2022版高考英语一轮基础达标选题Unit5NelsonMandel_amodernhero含解析新人教版必修1

Unit5NelsonMandel-amodernhero李仕才一、阅读理解。  HungHsiu-chu,chairwomanofTaiwan'sKuomintangparty,paidtribute(悼念)toKMTfounderSunYat-senathismausoleuminNanjingonOctober31,2022andsaidherfive-daytriptothemainlandpursuesthepeacefuldevelopmentofcross-Straitsrelations.Hung,whoflewtothecapitalofEastChina'sJiangsuprovinceonSunday,saidduringameetingwithNanjingofficialsthatdespiteadifficultcross-Straitssituation,theconnectionbetweenthetwosideswon'tbecutoffandexchangeswillcontinue.“Wecomeinpeace,hopeandmutualtrustbetweenthetwosides,”shesaid.“Itisnotjustforthisgeneration,butalsoforthebenefitforournextgeneration.Ihopetheseedofhopewespreadtodaywillblossomandyieldfruitinthefuture.”   SheflewtoBeijinglateronMondayforaforumonthepeacefuldevelopmentofcross-Straitsrelationsaswellasmeetingswithhigh-levelleadersoftheCommunistPartyofChina.   ItisthefirsttimethatHunghastraveledtothemainlandsincebecomingheadoftheKMTonMarch30,2022.ItalsomarksthefirstvisitbyaKMTleadersincethepartylosttheTaiwanleadershipandalegislativemajoritytotheDemocraticProgressivePartyinelectionsinJanuary.   “IbelieveHung'svisitmeanttoremindpeopleofSun'sspiritandtohelptheKMTChairmenitlosttheelection,”saidNiYongjie,deputydirectoroftheShanghaiInstituteofTaiwanStudies.   BesidesHung,twoKMTchairmen,LienChanandWuPo-hsiung,havevisitedthemausoleum,in2022and2022,respectively.   SunYat-sen,whowasbornin1866inZhongshan,Guangdongprovince,wastheforerunnerofChina'santi-feudalismrevolution.   Markingthe150thbirthdayofSun,Hung'stributealsopromotesexchangesandmutualtrustbetweenthetwosides,saidNi.9\n   SomeNanjingresidentswelcomedHungatthemausoleumwithbannerssaying:“Taiwanandthemainlandbelongtoonefamily.Welcome,ChairwomanHungHsiu-chu.”   LiuXiangping,headoftheInstituteofTaiwanStudiesatNanjingUniversity,said,“AfterHungbecameKMTchairwoman,PresidentXiJinpingsentacongratulatorytelegramtoher,whichshowsthefriendlyinteractionbetweenthetwopartiesandalsothemutualpoliticalfoundationthetwopartieshaveshared,”Theinteractionwillcontinue,andthetwopartieswillbothworkhardforthewell-beingofpeoplefrombothsides,“hesaid.1.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthenewsreport?A.KMTchiefpaystributetoSunYat-senB.FriendlyinteractionbetweenC.PCandKMTC.Hung'svisitmeanstoremindpeopleofSun'sspiritD.KMTchieffliestothecapitalofEastChina'sJiangsuprovince2.hepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword“legislative”inPara5is“________”.A.easytoseeorunderstandB.havingorputtoapracticalpurposeoruseC.basedongeneralideasratherthanonrealthingsandeventsD.connectedwiththeactofmakingandpassinglaws3.WhydidHungHsiuchupayavisittomainlandChina?A.MainlyforsometradeagreementswithmainlandChina.B.Mainlyforthepeacefuldevelopmentofcross-Straitsrelations.C.MainlytovisitsomeplacesofinterestinmainlandChina.D.MainlytoattractmoremainlandChinesetovisitTaiwan.4.AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPTthat________.A.HungHsiu-chubecameheadoftheKMTonMarch30,2022B.SunYat-senwastheforerunnerofC.hina'santi-feudalismrevolutionC.BesidesHung,threeotherKMTchairmenhavevisitedthemausoleumin9\nNanjingD.AfterHungbecameKMTchairwoman,PresidentXiJinpingsentacongratulatorytelegramtoher[事实判断题。根据第五段:Hebelievestheuseofantibioticsinanimalswillsoonincreasesharply可得答案。]参考答案：1.A;2.D;3.B;4.C解析：1.[标题猜测题。根据全文如开头:HungHsiuchu,chairwomanofTaiwan'sKuomintangparty,paidtribute(悼念)toKMTfounderSunYatsenathismausoleuminNanjing可知答案。]2.[词义猜测题。根据第五段:sincethepartylosttheTaiwanleadershipand..和该词后的elections可推出该词是“立法的”的意思。]3.[推理判断题。根据第一段:andsaidherfivedaytriptothemainlandpursuesthepeacefuldevelopmentofcrossStraitsrelations和第四段:SheflewtoBeijinglateronMondayforaforumonthepeacefuldevelopmentofcrossStraitsrelations可得答案。]4.[事实判断题。根据第七段:BesidesHung,twoKMTchairmen,LienChanandWuPohsiung,havevisitedthemausoleum,in2022and2022,respectively可得答案。]二、单句语法填空1．Nowtheirpeacetalkshavereachedakeystage________onesidemustgiveintotheother.答案：where　当先行词是case,position,stage等抽象名词，且在从句中作状语，表示地点时，定语从句使用关系副词where来引导。2．Frommyfirstjobattherestaurant,Ilearnedteamworkand________(devote)．答案：devotion　由teamworkand可知，此处填名词devotion“奉献；忠诚”，作宾语。3．Whenananimalis________attackitcanrunawayorfightback.答案：under　underattack“受到攻击”。4．Shestartedsingingtothebabyand________(reward)withasmile.答案：wasrewarded　rewardsb.withasmile“对某人报以微笑”，根据句意可知，此处应为被动语态。5．Althoughhemadeaseriousmistakeinhiswork,hewasluckytoescape________(fire)byhisboss.答案：beingfired　escapebeingfired“免于被解雇”。6．Ihavesometrouble________(read)theletter,becausehishandwritingisverybad.答案：(in)reading　havetrouble(in)doingsth.“做某事有困难”。9\n7．Insomeplacestherearemanylawsagainst________(cruel)toanimalsbutfewtoprotectchildren.答案：cruelty　空前against是介词，因此本空填名词cruelty“残忍；残酷”。8．Yourteachercangiveyou________(guide)onchoosingacareerandwritingajobapplication.答案：guidance　givesb.guidanceon...“给某人关于……的指导或建议”，故此处填名词guidance“指导”。9．________(educate)usuallyreferstoteachingpeoplevarioussubjects,usuallyataschoolorcollege.答案：Education　此处应用名词education“教育”作主语。10．Theyoungmanwassentencedto________(die)forkillingamiddleschoolstudent.答案：death　besentencedtodeath“被判死刑”。三、完形填空。Mydaughter(now18)wasbornwithahemangiomatumor(血管瘤)byhereye.Atfirstitwassmall,andhardly__1__.Afterfivemonths，itbecamethe__2__ofacoin.__3__Itookherout，peoplecouldnot__4__theircommentstothemselves.“Whohither？”，“Isthatabugbite？”Inevercouldthinkofa(n)__5__responseforthesepeople.Iwas__6__tobekindandunderstanding，andassumedthatotherpeoplehadalsobeentaughtthese__7__.OnedayIwasatthe__8__，withmy3yearoldson，mydaughter，andatthistimepregnantwithmythirdchild.Awoman__9__me，Ithoughtherewego__10__.ShesaidthatGodmustnothavewantedmydaughterto__11__him，asheleftherwitha__12__.Shewentontosaythat__13__withthesekisseswerealwayssurroundedbyangels.Iwasastonished.Whata__14__，morelovingapproachtosomeonewithaproblem!Mydaughterwill__15__thisyearfromHighSchool.Sheisbeautiful.Herearlyyearswerespentinandoutof__16__.Finallythetumorwasremoved，becauseit__17__hervision.Itisnotnoticeable__18__inthebrightsun.Shespentthisyearasthedancescholarforourschool.Shedancedfor4yearsonourdancedrillteam.Shehad__19__manyscholarships.Herlifeiswonderful.Thewomaninthemallmademeabetterparent.Perhaps，this__20__willhelpmakesomeoneelseabetterparent，too.1．A.noticeable　　　　B．bearableC．recognizedD．accepted9\n2．A.colourB．weightC．sizeD．width3．A.OnedayB．EverytimeC．LaterD．Recently4．A.makeB．helpC．tellD．hold5．A.exactB．appropriateC．rudeD．practical6．A.learnedB．broughtC．consideredD．taught7．A.qualitiesB．principlesC．questionsD．opinions8．A.partyB．officeC．mallD．meeting9．A.approachedB．sawC．appreciatedD．called10．A.nowB．laterC．againD．quickly11．A.understandB．leaveC．hateD．remember12．A.scarB．kissC．markD．sign13．A.mothersB．godsC．facesD．babies14．A.strangerB．clevererC．kinderD．happier15．A.developB．succeedC．graduateD．improve16．A.hospitalsB．schoolsC．illnessD．sight17．A.blockedB．stoppedC．injuredD．deepened18．A.despiteB．exceptC．althoughD．because9\n19．A.givenB．provedC．leftD．received20．A.lessonB．storyC．adventureD．tumor【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一个陌生人的暖心话语使作者在女儿的问题上成为了更好的家长，她希望这个故事能够使其他的父母也成为更好的家长。1．A　考查形容词辨析。根据前面的“Atfirstitwassmall”可知，此处应指血管瘤刚开始很小，几乎不能被注意到。A项意为“明显的”，符合语境。B项意为“可忍受的”；C项意为“公认的，经过验证的”；D项意为“可接受的”，均与语境不符。故选A项。2．C　考查名词辨析。上文提到，刚开始，血管瘤很小，几乎不能被注意到；由“Afterfivemonths”可知，此处与上文形成对比，指五个月后，血管瘤长到硬币那样大。C项意为“大小，尺寸”，符合语境。A项意为“颜色”；B项意为“重量”；D项意为“宽度”，均与语境不符。故选C项。3．B　考查状语从句。根据语境可知，此处指每次“我”带她出去玩的时候；分析句子结构可知，空格处引导时间状语从句，everytime意为“每当……的时候”，可引导时间状语从句，符合题意，而其他三项无此用法。故选B项。4．D　考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指人们看到“我”的女儿总是无法停下他们的评论。D项意为“停下”，符合语境。故选D项。5．B　考查形容词辨析。由语境可知，此处指“我”从没想出一个适当的回应给这些人。B项意为“适当的”，符合语境。A项意为“精确的”；C项意为“粗鲁的”；D项意为“实用的”，均与语境不符。故选B项。6．D　考查动词辨析。根据下文“assumedthatotherpeoplehadalsobeentaughtthese”中的“taught”可知，“我”被教导要善良，要体谅别人，所以“我”认为其他人也被这样教导。故选D项。7．A　考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“kindandunderstanding”可知，此处指他们也被教导这样的品质。A项意为“品质”，符合语境。B项意为“原则”；C项意为“问题”；D项意为“观点”，均与语境不符。故选A项。8．C　考查名词辨析。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Thewomaninthemallmademeabetterparent.”中的“mall”可知，此处指一天怀孕的“我”带着女儿和3岁的儿子在商场买东西。故选C项。9．A　考查动词辨析。根据下文可知，此处指有一个女人向“我”走来。A项意为“靠近”，符合语境。B项意为“看见”；C项意为“欣赏，感激”；D项意为“给……打电话”，均与语境不符。故选A项。9\n10．C　考查副词辨析。根据上文人们看见“我”的女儿就会进行评论可知，此处指“我”想在这里“我们”会再次遭遇同样的经历。故选C项。11．B　考查动词辨析。根据下文内容可知，此处指那个女人说，上帝一定是不想让“我”的女儿离开他。B项意为“离开”，符合语境。A项意为“理解”；C项意为“憎恨”；D项意为“记得”，均与语境不符。故选B项。12．B　考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“withthesekisseswerealwayssurroundedbyangels”可知，此处指上帝在“我”女儿的脸上留下了一个吻。B项意为“吻”，符合语境。A项意为“疤痕”；C项意为“标记”；D项意为“迹象”，均与语境不符。故选B项。13．D　考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指有这样吻痕的孩子会永远被天使围绕着。故选D项。14．C　考查形容词辨析。根据“moreloving”可知，此处指这与那些总是进行评论的人相比是更友善、更有爱意的方式。C项意为“更友善的”，符合语境。A项意为“更奇怪的”；B项意为“更聪明的”；D项意为“更快乐的”，均与语境不符。故选C项。15．C　考查动词辨析。根据“fromHighSchool”可知，此处指“我”的女儿今年会高中毕业。C项意为“毕业”，符合语境。A项意为“发展”；B项意为“成功”；D项意为“改善”，均与语境不符。故选C项。16．A　考查名词辨析。根据上文内容可知，作者的女儿患有血管瘤；由此可推知，为了看病，女儿早些年一定是进进出出于医院。故选A项。17．A　考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“Finallythetumorwasremoved”可知，最后，血管瘤被摘除了，因为它阻碍了她的视力。A项意为“阻碍”，符合语境。B项意为“停止”；C项意为“伤害”；D项意为“加深”，均与语境不符。故选A项。18．B　考查词义辨析。根据语境可知，此处指现在，如果不是在明亮的阳光下，她那小小的伤疤一点也不明显。B项意为“除了”，符合语境。A项意为“不管”；C项意为“尽管”；D项意为“因为”，均与语境不符。故选B项。19．D　考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“manyscholarships”可知，此处指女儿得到了许多奖学金。D项意为“收到，拿到”，符合语境。A项意为“给”；B项意为“证明”；C项意为“离开”，均与语境不符。故选D项。20．B　考查名词辨析。纵观全文可知，本文作者叙述的是一个关于自己和女儿的故事。故此处表示，那个在商场里遇到的女人让“我”成为一个称职的家长。或许，这个故事也能够使其他人成为更好的家长。B项意为“故事”，符合语境。A项意为“课，教训”；C项意为“冒险经历”；D项意为“肿瘤”，均与语境不符。故选B项。长难句分析：ShesaidthatGodmustnothavewantedmydaughtertoleavehim,asheleftherwithakiss.(第二段第一句)分析：本句是复合句。that引导宾语从句，作said的宾语；mustnothavedone表示对过去事实的否定推测，意为“一定不……”；as引导原因状语从句。9\n译文：她说上帝一定是舍不得让我的女儿离开他，因为他留给了她一个吻。词汇积累：tumorn．瘤　pregnantadj.怀孕的visionn．视力，视线　scholarshipn．奖学金四、单句改错1．Ihope,firstofall,thatweshallneverloseourheartinfaceoffailure.________________________________________________________答案：去掉our　loseheart“失去信心”，为固定搭配。2．Sheisveryweakandnotequaltomakealongjourney.________________________________________________________答案：make→making　beequalto“胜任……”，其中to是介词。3．Thousandsofpeopleturnedtowatchyesterday'smatchagainstIreland.________________________________________________________答案：turned后加up　turnup“出现；露面”。4．ThefirsttimewhenImethim,hewasworkingasasecretaryinabigcompany.________________________________________________________答案：去掉when　Thefirsttime在此处引导时间状语从句。5．Onlywhenwehadstudiedthedataagainwerealizethattherewasamistake.________________________________________________________答案：we前加did　“only＋状语从句”放句首，句子应用部分倒装结构。五、短文改错Lastweekend，myparentsandIstartearlytovisitmygrandpainthecountrysidewhereisabout80kmaway.Whenwearrived，wesawsomedisheshadbeenpreparingforus.Mygrandpawasmorethanhappytoseemeorhavedinnerwiththem.Asmygrandpaisagoodcook，soweateupallthedeliciousdishes.Afterdinner，helistenedmyreportaboutthelifeinschool.Hetoldmetotakemoreexercisetostayhealth.Healsotoldmetostudyhardlytogetfurthereducationinakeyuniversitytomakethegreatercontributiontoourmotherland.【答案】Lastweekend，myparentsandIearlytovisitmygrandpainthecountryside9\nisabout80kmaway.Whenwearrived，wesawsomedisheshadbeenforus.Mygrandpawasmorethanhappytoseemehavedinnerwith.Asmygrandpaisagoodcook,weateupallthedeliciousdishes.Afterdinner，helistenedmyreportaboutthelifeinschool.Hetoldmetotakemoreexercisetostay.Healsotoldmetostudytogetfurthereducationinakeyuniversitytomakegreatercontributiontoourmotherland.第一处：考查动词的时态。根据“Lastweekend”可知，应用过去时态。故将start改为started。第二处：考查定语从句。where是关系副词，不能在定语从句中作主语，应改为which或that。第三处：考查动词的语态。句意为：当我们到达的时候，我们看到一些饭菜已经为我们准备好了。“dishes”和prepare之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。第四处：考查连词。根据语境可知，“很高兴见到我”和“与我们一起吃饭”是递进关系。故用连词and连接。第五处：考查代词。根据上下文逻辑关系，此处是和“我们”一起进餐，不是和他们。第六处：考查连词。根据句意：“因为我奶奶是一位优秀的厨师，我们吃光所有的饭菜。”so不与as连用。第七处：考查介词。listentomyreport“听我的报告”，listen为不及物动词，跟宾语加to。第八处：考查形容词。stay为系动词，故应该用形容词。第九处：考查副词。studyhard意为“努力学习”。第十处：考查冠词。makeagreatcontributionto对……做出杰出贡献。9