsaidwithasmile,“Gladtomeetyou.”答案：up　comeup在本句中表示“走近”。5．Shewas________worriedthanangrywhenherdaughterdidn'tcomehome.答案：more　moreworriedthanangry“与其说是生气不如说是担心”。6．Busesrun________(frequent)fromthecitytotheairport.答案：frequently　此处修饰动词run，因此要用副词形式frequently。7．Therequestisthatmanuscripts(手稿)________(write)ononesideonly.答案：(should)bewritten　request在这里是名词，作主语时，后面的表语从句中的谓语动词应使用“should＋动词原形”结构，并且should可省略，此处表示被动意义，故填(should)bewritten。8．Sometimesitlookslikepeoplewithgreatselfcontrolaren'tworkinghard—butthat's________they'vemadeitautomatic.答案：because　that'sbecause...“那是因为……”。9．Thereisnosuchthing________darkness;onlyafailuretosee.答案：as　句意：没有黑暗这种东西，只有看不见而已。Thereisnosuch...as...“没有像……的……”。10．Fromhis________(express),Iknewhedidn'twantmetoaskthisquestion.答案：expression　由空前代词his可知应填名词，expression“表情；表达”。8\n三、完形填空。Overthelast15years,asadoctor,Ihavehadheart-to-heartconversationswithcountlesspatientsneartheendoftheirlives.Themostcommonemotiontheyexpressis　1　.Andthat’s　2　Icameupwithaprojecttoencouragepeopletowritea　3　totheirlovedones.It’salessonIlearnedyearsagofromamemorable　4　patient.Hewasaretired　5　withacancer.Everyday,his　6　spentmanyhourswatchinghimwatchtelevision.Sheexplainedtomehehadneverbeenmuchofa　7　intheir50-plusyearsofmarriage.Butheseemedquite　8　tosharehisideaswithme,　9　whenitbecameclearhisdayswere　10　.Hespokeofhisdeepregretfornothavingspentenoughtimewithhiswife,andofhisgreat　11　inhisson,whohadjoinedtheNavyinhisfather’sfootsteps.Oneafternoon,whenImentionedthese　12　tohiswifeandson,theylookeddisbelievinglyateachother.Theythankedmeforbeingsokindbut　13　mypatientwasunlikelytoexpresssuchfeelings.Tomakesurehisfamilycouldhearhis　14　,Itookmyvideocamerawithmethenextmorningandwiththepatient’s　15　,recordedanopenletterfromhimtohisfamily.WhenIgavethemthe　16　letter,bothhiswifeandsonweremovedtotears.Theexperience　17　myletterproject,whichcanhelppeoplecompletetheirlifereviewtasks:apologizingtothosewemayhavehurt;　18　thosewhohavehurtusandsaying“Iloveyou”.Itmaytakemuchcouragetowritealifereviewletter.Forsomepeople,it　19　deepandtroublingemotions.　20　itmaybethemostimportantletteryouwilleverwrite.【文章大意】作为一名医生,因为与无数临终的病人交谈过,他们常表达出自己的遗憾。这激发了作者想让人们给自己爱的人写一封信的想法,以此表达对曾经伤害过的人的歉意及原谅伤害过自己的人们。1.A.gratitude　B.regret　C.apology　D.affection【解析】选B。根据下文的内容可知在临终之前表达的都是遗憾的心情。最后一段中有提示。gratitude感激;regret后悔,遗憾;apology道歉;affection情感。8\n2.A.becauseB.whyC.whenD.how【解析】选B。从语境可看出那就是我为什么(why)提出这个项目。3.A.noteB.billC.letterD.sentence【解析】选C。通过语境可知病人临终时常有遗憾,因此作者通过这个项目来鼓励人们写信给自己所爱的人。故选letter。4.A.dyingB.weakC.unconsciousD.silent【解析】选A。从下文可知这是从一个将要去世的人身上学到的教训。因此选项dying符合题意。weak虚弱的;unconscious无意识的;silent沉默的。5.A.merchantB.workerC.officialD.soldier【解析】选D。从后文可知他当过海军,因此是个士兵(soldier)。6.A.familyB.daughter　C.sonD.wife【解析】选D。从下文中“intheir50-plusyearsofmarriage.”(在他们结婚的50多年里)可知是他的妻子(wife)。7.A.husbandB.loverC.talkerD.companion【解析】选C。上文说他妻子每天都在看他看电视,(可知他是个不健谈的人。)由此可推断出她向我解释说在他们结婚的50多年里,他不是个健谈的人(talker)。8.A.willingB.disturbingC.embarrassedD.delighted【解析】选A。根据句意可知这个人不善言谈却愿意(willing)和“我”分享他的一些想法。disturbing烦扰的,令人不安的;embarrassed局促不安的,为难的,尴尬的,窘迫的;delighted高兴的。9.A.speciallyB.especiallyC.exactlyD.gradually【解析】选B。他看起来非常愿意和“我”分享他的想法,尤其(especially)是他在世上的日子不多了的时候。specially特别地,专门地,特意地,格外地;especially尤其;exactly确切地;gradually慢慢地。10.A.numberedB.died8\nC.endedD.completed【解析】选A。从上文可知他是个癌症患者,所剩时日不多,屈指可数。故用numbered。11.A.satisfactionB.prideC.concernD.complaint【解析】选B。他儿子以他为榜样参加了海军,因此他以儿子为傲(pride)。satisfaction满意;concern关心;complaint抱怨;pride骄傲,自豪。故选B。12.A.commentsB.decisionsC.explanationsD.promises【解析】选A。当我把他的话(即评论)对他的妻子和儿子说时,他们难以置信。comment评论;decision决定;explanation解释;promise承诺,允诺。13.A.deniedB.disbelievedC.insistedD.realized【解析】选C。从上文可知这个病人是个不善言谈的人,所以当他儿子和妻子听到这样的评论时难以相信,因此他们才会感谢我并坚持(insisted)他是不可能如此表达的。deny否认;disbelieve难以相信;realize意识到,知道,实现。从上文可知C符合题意。14.A.sorrowB.anxietyC.wishD.love【解析】选D。从上文的内容可知这个病人表达的是对家人的爱(love)。sorrow悲痛;anxiety焦虑,担心;wish愿望;love爱。15.A.desireB.permissionC.requestD.assistance【解析】选B。第二天我带着摄像机,经过病人的同意(permission)。desire渴望;permission允许,批准;request请求;assistance帮助。从上下文可知是病人的允许。故选permission。16.A.tapedB.typedC.writtenD.unopened【解析】选A。tape录音;type打字;write写作;unopen未打开。17.A.raisedB.inspiredC.provedD.welcomed【解析】选B。根据下文可知这个项目能帮助人们弥补过去的憾事,这事激励了我。raise引起,抱起,提高(价格等),养育,筹集;inspire鼓舞,激励,赋予灵感,启迪;prove证明,证实;welcome欢迎,乐于接受。8\n18.A.acknowledgingB.forgettingC.hurtingD.forgiving【解析】选D。向那些我们可能伤害过的人道歉;原谅那些伤害过我们的人,并说“我爱你”。acknowledge承认,感谢;forget忘记;hurt伤害;forgive原谅。通过上下文可知是原谅(forgive)那些伤害过我们的人,D符合题意。19.A.callsforB.callsoffC.callsinD.callsup【解析】选D。它可能唤起人们内心深处的烦恼情绪。callfor要求,需要,提倡;calloff放弃,取消,叫走;callin召集,召来,收回;callup打电话,召集,使想起,唤醒。故选D。20.A.SoB.ForC.YetD.Otherwise【解析】选C。虽然能让人们想起不好的情绪但却是最重要的一封信。由此可知是转折关系。故选C。四、单句改错1．Oilmustbemadefullusetoservethepeoplewell.________________________________________________________答案：use后加of　此处为makefulluseof...结构的被动语态。2．After25years,shehaschangedwithoutrecognition.________________________________________________________答案：without→beyond　beyondrecognition“难以认出”。3．TrytotellwhatyouthinkofTomandofthewaywhichthechildrentreatedhim.________________________________________________________答案：去掉which或which→that或which前加in　theway作先行词，且在定语从句中作状语时，其引导词有三种形式：that/inwhich或省略。4．Helenedidnotwantherdaughterstoalwaysworkinthefamilybusinessbecauseofshethoughtitwastoohard.________________________________________________________答案：去掉of　because引导原因状语从句。becauseof后接名词(短语)、代词或宾语从句。5．Themanagergavehiscommandthatmeasuresweretakenimmediatelytocorrectallthemistakesmadeinmarketing.8\n________________________________________________________答案：were→be　that引导的是同位语从句，解释说明command的具体内容，其从句中的谓语动词应使用“should＋动词原形”的结构，并且should可省略。8