2022版高考英语一轮基础达标选题Unit2TheOlympicGames含解析新人教版必修2

Unit2TheOlympicGames李仕才一、阅读理解JohannesVermeerissuchaquietandintrospective(内省的)artistthatittookhundredsofyearsforanyonetonoticehewasagenius.AmajorVermeerexhibitionopensthismonthattheLouvreinParis,whosepermanentcollectionincludeshisgreatpaintingofawomanabsorbedinclose,visuallydemandingwork,TheLacemaker(about1669－1670).LikeotherpaintingsbyVermeer,thisimagerepresentsmodernculture.Soattractedaretoday’sartloversbyVermeerthatitwasthoughtshockingwhenarecentsurveyfoundthat82%ofAmericanscan’tnamewhopaintedGirlwithaPearlEarring.Well,maybetheydon’tgotothemoviesmuch.Itisnottruetosayhewasforgotten—thatwouldsuggesthewasfamousinhislifetime.Hewasnot.VermeerwasonemorepainteramongthemanywhoworkedformoneyintheDutchRepublicinthe17thcentury.HewasnotastarlikeRembrandt.Heobviouslytookhimselfandhisartseriously.HisselfreferentialpaintingTheArtofPaintingprovesthat.EventhoughheworkedallhislifeinDelft,hepaintedonly35knownworksandlefthisfamilypoorwhenhediedin1675attheageof43.ItisfittingthatParisiscelebratingVermeer,becauseitwastheFrenchavantgarde(先锋派)inthe19thcenturywhosavedhimfrombeingcompletelyforgotten.ComparehispaintingWomaninBlueReadingaLetterorTheLittleStreetwith,say,EdouardManet’sABarattheFoliesBergère(1882)orCamillePissarro’sTheBoulevardMontmartreatNight(1897)anditiseasytoseewhytheartofVermeerfounditsnaturalaudienceinParisianBohemia.AlltheseartistsarelikelytohaveknownaboutandadmiredVermeerduetotheeffortsofthecriticThoréBürger,aveteranofthe1848Revolution.Vermeer’srediscoveryispartofthehistoryofmodernFrenchart.Vermeerisnotonlyagreatartist.Heisagreatmodernartist.【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了著名画家JohannesVermeer的生平和他的艺术特点。1．HowmanypaintingsproducedbyVermeerarementionedinthetext?A．Four.　　　　　　　　B．Five.C．Six.D．Seven.B　解析：细节理解题。通读全文可知，本文共提及Vermeer的五幅画作，8\n包括第二段提及的TheLacemaker、第三段提及的GirlwithaPearlEarring、第四段提及的TheArtofPainting、第五段提及的WomaninBlueReadingaLetter和TheLittleStreet，故B项正确。2．WhatcanweknowaboutVermeerfromParagraph4?A．Hewaswellknownwhenhewasalive.B．Hegainedagoodfortuneforhisfamily.C．Hedidn’twitnessthepopularityofhisworks.D．Heconsideredpaintingasawaytohavefun.C　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知，尽管他终身在代尔夫特工作，但是直到他在43岁去世时仅留下了35件被人们所知的作品，他是在贫困中离世的；结合第一段可知，人们在数百年后才发现他的艺术价值；据此可以判断，他没能看到他的作品受欢迎，故C项正确。3．WhomadeagreatcontributiontointroducingVermeertootherartists?A．Rembrandt.　　　　　　B．Hisfamily.C．Americanartlovers.D．ThoréBürger.D　解析：细节理解题。根据第六段可知，由于评论家ThoréBürger的努力，Vermeer才被这些艺术家认可，故D项正确。4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．RediscoveryofVermeerB．AnecdotesAboutVermeerC．GreatModernFrenchArtD．TheToughWaytoSuccessinArtA　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了画家JohannesVermeer的生平和他的艺术特点。JohannesVermeer在世时，画作并不为人所知，在贫困中死去；数百年后人们才发现他是艺术天才。故A项最适合作本文的标题。二、单句语法填空1．Ifyoucannotpasstheexam,youwillnot________(admit)intocollege.答案：beadmitted　beadmittedto/intocollege“被大学录取”。2．Inmyopinion,itisyouratherthanhethatshouldtake________(responsible)fortheaccident.答案：responsibility　takeresponsibilityforsth.“为某事承担责任”。3．TherearetoomanyTV________(advertise)betweentheprograms.答案：advertisements　由many可知此空应填名词advertisement8\n“广告”，且应用其复数形式。4．Hewasdisabledfrombirth,butheneverfeltfrustrated,________didhegiveintoanydifficulty.答案：nor　分析句子结构可知，最后一个分句应用部分倒装结构，由前一分句中的never可知，此句表示“也从不”，故填nor。5．Theyreplacedtheirbelovedoldcars________expensivenewsportscars.答案：with　replaceAwithB“用B替换A”。6．It'struethatshemadeamistakebutshehardlydeserves________(lose)herjob.答案：tolose　deservetodosth.“应做某事”。7．Thereseemstobeafierce________(compete)inChinaforseniorhighstudentstoentercollegeoruniversity.答案：competition　由前面的修饰成分afierce可知此处应用名词competition“竞赛，比赛”。8．Eatingproperlyandexercising________(regular)canmakeoneenjoyahealthierandlongerlife.答案：regularly　由前面的properly可知，此处应填副词修饰exercising。9．Hebargained________themerchantforanhourbeforeheboughtthevase.答案：with　bargainwithsb.“与某人讨价还价”。10．Theharderyoutrytobeathim,the________(many)likelyyouwillgethit.答案：more　“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”为常用句式，意为“越……，(就)越……”。三、完形填空OnedaywhenIwas13，myfamilywasworkinginthefieldstoclearawayoldbrushwhensomehowtheelectricfencesparked(冒火花)and__1__afire.Wedidn'tseethefire__2__ithadblockedthewaytotheonlygate.I__3__tojumpoverthefencetosafetybutthefirewasallaroundus.Icouldonlywatchin__4__astheflamescontinuedtorise.LittledidIknowthatmyfatherhadoncebeena(n)__5__andknewwhattodo.__6__withonlyapumpsprayer，buckets,andhisboots，he__7__downtothenearbypond，filledthebucketsandthesprayer，andbegansprayingthe__8__whilemyolderbrotherthrewwaterwiththebuckets.Soonthewind__9__，however，andwiththeFireDepartmenttoofarawaytoarriveintime，myfatherbegan8\ntostamp(踩灭)outtheflamesashemovedtothe__10__，sothatmyfamilywasabletomoveinchbyinchtowardthegate.__11__hearrivedatthegate，hejumpedintothetruck，rolledupthewindows，anddrove__12__thefire.Thenthefirewasputout，andmymotherwaslookingatmyfatherwithher__13__eyes.Afterthat，myfatherbegantellingusabouthisdaysasafirefighter，andmybrotherandIbecame__14__，askinghimwhatotherjobshehaddonebeforehe__15__.Well，itturnedoutthathehaddonejustabout__16__exceptbrainsurgery!Hehadbeeninthemilitaryasacarpenter，carpetlayer，andanelectrician，andhadbuiltB2bombersbeforebeingpoisonedinanaccidentthathad__17__himtoretire.Myfatherhasablooddisorderasaresultofthat__18__，butthathasn'tstoppedhimfrombeingafulltimeelectrician.Toallthosepeoplewhosefathershaveworkedinthemilitaryandinotherdangerousjobs,be__19__ofthem，andrememberthatsomedaytheir__20__mightsaveyourlife.1．A.preventedB．permittedC．witnessedD．started2．A.becauseB．unlessC．afterD．until3．A.wantedB．managedC．promisedD．happened4．A.angerB．horrorC．excitementD．embarrassment5．A.carpenterB．electricianC．firefighterD．educator6．A.ArmedB．SatisfiedC．SharedD．Identified7．A.slidB．fellC．dashedD．walked8．A.treesB．grassC．flamesD．flowers9．A.diedoffB．tookonC．turnedoutD．pickedup10．A.fenceB．truckC．furnitureD．bucket8\n11．A.IfB．OnceC．SinceD．While12．A.throughB．alongC．overD．across13．A.highB．wideC．fastD．far14．A.curiousB．suspiciousC．concernedD．anxious15．A.movedB．resignedC．retiredD．suffered16．A.everythingB．nothingC．somethingD．anything17．A.allowedB．encouragedC．invitedD．forced18．A.fireB．accidentC．attemptD．explanation19．A.afraidB．proudC．carefulD．ashamed20．A.cultureB．learningC．skillsD．languages【解题导语】本文作者通过讲述火灾中父亲扑灭大火的故事，告诉我们曾经在部队和做过其他危险工作的父亲将来某一天可能会用他们的技能拯救我们的生命，我们应为他们感到骄傲。【核心词汇】asaresultof由于，因为(其后跟宾语)beproudof为……感到骄傲1．D　根据该句中的“theelectricfencesparked(冒火花)and__1__afire”可知，此处表示一场火灾开始了。D项意为“开始，使开始发生”，符合语境。prevent“阻止”；permit“允许”；witness“目击”。2．D　直到大火堵住了通往唯一的门的路，我们才发现大火。此处考查“not...until...”结构。3．A　根据语境可知，“我”想(wanted)跳过篱笆，到达安全地带，可是大火包围了我们。manage“设法做成”；promise“许诺”；happen“发生”。4．B　由上文可知，大火包围了我们，“我”只能惊恐地看着火焰继续上升。inhorror“惊恐地”；inanger“生气地”；inexcitement“兴奋地”；in8\nembarrassment“尴尬地”。5．C　根据第二段第一句中的“myfatherbegantellingusabouthisdaysasafirefighter”可知，父亲曾经是一名消防员。carpenter“木匠，木工”；electrician“电工”；educator“教育工作者”。6．A　本题考查bearmedwith的省略结构作状语，意为“用……装备或武装”，故选A项。satisfied“满意的，满足的”；shared“共有的”；identified“可辨认的”。7．C　根据语境可知，父亲应该是冲(dashed)向最近的池塘。slide“滑行”。8．C　根据上下文可知，此处指开始用水喷向火焰(flames)。9．D　根据语境可知，此处表示然而很快，风又变强了。pickup“变大，变强”，符合语境。dieoff“相继死去，先后死去”；takeon“呈现，开始具有(某种特征、面貌等)”；turnout“结果是，证明是”。10．B　根据下文中的“hejumpedintothetruck”可知，父亲走向卡车。11．B　考查连词。A项意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句；B项意为“一……就……，一旦”，引导时间状语从句；C项“自……以来，因为，既然”；D项“当……时候，尽管”。由上下文可知，此处指父亲一到达大门，就跳进了卡车里。故选B项。12．A　根据语境可知，父亲开着卡车从火中穿过。through“通过，穿过”，表示运动发生在某物的空间内；along“沿着”；over“在……上面”；across“从一边到另一边，横过”，表示动作发生在物体的表面。13．B　根据语境可知，父亲开着卡车从火中穿过，火最终被扑灭了，所以母亲睁大(wide)眼睛看着父亲。14．A　根据下文中的“askinghimwhatotherjobshehaddone”可知，我们是很好奇的(curious)。suspicious“怀疑的，猜疑的”；concerned“(与某事)有关的，有牵连的”；anxious“焦虑的，不安的，担心的”。15．C　根据语境可知，我们问父亲在退休(retired)之前还做过其他什么工作。下文中的“toretire”也是提示。16．A　根据第三段对父亲退休前工作的描述可知，父亲做过很多事情，所以此处指除了做脑外科手术之外，父亲几乎什么都做过。everythingexcept“除了……之外什么都……”符合语境。17．D　由上下文可知，那场事故迫使(forced)父亲退休。18．B　根据上下文可知，此处指那场事故(accident)。attempt“尝试”；explanation“解释”。19．B　beproudof“为……感到骄傲”符合语境。ashamed“(因自己所做的事而)羞耻的，内疚的，惭愧的”。20．C　根据上文可知，此处指他们的技能(skills)有朝一日可能拯救你的生命。8\n四、单句改错1．Oneafterother,tropicalstormsbatteredPacificcoastline.________________________________________________________答案：other→another　oneafteranother“一个接一个地”。2．InChina,theseknotsstandoutfriendship,loveandgoodluck.________________________________________________________答案：out→for　standfor“代表；象征”。3．TherestaurantoffersdifferentkindsoftraditionalFujiandishesaswellgoodservice.________________________________________________________答案：well后加as　aswellas“以及……”。4．We'lltakeactivepartinsocialpracticeduringthesummervacation.________________________________________________________答案：take后加an　takeanactivepartin“积极参加……”。5．Youareinthechargeofyourself,notanyoneelse.________________________________________________________答案：去掉the　inchargeof“对……负责；控制……”。五、短文改错Friendshipisveryimportanttoeveryone，especiallytome.Now，IwouldliketodescribeoneofmybestfriendswhosenamearePetou.ThefirstreasonwhyIconsiderhimasmybestfriendisbecausehehasaverywarmpersonality.Healwayssmilepolitelyatme，makemeabsolutelydelightedwhenImeethim.What'smore，honestishisgoodmanner—heneverliesme.Inaddition，heisthecaringandcompassionatefriend.He'swillingtohelpmewheneverIhaveintrouble.ThesecondreasonisthatPetouisreallyexcellently.Heexcelsateverysubject，whichmakesmeadmirehimverymuch.Tosummarize，Petouhasaverygoodpersonality.Besides，hehasagreatabilitytohelpotherfriendsandhim.Ireallylikehim.【答案】Friendshipisveryimportanttoeveryone，especiallytome.Now，IwouldliketodescribeoneofmybestfriendswhosenamePetou.ThefirstreasonwhyI8\nconsiderhimasmybestfriendishehasaverywarmpersonality.Healwayspolitelyatme，meabsolutelydelightedwhenImeethim.What'smore，ishisgoodmanner—heneverliesme.Inaddition，heiscaringandcompassionatefriend.He'swillingtohelpmewheneverIhavetrouble.ThesecondreasonisthatPetouisreally.Heexcelsateverysubject，whichmakesmeadmirehimverymuch.Tosummarize，Petouhasaverygoodpersonality.Besides，hehasagreatabilitytohelpotherfriendsand.Ireallylikehim.第一处：are改为is。考查主谓一致。whose引导的定语从句的先行词是代词“one”，因此谓语动词应该用单数。第二处：because改为that。考查名词性从句。主语为名词reason，表语从句中的连接词要用that。第三处：smile改为smiles。考查动词时态和主谓一致。由“whichmakesme”可知，主句应用一般现在时；主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词应该用单数。第四处：make改为making。考查非谓语动词。make与前面的谓语动词之间无连词，故此处应用现在分词短语作结果状语。第五处：honest改为honesty。考查名词。形容词不能作主语，应该用名词。第六处：lies后加to。考查固定用法。lietosb.意为“对某人说谎”。第七处：the改为a。考查冠词。此处表示他是一个热心并且有同情心的人，表示泛指，应该用不定冠词。第八处：删除in。考查介词。句意：无论何时我有困难，他都愿意帮助我。havetrouble意为“有困难”，in多余。第九处：excellently改为excellent。考查形容词。作is的表语应该用形容词。第十处：him改为me。考查代词。Petou能帮助别人也能帮助我。8