2022版高考英语一轮基础达标选题Unit2TheUnitedKingdom含解析新人教版必修5

TheUnitedKingdom李仕才一、阅读理解。Goodreadsrecommendsthefollowingbooksyouwanttoreadfortheeventtocome.1．TheLyrics：1961－2022ByBobDylanSimon&Schuster,$60Whatit’sabout:Thisheavy,welltimedpublicationcontainslyricsbythesongwriterwhojustwontheNobelPrizeinLiterature,fromhisfirstalbum,BobDylan,throughTempest.What’stolove:Thetimesmaybechanging,butDylan’sfansareconstant,traditionaldevoteeswhowillwantthisepiccollectionfortheirshelves,tositbesidethosebelovedoldlargepapers.2．TaylorSwift:ThisIsOurSongByTylerConroySimon&Schuster,$28Whatit’sabout:AnelegantfanzinecelebratingallthingsaboutTaylorSwift,especiallythepopstar’scountlessfans.What’stolove:Momand/orDad,thefanofTaylorSwift,willthinkyou’reprettycoolifheorshediscoversthistempletoTaylorundertheChristmastree(evenifitisabook)．3．MistyCopelandByGreggDelmanRizzoli,$39.95Whatit’sabout:StarfigurefemaleballetdancerMistyCopelandstrikesapose(95,tobeexact)inphotostakenbetween2022and2022,inthecasualsettingofdancestudios.What’stolove：SincebecomingthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantobenamedaprincipaldancerwiththeAmericanBalletTheatre,Copelandhasbecomeaculturalphenomenon,andDelman’sarrestingpicturescapture(捕捉)hermuscularpowerandelegance.4．NatGeo:TheMostPopularInstagramPhotosByNationalGeographicNationalGeographic,$19.959\nWhatit’sabout:NationalGeographic’spopularInstagramaccount(nearly63millionfollowers)comestobookforminthistitlefilledwitheyepoppingimagesfromaroundtheworld.What’stolove:Here’sproofthatNatGeo’stalentedphotographershaveconqueredsocialmediawhilemaintainingtheusualqualityoftheirwork.Andforfansofmoretraditionalcoffeetablesizebooks,checkoutNationalGeographic’sWild,BeautifulPlaces：PicturePerfectJourneysAroundtheGlobe($40)．【解题导语】　本文主要推荐了几本在圣诞节期间值得阅读的书。1．Whichauthorisnotedforliteratureachievements?A．BobDylan.　　　　　B．TylerConroy.C．GreggDelman.D．NationalGeographic.A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一本书下的“Thisheavy,welltimedpublication...fromhisfirstalbum,BobDylan,throughTempest.”可知，BobDylan在文学方面的造诣很高。2．Forwhateventarethebooksmostprobablyrecommended?A．NewYear’sDay.B．ChristmasDay.C．One’sanniversary.D．Literatureawards.B　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段及第二本书下的“Momand/orDad...undertheChristmastree(evenifitisabook)．”可推知，本文所介绍的书都是为即将到来的圣诞节而推荐的。3．Howmuchwouldaphotographernormallyspendonhisfavouritebookslisted?A．$39.95.B．$19.95.C．$59.9.D．$99.9.D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三本书下的“andDelman’sarrestingpicturescapture(捕捉)hermuscularpowerandelegance”和第四本书及其下的“Andforfansofmoretraditionalcoffeetablesizebooks...PicturePerfectJourneysAroundtheGlobe($40)．”可知，摄影爱好者会对最后介绍的两本书感兴趣，还会对Wild,BeautifulPlaces：PicturePerfectJourneysAroundtheGlobe感兴趣，买这三本书他要花$39.95＋$19.95＋$40＝$99.9。4．Whichbookwouldapopstar’sfanprobablybuy?A．TheLyrics:1961－2022.B．TaylorSwift:ThisIsOurSong.C．MistyCopeland.D．NatGeo:TheMostPopularInstagramPhotos.B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二本书下的“AnelegantfanzinecelebratingallthingsaboutTaylorSwift,especiallythepopstar’scountlessfans.”可知，流行音乐歌手的粉丝们会买TylerConroy写的书。9\n二、单句语法填空1．________(attract)bythemoviestarringJetLi,Idecidedtoseeitagain.答案：Attracted　attract与其逻辑主语I之间为动宾关系，故应用过去分词attracted作状语。2．I'llappreciateitifyoucanreplytomyletter________yourearliestconvenience.答案：at　atyourearliestconvenience为固定短语，意为“尽快”。3．Wewere________(delight)thatweweresuccessfulinourexperiment.答案：delighted　delighted“高兴的；快乐的”，常用于修饰人，表示人的心理活动。4．Itisnecessarythattheproblem________(discuss)atonce.答案：(should)bediscussed　Itisnecessarythatsth./sb.(should)dosth.为固定句型，本句中，theproblem和discuss之间存在被动关系，故用被动语态。5．Iamlookingforwardtobeingtoldaboutyour________(arrange)ofvacation.答案：arrangements　arrangement“安排”，常用复数形式。6．Evenif________(invite)to,Iwon'tgotosuchabadlecture.答案：invited　所填词为状语从句的省略形式，补充完整为：Evenif(Iam)invitedto...。7．MrGreenisinchargeofalargecompany________(consist)ofmorethan2,000workers.答案：consisting　consistof“由……组成”，无被动语态，故应用现在分词形式作后置定语，修饰company。8．Whenwoulditbe________(convenience)foryoutostartwork?答案：convenient　Itisconvenientforsb.todosth.“对某人来说做某事是方便的”。9．Successconsists________theabilitytocontinueeffortsthroughfailures.答案：in　句意：成功在于历经失败却持续努力的能力。consistin“在于”。10．Thisjobdoesn'tpaywell,butit'll________(rough)coveryourdailyexpenses.答案：roughly　roughly“粗略地”，在此处修饰动词cover，应用副词。9\n三、完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。Whenmykidsweresmall，IstartedatraditioninourhouseofgivingeightgiftsoverthecourseoftheeightdaysofHanukkah(光明节)．Ilikedtheideaof__1__acandleeverynightandgivingmychildrenagifttounwrapto__2__.Itwaseasytogointoatoystoreandpickupsomething__3__lessthan$10each，oreven$1each(atthedollarstore)．Mychildrendidn'taskforanythingmuchinparticularandthey__4__whatevertheygot.Astheyearsprogressed，I__5__thetraditionofeightgiftsforeachnightofHanukkah.Butthisyear，Hanukkah__6__somethingelse.Myspecialneedssondecidedthathewantedto__7__acomputer，anditwasuptometobuyallthepartsofit.WhenIwouldn't__8__that，hedecidedhewantedaP1ayStation.ThenAmazongiftcards.Thenmoney.Andwhenitbecameclearthatitwasn'tgoingtohappen，hegot__9__.Ikeep__10__himthatHanukkahisn'taboutgreedormaterialism.It'saboutthemiracleofanoillampthat__11__foreightdays.It'saboutbeing__12__ofourheritage.It'saboutfreedom.Buthe__13__.Iknowdeepdownthathisobsessions(迷恋的物)areoutofhis__14__，anddefinitelyoutofmine.Havingaspecialneedschildisas__15__asitgets.Somedaysarebetterthanothersandnotallholidays__16__thewayIhope.Butdespitehisunrealisticrequests，he'sa(n)__17__childwhoisshowingmethetruemeaningoflife.Andasweenteranewyearandlightthe__18__approachingthetime，Iwelcomehisdifferences__19__Ilearnhowtoturnnegativerequestsinto__20__ones.1．A.buying　　　B．donatingC．lightingD．drawing2．A.celebrateB．presentC．sendD．play3．A.atB．forC．inD．from4．A.ateB．threwC．likedD．drank9\n5．A.heldupB．gaveinC．handedinD．keptup6．A.madeB．becameC．foundD．designed7．A.buildB．buyC．useD．watch8．A.relyonB．learnfromC．agreetoD．dreamabout9．A.calmB．happyC．selfishD．upset10．A.tellingB．warningC．promisingD．accusing11．A.laysB．hangsC．waitsD．burns12．A.tiredB．proudC．afraidD．lack13．A.noddedB．sleptC．insistedD．failed14．A.mindB．sightC．controlD．place15．A.wonderfulB．dangerousC．interestingD．challenging16．A.runoutB．breakdownC．workoutD．putdown17．A.strangeB．amazingC．badD．energetic18．A.candlesB．lampsC．torchesD．lanterns19．A.whenB．asC．unlessD．until20．A.relativeB．possibleC．reasonableD．positive【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者一家过光明节的传统、变化及作者的应对策略和反思。【核心词汇】greedn．贪婪　materialismn．物质主义　miraclen．奇迹9\n1．C　根据下文的“Andasweenteranewyearandlightthe__18__approachingthetime”可知，此处指点蜡烛。2．A　根据上文的“Hanukkah(光明节)”可推知，节日是用来庆祝的。3．B　根据语境“lessthan$10each，oreven$1each(atthedollarstore)”可推知，此处表示东西的价格，故用介词for。4．C　结合语境“Mychildrendidn'taskforanythingmuchinparticular”可推知，孩子们并不挑剔，很喜欢拿到的礼物。5．D　结合下文的转折“Butthisyear,Hanukkah__6__somethingelse”和“Myspecialneedsson”可推知，作者保持那个传统很多年。6．B　根据转折“Butthisyear，Hanukkah__6__somethingelse”和“Myspecialneedsson”可推知，今年有些不同，有了新变化。7．A　根据语境“anditwasuptometobuyallthepartsofit”可推知，儿子要组建一台电脑，要作者去买零配件。8．C　根据下文的“Andwhenitbecameclearthatitwasn'tgoingtohappen,hegot__9__”可推知，作者没同意儿子的要求，儿子就有了其他更多的要求。agreeto“同意”。9．D　很明显，作者没同意儿子的要求，儿子感到难过。upset“难过”。10．A　很明显，作者在不断地给儿子讲道理，说明节日的意义。11．D　根据下文的“Andasweenteranewyearandlightthe__18__approachingthetime”可推知，D项burn“燃烧，发亮”符合语境。12．B　固定搭配beproudof意为“以……为傲，为……而自豪”，符合语境。13．C　根据下文的“Iknowdeepdownthathisobsessions(迷恋的物)areoutofhis__14__，anddefinitelyoutofmine”可推知，儿子不为所动，坚持自己的要求。14．C　根据“obsessions(迷恋的物)”可推知，儿子陷入迷恋的事物之中，已经失控。outofcontrol“失控”。15．D　很明显，作者应对有特殊需求的儿子有些棘手。challenging“挑战性的”。16．C　根据“thewayIhope”可知，有些事情并不像作者希望的那样发展。workout“成功地发展”。17．B　根据语境“whoisshowingmethetruemeaningoflife”可推知，此处的语气表示肯定、赞赏，故选B。amazing“了不起的”。18．A　根据上文的“Ilikedtheideaof__1__acandleeverynight”可知，节日期间作者一家点蜡烛庆祝。19．B　根据语境可知，此处表示逻辑上的因果关系，故选B。as“因为”。9\n20．D　与语境中的“negative”形成对比可知，此处表示把负面要求变成积极要求。positive“积极的”。四、单句改错1．Theoldmanhasbeenfiredandnowayoungmantakesplace._____________________________________________________答案：takes后加his　takeone'splace“代替某人”，相当于taketheplaceofsb.。2．Whenfirstwasintroducedtothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess._____________________________________________________答案：去掉was　前一句子为状语从句的省略形式，当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或主语为it，且谓语部分含有be动词的相应形式时，可以把从句的主语(或it)连同be动词一同省略。3．Myhusbandarrangedmetorideinahotairballoonformybirthday._____________________________________________________答案：arranged后加for　arrangeforsb.todosth.“安排某人做某事”。4．WheninSeniorHigh,myclasswasconsistedof55students._____________________________________________________答案：去掉was　consistof“由……组成”，不用于被动语态和进行时，故将was去掉。5．Toourdelighted,everythinggoeswell._____________________________________________________答案：delighted→delight　toone'sdelight“令某人高兴的是”。五、短文改错MyneighborJackieisalwaysconsiderationtoothers.Oneday，IwasgoingtodeliveraspeechataninstitutewhileIfoundmycarwouldn'tgetstarting.Irushedtothestreettohireataxi.Justatthattime，IcomeacrossJackie.Hewashurriedgoingtoattendhissickmotherinhospital.Furthermore，whenhelearnedaboutmyproblems，hedidn'thesitatetogivemealift.Iarrivedatthelecturehallintime，whentheaudiencehadbeenpresent.IowemygreatthankstomyneighborJackie，whoisapersonreadytohelptheothersatanytime.【答案】9\nMyneighborJackieisalwaystoothers.Oneday，IwasgoingtodeliveraspeechataninstituteIfoundmycarwouldn'tget.Irushedtothestreettohireataxi.Justatthattime，IacrossJackie.Hewasgoingtoattendhissickmotherinhospital.，whenhelearnedaboutmy，hedidn'thesitatetogivemealift.Iarrivedatthelecturehallintime，theaudiencehadbeenpresent.IowemygreatthankstomyneighborJackie，whoisapersonreadytohelpothersatanytime.第一处：consideration→considerate　系动词be后应接形容词作表语，beconsideratetosb.意为“对某人体贴”。故将consideration改为considerate。第二处：while→when　wasdoing...when...是固定句式，when作连词，意为“就在这时……；突然……”。故将while改为when。第三处：starting→started　get在句中是系动词，主语与动词start之间是被动关系，要用被动形式，故将starting改为started。第四处：come→came　根据上下文可知，本文描述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故将come改为came。第五处：hurried→hurriedly　修饰goingto应用副词，而hurried为形容词，意为“匆忙的”。故将hurried改为hurriedly。第六处：在attend后加to　句意为：他正急匆匆地去医院照顾他生病的母亲。attendto是固定搭配，意为“照料”。故在attend后加to。第七处：Furthermore→However　杰基着急去医院，但却毫不犹豫地开车送作者去演讲的地方。上下文是转折关系，故将Furthermore改为However。第八处：problems→problem　“我”的困难就是要着急去作演讲，应用单数。故将problems改为problem。第九处：when→where　此处是一个非限制性定语从句、修饰先行词hall，引导词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导该从句。故将when改为where。第十处：删除the　此处是说杰基是一个乐于助人的人，泛指其他人，不用冠词。故删除the。9\n9