2022版高考英语一轮基础习选题Unit5Themeparks含解析新人教版必修4

Unit5Themeparks李仕才一、阅读理解ThemostpopularPEclassatWaukeganHighSchoolinIllinois，US，takesplaceinabasementfieldhouse.Itistheschool'sversionofCrossFit，thedifficultphysicalexercisethathasexplodedinpopularityoverthelast16yearsatthousandsofgyms.IthasmorethanonemilliondevoteesandaprofessionalcompetitionshownonESPN.SchoolsaroundtheChicagoareahaveadoptedCrossFittointereststudentsatatimeofarisingweightproblemamongyoungpeople，andmostsayitreallyworkscomparedwithtraditionalgymclasses.“Ithinkit'sagreatwaytoteachkidslifelongfitness，especiallythosekidswhoaren'tinterestedinhockey，soccerorbasketball，”saidtheteacher，TracyHaraffromIllinois'StonyCreekElementary，whichdevoteshalfofitsPEdaystoCrossFitexercises.“Theythinkit'stough，butIthinktheyhavealotoffundoingit.”SeniorAlexusWiltz,18，saidtheworkouthadimprovedherperformanceonthebasketballcourt.“InoticedIwasfaster.Ipaidmoreattentiononthecourt，mydefendingwasbetter，”shesaidafterarecentclass.“Itjustreallyhelpedme.”Butsomedoctorsandresearchersadvisecaution，sayingtheexercisesthatinvolveliftingweightscanleadtoinjuries，particularlywhenperformedbyfewinexperiencedpeople.DoctorCraigFinlaysonatLurieChildren'sHospitalofChicagosaidhewasworriedthatwhilestrengthtrainingisfineforkids，heavyweightscouldbetroubleforteenagerswhomighthurtthemselvesbytryingtodotoomuchorusingpoorform.CrossFitInc.，thecompanythatcertifiestrainersandlicensesgyms，disagreesthatitsprogramismoredangerousthanotherfitnessroutines.GymteachersinWaukegan'sGregMoisio，whosetwocampusschoolhasabout73%kidstakingCrossFiteachday，alsosaytheriskofinjurycanbereducedwithproperteachingandCrossFit'sflexibility.1．WhyhaveschoolsaroundtheChicagoareaadoptedCrossFit?A．Toimprovestudents'performanceincompetitivesports.B．Tointroducesomethingmorechallengingtothestudents.C．Tomaketraditionalgymclassesmoreattractive.D．Tohelpsolvethestudents'weightproblem.9\n2．Howdothestudentsreacttothestrengthtraining?A．73%agreeithasabadinfluence.B．Theyshowlittleinterestinit.C．Themajoritybelieveit'seffective.D．Mostofthemthinkit'sofnouse.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“workout”inParagraph5referto?A．Thephysicalexercise.B．Thebasketballcourt.C．Wiltz'sperformance.D．Alotoffun.4．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．CrossFitismoredangerousthanotherfitnessroutines.B．ThenumberoftheinjuredinCrossFitclassesisrising.C．Kidsmayprotectthemselvesifthey'retrainedproperly.D．AgreatnumberofkidstakingCrossFitlackflexibility.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。为提高学生身体素质，芝加哥周边学校大力提倡学生参与CrossFit训练，培训日益升温，但也同时引发一些医生和研究人员的担忧。1．D　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，芝加哥周边的学校大力提倡学生参与CrossFit训练，目的是提高学生的身体素质，帮助解决体重上升问题。故选D。2．C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“mostsayitreallyworkscomparedwithtraditionalgymclasses”可推知，大多数学生觉得这个体能训练是有效果的。故选C。3．A　词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Ithinkit'sagreatwaytoteachkidslifelongfitness，especiallythosekidswhoaren'tinterestedinhockey,soccerorbasketball”可知，Tracy认为CrossFit是教孩子终身健身的好方法，尤其是对曲棍球、足球和篮球不感兴趣的孩子。结合画线词后的“improvedherperformanceonthebasketballcourt”可知，此处的“workout”就是指上文提及的“体能训练”。故选A。4．C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可推知，孩子们如果训练得当就可以保护自己不受伤。故选C。长难句分析：Butsomedoctorsandresearchersadvisecaution，sayingtheexercisesthatinvolveliftingweightscanleadtoinjuries，particularlywhenperformedbyfewinexperiencedpeople.(倒数第三段)分析：本句是复合句。theexercisesthatinvolveliftingweightscanleadtoinjuries为省略了连接词that的宾语从句，作saying的宾语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词exercises，在从句中作主语；when引导时间状语从句。9\n译文：但是一些医生和研究者建议小心一些，他们说涉及类似举重的一些练习可能会导致受伤，尤其是当几乎没有经验的人练习的时候。词汇积累：professionaladj.职业的，专业的competitionn．比赛，竞赛　traditionaladj.传统的cautionn．小心，谨慎二、单句语法填空1．Thehoteloffersitsguestsawidevarietyof__________(amuse)．答案：amusements　此处表述各种各样的“娱乐活动”，故需填入所给词的名词形式，且作此义讲时，多用复数。2．Maryoftendoessome________(translate)worktoearnextramoney,whichaccountsforhalfofherincome.答案：translation　此处应用名词作定语修饰work，说明工作的内容。dosometranslationwork“做一些翻译工作”。3．Veniceisoneofthegreattourist________(attract)oftheworld.答案：attractions　touristattraction“旅游景点”；由oneof可知此处应用复数形式。4．Mygrandfather,whoisfamous________hiskindness,helpedtheSmithsoutoftrouble.答案：for　befamousfor...“因……而出名”。5．Food________(preserve)intherefrigeratorwon'tgobadeasily.答案：preserved　句中已有谓语动词，故所给动词应用非谓语形式作定语修饰其前的名词，且两者为被动关系，故用过去分词。6．________(deed)arebetterthanwordswhenpeopleareinneedofhelp.答案：Deeds　由空后are可知主语应用名词复数，deed“行动”。7．TheSilkRoadhasa________(long)ofmorethan4,000kilometersandahistoryof2,000years.答案：length　由冠词a可知应填名词，length“长度”。8．Thispaintingrepresentsthefirst________(settle)arrivinginAmerica.答案：settlers　由设空前的“thefirst”和空后的“arriving”可知此处指“定居者”，且不止一人，故填settlers。9．Hissilenceseemstobean________(admit)ofguilt.答案：admission　此处表示“承认有罪”，且冠词an后应接名词；admission名词，意为“允许进入；入场费；承认”。9\n10．Thiskindofdance________(model)aftertheoneofthatfamousdancingactress'.答案：ismodelled　bemodelledafter...“根据……模仿”。三、完形填空。Werarelygetachancetoseepurecareandloveforthosewhoneeditmost.Andthisstorywill___1___servetoremindusthereisstilllotsofgoodintheworldandthatweareresponsiblefor___2___thatgoodness.MsNoriza,49yearsold,waswalkinginthestreetwhenshesmelta(an)___3___smell.Shenoticedmanypeoplewereholdingtheir___4___andhurriedby.Lookingaround,shefoundanoldmaninawheelchairvomiting(呕吐)andhisclothesweremade___5___.“Nobodywashelpinghimeventhoughhelookedso___6___,”MsNorizaexplained.Shefoundsomepeoplewerenotonlynotdoingsomethingaboutit,butwerecomplaining.The___7___wasmorethanshecouldbear.___8___,shewentuptohelp.ShewentandboughtapairofshortsandaT-shirtinanearbystoreandhelpedtheoldmanget___9___.Afterthat,she___10___himbacktohisflatbeforeshewenttowork.Therewaskindnessshownbysomeother___11___,includingMrGoh.Hewasso___12___bywhatMsNorizahaddonethathegothisfriendto___13___thepressofthisstory.“Her___14___towardsastrangermovedme.Itwas___15___andcompletekindness,”saidMrGoh.Sometimeswearesofocusedonconflicts,argumentsandallsortsof___16___thingsthatweforgetthattheworldiswhatitisbecauseofus.Ifwewanttoseeasocietyfulloflove,weshoulddeliverthat___17___throughouractionsandourlives.Sonexttimewearegiventhispriceless___18___totouchsomeoneelse’slife,letus___19___themomentanddosomethinggood,notjustforthesociety,butforour___20___aswell.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了MsNoriza在大街上帮助素不相识的老人的事情。通过本文作者呼9\n吁人们要相信善良，秉承善良，传播善良，让社会变得更加美好。1.A.approximatelyB.hopefullyC.finallyD.merely【答案】B【解析】A.approximately大约；B.hopefully有希望地；C.finally最后；D.merely仅仅；在文章末段作者发表了自己的感慨，由此判断作者讲述这个故事的目的是希望人们能够把善良的美德传播开来，故选B。2.A.spreadingB.enlargingC.extendingD.stretching【答案】A【解析】A.spread伸开，传播：一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播(疾病)，散布(信息)，火势蔓延；B.enlarge扩大：多指具体物品如相片的放大。也可指扩大视野，增长知识；C.extend伸出，延伸：指空间范围的扩大，以及长度、宽度的朝外延伸，也可指时间的延长；D.stretch伸展，拉长：一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长。从文章最后两段内容可知作者希望人们用善良来驱逐冷漠，用道德来传递温暖，鼓励人们亲身去做，而不局限于仅仅去发现或者表扬善良的行为，故选A。3.A.strongB.troublesomeC.dampD.unpleasant【答案】D【解析】A.strong强壮的，强烈的；B.troublesome麻烦的，讨厌的，棘手的；C.damp潮湿的；D.unpleasant不愉快的。根据下文内容可知MsNoriza闻到的是老人的呕吐物的味道，当然不会好闻，故选D。4.A.earsB.eyesC.nosesD.mouths【答案】C【解析】A.ears耳朵；B.eyes眼睛；C.noses鼻子；D.mouths9\n嘴巴。从当时的情景可知老人的呕吐物发出难闻的味道，路过的人都捂着鼻子，选C。5.A.wetB.dirtyC.wrinkledD.broken【答案】B【解析】A.wet潮湿的；B.dirty脏的；C.wrinkled有褶皱的；D.broken破损的。根据语境可知坐在轮椅上的老人呕吐时把衣服弄脏了，选B。6.A.pitifulB.desperateC.hopelessD.urgent【答案】A【解析】A.pitiful可怜的；B.desperate绝望的；C.hopeless没希望的；D.urgent急迫的，紧要的。在此MsNoriza指老人的状况令人同情，选A。7.A.actionB.smellC.wordD.sight【答案】D【解析】A.action行动；B.smell味道；C.word单词；D.sight情景。上文MsNoriza描述了当时的情景，她对没人帮助老人的这种情形看不下去了，选D。8.A.HoweverB.BesidesC.ThereforeD.Otherwise【答案】C【解析】A.However然而；B.Besides此外；C.Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否则。从语境可知此处表示因果关系，故选C。9.A.cleanedB.dressedC.changedD.sheltered【答案】C【解析】A.cleaned清洁；B.dressed打扮；C.changed换；D.sheltered庇护，保护。根据上文可知老人把衣服弄脏了，而且MsNoriza给他买了新衣服，由此判断她帮他换上干净的衣服，getchanged“换衣服”，选C。10.A.accompaniedB.orderedC.satisfiedD.invited【答案】A9\n【解析】A.accompanied陪伴；A.ordered命令；C.satisfied使满意；D.invited邀请。从常识和语境可知善良的MsNoriza先陪伴老人回家，然后去上班，选A。11.A.customersB.passers-byC.assistantsD.salesmen【答案】B【解析】A.customers顾客；B.passers-by过路人；C.assistants助理，助手；D.salesmen销售员。从上文中的“Shenoticedmanypeoplewereholdingtheir___4___andhurriedby”.可知MsNoriza只是在大街上路过的人，所以选B。12.A.attractedB.encouragedC.inspiredD.touched【答案】D【解析】A.attracted吸引；B.encouraged鼓励；C.inspired激励；D.touched触动。根据下文MrGoh说的话“…..towardsastrangermovedme”可知他被MsNoriza的行为所感动了，选D。13.A.warnB.convinceC.remindD.inform【答案】D【解析】A.warn警告；B.convince使人信服；C.remind提醒；D.inform通知。从语境可知MrGoh让他的朋友把MsNoriza的善良行为告诉了媒体，选D。14.A.politenessB.commitmentC.selflessnessD.carefulness【答案】C【解析】A.politeness礼貌；B.commitment承诺；C.selflessness无私；D.carefulness认真。根据故事内容以及后句中的completekindness可知此处MrGoh指MsNoriza对待一个素不相识的人的那份善良和无私，选C。15.A.pureB.equalC.commonD.unusual【答案】A【解析】A.pure纯的；B.equal平等的；C.common常见的；D.unusual9\n不同寻常的。根据and连接并列成分前后一致的原则可以判断填pure，表示不带有其他目的、纯粹的，故选A。16.A.mentalB.negativeC.alternativeD.practical【答案】B【解析】A.mental精神的；B.negative消极的；C.alternative可供替代的；D.practical实际的。根据前面列举的名词conflicts,arguments可知此处指一些消极、负面的事情，选B。17.A.mottoB.messageC.speechD.means【答案】B【解析】A.motto箴言；B.message信息；C.speech演讲；D.means方法。从if从句的内容可知如果人们想要一个充满爱的社会，那么就需要通过我们的行为来传递这种信息，选B。18.A.giftB.situationC.experienceD.opportunity【答案】D【解析】A.gift天赋；B.situation情形；C.experience经历，经验；D.opportunity机会。在文中作者呼吁人们要在别人需要帮助的时候，伸出援助之手，由此可知此处指当人们遇到这样的事情，即有机会去传递爱心的时候，不要错过这个机会，故选D。19.A.seizeB.findC.acquireD.seek【答案】A【解析】A.seize抓住；B.find发现；C.acquire获得，得到；D.seek寻求。从上文可知作者希望人们在遇到这类事情的时候，要利用这种时刻去把美好、善良传递下去，希望人们抓住这种机会，选A。20.A.memoriesB.volunteerC.soulsD.future【答案】C【解析】A.memories记忆；B.volunteer志愿者，志愿；C.souls灵魂；D.future未来。俗话说“赠人玫瑰，手留余香”9\n，善意的行为不仅在社会上传播了善良和美好，也会给自己带来快乐，让自己的心灵得到一次洗礼和升华，故选C。四、单句改错1．Oncethechildrenheardthattheirteachercametohimself,thewholeclasscametolivesatonce._____________________________________________________答案：lives→life　cometolife“活跃起来”。2．Heisdiligent.ThereisnowonderhehasbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity._____________________________________________________答案：There→It　固定句型。Itisnowonder(that)...“难怪……”，Itis可省略，直接用nowonder。3．Youwillneedtobuyticketsfortheconcertintheadvance,becausethebandisverypopular._____________________________________________________答案：去掉advance前的the　固定短语。inadvance“提前”。4．Bydoingso,notonlyIsharegoodideaswithothersbutIalsolearntoexpressmyselfclearly._____________________________________________________答案：only后加can　当notonly在句首时，句子应使用部分倒装，即notonly后需使用相应的be动词/助动词/情态动词。结合句意，此处表述我不仅能够与他人分享好的想法，而且也学会了清晰地表达自我，可知应在only后加can。5．Yourdreamwillbecometruesoonerorlateraslongasyoudoyourbest._____________________________________________________答案：去掉be　cometrue意为“实现”，是不及物动词词组，不用于被动语态。9