2022版高考英语一轮基础习选题Unit4WildlifeProtection含解析新人教版必修2

WildlifeProtection李仕才一、阅读理解AJapanesetelecomcompanyhasreleasedarobotthatitsayshasemotions.Butratherthanrunninginfearfromit,we’vewelcomeditintoourhomes:Pepper,the“emotionalrobot”,soldoutwithinaminuteofgoingonsale.CreatedbyAldebaranRoboticsandJapanesemobilegiantSoftBank,PepperwentonsaletothegeneralpublicinJapanonJune20.Itis“thefirsthumanoid(类人的)robotdesignedtolivewithhumans,”Aldebaransaysonitswebsite.Peppercostsabout$1,600.Andlikeallgoodmobileproducts,there’sa$120permonthdatafee,aswellasan$80permonthdamageinsurancefee.Accordingtoanewsrelease,Peppercanpickuponhumanemotionsandcreateitsownusinga“multi-layerneural(神经的)network.”Pepper’stouchsensorsandcamerasaresaidtoinfluenceitsmood,whichisdisplayedonthetablet-sizedscreenonitschest.Pepperwillsighwhenunhappy,andcangoaroundyourhouserecordingyourfamily’sdailyactivity.AldebaransaysPeppercanfeel“joy,surprise,anger,doubtandsadness,”butitdoesn’tsayhowstronglyitcanfeeltheseemotions.WhathappenswhenPepperishavingabadday?Willit,likemanyhumans,becomeuncooperative?Willitaskforsometimealone?Whathappensifitfiguresoutthatitspurposeinlifeisjusttoengageinsmalltalks?Thankfully,Pepperisonlyaboutfourfeettall,withrollerballsinsteadoflegs,soifitisangrywithandeventurnsonitsowner,you’llbesafeifyoucanmakeitupstairs.Aldebaransaysinreality,there’reprobablyquiteafewdecadesawayfromartificialintelligencethatcouldgeneraterealemotions.Aldebaranwasn’timmediatelyavailableforcommentonwhenPepperwillbeavailableoutsideofJapan,butadditionalsalesarescheduledforJulyafterthefirst1,000unitssellout.SoftBankcurrentlyusestherobotsinitsstoresasgreeters,anditplanstoofferPeppertootherstoresinthefuture.Hopefully“boredom”isnotanemotionPeppercanfeel.7\n【文章大意】本文介绍日本的一家电信公司发布了第一台“情感机器人”,阐述了情感机器人的使用费用、功能以及发展前景。1.Accordingtotheauthor,Pepper________.A.isverypopularamongcustomersB.cannotonlyrunbutalsoshowfearC.isgoingtobesoldallovertheworldD.candealwithmanykindsofhousework【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容Pepper,the“emotionalrobot”,soldoutwithinaminuteofgoingonsale.(Pepper,情感机器人,在销售几分钟之内就卖完了)可知Pepper非常受消费者欢迎。2.HowmuchdoyouneedtopayforPepper’sdatafeeanddamageinsurancefeeeachyear?A.80dollars.B.120dollars.C.1,440dollars.D.2,400dollars.【解析】选D。数字计算题。根据第二段内容there’sa$120permonthdatafee,aswellasan$80permonthdamageinsurancefee.可知,每年用于Pepper的datafeeanddamageinsurancefee为(120+80)*12=2400。故答案为D。3.Pepper’sheightandrollerballsarementionedto________.A.introduceitsappearanceB.tellPepperwon’tgetangryC.showthatsafetyisn’tabigissueD.explainrobotshavestrongemotions【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第三段中Pepperisonlyaboutfourfeettall,withrollerballsinsteadoflegs,soifitisangrywithandeventurnsonitsowner,you’llbesafeifyoucanmakeitupstairs.介绍Pepper的heightandrollerballs是为了表明安全不是大问题。故答案为C。4.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Peppercannotproducerealemotions.B.Peppercanfeeljoy,surpriseandboredom.C.Pepperwillbesoldinothercountriesnextyear.7\nD.Pepperisbeingusedasawaiterinsomerestaurants.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中Aldebaransaysinreality,there’reprobablyquiteafewdecadesawayfromartificialintelligencethatcouldgeneraterealemotions.可推断Pepper现在是不能产生真正的情感的。故A正确。二、单句语法填空1．(2022·江苏高考)Hehurriedhome,neveroncelookingbacktoseeifhe________(follow)．答案：wasbeingfollowed　这里if引导的宾语从句用过去进行时表示过去某一时刻(hurriedhome)正在进行的动作。又因he与follow之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。2．Not________(employ)byawellknowncompanydoesn'tnecessarilymeanthatyouhavenobrightfuture.答案：beingemployed　此处在陈述一个一般性的事实，且you和employ之间为被动关系，故用动名词的被动式作主语。3．Hishousestandsonahillandcanbeseenfroma________(distant)oftwomiles.答案：distance　由空前的a可知，此处应填名词，fromadistance“从远处”。4．Parentssparenoefforttopavethewayforthe________(succeed)oftheirchildren.答案：success　由空前的the可知此处应用名词success“成功”。5．I'mfedupwithyour________(end)complaining.答案：endless　此处endless形容词“无休止的”修饰动名词complaining。6．Thisdefeatwasa________(power)blowtotheenemy.答案：powerful　此处形容词powerful“有力的；强大的”修饰名词blow。7．Aftertheexam,Ifeltanincrediblesenseof________(relieve)．答案：relief　介词of后应跟名词relief“减轻或解除”。8．Wehadnochoiceandhadtobe________themercyofthesea.答案：at　atthemercyof...“受……摆布”。9．Greekyogurt________(contain)muchlessfatthandoublecream.答案：contains　contain“包含”，且描述一般事实，应用一般现在时。10．Myopinion________(affect)bytherecentdevelopmentofevents.答案：hasbeenaffected　affect“影响”，为动词，与Myopinion存在逻辑上的动宾关系，且本句描述过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，故应用现在完成时的被动语态。7\n三、完形填空ThedaybeforeChristmasIpulledintoastoreparkinglotandcountedmymoneyagain.Itwasn’tmuch.I　1　beingpoor,nothavingenoughto　2　mylittlechildrenafewsimpletoys.AsIwas　3　InoticedtheSalvationArmy(救世军)bellringeratthe　4　.IfeltbadagainbecauseIdidn’tfeelIcould　5　anythingtogivehim.Istartedwalkingtowardstheentrance　6　twocarsenteredemptyparkingspacesinfrontofme.Thefirstwasa　7　,newCadillacwhichbecamethe　8　ofmethemomentIsawit.“How　9　”Ithought,“woulditbetohaveenoughmoneytobuyacarlikethat!”Thesecondcar,　10　,wasanancientcarshabbierthantheoneIwasdriving.AmangotoutoftheCadillacandhurriedintothestore　11　pastthebellringerwithoutasecond　12　.Outoftheoldcarcameayoungmotherwiththreelittlechildrenfollowing　13　behindher.Herclotheslookedas　14　ashercar,yetshestoppedattheentranceand　15　abill.Inthatseconda(n)　16　touchedme,myenvyanddislike　17　me,andalltheloveandjoyfilledme.Ifishedabilloutofmyownpurse,　18　itintheSalvationArmykettle,andwishedthe　19　a“MerryChristmas!” NowIfeltIwasapoormanbutrichonthe　20　.Afterfindingafewthingsformykids,Idrovehomewithmyheartsinging.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者在去商店购物的时候看到的一幕对作者震撼很大,这让作者领悟到贫穷并不可怕,内心富有才更重要。1.A.regretted　B.permitted　C.escaped　D.hated【解析】选D。我讨厌贫穷。hate讨厌,痛恨。2.A.makeB.buyC.awardD.lend【解析】选B。没有足够的钱给我的孩子们买一些简单的玩具。buy买。3.A.pullingoutB.settlinginC.gettingoutD.cuttingin【解析】选C。这里指的是我从商店停车场出来。pullout拉出;settlein定居;getout出来;cutin插话,插入。4.A.parkingspaceB.entrance7\nC.parkinglotD.counter【解析】选B。这里指的是从商店的停车场出来去往商店的入口。attheentrance在……入口。5.A.spareB.splitC.spendD.save【解析】选A。我不能抽出任何东西给他。spare分让。6.A.whenB.sinceC.thoughD.if【解析】选A。我开始朝商店的入口走,这时有两辆车停在了我前面的空车位。这里表示同时发生。though尽管;since因为;when一……就……;if如果。故选A。7.A.sharpB.dullC.pureD.shiny【解析】选D。由后文的凯迪拉克可知,这里应该是耀眼的。sharp尖锐的;dull迟钝的;pure纯洁的;shiny闪亮的。8.A.targetB.itemC.envyD.bargain【解析】选C。根据上下文,我第一眼看到很是羡慕。target目标;item物品,东西;envy羡慕,忌妒;bargain讨价还价。9.A.niceB.preciousC.rareD.expensive【解析】选A。如果有钱买一辆这样的车该多好(nice)。nice好的;precious珍贵的;rare稀有的;expensive昂贵的。10.A.thereforeB.howeverC.anyhowD.besides【解析】选B。本句话跟上一句是转折关系,然而(however)第二辆车比我开的还要破旧,古老。therefore因此;however然而;anyhow不管怎样;besides除此之外。11.A.merelyB.seldomC.hopefullyD.right【解析】选D。一个从凯迪拉克出来的人正好匆忙地从敲钟人身边走过。merely仅仅;seldom很少;hopefully希望地;right正好。12.A.smileB.nodC.glanceD.wave【解析】选C。这里指的是:都没有瞥一眼,表示没有看一下敲钟人。13.A.firmlyB.closely7\nC.casuallyD.bravely【解析】选B。从破旧的车上下来的年轻妇女带着三个孩子,三个孩子紧跟在她的后面。firmly坚定地;closely紧紧地;casually偶然地;bravely勇敢地。14.A.wornoutB.castdownC.tiredoutD.brokendown【解析】选A。她的衣服和她的车一样破旧。wearout穿破;castdown扔掉;tireout筋疲力尽;breakdown抛锚,出故障。15.A.paidB.passedC.donatedD.rejected【解析】选C。她停在了入口,捐赠了(那个敲钟人)一些钱。pay支付;pass传递;donate捐赠;reject拒绝。16.A.equalityB.sympathyC.approvalD.warmth【解析】选D。这里的意思是:就在那一刻,我感觉到了温暖。equality平等;sympathy同情;approval支持;warmth温暖。17.A.leftB.visitedC.reachedD.missed【解析】选A。我没有了羡慕和讨厌,意思是指羡慕和讨厌离开了我。leave离开;visit参观;reach到达;miss错过。18.A.tookB.handedC.droppedD.started【解析】选C。我从钱包里拿出了钱,投在他的盒子里。take拿;hand递给;drop投,掷;start开始。19.A.salesmanB.bellringerC.womanD.mandriver【解析】选B。这里是指祝福敲钟人圣诞快乐。20.A.wealthB.luckC.insideD.outside【解析】选C。我现在虽然感觉贫穷,但是内心(inside)富有。wealth财富;luck运气;inside内心;outside外面。7\n四、单句改错1．Iwouldappreciateverymuchifyoucouldgivemeanearlyreply.________________________________________________________答案：appreciate后加it　Iwouldappreciateitif...是固定句式，意为“如果……我会十分感激”。2．Theclimbersknewhowtheycouldprotectthemselvesfrominjured.________________________________________________________答案：from后加being　from是介词，且themselves和injure之间存在被动关系，因此使用动名词的被动结构，即beinginjured。3．Thegovernmentshouldpayattentiontheproblemsthatstayathomechildrenarefacedwith.________________________________________________________答案：attention后加to　payattentionto“注意……”。4．Thewildpopulationofkoalasisindangerofdyingaway.________________________________________________________答案：away→out　dieout“灭绝”。5．Shewaspleasedwiththewaywhichhehadacceptedhercriticism.________________________________________________________答案：which前加in或which→that或去掉which　theway作先行词，且在定语从句中作状语时，其引导词有三种形式：inwhich或that或不填。7