2022版高考英语阅读理解一轮练题5含解析

2022版高考英语阅读理解一轮练题（5）李仕才AKidPresidents:TrueTalesofChildhoodfromAmerica’sPresidentsByDavidStablerISBN9780062358684Type:HistoricalnonfictionInthe20storiesof20differentU.S.presidentsinthisbook,welearnthatourcountry’sleadersarenotsodifferentfromus.They,too,wereoncekidswithordinaryproblems.Theystruggledwithschoolworkandangeredtheirparents.DwightEisenhowerdealtwithbullies.BillClintonstruggledwithhisweight.BarackObamamovedtoIndonesiawithhismotherwhenhewasjustaboy,andhadtogetusedtoanewculture.HasAnyoneSeenJessicaJenkins?ByLizKesslerISBN9781444013986Type:FantasyJessicaJenkinsalwaysthoughtshewasaregularkid.Then,oneday,shegetsthesurpriseofalifetime—shecanbecomeinvisible!Withthehelpofherbestfriend,Izzy,Jessicagoesonatriptodiscoverthesourceofhernewpower.Alongtheway,shegetscaughtupinshockingsecrets,kidnappings,rescueplans,andamissiontokeepthisamazingpoweroutofthewronghands.SpringGardenByFredChappellISBN9780807119488Type:PoetrySpringGardenisacollectionofpoemsforspring,includingclassicsbyThomasNashe,WilliamShakespeareetc.andcontemporarypoemsbyDenisDunn,RuthHilletc.Itconsistsof85poems,ranginginlengthfromjustafewlinestoseveralhundred.AbsolutelyTrulyByHeatherVogelFrederickISBN9781442429727Type:MysteryTwelve-year-oldTrulyismovedtoPumpkinFalls,NewHampshire,afterherfathersuffersaterriblehelicopteraccident.Thesix-foot-tallTrulystrugglestofitintohernewsurroundings.Then,oneday,sheuncoversamysteriousletterinabookatherAuntTrue’sbookstore.Andthat’swhentheadventurebegins.TrulyleadshernewfriendsChaCha,Romeo,andLucasonahunttouncoverthesecretsofthesmalltown.AbsolutelyTrulywillappealtoanyonewhoenjoysmysterybookswithabitof11\nsadnessandafeel-goodending.1.Whowrotethestoryaboutagirlwithsuperpower?A.HeatherVogelFrederickB.DavidStablerC.LizKesslerD.FredChappell2.TheISBNforthebookofpoemsis________.A.9781442429727B.9780807119488C.9781444013986D.97800623586843.WhatkindofreaderswillprobablylikereadingAbsolutelyTruly?A.Thosewhoarefansofhistory.B.Thosewholikerealisticstories.C.Thosewhoaresearchingforaromanticplot.D.Thosewhoenjoyamixtureofmystery,sorrowandhappiness.4.Whichofthefollowingbookstellsrealstories?A.AbsolutelyTrulyB.SpringGardenC.HasAnyoneSeenJessicaJenkins?D.KidPresidents:TrueTalesofChildhoodfromAmerica’sPresidents【文章大意】本文介绍了四本不同类型的书。1.C【解析】细节理解题。由文章第二部分内容可知，该书描述了一位有神奇力量的女孩，该书作者是LizKessler，故选C项。2.B【解析】细节理解题。由文章第三部分内容“ISBN9780807119488Type:Poetry”可知，该书类型是诗歌，其书号是9780807119488，故选B项。4.D【解析】细节理解题。结合文章对各本书的简介可知，KidPresidents:TrueTalesofChildhoodfromAmerica’sPresidents讲述的是美国几位总统的真实故事，故选D项。BNotwrongtorefuse11\nWeallhavearighttosay“no”.Manyofusfeelthatifwesaywe’lldosomething,wecan’tchangeourmindsandbackout.Thisisn’ttrue.Wehavetheabilitytomakeourowndecisions,andtosay“no”wheneverwefeelweneedto.Ihaveafriendwhousedtosayyestoeveryjobshewasoffered.Itwasn’tlongbeforeshefoundherselfexhaustedandoverworked,andreadytocallitquits.Afteroneparticularlydifficultweekofworkingstraightthroughwithnodaysoff,myfriendrealizedsomethingneededtochange.Shewastryingsohardtopleasethepeoplearoundherthatsheforgotaboutherownneedsintheprocess.Afterawhileofsayingyestoeverything,myfriendbegantosaynotojobsbasedoncertainthings.Ifitissomethingthathelpsyou,goaheadandmakealistofrequirementsinordertosayyes.Ormaybeyoujustdecidetosaynothreetimesaweek.TheimportantthingistorememberthatitiscompletelyOKtosaynotopeople,andthatyoudon’thavetojustify(证明……是正当的)whyyou’vedoneso.Ithinkthisissomethingthattripsupalotofpeople,myselfincluded.Notonlydowefeelasthoughwecan’tsayno,butwefeelasthoughifwedosayno,wehavetohaveanamazingreasonfordoingso,andthepersonwearesayingnotohastosomehowbeOKwithit,orwemustfeelguilty.Ifwecanstartsayingno,andstopjustifyingourselvesforeverydecisionwemake,wemightjustbehappier.Butwehavetostartonestepatatime.Thesebehaviorsarepartofusandtheycan’tjustbechangedovernight(一夜间).Wecanbecomeaware,andworktochangethemonebehavioratatime.Today,Ichallengeyoutosaynotosomethingthatyouwouldnormallysayyesto.Ifyoudon’tfeelcomfortablewiththatquiteyet,justtrytobecomeawareofthetimesyou’rejustifyingyouractionstoyourselfandothers.Trytostopandremindyourselfthatyouhaveyourreasons,andothersdon’tneedtoknowthem.1.Accordingtothearticle,wecaninferthattheauthor’sfriend　　　. A.wasforbiddentohaveadayoffforherjobB.finallydecidedtopracticesayingnothreetimesaweekC.wasvaluedinthecompanybecauseofherloveofhelpingD.realizedsheshouldconsiderherownneedswhenmakingdecisions11\n2.Theunderlinedword“this”inParagraph4refersto“　　　”. A.havingtogivereasonsforarefusalB.sayingnoacertainnumberoftimesaweekC.animportantthingtorememberD.itbeingOKtosaynotopeople3.Whatistheauthor’ssuggestionwhenyoubegintorefuseothers?A.Developahabitofrefusingotherseveryday.B.Remindyourselfthatrefusalisyourrightandissomethingyouwillgetusedtogradually.C.Explainyourreasontoothersanddon’tmakethemangry.D.Stopsayingyesandchallengeyourselftosaynoimmediately.4.Theauthorwrotethisarticlemainlyto　　　. A.explainwhatmakesitdifficultforpeopletorefuseothersB.explainthebenefitsanddisadvantagesofrefusingothersC.tellreadersthatweshouldrefuseotherpeopleincertaincasesD.tellastoryaboutherfriendwhocouldn’thelpbutpleaseothers1.D　推理判断题。此题可定位至文章第二、三段,根据作者的描述,这位朋友之前总是做给她的所有工作,但自己却筋疲力尽,最终她认识到自己也有需要,因此答案为D项。2.A　词义猜测题。根据第三段末尾和第四段开头可知,此处this指代的是前文的“havetojustify(证明……是正当的)whyyou’vedoneso”,正是这样的行为和心态束缚了大多数人,因此答案为A项。其他三项均不是this所指代的内容。3.B　推理判断题。此题可定位至文章最后两段,最后两段中作者表示,这是一种习惯,我们不可能一夜之间改变,只能一步一步来,逐步习惯,而且我们要保持一种心态,即:拒绝别人是我们的权利,也是很正常的一件事,因此答案为B项。4.C　主旨大意题。通读文章我们可以看出,作者一直在告诉读者拒绝是我们的权利,也是很正常的事情,在某些情况下我们应该习惯拒绝别人,学着拒绝别人,因此答案为C项。CInthemid1950s，Iwasasomewhatboredearlyadolescentmalestudentwhobelievedthatdoing_any_more_than_necessary_was_wasted_effort.Oneday，thisapproachthrewmeintoembarrassment.11\nInMrs.Totten'seighthgrademathclassatCentralAvenueSchoolinAnderson，Indiana，wewerelearningtoaddandsubtractdecimals(小数)．Ourteachertypicallyassigneddailyhomework，whichwouldberecitedinclassthefollowingday.Onmostdays，ourgradeswerebasedonouroralanswerstohomeworkquestions.Mrs.Tottenusuallywalkedupanddowntherowsofdesksrequestinganswersfromstudentafterstudentintheorderthequestionshadappearedonourhomeworksheets.Shewouldstarteitheratthefrontorthebackoftheclassroomandworktowardtheotherend.SinceIwasseatednearthemiddleofabout35students，itwaseasytofigureoutwhichquestionsImighthavetoanswer.Thisparticulartime，Ihadcompletedmyusualtwoorthreeproblemsaccordingtomycalculations.WhatIfailedtoexpectwasthatseveralstudentswereabsent，whichthrewoffmyestimate.AsMrs.Tottenmadeherwayfromthebeginningoftheclass，IdesperatelytriedtodeterminewhichmathproblemIwouldget.Itriedtoworkitoutbeforeshegottome，butIhadbrainfreezeandcouldn'tfunction.WhenMrs.Tottenreachedmydesk，sheaskedwhatanswerI'dgotforproblemNo.14.“I...Ididn'tgetanything，”Ianswered，andmyfacefeltwarm.“Correct，”shesaid.Itturnedoutthatthecorrectanswerwaszero.WhatdidIlearnthatday？First，alwaysdoallyourhomework.Second，inreallifeitisn'talwayswhatyousaybuthowyousayitthatmatters.Third，Iwouldnevermakeitasamathematician.IfIcouldchooseoneschooldaythattaughtmethemost，itwouldbethatone.1．WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph1indicate?A．Itiswisetovalueone'stime.B．Itisimportanttomakeaneffort.C．Itisrighttosticktoone'sbelief.D．Itisenoughtodothenecessary.2．Usually，Mrs.Tottenaskedherstudentsto________.A．recitetheirhomeworktogetherB．gradetheirhomeworkthemselvesC．answertheirhomeworkquestionsorallyD．checktheanswerstotheirhomeworkquestions3．Theauthorcouldworkoutwhichquestionstoanswersincetheteacheralways________.11\nA．askedquestionsinaregularwayB．walkedupanddownwhenaskingquestionsC．chosetwoorthreequestionsforthestudentsD．requestedherstudentstofinishtheirusualquestions4．Theauthorfailedtogetthequestionshehadexpectedbecause________.A．theclassdidn'tbeginasusualB．severalstudentsdidn'tcometoschoolC．hedidn'ttryhardtomakehisestimateD．Mrs.Tottendidn'tstartfromthebackoftheclass5．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AnUnforgettableTeacherB．AFutureMathematicianC．AnEffectiveApproachD．AValuableLesson答案：【语篇解读】　本文为记叙文。作者通过回忆自己小时候不完成家庭作业，只是应付数学老师所提问题的故事，告诉大家自己从这件事中受到的教育以及吸取的教训。1．D　解析：考查句意理解。根据语境可知，作者认为只要做必要的事就够了，故D项正确。2．C　解析：考查细节理解。根据第三段最后一句“Onmostdays，ourgradeswerebasedonouroralanswerstohomeworkquestions”可知，大多数时候，老师只要求学生口头回答家庭作业。3．A　解析：考查推理判断。根据第四段的内容可知，作者的数学老师总是按照题目顺序和学生的座位顺序提问，很有规律。故A项正确。4．B　解析：考查细节理解。根据第六段第一句“WhatIfailedtoexpectwasthatseveralstudentswereabsent，whichthrewoffmyestimate”可知，作者没有料到的是有几个学生缺课，没有来学校，所以他没有估计对自己要回答的问题。故选B。5．D　解析：考查标题判断。根据全文尤其是文章最后一段可知，本文主要讲述了作者从自己应付数学老师所提问题而有一次差点失败这件事上吸取了教训，上了宝贵的一堂课。故D项最适合作文章标题。D(2022·北京东城二模)Inthefaceofthetensionsandpressureseverysingleday,asenseofhumorcanbehelpful.Theabilitytolaughisveryimportanttoourfullestdevelopmentandtoour“mentalhealth”.Andifwecanlaughatourselves,we’reevenfurtheralongtheroadtoself-fulfillment.Considerthefollowingexample.11\nGordonishopingtobecomeaprofessionalsinger.Hehasagoodvoice,andhasperformedinpublicmanytimes.Buthe’sverysensitiveabouthisabilities.Forinstance,ifhisvoicecoachsuggestshepracticeaparticularsongafewmoretimesuntilhegetsitright,Gordonfallsapart,absolutelycertainthatthecoachisimplyingthatheisn’tanygoodandhehasnofutureinmusic.Hementionedhissensitivityinhispaperforapsychologyclass.Thepsychologyprofessorcalledhimin,outwardlytotalkaboutthepaper,buthopingtogivetheboyachancetoopenupabouttheproblem.Theteacherrarelytoldherstudentswhattheyoughttodo,butshefeltGordonshouldknowthatsuchextremesensitivitywouldmakeitdifficultforhimintheentertainmentfield,wherestagepersonnel,andfellowperformersoftenareveryhardonnewtalent.SheaskedGordonifhefelthehadmadenecessarypreparationstofollowthroughinsuchacompetitiveanddifficultbusiness.Gordongotangrywiththeteacher,pointingabravefingerather,andtoldhershewas“deadwrong”abouthim.Further,Gordonaskedwhatshecouldpossiblyknowaboutmusicandthepressuresoftheprofession.TheteacherstoodupandturnedGordonaround,rightinthemiddleofasentence,askinghimtocontinue,buttowatchhimselfinthemirroronthebackoftheofficedoorashetalked.Gordontriedtogoon,pointingandgesticulating(做手势),butsuddenlyhesawhisexpressioninthemirror,thenwhenheturnedtofacethepsychologist,henoticedasmilebeginningtoformontheteacher’sface.Attheverytopofhis“outburst,”Gordonburstoutlaughing.Hestoppedhisaggressivetalkandaskedtheteacherifhelookedthatridiculousallthetime.Seeinghimself“objectively”madeGordonrealizethathowridiculousitwastotakehimselfsoseriously.Inoureverydaylife,theabilitytocatchourselvesbeingsoserious,bearingalltheburdensoftheworld,andtryingtosavethehumanracehelpsusrelievesomebuilt-uptensionthroughlaughter.Laughterisanecessarypartofmentalhealth.Laughterisoneofthewaysinwhichwerelaxandrecreatetheselfhood.Thethingswefindinhumormayvary,buttheexperiencesofhumor,pleasure,andenjoymentareextremelyimportantandmustbefostered.11\n1.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphs,wecanlearnthatGordon　　　. A.hasbrokenupwithhiscoachB.hasfailedtobeaprofessionalsingerC.keepspracticingandhopesforthebestD.feelsverysensitivetootherpeople’scomments2.WhydidthepsychologisttalkwithGordon?A.Todiscusshispaperwithhim.B.Tohelphimrealizehisproblem.C.Topointouthisrudebehaviors.D.Toofferadviceonreducingpressure.3.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisideas?A.Byofferinganalyses.B.Byprovidingresearchresults.C.Bygivinganexample.D.Bystatinganargument.4.Whatismainlydiscussedinthepassage?A.Meansoflaughter.B.Benefitsofhumor.C.Thecauseofsensitivity.D.Theimportanceofhealth.1.D　细节理解题。根据文中第二段第四句可知,如果他的歌唱老师建议他把一首歌再练习好几遍,直到唱对,他就会很崩溃,确信老师是在向他暗示他一无是处,在音乐上没有未来,所以他对别人对他说的话非常敏感,故选D项。2.B　推理判断题。根据文中第三段前两句可知,他的心理学教授把他叫去,表面上是讨论论文,实际上是希望给这个男孩一个机会去把这个问题说开,故选B项。3.C　推理判断题。通读全文可知,第一段作者开门见山,告诉我们:大笑对我们有益处,接着举了一个Gordon的例子来论证这个观点,最后一段再次回归主题:大笑对我们保持心理健康是必要的,故选C项。4.B　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,作者主要运用Gordon的例子来论证幽默感和大笑的好处,故选B项。11\nEWhat’sOn?ElectricUnderground 7.30pm-1.00am　FreeattheCyclopsTheatreDoyouknowwho’splayinginyourarea?We’rebringingyouanexcitingeveningofliverockandpopmusicfromthebestlocalbands.Areyouinterestedinbecomingamusicianandgettingarecordingcontract(合同)?Ifso,comeearlytothetalkat7.30pmbyJulesSkye,asuccessfulrecordproducer.He’sgoingtotalkabouthowyoucanfindtherightpersontoproduceyourmusic.GeeWhizz 8.30pm-10.30pm　ComedyatKaleidoscopeComeandseeGeeWhizzperform.He’sthefunnieststand-upcomedianonthecomedyscene.Thisjoyfulshowwillpleaseeveryone,fromtheyoungesttotheoldest.GeeWhizzreallyknowshowtomakeyoulaugh!Ourbarisopenfrom7.00pmfordrinksandsnacks(快餐).Simon’sWorkshop 5.00pm-7.30pm　WednesdaysatVictoriaStageThisisagoodchanceforanyonewhowantstolearnhowtodocomedy.Theworkshoplooksateverykindofcomedy,andpracticesmanydifferentwaysofmakingpeoplelaugh.Simonisacomedianandactorwhohas10years’experienceofteachingcomedy.Hisworkshopsareexcitingandfun.AneveningwithSimonwillgiveyoutheconfidencetobefunny.CharlotteStone 8.00pm-11.00pm　PizzaWorldFinefoodwithbeautifuljazzmusic;thisisagreateveningout.CharlotteStonewillperformsongsfromhernewbest-sellingCD,withJamesPickeringonthepiano.ThemenuisItalian,withexcellentmeatandfreshfish,pizzasandpasta(面食).Bookearlyto11\ngetatable.Ourbarisopenallday,andservescocktails,coffee,beer,andwhitewine.1.Whocanhelpyouifyouwanttohaveyourmusicproduced?A.JulesSkye.　　　　　　B.GeeWhizz.C.CharlotteStone.D.JamesPickering.答案:A解析:细节理解题。根据文章第一则信息倒数第二句“Ifso,comeearlytothetalkat7:30pmbyJulesSkye,asuccessfulrecordproducer.”可知JulesSkye是一位成功的音乐制作人;由第一段最后一句“He’sgoingtotalkabouthowyoucanfindtherightpersontoproduceyourmusic.”可知,如果想找合适的人制作自己的音乐,就可以听他的报告。故选A项。2.Atwhichplacecanpeopleofdifferentagesenjoyagoodlaugh?A.TheCyclopsTheatre.B.Kaleidoscope.C.VictoriaStage.D.PizzaWorld.答案:B解析:细节理解题。根据文章第二则信息第三句“Thisjoyfulshowwillpleaseeveryone,fromtheyoungesttotheoldest.”可知,这次演出将会取悦每个人,老幼皆宜。根据第二则信息提供的演出地点可知B项正确。3.WhatdoweknowaboutSimon’sWorkshop?A.Itrequiresmembershipstatus.　B.Itlaststhreehourseachtime.C.Itisrunbyacomedyclub.D.ItisheldeveryWednesday.答案:D解析:细节理解题。根据文章第三则信息可知其演出时间为5.00pm-7.30pmWednesdays,故排除B项,而A项和C项文中均未提及,因此只有D项正确。4.WhenwillCharlotteStoneperformhersongs?A.5.00pm-7.30pm.B.7.30pm-1.00am.C.8.00pm-11.00pm.D.8.30pm-10.30pm.11\n答案:C解析:细节理解题。根据最后一则信息可知CharlotteStone要登台献唱,地点在PizzaWorld,时间为8.00pm-11.00pm,故C项正确。11