2022版高考英语一轮基础达标选题Unit3Computers含解析新人教版必修2

Unit3Computers李仕才一、阅读理解Mahendra,aformerseniorofficerattheStateBankofIndia,talksabouthisdisabledandwoundeddogslikeafatherabouthischildren—withthesamelove,affection,andwarmth.He'sawell­knownanimalrightsactivist,thesecretaryatPeopleforAnimals(PFA).ButnothingexplainsMahendrabetterthanhisloveforanimals.ItwasthislovethatledhimtoestablishIndia'sfirstshelterhomefordogslivingwithdisabilities.   Itallstartedin1998when,whiletakingamidnightwalk,Mahendracameacrossaveryweakdogonthestreet,whoseboneswereseenunderitsskin.Mahendradecidedtofeeditandforthenextcoupleofdaysitbecamethecentreofhislife,untilthenightwhenhefounditdead.Sincethen,Mahendrastartedprovidingtreatmenttoallwoundedandsickdogshecameacross.Aftersometime,somebodytoldMahendraaboutPFA,India'slargestanimalwelfareorganization,chairedbyMrsManekaGandhi.Mahendracontactedherand,impressedbytheworkhewasdoing,MrsGandhiaskedhimtostartaPFAchapterinAhmedabad.   Thus,in2022,hestartedtheshelter.IttookalongtimeforMahendratofindlandwherethesheltercouldbesetup.Finally,RameshBhaiPatel,afarmerfromavillagenamedJundal,agreedtogivehislandfornothing.Alongwithateamoffourdoctorsandmanyvolunteers,theshelternowhastwenty­fivedogsthatwereunabletowalkatallwhentheywerebroughtin.Today,they'reslowlyhealing.   Dogsthathavehealedwithpropertreatmentaresentbacktowheretheycamefromiftheenvironmentthereissafe.However,theshelterwillbehometotheblinddogsforalltheirlives,saysMahendra.   TheshelterrunsonthemoneycomingfromMahendra'sownpocket.TherehavebeensomefinancialcrunchesnowandthenbutMahendraisdeterminedthatnomatterwhatchallengescometheirway,they'llfightthrough.1.FromParagraph1,whatcanweknowaboutMahendra?A.Hisaffectionfor8\nanimals.B.Hisloveforseniorpeople.C.Hiscarefordisabledpeople.D.Hisdevotiontoprotectinghischildren.2.Mahendradecidedtodosomethingforanimalsbecauseof________.A.thedeathofahomelesssickdogB.hismeetingwithasickdogonenightC.theencouragementofMrsGandhiD.hiscontactwiththeorganizationPFA3.Inhisefforttobuildtheshelter,Mahendra________.A.spentmuchmoneyhiringalandB.receivedlittlesupportfromothersC.gotafreelandfromafarmerD.wasfinanciallysupportedbythegovernment4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“crunches”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Aids.B.Markets.C.Services.D.Difficulties.参考答案：1.A;2.A;3.C;4.D解析：1.[细节题。根据第1段“ButnothingexplainsMahendrabetterthanhisloveforanimals.ItwasthislovethatledhimtoestablishIndia'sfirstshelterhomefordogslivingwithdisabilities”可知,Mahendra热爱动物。]2.[推断题。根据第2段可知,一只流浪狗的死亡让Mahendra决定为动物做些事情。]3.[细节题。根据第3段“Finally,RameshBhaiPatel,afarmerfromavillagenamedJundal,agreedtogivehislandfornothing”可知,Mahendra在找地方给狗建庇护所时得到了一块免费的地。]4.[词义推测题。根据后文“...butMahendraisdeterminedthatnomatterwhatchallengescometheirway,they'llfightthrough”可知,他们时常碰到经济困难。]二、单句语法填空1．EveryyearafloodoffarmersarriveinShenzhenforthemoneymakingjobsthey________(promise)before.答案：havebeenpromised　由主句谓语动词的时态及从句的时间副词before可知，本从句的谓语动词应用现在完成时，且they和promise之间存在被动关系，故填havebeen8\npromised。2．________(person),Ithinkheisaverygoodman,butyoumaynotagree.答案：Personally　副词personally“就我个人而言”，相当于personallyspeaking。3．Itwon'tbelong________weknowtheresultoftheexperiment.答案：before　Itwon'tbelongbefore...“不久之后就……”，是固定句式。4．Hewas________(total)uninterestedinsports.答案：totally　应用副词修饰形容词uninterested，故填totally。5．Anhourlater,Iwokeupsuddenlywiththe________(solve)clearlyinmind.答案：solution　由空前the可知此处应用名词solution“解决方法”。6．Amanstoodupandcrossedhisarmsoverhishead,________(signal)thathewasstronglyopposed.答案：signalling　句中已有谓语动词stood和crossed，由空前逗号知应用非谓语动词形式，且signal与逻辑主语Aman之间是主动关系，且signal和句子谓语stoodup及crossed所表示的动作同时发生，因此填signalling。7．Severalproblemslikethose________(arise)atthepowerplantsofar.答案：havearisen　由“sofar”可知应用现在完成时。8．Thestudentsarelookingforwardtohavinganopportunity________(explore)societyforreallifeexperience.答案：toexplore　haveanopportunitytodosth.“有机会做某事”。9．Thelawneedstobe________(simple)．答案：simplified　needtodosth.“需要做某事”，由设空前的be动词及句意可知，此处需用动词的过去分词构成被动语态，故填simplified。10．Wereceived400________(apply)forthejob.答案：applications　由修饰限定词400可知，此处应填名词，且用其复数形式。三、完形填空Ataxidrivertaughtmealessonincustomersatisfactionandexpectations.Inspiringspeakers__1__thousandsofdollarstogivethiskindoftrainingtocorporatedirectorsandstaff.Itcostmeonlya$12__2__ride.Ihad__3__intoDallasjustforthepurposeofcallingonaclient.Timewaspreciousandmy__4__includedaquickroundtripfromandbacktotheairport.A__5__taxipulledup.Thedriverrushedto__6__thepassengerdoorformeandmade8\nsureIwas__7__seatedbeforeheclosedthedoor.Ashegotinthedriver'sseat，he__8__thattheneatlyfoldedWallStreetJournalnexttomewasformyuse.Hethenshowedmeseveral__9__andaskedmewhattypeofmusicIwouldenjoy.Icouldnotbelievethe__10__Iwasreceiving！Itooktheopportunitytosay，“__11__youtakegreatprideinyourwork.Youmusthavea__12__toshare.”“Youbet，”he__13__，“IusedtobeinCorporateAmerica.ButIwastiredofthinkingmybestwouldneverbegoodenough.I__14__tofindmyrightpositioninlife，whereIcouldfeel__15__ofbeingthebest.Ilovedrivingcars，andfeelinglikeIhavedoneafullday'sworkanddoneit__16__.SoIchosetobecomea__17__.OnethingIknowforsure，tobegoodinmybusinessIjusthavetomeettheexpectationsofmypassengers.__18__，tobegreatinmybusiness，Ihavetogo__19__thecustomer'sexpectations！”Thetaxidrivertaughtmeagreatlife__20__：Goanextramilewhenprovidinganyservicetoothers.1．A.offer　　　　B．chargeC．payD．afford2．A.taxiB．busC．carD．train3．A.drivenB．flownC．ranD．cycled4．A.hopeB．purposeC．planD．choice5．A.privateB．roughC．slowD．clean6．A.openB．lockC．pushD．shut7．A.silentlyB．comfortablyC．tightlyD．casually8．A.declaredB．concludedC．foundD．mentioned9．A.picturesB．mapsC．tapesD．books10．A.serviceB．giftC．invitationD．advice8\n11．A.ActuallyB．ObviouslyC．GraduallyD．Suddenly12．A.chanceB．secretC．storyD．ride13．A.whisperedB．arguedC．sighedD．replied14．A.decidedB．promisedC．happenedD．hesitated15．A.carefulB．proudC．afraidD．curious16．A.earlyB．rapidlyC．cautiouslyD．well17．A.driverB．directorC．clientD．speaker18．A.BesidesB．ThereforeC．HoweverD．Perhaps19．A.againstB．withinC．overD．beyond20．A.methodB．experienceC．lessonD．standard【解题导语】本文主要讲述了一名出租车司机给作者上了一堂关于如何达到客户满意和期望的课。【难句分析】OnethingIknowforsure，tobegoodinmybusinessIjusthavetomeettheexpectationsofmypassengers.分析：本句是一个复合句。Iknowforsure是定语从句。译文：有一件事我可以肯定，那就是想要做好生意，我就必须要满足我的乘客的期望。　　【核心词汇】corporateadj.公司的　clientn．客户preciousadj.珍贵的　extraadj.额外的1．B　根据空后的“thousandsofdollarstogivethiskindoftrainingtocorporatedirectorsandstaff.Itcostmeonlya$12”可知，励志演讲家的培训是要收费的。charge表示“收费”，符合语境。2．A　根据文章第一句“Ataxidrivertaughtmealessonincustomersatisfactionandexpectations”可知，出租车司机收作者12美元。3．B　根据第二段第二句的“Timewaspreciousandmy__4__includedaquick8\naroundtripfromandbacktotheairport”可知，作者当时是乘飞机去的。4．C　根据语境可知，时间很珍贵，作者的计划中包括往返机场的旅程。5．D　根据下文的“theneatlyfoldedWallStreetJournalnexttomewasformyuse”可推知，出租车很干净。6．A　结合“thepassengerdoorforme”可推知，司机赶快跑过来给作者开车门。7．B　根据语境可推知，该司机注重乘客的满意度，所以他一定确保作者乘坐舒适。8．D　根据语境可推知，司机向乘客提醒有杂志可看。mention“提到”。9．C　根据空后的“askedmewhattypeofmusicIwouldenjoy”可推知，司机给作者拿出几盘音乐磁带让他选择。10．A　根据空后的“Iwasreceiving”可推知，作者对出租车司机提供的服务非常吃惊，不敢相信。receivetheservice“接受服务”。11．B　由空后的“Youmusthavea__12__toshare”以及语境可推知，显而易见，作者认为出租车司机为自己的工作自豪。12．C　根据空后的“toshare”以及语境可推知，此处表示有故事分享。13．D　根据语境可知，司机回应了作者的推断。14．A　根据空前的“Iwastiredofthinking”可推知，司机决定行动起来，找到生活中合适的位置而不是一味地想想。15．B　根据第三段第二句的“youtakegreatprideinyourwork”可推知，司机想做到最好并为自己的工作自豪。16．D　根据语境可推知，司机想把工作做好。17．A　根据语境可知，他决定转行当一名司机。18．C　根据语境可知，上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系，故用However“然而”。19．D　根据文章最后一句“Goanextramilewhenprovidinganyservicetoothers”可知，要想做到最好，就要多为客户考虑，超出客户的期望。beyond“超出”。20．C　根据文章开头“Ataxidrivertaughtmealessonincustomersatisfactionandexpectations”可知，此处表示司机给作者上了生动的一课。四、单句改错1．Wearesurethateverythingwillbebetterwithtimegoesby.________________________________________________________答案：with→as或goes→going　astimegoesby与withtimegoingby均表示“随着时间的推移”。as在此为连词，后接句子；with为介词，可看作with的复合结构作状语。2．Canyougivemesomeadviceonwhattodealwiththisproblem?________________________________________________________8\n答案：what→how或deal→do　whattodowith...＝howtodealwith...“如何处理……”。3．ThereisverymuchhomeworkthatIcan'thavemuchtimetoexperiencenature.________________________________________________________答案：very→so　so...that...“如此……以至于……”。4．Hewaslateasaresulttheheavysnow.________________________________________________________答案：result后加of　asaresultof...“由于……”。5．IamalwaysdreamingofvisitingChina,andnowmydreamhasbeencometrue.________________________________________________________答案：去掉been　cometrue是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。五、七选五BuildingTrustinaRelationshipAgainTrustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.　1　Trustisarisk.Butyoucan’tbesuccessfulwhenthere’salackoftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.Unfortunately,we’veallbeenvictimsofbetrayal.Whetherwe’vebeenstolenfrom,liedto,misled,orcheatedon,therearedifferentlevelsoflosingtrust.Sometimespeoplesimplycan’ttrustanymore.　2　It’sunderstandable,butifyou’rewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetyouthere.•　3　Havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.•　4　Ifyou’vebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.Butthere’sadifferencebetweenbeingavictimandlivingwitha＂victimmentality＂.Atsomepointinallofourlives,we’llhaveourtrusttestedorviolated.8\n•Youdidn’tlose＂everything＂.Oncetrustislost,whatisleft?Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.　5　Instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.B.Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.C.Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.D.Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.E.They’vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan’tbeartoletithappenagain.F.Thisknowledgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.G.Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesn’tmeanyou’reignoringwhathappened.【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了人们一旦失去了信任，如何再次建立信任。1.B【解析】根据上句＂信任是我们从过去的经历中获取的一种行为＂和下句＂信任是一种冒险＂可知，此空填B，本句是对第一句话的进一步解释：＂信任是信赖某人＂。2.E【解析】上句＂有时，人们简直无法再信任(别人)了＂；下句＂这是可以理解的＂，由此可推测本句应是解释人们无法信任某人的原因。故填E。3.A【解析】由下句＂对自己有信心能帮助你做出更好的选择＂可知，前一句应是＂学会真正信任自己＂，故填A。4.C【解析】由本段最后一句＂在我们生活中的某些时候，我们的信任会被检验或打破＂可知，此处应填C，意为＂不要认为自己是个受害者＂。5.G【解析】副词＂Instead＂表示转折。可推测这里应是＂看到事物积极的一面并不意味着你无视已经发生的事＂。故填G。8