2022版高考英语一轮基础习选题Unit3Computers含解析新人教版必修2

Unit3Computers李仕才一、阅读理解Theweddingtraditionof“somethingold，somethingnew，somethingborrowedandsomethingblue”hasbeenaroundforhundredsofyears.Thetraditionofcarryingorwearingoneofeachitemissaidtobringluckandfortunetothenewlymarriedcouple.Haveyoueverstoppedtothinkwhatthesayingreallymeans？Whatisitsoriginandwhatdoeseachitemrepresent?TheoriginalsayingdatesbacktotheVictoriatimesandstates，“somethingold，somethingnew，somethingborrowed，somethingblueandasilversixpenceinyourshoe.”SomethingoldAbridemaywearorcarrysomethingoldtorepresenthercontinuedtiestoherfamilyandheroldlife.Manybrideswearapieceoffamilyjewelryastheirolditem.Somebridesweartheweddingdresswornbytheirmotherorgrandmother.Inmanycases，somethingoldmayalsobesomethingborrowed.SomethingnewWearingsomethingnewissupposedtorepresentsuccessandhopeinthebride'snewlifeandinhermarriage.Ifthebridepurchasesherweddingdress，itmayrepresenthernewitem，butanyitemthatisnewmaybeused.Something“new”isusuallytheeasiestkindtofill.SomethingborrowedTheborroweditemshouldbesomethingborrowedfromafriendthatishappilymarried.Itissaidthattheirhappinesswillruboffonyouandbringlastinghappinesstoyourmarriage.Somebridesborrowanitemofclothing，apieceofjewelry，ahandkerchieforperhapsabeaded(饰以珠子的)purse.SomethingblueWearingsomethingbluedatesbacktoancienttimeswhenablueweddingdresswasworntorepresentpurity，fidelityandlove.AsilversixpencePlacingasilversixpenceinthebride'sleftshoeissaidtobeasymbolofwealth.Thisnotonlyreferstofinancialwealth，butalsoawealthofhappinessandjoythroughouthermarriedlife.Sincemostbridesprobablydon'tevenknowwhatasixpenceis，thispartofthetraditionisnotusedveryofteninmoderntimes.However，ifabridewouldliketoincludeitinherwedding，shecanpurchaseasilversixpencefrommanycompaniesthatsellbridalsuppliessuchasgarters(袜带)andinvitations.1．Whydoesthefirstparagraphendwithtwoquestions?A．Toinvitereaderstoanswerthematonce.10\nB．Toshowtheimportanceofthistradition.C．Tohavereaders'interestandattention.D．Totestreaders'knowledgeaboutwedding.2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Somethingoldmightalsobesomethingborrowedactually.B．Thepartofthetradition“asilversixpence”isneverusednow.C．Theborroweditemcanbesomethingborrowedfromanyfriend.D．Somethingnewisusuallythemostdifficultandexpensivekindtofill.3．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Nobridesnowarenotfamiliarwiththesilversixpence.B．Everyitemrepresentssomethinggoodforthenewcouple.C．Thebridewillbemorebeautifulwithallthesefiveitems.D．Ofthefiveitems，somethingblueisthemostimportantone.4．Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword“fidelity”inthesixthparagraph?A．Success.　B．Wealth.C．Loyalty.D．Opportunity.【解题导语】本文是一篇总分结构的说明文，介绍了西方一种传统的婚礼习俗的起源和含义。1．C　考查推理判断。根据文章内容可知，这两个问句承上启下，引起读者的阅读兴趣和注意力。2．A　考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Inmanycases,somethingoldmayalsobesomethingborrowed”可知，一些老的物件也可以是借来的。根据最后一段中的“thispartofthetraditionisnotusedveryofteninmoderntimes”可知，B选项错误；根据第五段中的“Theborroweditemshouldbesomethingborrowedfromafriendthatishappilymarried”可知，C项错在“anyfriend”；D项与文中的“Something‘new’isusuallytheeasiestkindtofill”不符，故排除。3．B　考查推理判断。通读全文可推测出，这几样新婚佩戴的物件都会给新婚夫妇带来好处。根据最后一段中的“Sincemostbridesprobablydon'tevenknowwhatasixpenceis”可知，现在大部分新娘都不知道六便士硬币是什么，故A选项“现在，新娘都熟悉六便士硬币”错误；C选项错误，文中只说这些物件会给新婚夫妇带来好处，并未涉及新娘佩戴这些物件后是否漂亮的问题；这五种物件哪个更重要文中并未提及，因此D项错误。4．C　考查词义猜测。根据语境并结合画线词前的purity和其后的love可推知，“fidelity”此处意思为“忠诚”，即“loyalty”。10\n二、单句语法填空1．EveryyearafloodoffarmersarriveinShenzhenforthemoneymakingjobsthey________(promise)before.答案：havebeenpromised　由主句谓语动词的时态及从句的时间副词before可知，本从句的谓语动词应用现在完成时，且they和promise之间存在被动关系，故填havebeenpromised。2．________(person),Ithinkheisaverygoodman,butyoumaynotagree.答案：Personally　副词personally“就我个人而言”，相当于personallyspeaking。3．Itwon'tbelong________weknowtheresultoftheexperiment.答案：before　Itwon'tbelongbefore...“不久之后就……”，是固定句式。4．Hewas________(total)uninterestedinsports.答案：totally　应用副词修饰形容词uninterested，故填totally。5．Anhourlater,Iwokeupsuddenlywiththe________(solve)clearlyinmind.答案：solution　由空前the可知此处应用名词solution“解决方法”。6．Amanstoodupandcrossedhisarmsoverhishead,________(signal)thathewasstronglyopposed.答案：signalling　句中已有谓语动词stood和crossed，由空前逗号知应用非谓语动词形式，且signal与逻辑主语Aman之间是主动关系，且signal和句子谓语stoodup及crossed所表示的动作同时发生，因此填signalling。7．Severalproblemslikethose________(arise)atthepowerplantsofar.答案：havearisen　由“sofar”可知应用现在完成时。8．Thestudentsarelookingforwardtohavinganopportunity________(explore)societyforreallifeexperience.答案：toexplore　haveanopportunitytodosth.“有机会做某事”。9．Thelawneedstobe________(simple)．答案：simplified　needtodosth.“需要做某事”，由设空前的be动词及句意可知，此处需用动词的过去分词构成被动语态，故填simplified。10．Wereceived400________(apply)forthejob.答案：applications　由修饰限定词400可知，此处应填名词，且用其复数形式。三、完形填空Walkingthroughtheparkoneautumnday,Ipassedsomechildrensellinghot10\nchocolate.Onegirl,1,asked,“Wouldyouliketohelp2ourparkandplayground?It’sonly50centsacup.”Ofcourse,Icouldn’tresistit,andfelt3thatkidsthisyounghadsucha(an)4inimprovingtheircommunity.Itseemsthatthisgroupofkids,whowerehavinggreatfunpouringhotchocolateandfeeling5thattheywerehelpingalocalcause,alreadygraspedafundamentalideaabout6outtohelpothers:Itfeelsgreat!Nomatteryourageorthesizeofyourgesture,whetheritisgivingoutdrinks,bakingcookies,7toystounderprivileged(贫困的)kids,8apetfromashelter,orgivingclothingtohomelesspeople,givingdoesaheartgood.Thisvaluable9usuallyshinesbrightestaroundtheholidays--atimewhenwepauseto10onourgoodfortuneandonthosenotso11.Butit’sreallyanimportantyear-roundlesson,andnotjustbecausebeingcharitable(仁慈的)isthe12thingtodo.Givingtoothershelpslessentwomajor13ontoday’sfamilies.Theonslaught(狂轰烂炸)ofmaterialismwithits14onself-centeredness.Fromaconstantonslaughtof15—onTV,inthemovies,andoncomputerscreens—weare16to“need”thenextcoolgadget(小玩意),pairofsportsshoes,ortoys.Ourchildrenareparticularly17influencedbyadvertiserswhofocusontheirdesiretofitin,whichinturncanleadtoa“giveme”mindset(心态)early.Theover-exposuretobadnews,whichcauses18.Inthepastfewyears,terrifyingimagesofviolenceandchaoshavebeendifficultto19.Thesetragiceventsupsetourchildrenandcanleavethemfeelingpowerlessandsad.Wecan’tcompletelyshelterourchildrenfromthese20.Butwecancombattheirinfluencebyteachingourchildrentogivetheirtimeandtalentstohelpothers—anactthatchangesthewayoftheworld.1.A.sighingB.weepingC.smilingD.bargaining10\n【答案】C【解析】根据本空后的“Wouldyoulike”可知，这个小女孩是笑着(smile)问“我”的，故C项正确。2.A.supportB.promoteC.replyD.trust【答案】A【解析】根据本空后的“ourparkandplayground”可知，这个小女孩是笑着问“我”是否愿意帮助支持(support)他们的公园和操场的建设，故A项正确。3.A.confusedB.absorbedC.urgedD.impressed【答案】D【解析】根据本空前的“Icouldn’tresistit”可知，这个小女孩的请求让“我”觉得印象是深刻的(impressed)，故D项正确。4.A.interestB.investmentC.hatredD.adventure【答案】A【解析】根据本空后的“inimprovingtheircommunity.”可知，让“我”印象深刻的是这个小女孩对改善社区有如此大的兴趣(interest)，故A项正确。5.A.awfulB.desperateC.proudD.doubtful【答案】C【解析】根据本空后的“theywerehelpingalocalcause”可知，这些孩子为帮助地方事业建设而感到骄傲(proud)，故C项正确。6.A.blowingB.leakingC.breakingD.reaching【答案】D7.A.abandoningB.classifyingC.sellingD.donating【答案】D【解析】根据本空后的“tounderprivilegedkids”可知，此处是说给贫困儿童捐赠(donate)玩具，故D项正确。8.A.adoptingB.adaptingC.adjustingD.abusing10\n【答案】A【解析】根据本空后的“apetfromashelter”可知，此处是说从庇护所领养(adopt)一个宠物，故A项正确。9.A.suggestionB.lessonC.academyD.determination【答案】B【解析】根据本空后的“usuallyshinesbrightestaroundtheholidays”及下文中“lesson”的提示可知，这个宝贵的教训(lesson)在整个假期闪闪发光，故B项正确。10.A.dependB.commentC.feedD.reflect【答案】D【解析】根据本空后的“onourgoodfortune”可知，此处是说我们停下来思考(reflecton)我们的好运，故D项正确。11.A.worn-outB.eye-catchingC.laid-offD.well-off【答案】D【解析】根据本空前的“goodfortune”可知，此处是说那些并不富裕的(well-off)人，故D项正确。12.A.ambiguousB.convenientC.rightD.innocent【答案】C【解析】根据本空前的“beingcharitable”可知，此处是说仁慈是正确的(right)事情，故C项正确。13.A.illnessesB.stressesC.chancesD.burdens【答案】B【解析】根据本空前的“Givingtoothershelpslessen”可知，此处是说帮助他人缓解生活中的两大压力(stress)，故B项正确。14.A.effectB.emphasisC.adviceD.analysis【答案】B10\n【解析】根据本空后的“self-centeredness”可知，此处是说物质主义强调(emphasis)自我为中心，故B项正确。15.A.advertisingB.competingC.meetingD.negotiating【答案】A【解析】根据下文中的“advertisers”可知，此处是说广告(advertising)的狂轰滥炸，故A项正确。16.A.prohibitedB.encouragedC.frightenedD.threatened【答案】B【解析】根据本空后的“to‘need’thenextcoolgadget(小玩意),pairofsportsshoes,ortoys.”可知，广告的狂轰滥炸目的是鼓励(encourage)我们买东西，故B项正确。17.A.easilyB.slightlyC.increasinglyD.indirectly【答案】A【解析】上文说广告的狂轰滥炸鼓励我们买东西，此处是说我们的孩子特别容易(easily)受其影响，故A项正确。18.A.advanceB.embarrassmentC.disagreementD.fear【答案】D19.A.winB.avoidC.persuadeD.defeat【答案】B【解析】根据本空后的“Thesetragiceventsupsetourchildrenandcanleavethemfeelingpowerlessandsad.”可知，暴力和脏乱的画面很难避免(avoid)，故B项正确。20.A.realitiesB.requestsC.profitsD.applications【答案】A10\n【解析】根据本空后的“Butwecancombattheirinfluencebyteachingourchildrentogivetheirtimeandtalentstohelpothers”可知，此处是说我们虽然不能让孩子们免受这些现实(reality)的冲击，但可以通过教他们帮助他人来对抗这种影响，故A项正确。四、单句改错1．Wearesurethateverythingwillbebetterwithtimegoesby.________________________________________________________答案：with→as或goes→going　astimegoesby与withtimegoingby均表示“随着时间的推移”。as在此为连词，后接句子；with为介词，可看作with的复合结构作状语。2．Canyougivemesomeadviceonwhattodealwiththisproblem?________________________________________________________答案：what→how或deal→do　whattodowith...＝howtodealwith...“如何处理……”。3．ThereisverymuchhomeworkthatIcan'thavemuchtimetoexperiencenature.________________________________________________________答案：very→so　so...that...“如此……以至于……”。4．Hewaslateasaresulttheheavysnow.________________________________________________________答案：result后加of　asaresultof...“由于……”。5．IamalwaysdreamingofvisitingChina,andnowmydreamhasbeencometrue.________________________________________________________答案：去掉been　cometrue是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。五、七选五Everyonemakesmistakes.1.___________Makingamistakeatwork，however，canbemoreserious.Itmaycauseproblemsforyouremployerandevenaffectthecompany’sbottomline.Evilconsequenceswillfinallycomedowntoyou.Simplycorrectingyourmistakeandmovingonmaynotbeanoption.Whenyoumakeamistakeatwork,yourcareermaydependonwhatyoudonext.Admityourmistake.Tellyourbossaboutyourmistakeimmediately.Theonlyexceptionisifyoumakeaninsignificanterrorthatwillnotaffectanyone.Otherwise，don’ttrytohide10\nyourmistake.2.___________．Presentyourbosswithaplantofixyourmistake.Whenyougotoyourboss’sofficetoadmityourmistake，youmusthaveaplanforcorrectingit.Presentyourplanclearly.Tellyourbosshowlongitwilltaketocarryoutyourplanandifthereareanycostsinvolved.Don’tblameanyoneelseforyourmistake.3．___________．Encouragethosewhomayshareresponsibilitytofollowyourleadinadmittingtoyourboss.4．___________．There’sabigdifferencebetweenadmittingyourmistakeandbeatingyourselfupaboutit.Takeresponsibilitybutdon’tblameyourselfformakingit，especiallyinpublic.Correctyourmistakeonyourowntime.Ifyouhavetospendextrahoursatworktocorrectyourmistake，don’texpecttobepaidforthattime.5.___________．A．Apologizeforyourmistakebutdon’tbeatyourselfupB．UsuallyyoucancorrectyourerrororjustforgetaboutitandmoveonC．YoucanuseyourlunchhourorcomeintoworkearlyD．Pointingfingerswon’thelpyouifyoumakeamistakeE．StrengthenyourfriendshipwithyourbossF．You’llfeelashamedifyourcolleaguetakestheresponsibilityforyouG．Youwilllookterribleifsomeoneelsediscoversit【解题导语】　每个人都会犯错误，但是在工作中犯错常常导致严重的后果。如何改正工作中所犯的错误呢？本文给出了五点建议。1．B　解析：根据空处前句“每个人都会犯错误”并结合下文的“Simplycorrectingyourmistakeandmovingonmaynotbeanoption.”可知，空处与下文对应，故此处应选B。你通常会改正错误，或者干脆忘记它继续前行。2．G　解析：由空前一句可知，不要掩盖错误；据此可以判断，选G项，陈述掩盖错误的后果。3．D　解析：根据该段标题“Don’tblameanyoneelseforyourmistake.”可知，不要为你的错误指责他人；据此可知，该段主要阐述“不要推卸责任”这一建议，故选D项。4．A　解析：根据空处位置可知，空处为该段标题，即该段的主旨；根据该段的第一句“There’sabigdifferencebetweenadmittingyourmistakeandbeatingyourselfupaboutit.”可知，该段主要阐述“为自己的错误道歉但是不要太责怪自己”，故选A项。10\n5．C　解析：根据该段标题“Correctyourmistakeonyourowntime.”可知，该段主要阐述“用自己的时间去改正错误”这一建议；C项中的“yourlunchhourorcomeintoworkearly”与“yourowntime”对应，故C项正确。10