2022版高考英语阅读理解一轮练题11含解析

2022版高考英语阅读理解一轮练题（十一）李仕才AOnChristmasEve,1944,mygrandmotherurgedmyuncle,then12yearsold,toslipoutoftheconcentrationcampwheretheywereimprisonednear15mileseastofViennatogotoDeutsch-Wagram.“PeoplearecharitablearoundChristmastime,”GrandmaLilisaidtoherson,Gyuri.“Askforsomefood.Anythingtheycanspare.Tellthemthatwe’reontheedgeofstarvation.Tellthemthatyour3-year-oldsistercannotgetoffthebedbecauseshe’soutgrownhershoes.”Inthedarkofthatnight,GyurisecretlyleftthecampandwalkednearlyfourmilestoDeutsch-Wagram,theclosesttown.Hehappeneduponahouseandknockedonthefrontdoor.Awomanopenedthatdoor.Shewasprobablyalone,hermanfaraway,fightinginthewar,herchildrenasleepintheirbeds.The12-year-oldpiecedtogetherinGermanexactlywhathismotherhadtoldhimtosay.“Comebacktomorrow,"whisperedthewoman.Thenextday,myunclereturned.Thewomanopenedthedoorwithasmile.Shepiledhishandswithbread,clothing,apairofshoesthatherchildhadoutgrownandapairofsocks.Thewomanhadknittedwarmsocksformymother.Afterputtingonthesocksandshoesthatfit,mymothergotoffthebedindelight.Herraggedshoeswerepassedontoayoungerchildwhowasalsolivinginthecamp.Theysharedtheirunexpectedharvestwiththeentirecamp.ItwasaquietcelebrationofhumankindnessaroundChristmastime.InApril1945,mymother,uncleandgrandmotherwereliberated.Anditwasthoseverysocksandshoesthatmymotherworeasshewalkedsome28milesovertwodaystoBratislavaonherwalktoanewlife.Totheunknowngiver,Ithankyou.Inthedesperationofacoldandsnowyland,whenmanyheartswereclosedanddeathwasmorelikelythanlife,especiallyforJews,yougavethemhopeandcomfort.1.WhatdidGyurimanagetodoonChristmasEve?A.Getpermittedtogoout.B.Receivefoodandclothing.C.Expresswhathisfamilyneeded.D.CelebrateChristmasinthecamp10\n2.Whydoestheauthormentionshoessomanytimes?A.Toprovethetruthofthestory.B.Tohelpthedevelopmentofthestory.C.Toattractreaders’attentiontothestory.D.Tomakeclearthebackgroundofthestory.3.Whatfeelingdidtheauthorwritethetextwith?A.DesperationB.Gratefulness.C.ExcitementD.Sorrow.4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.LightindarknessB.PeacetocommonpeopleC.CourageinfaceofdangerD.TheinfluenceofChristmas【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了1944年圣诞前夕，奶奶一家在集中营里日子艰难，迫不得已12岁的叔叔秘密走出集中营去附近的村庄求助，一位善良的女士给予了他们一家一些物质上的帮助。这位好心人的善举给了过着暗无天日的日子的奶奶一家不仅是物质上的帮助还有对未来的希望，最终一家人坚持到光明的到来。2.B推理判断题。开始提到鞋子是Gyuri妹妹没有合脚的鞋穿是他逃出集中营求助的原因之一，Gyuri的妹妹有了合脚的鞋后，小了的鞋就被送给了集中营里的一个比她小的孩子，而Gyuri的妹妹穿着好心人送的鞋迎来了自由，一家人走向了新生活，鞋子贯穿这个故事，因此推断作者多次提到鞋的原因是为了有助于故事的发展和文章主题的升华。故选B。4.A【解析】主旨大意题。纵观全文特别是文章最后一段可知，在积雪覆盖的寒冷的冬天，人们封闭自己，死亡比活下去更容易的情况下，这位善良的人不仅给予了奶奶一家物质上的帮助，而且给了他们希望和抚慰。就像黑暗中的亮光鼓励他们走向新的生活。因此推断这篇文章歌颂了黑暗中人性光明的一面。故选A。10\nB(2022·安徽江南十校一模)Thirteenyearsago,mybrotherdied.Iwasinseveresorrow.Irememberputtingonefootinfrontoftheother—thingsneededtogetdone,tasks,completed—butfeelingterriblyemptyinside.Fouryearslater,Ihasstillnotgottenajob.Mysavingshadrunout.In2022,Ibegantothinkaboutrebuildingmylife.WhenIwasoutwalkingmydog,Macarena,whomIhadboughtayearaftermybrother’sdeath.IhadthefeelingthatifIcouldgetcontrolovermyhair,Icouldgetcontrolovermylife.Myhairhasannoyedmeformostofmylife.It’shuge,curlyandhasalifeallitsown.Ihavecountlesshairstoriesthatcouldeasilybecomehorrorstories!Forexample,oncemymothertookmetogetmyhairdoneatabeautysalonandthestylistgavemeacutthatlookedlikeamonster!Now,youseewhymasteringmyhairwassoimportanttome.IwatchedcountlessYouTubevideosfromacommunityofwomenwhosharedhairstyles,whichwasado-it-yourselfcommunityIwasinspiredby.AsIstartedtodevelopamorelovingrelationshipwithmyhair,Irealizedmycurlyhairwasteachingmealotaboutpatience.Thatshedding(脱落)isanimportantpartofthe“lettinggo”processtomakewayforthenew.Ourhairistheonlypartwecancutoff,growback,color,curlandstraighten.Theonlythingwecanchangeatwillistotelltheworldwhoweare.NowI’mthecaptainofmyship.Butformyhair,Iwouldneverhaveknownthat.1.Aftertheauthor’sbrotherdied,she　　　. A.lostherjobandwasbathedintearsB.wasverysadandunabletodoanythingC.couldn’trecoverfromthelossofherbrotherD.filledherdailylifewithworktoliftupherspirits2.Whatdidtheauthorthinkwasthekeytorebuildingherlife?A.Savingonatightbudget.B.Gettingadogforcompany.C.Acquiringawell-paidjob.10\nD.Fixingtheproblemofherhair.3.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor’sexperience?A.Everyoneshouldlearntolovehimselfandcareforothers.B.Changingoneselftakespatienceandisawaytocontrolhislife.C.Itisnecessarytoforgetone’spastandliveinharmonywithnature.D.Hairshowsone’suniquequalitiesandisasymbolofdifficultiesinlife.4.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.StartfromtheHeadB.ClearuptheMessC.MakeupfortheLossD.JustDoItYourself1.C　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,作者的哥哥去世后,作者陷入了极度的伤心中,内心非常空虚,而且也没有找到工作,因此可以推断,作者无法从失去哥哥的阴影中走出来,故选C项。2.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...IhadthefeelingthatifIcouldgetcontrolovermyhair,Icouldgetcontrolovermylife.”可知,作者认为如果能控制自己的头发,就能够控制自己的生活。故选D项。3.B　推理判断题。从第三段内容可知,作者决定改变自己,开始爱自己的头发,而头发使她懂得了要有耐心,头发脱落又再长出来,发型的改变等让她也慢慢地改变了自己的生活。因此改变自己需要耐心,同时也是改变生活的一种方式。故选B项。4.A　标题归纳题。本文主要讲述的作者通过头发而逐渐地明白了生活的真谛,并改变了自己的生活,故选A项。CMostartistshaveafavoritematerialtheyliketoworkwith.For28yearoldKristenAlice,ithappenstobegarbage.Theecofriendlydesignerusesherincredibletalenttotransformgarbagelikeemptydrinkbottlesandcandywrappersintocharmingdressesthatsellforthousandsofdollars.Kristensaystheideacametoheraftershesawhowmuchwastesheandherthreecollegeroommatesgeneratedonadailybasis.TheFineArtsstudentbegantodreamabouttransformingthedesertedbagsandpackagesintobeautifulgarments.Herfirstdressmadefromplasticbagsandrolledmagazineswasstrange,funandeven10\ncharming.However,sheonlymadeittotesthercreativity.Theyoungdesignerdidnotconsiderstartingacommercialventure(企业)untilshespentaweekworkingatCoutureFashionWeekinNewYorkCity.Theresheobservedtheexcitementgeneratedbynewandvintage(复古的)looksanddecidedtoseeifherunusualideawouldresultinasmuchenthusiasm.Shebeganbycreatingalineof12garbageinspireddresses.Theywereahugesuccess.TodayhercompanythathasofficesinPalmBeach,FloridaandNewYorkCity,producesawidevarietyofdressesrangingfromcocktaildressestoballgowns(礼服)．Kristen,ofcourse,doesn'tsearchgarbagecansforhermaterialanymore.Instead,sheseeksitfromcompaniesthathaveproducedmorethantheyneedandareplanningtothrowawaytheextras.However,ifyouthinkthegarbageinspireddressescomecheap,thinkagain.Thepriceforreadymadecreationsretails(零售)from$500to$1,500.Thoughthatmayappearexpensive,thedesignersaysshehasnoshortageofcustomers.Infactshenowevenhasgarbageinspiredclothingformenthatincludesjackets,ties,trousersandevenboardshorts!Whilemostoftheclothesarestrongenoughtoresistmultiplewears,whethertheycanbecleanedisalittleunclear.文章大意：这是一篇新闻报道类文章。作者主要介绍了时装设计者Kristen将垃圾作为服装的材料并取得的巨大成功。1．WhatmadeKristenthinkofusingtrashasherfavoritematerial?A．Herpoorlivingconditionsatcollege.B．Theeducationfromherparentsnottowasteanythinguseful.C．Herroommates'adviceofusinggarbagetoreplaceordinarymaterial.D．Herconsciousnessofenvironmentalprotectionandtrainedeyes.答案：D　推理判断题。根据文章第二段的Kristensaystheideacametoheraftershesawhowmuchwastesheandherthreecollegeroommatesgeneratedonadailybasis可知是她的环境保护意识和有教养的眼光使她想起将垃圾作为她最喜欢的制作衣服的材料。故选D。2．Kristendecidedtostartacommercialventurebecause________.A．shejustwantedtotesthercreativityB．shewasinspiredbytheenthusiasmcausedbynewandvintagedressesC．shewasdrivenbythehugeprofitsbroughtbynewfashionD．shefoundtherewerenouniquelookingbutaffordableclothesinNewYork答案：B　细节理解题。根据题干关键词startacommercialventure找到文章对应段落就是第四段，根据该段的第一、二句话Theyoungdesignerdidnotconsiderstartinga10\ncommercialventure(企业)untilshespentaweekworkingatCoutureFashionWeekinNewYorkCity.Theresheobservedtheexcitementgeneratedbynewandvintage(复古的)looksanddecidedtoseeifherunusualideawouldresultinasmuchenthusiasm中的关键词enthusiasm和excitement以及newandvintage(复古的)looks可知选B。3．Thelasttwoparagraphsaremainlyabout________.A．thesuccessofKristen'scareerB．theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthegarbageinspiredclothingC．whatclothingKristenmainlydesignedD．whereKristengotgarbageforherclothing答案：A　主旨大意题。通读文章最后两段，并根据第四段的最后一句话Theywereahugesuccess这是Kristen开始成功，接下来最后两段就主要叙述了她取得的职业生涯的一系列成功。故选A。4．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．NewUseofGarbageB．ANewTrendofFashionC．ATalentedandAmbitiousFashionDesignerD．TransformingTrashintoWonderfulGarments答案：D　细节理解题。NewUseofGarbage垃圾的新用途；ANewTrendofFashion时装新潮流；ATalentedandAmbitiousFashionDesigner有天赋的且有雄心的时装设计者；TransformingTrashintoWonderfulGarments将垃圾转换成美妙的服装。通读全文，特别是根据文章的最后一段可知Krsiten将人类的这个梦想转变成现实，让垃圾成为美妙的服装。故选D。D(2022·甘肃天水一模)TylerwasborninfectedwithHIVandhismotherwasalsoinfected.Fromtheverybeginningofhislife,hewasdependentonmedications(药物)toenablehimtosurvive.Whenhewasfive,hehadatubesurgically(外科手术上)insertedinavein(静脉)inhischest.Thistubewasconnectedtoapump,whichhecarriedinasmallbackpackonhisback.Medicationswereconnectedtothispumpandwerecontinuouslysuppliedthroughthistubetohisbloodstream.Attimes,healsoneededsupplementedoxygentosupporthisbreathing.Tylerwasn’twillingtogiveuponesinglemomentofhischildhoodtothisdeadly10\ndisease.Itwasnotunusualtofindhimplayingandracingaroundhisbackyard,wearinghisbackpackanddragginghistankofoxygenbehindhiminhislittlewagon(小推车).AllofuswhoknewTylerwereamazedathispurejoyinbeingaliveandtheenergyitgavehim.Tyler’smomoftenmadejokesonhimbytellinghimthathemovedsofastthatsheneededtodresshiminred.Thatway,whenshepeeredthroughthewindowtocheckonhimplayingintheyard,shecouldquicklyspothim.Thisterriblediseaseeventuallyworehimdown.Hegrewquiteilland,unfortunately,sodidhisHIV-infectedmother.Whenitbecameclearthathewasn’tgoingtosurvive,Tyler’smomtalkedtohimaboutdeath.ShecomfortedhimbytellingTylerthatshewasdyingtoo,andthatshewouldbewithhimsooninheaven.Afewdaysbeforehisdeath,Tylerbeckoned(召唤)meovertohishospitalbedandwhispered,“Imightdiesoon.I’mnotscared.WhenIdie,pleasedressmeinred.Mompromisedshe’scomingtoheaven,too.I’llbeplayingwhenshegetsthere,andIwanttomakesureshecanfindme.”1.WhydidTylerwearabackpackonhisbackwhenhewasyoung?A.Becausehismothergaveittohimasagift.B.Becausehehadnorighttochoosebuttowearit.C.Becausehewantedtobedifferentfromtheotherkids.D.Becausetherewasapumpinit,whichcouldhelpwithhisdisease.2.Tyleraskedthewritertodresshiminredwhenhediedinorderto　　　. A.showredishisfavoritecolorB.seethewriteragaininthehospitalC.makehismotherrecognizehimeasilyD.persuadehismothertokeepherpromise3.What’sTyler’sattitudetowardsdeath?A.Excited.　　　　　　　B.Fearful.C.Doubtful.D.Optimistic.4.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusbywritingthispassage?A.Evenachildcanteachusalot.B.Patientsshouldbetreatedwithrespect.10\nC.Peopleshouldhavegreatcouragetofacetheproblems.D.WeshouldtryourbesttohelpthosewhoareinfectedwithHIV.1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段的“Whenhewasfive,hehadatubesurgically(外科手术上)insertedinavein(静脉)inhischest.Thistubewasconnectedtoapump,whichhecarriedinasmallbackpackonhisback.Medicationswereconnectedtothispumpandwerecontinuouslysuppliedthroughthistubetohisbloodstream.”可知,这个管是连接到一个泵,在一个小背包里。故选D项。2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Tyler’smomoftenmadejokesonhimbytellinghimthathemovedsofastthatsheneededtodresshiminred.Thatway,whenshepeeredthroughthewindowtocheckonhimplayingintheyard,shecouldquicklyspothim.”和最后一段Tyler跟作者说的话“Imightdiesoon.I’mnotscared.WhenIdie,pleasedressmeinred.Mompromisedshe’scomingtoheaven,too.I’llbeplayingwhenshegetsthere,andIwanttomakesureshecanfindme.”可知,他想要在去世的时候穿红色衣服,目的是妈妈在天堂能容易地找到他。故选C项。3.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Imightdiesoon.I’mnotscared.”以及整篇文章的色彩可知,Tyler对待死亡的态度是乐观的。故选D项。4.C　写作意图题。尽管Tyler和他的妈妈都得了艾滋病,但是他们能勇敢地面对,作者的目的是告诉大家,不论遇到什么困难,都要学会勇敢地面对。故选C项。ETheBBCwasfoundedin1922,includingradioandtelevisionservices.ItisbasedatBroadcastingHouseinLondon.TheBBCiscontrolledbysomegovernorschosenbythegovernment,butthesepeoplehavefreedomandthegovernmentcan’tinterfere(干扰).Thatis,theBBCissupposednottobethemouthpiece(代言人)ofthegovernment.Ithastobeasfairaspossibleingivingradioandtelevisiontimeto,forexample,politicalpartiesandreligious(宗教)groups.ThereisakindofinterestingserviceinBritish-rentalservices.Manypeopleprefertorenttheirtelevisionsetsinsteadofbuyingthem.Therentforablackandwhitesetisabout80penceaweek(1980).Therentofa10\ncoloursetismorethantwicethatofablackandwhiteset.Ifthesetsgowrong,peoplecanhavethemrepairedfreeofchargeorreplacedimmediately.Everyonehastobuyayearlylicence,sincethereisnoadvertisingonBBCradioortelevision.ItisfromthesaleoflicencesthattheBBCgetsmostofitsmoney.Alicenceforablackandwhitesetcosts8pounds,andforacolourset18poundsayear.Therearefourspecialisedradiochannels,whichbroadcastdifferentkindsofprogrammes.Radio1ismainlypopmusic.Radio2dealswithlightmusic,sportsandotherprogrammes.Radio3broadcastsseriousmusic,talksonserioussubjects,etc.NewsbroadcastsaremainlygivenbyRadio4.TherearespecialprogrammesforNorthernIreland,Scotland,Wales,andcertainpartsofEngland.ItalsobroadcastsprogrammesaboutBritain—inmanydifferentlanguagesaswellasinEnglishtoallpartsoftheworld.1.TheofficialsinchargeoftheBBC　　　. A.mustsaywhatthegovernmentwantstosayB.shouldgivemoretimetopoliticalpartiesthantoreligiousgroupsC.areelectedbythecitizensfromalloverthecountryD.candecidethingswithoutthepermissionofthegovernment答案:D解析:推理判断题。由第二段可知,BBC不是政府的喉舌,因此A项和B项都不对;控制BBC的官员是由政府选定的,因而C项也可排除。故选D项。2.IfyouwanttowatchTVathomeinBritain,you　　　. A.havetobuyatelevisionsetofhisownB.mustrentaTVsetC.havetobuyalicenceonceayearD.canchangehisdamagedTVsetforanewonewithoutpayment答案:C解析:细节理解题。第五段有个关键词“yearly”,意为“每年,年年”,故选C项。A、B和D三项说法都过于绝对,与原文不符。3.HowdoestheBBCgetmostofitsmoney?A.Itgetsmoneyfromallkindsofadvertisements.10\nB.TheBBCdependsontherentofTVsets.C.TheBBCgetsmoneymainlybysellinglicencesandTVsets.D.Itgetsitsmoneymainlybysellinglicences.答案:D解析:细节理解题。由第五段第二句可以得出答案。4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.TheBBCradioservicesinclude4radiochannels.B.TheBBCbroadcaststoforeigncountriesonlyinEnglish.C.Theprogrammesofthefourradiochannelsarenotthesame.D.TheBBCspecialprogrammesarenotonlyforforeigncountriesbutalsofordifferentareasinitsowncountry.答案:B解析:细节理解题。文章最后一句话表明,BBC除用英文以外,还用许多种语言向世界广播。显然B项是不正确的。10