2022版高考英语阅读理解一轮练题3含解析

2022版高考英语阅读理解一轮练题（3）李仕才ATravel-worthyDestinationsinBestFilmsARRIVALBozeman,Montana,U.S.Theyear’sbestthriller,ArrivalfollowsaprofessortoamilitarycampinMontana,wheresheworkstotranslatethelanguagecomingfromalienvisitors.Thefilm,setinthewidelandscapeofMontana,connectsthevastnessoftheuniversewiththenaturalbeautyofBozeman.TraveltoBozeman,andyou’reboundtofeelitsquietness.Inthistown,thewildlifeoftheBridgerMountainslivesalongsidetheconstantinflowofMontanaStateUniversitystudents.Withallitsbreathtakinglandscape,Bozemanistheperfectplacetodosomesoul-searching.FENCESPittsburgh,Pennsylvania,U.S.FencestellsofanAfrican-AmericanfathersupportinghisfamilyduringtheCivilRightsmovementofthe1950s.ThefilmwasshotinPittsburgh,knownforitsbluecollarhistory.Todayithasgrownintoacenterofprogressandculture.Itishometotheworld’sfirstgreenconventioncenter.Ontopofitsenvironmentaldevelopment,thecityhasworkedtokeepitsdiverseculturalheritage.VisitorscandiscoverPittsburgh’shistoryattheHeinzHistoryCenterandtastetheMediterraneanfoodatCure.MOONLIGHTMiami,Florida,U.S.Amasterpieceofself-discovery,MoonlightfollowsanAfrican-AmericanboyinMiamiwhoistryingtofindhisplaceintheworld.Muchofthefilmissetinalow-incomeneighborhoodnorthofdowntown,butvisitorstoMiamiwilllikelyseeadifferentsideofthelivelycity.Modernartmuseumsandrestaurantsfilltheinnercorridors,whileMiamiBeachisfilledwithmusicandoceanlovers.There’ssomethingforeveryoneinMiami,soenjoytheparty.4.WhatmakesBozemanatravel-worthydestination?A.ThestoryofthemovieArrival.B.Thepeacefullandscapeithas.C.MantanaStateUniversity.D.Alienvisitors.11\n1.PittsburghisknownforaccordingtoParagraph2.A.itsdiversecultureB.African-AmericanfamiliesC.theCivilRightsmovementD.beautifulscenery2.InthemovieMoonlight,audienceswillseeasideofMiami.A.modernB.poorC.hi-techD.luxury3.Theauthorwrotethepassagewiththeintentionof.A.writingafilmreviewB.introducingsomefamousfilmsC.describinghowthemovieswereshotD.recommendingtravellingdestinations【文章大意】本文主要向读者介绍了几个最佳影片拍摄的旅游目的地。1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一部分Withallitsbreathtakinglandscape,Bozemanistheperfectplacetodosomesoul-searching.可知在它令人惊叹的风景中，Bozeman是一个完美的自我反省的地方。故选B。3.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三部分Muchofthefilmissetinalow-incomeneighborhoodnorthofdowntown,butvisitorstoMiamiwilllikelyseeadifferentsideofthelivelycity.可知这部电影的大部分都是在市中心北部的一个低收入社区拍摄的，因此在电影中可以看到迈阿密贫穷的一面，故选B。7.D【解析】主旨大意题。这篇文章作者主要是向读者介绍了几个最佳影片的拍摄旅游目的地。故选D。B(2022·大连高三双基测试)AnylistofthegreatestthinkersinhistorycontainsthenameofthebrilliantphysicistAlbertEinstein.Histheoriesofrelativityledtoentirelynewwaysofthinkingabouttime，space，matter，energy，andgravity.Einstein’sworkledtosuch11\nscientificadvancesasthecontrolofatomicenergy，eventelevisionasapracticalapplicationofEinstein’swork.In1902EinsteinbecameanexaminerintheSwisspatentofficeatBern.In1905，at26，hepublishedfourofhisfivemajorresearchpapers.ThefirstoneprovidedatheoryexplainingBrownianmovement，thezigzagmotionofmicroscopicparticlesinsuspension(悬浮液)．Thesecondpaperlaidthefoundationforthephoton(光子)，theoryoflight.Initheproposedthatlightiscomposedofseparatepacketsofenergy，calledphotons.Athirdpapercontainedthe“specialtheoryofrelativity”whichshowedthattimeandmotionarerelativetotheobserver，ifthespeedoflightisconstantandthenaturallawsarethesameeverywhereintheuniverse.Thefourthpaperwasamathematicaladditiontothespecialtheoryofrelativity.HereEinsteinpresentedhisfamousformula，E＝mc2，knownastheenergymassequivalence(等价)．In1916，Einsteinpublishedhisgeneraltheoryofrelativityinwhichheproposedthatgravityisnotaforce，butacurve(曲线)inthespacetimecontinuum(连续体)，createdbythepresenceofmass.　　Einsteinspokeoutfrequentlyagainstnationalism，therisingofonenationaboveallothers.HeopposedwarandviolenceandsupportedZionism，themovementtoestablishaJewishhomelandinPalestine.WhentheNaziscametopowerin1933，theycriticizedhisideas.HethenmovedtotheUnitedStates.In1939EinsteinlearnedthattwoGermanchemistshadsplittheuraniumatom.EinsteinwrotetoPresidentFranklinD．RooseveltwarninghimthatthisscientificknowledgecouldleadtoGermanydevelopinganatomicbomb.HesuggestedtheUnitedStatesbeginitsownatomicbombresearch.【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了思想家、物理学家爱因斯坦对人类的伟大贡献及其人生阅历。1．EinsteinleftfortheUnitedStates________.A．becauseofpoliticalreasons11\nB．becausehelovedtheUnitedStatesC．becauseofhissicknessofGermanyD．becausehewasemployedbytheUnitedStates解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第二段第三、四句“WhentheNaziscametopowerin1933，theycriticizedhisideas.HethenmovedtotheUnitedStates.”可知，1933年纳粹党执政后，批判了他的理论，于是爱因斯坦便去了美国；由此可推知，爱因斯坦是迫于政治原因去美国的。故答案选A。2．Televisionismentionedinthetextas________.A．Einstein’sdiscoveryB．agreatinventionofEinsteinC．thepurposeofEinstein’sworkD．asuccessfuluseofEinstein’swork解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Einstein’sworkledtosuchscientificadvances...eventelevisionasapracticalapplicationofEinstein’swork.”可知，爱因斯坦的工作成果推动了科学的发展，电视是对他的理论的实际应用。故答案选D。3．Accordingtothetext，Einsteindisagreedon________.A．nationalismB．thedefeatoftheNazisC．atomicbombresearchintheUnitedStatesD．theestablishmentofaJewishhomelandinPalestine解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Einsteinspokeoutfrequentlyagainstnationalism，therisingofonenationaboveallothers.”可知，爱因斯坦反对民族霸权主义。故答案选A。4．Accordingtothetext，EinsteinisknownasthefollowingEXCEPTa________.A．physicistB．politician11\nC．peaceloverD．thinker解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“AnylistofthegreatestthinkersinhistorycontainsthenameofthebrilliantphysicistAlbertEinstein.”可知，爱因斯坦是位伟大的思想家和物理学家；根据第二段中的“Einsteinspokeoutfrequentlyagainstnationalism...opposedwarandviolence”可知，爱因斯坦反对民族霸权主义，反对战争与暴力，由此可知，他是个爱好和平的人。文中没有提到他是一位政治家。故答案选B。CMy11-year-olddaughterhasbeenawardedanacademicscholarship(奖学金)toaprivateschool.It’sonlyasmalldiscount(折扣),butthescholarshipmeansshe’llskipthewaitinglist-providedmyhusbandandIcancover$20,000ayear.Shouldwepaytheprivateschoolfees,orchoosefreeeducationinstead?Ialwaysassumedmychildrenwouldgotoaprivateschool,likeIdid.Notbecausemyfamilyiswealthy,butbecauseIbelievethatthebesteducationisprivate.Ittookyearsformetomakepeacewiththefactthatmytwochildrenattendedourlocalpublicprimaryschool.They’llgotoaprivatehighschool,Itoldmyself.Yethereweare.Myeldestisnowinherlastyearofprimaryschool,andmyhusbandandIwillstruggletoaffordprivateschool.Ifwe’retosendourgirltoprivateschool,Icouldincreasemyworkhours.Mylawdegreewassupposedtobemytickettoagoodjobandasolidincome,butthat’snotquitehowitturnedout.Theguiltandexpectationsareminealone.I’mterrifiedthatmydaughter’spotentialwillbewastedatthepublicschool.Andyet,Iknowthatworkingmorehourswillcrush(压垮)me.Duringmanysleeplessnights,Ifelttroubledbythedecision.11\nAlthoughIwantthebestformydaughter,Ihavemyowndreamstoo.Ican’tsacrificeeverythingformypreciousgirl.IexplainthatIwanttobeapositiverolemodelformydaughter,andanunhappyparentisaterriblestrainonafamily.Ipointoutthatnoteventheprivilegeofprivateschoolwillprotectmychildrenfromdisappointmentorstruggle.Andfinally,it’sdecided.Mydaughterisgoingtothepublicschoolbehindourhome.Shecouldn’tbemorepleased.It’stakenmealittlelonger,butnowI’mcontent.Morethanmyfancyprivateschooleducation,it’smyfamilythatshapedme.Withhighschoolnow25yearsinthepast,IcannolongerrememberthemathematicalproblemsandShakespeareanquotesIonceknewsoperfectly.Thelessonsfrommychildhoodhome,however,haveprovedimpossibletoforget.1.Whydidtheauthorwantherdaughtertogotoaprivateschoolatfirst?A.Becauseherdaughterearnedanacademicscholarship.B.Becauseshewantedherdaughtertoreceivethebesteducation.C.Becauseshewantedherdaughtertoskipthewaitinglist.D.Becauseherdaughter’spotentialwaswastedatthepublicprimaryschool.2.Theauthorfinallyletherdaughtergotoapublicschoolmainlybecausesherealizedthat　　　. A.privateschooldoesn’tguaranteeasolidincomeB.shedidn’twantherdaughtertostruggleinprivateschoolC.howeverhardsheworked,shecouldn’taffordprivateschoolD.publicschoolisthemostbalancedchoiceforherfamily3.Whenthedecisionwasmade,　　　. A.theauthor’sdaughterwasdisappointedB.theauthorfeltsorryandguiltyaboutitC.boththeauthorandherdaughterwerecontentwiththeresultD.theauthorinspiredherdaughtertobeapositiverolemodelatschool4.Whatisthemainmessagetheauthorintendstoconveyinthelastparagraph?11\nA.Familyinfluencesachild’sgrowthmorethanschooleducation.B.Thelessonslearnedduringourchildhoodwillstaywithusforever.C.Italwaystakespeoplealongtimetomakearightdecision.D.Privateschooleducationisnotasgoodaspeopleexpect.1.B　细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容可知,作者希望女儿去私立学校的原因是自己认为私立学校可以提供更好的教育,因此答案为B项。2.D　推理判断题。根据文章内容可知在送女儿去私立学校还是公立学校这件事上,作者挣扎了很长时间,考虑了各方面的因素,包括自己工作的牺牲、家庭的影响等等,最终做出去公立学校这一最能平衡各方面因素的选择,因此答案为D项,公立学校对她的家庭来说是最平衡的选择。3.C　细节理解题。根据文章第十二段和十三段内容可知,做了这个决定后,作者和女儿都很满意,因此答案为C项,同时排除A、B两项;D项与文章意思不符。4.A　推理判断题。在最后一段中作者强调家庭教育的重要性,认为比起在学校中学到的知识,家庭的熏陶和影响对一个人的作用更大,因此答案为A项。B项,根据原文,作者强调的是“lessonsfrommychildhoodhome”,即在家所学的东西不容易忘记,而在学校学的数学知识等已经不记得了,因此B项错误;C项原文未提及;D项并非作者最后一段想表达的主要观点。DNearlytwomilliondriversintheUKhavehadaccidentsdueto“BabyonBoard”signsandchildren’stoysthataffecttheirview，accordingtoalarmingnewresearch.Onein20motoristssaysstickersandplaytimeparaphernalia(装备)aretoblameforacollision—equivalentto1.85millionofBritain’s37milliondrivers.Thediscoverytriggeredawarningbyaroadsafetycharity—Braketocutdownonclutter(杂乱的东西)inthecar.DeputychiefexecutiveJulieTownsendsaid“BabyonBoard”signsareveryusefulinalertingtheemergencyservicesthatachildmaybeinvolvedincaseofacrash.“Thishelpcanbecomenegativeifdriversdisplaysignswhentheirchildisn’tinthecar，”shesaid.“Worsestillisthedangerthatcanbecausedbydriversinfluencingtheirviewbyclutteringup(塞满)windowswithlotsofsigns.Drivers’priorityshouldalwaysbegettingtheresafelywithoutputtingthemselves，youngpassengersorotherroadusersatrisk.”AsurveyarrangedbypricecomparisonwebsiteConfused.comfoundthat37percentofparentshavedisplayedsignsandfouroutoffiveofthembelievetheyimprove11\nsafety.But46percentadmitdoingsoatalltimes—regardlessofwhetherornottheirchildisinthecar—and15percentadmittheyonlyhavethemfortheirnovelty(新奇)value.Thepollof2,000driversalsofoundthat46percentofdriversregardthemasariskand33percentsaytheyarelackingintaste.“Therearebenefitsanddangersto‘BabyonBoard’signs.Theycanofferusefulinformationformedicalaidincaseofacrashbuthavingtoomanynoveltyitemsdisplayedcouldbeasafetyissue，”saidaConfused.comspokesman.1．WhatdowelearnaboutthesignsonthecarfromParagraph1?A．Theycanbedangerous.B．Theyareusefultoavoidaccidents.C．Theyarewelcomedbypassengers.D．Theyareforbiddentobeused.2．WhatisJulieTownsend’sattitudetowardsthesigns?A．Positive.　　　　　　B．Negative.C．Uninteresting.　D．Objective.3．Accordingtothesurvey，mostofthedriverswhousethesignsthinkthatthesigns________.A．canimprovesafety　B．areunnecessaryC．canmakedriversclear　　D．cankilltime4．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．Tosolveaproblem.B．Todescribeathreattotrafficsafety.C．Totellaninterestingstory.D．Topersuadedriverstodrivesafely.【参考答案】阅读理解语篇解读：　本文主要介绍了英国最新的调查发现汽车车贴成为“马路杀手”的事实。1．解析：　推理判断题。从文章第一段介绍的英国有将近200万名司机曾因车贴和儿童玩具发生过交通事故，到车贴和玩具会模糊司机的视线并且在每20位驾驶人员中就有一位表示车贴和娱乐设备会导致发生交通事故以及Brake提醒大家清理车里杂乱的物品可推知，它们可能是危险的。答案：　A2．解析：　态度判断题。根据第二段中的“‘BabyonBoard’signsare...isn’tinthecar”以及“Worse...orotherroadusersatrisk.”可知，JulieTownsend对车贴积极的一面以及消极的一面都做了客观的描述，由此可推知她的态度是客观的。11\n答案：　D3．解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“fouroutoffiveofthembelievetheyimprovesafety”可知，大多数司机认为这能使行驶更安全。答案：　A4．解析：　写作意图题。本文介绍了英国最新的调查发现汽车车贴成为“马路杀手”的事实，其目的就是告诉人们当前存在的一个交通安全隐患。答案：　B。EListeningtomusiccanhelpmefocusbetter.SinceIdiscovereditfiveyearsago,I’veusedmusictogetthroughboringworkortofocuscreatively.I’vefoundthatitcanmakeeventhedullestjobsenjoyableandhelpclearmentalblockstocreativity.Ifirstnoticedthegoodeffectsofmusicwhileplayingvideogames.ItwasafewdaysbeforeChristmasin2022andIwasplayingonlinevideogames.MyparentshadjustgivenmeanewMP3,soIdecidedtolistentomusicthroughtheheadphoneswhileIplayed.AfterafewminutesInoticedagreatchangeinmystyleofplay.Iwasplayingmorenaturally.Themusicrelaxedme,and,toacertainextent,distractedmefromthegame,allowingmysubconscious(潜意识的)talenttocomethrough.Themusicalsohelpedmeblockouttheoutsideworld.WiththoseheadphonesonIwaslikeamachine,movingfromonetasktothenextwithoutunnecessarythoughtsoractions.Musiccanalsohaveagreateffectonmood.IfI’minabadmoodatwork,I’lllistentosomeofBobMarley’sandgetdowntobusiness.ItalwaystakesmymindoffwhatI’mdoingandmakesmeahappierperson.Thesameistrueforclassicrock.Onesummer,Ididaboringjobcollectingbottleopenersbyhand.Withoutaradioplayingclassicrockinthebackground,Iwouldhavehatedlife.Listeningtomusicwithrelaxingrhythmsandapositivemessagehelpsyouforgetyourworkandthinkhappythoughts.Buttheresultsyouseewilldependheavilyonyourpersonaltastes.Experimentwiththetypesofmusicyoulistentoduringcertaintasks.Bytrialanderroryou’llfinallydiscoveryourbestchoice.I’malwayslookingfornewconcentrationaids,soI’dlovetoknowwhattypeofmusicworksbestforme.11\n1.Theauthorfirstdiscoveredtheeffectsofmusic　　　. A.fromhisparents　　　B.bychanceC.atworkD.whenhewasachild答案:B解析:细节理解题。根据第二段的“...Iwasplayingonlinevideogames...AfterafewminutesInoticedagreatchangeinmystyleofplay.”可知作者是在玩游戏时偶然发现听音乐的巨大作用的。2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTaneffectofmusicfortheauthor?A.Ithelpshimblockouttheoutsideworld.B.Itarouseshissubconscioustalent.C.Ithelpshismindrelax.D.Itmakeshimworkwithoutanythought.答案:D解析:细节理解题。根据第二段“...movingfromonetasktothenextwithoutunnecessarythoughtsoractions.”可知,D项表述不准确,故答案为D项。3.TheauthormentionstheexperienceofcollectingbottleopenersinParagraph3to　　　. A.tellusthatlifeisdullB.provethatmusicaffectsmoodC.tellushowtoseekhappinessD.tellusbadmoodcanaffectwork答案:B解析:推理判断题。第三段的主题句为第一句,下面举的例子是为了证明这个观点的,故选B项。4.Inordertogetthegreatesteffectofmusic,youareadvisedto　　　. A.listentosomeofBobMarley’sB.onlychooserelaxingmusicC.testallkindsofmusicD.listentoclassicrock答案:C解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段中的11\n“Experimentwiththetypesofmusicyoulistentoduringcertaintasks.Bytrialanderroryou’llfinallydiscoveryourbestchoice.”可知答案为C项。11