江苏专用2022高考英语二轮增分策略专题三阅读理解第二节分类突破2细节理解_间接信息题优选习题

二、细节理解——间接信息题(2022·全国Ⅰ，A)Washington，D.C.BicycleToursCherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington，D.C.Duration：3hoursThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington，D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear!WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration：3hours(4miles)JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington，D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike，helmet，cookiesandbottledwater.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington，D.C.Duration：3hoursMorningorAfternoon，thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD．C.newcomersand21\nlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington，D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents，Congress，memorials，andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路线)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration：3hours(7miles)JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington，D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike，helmet，andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.21．Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?A．CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington，D.C.B．WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.C．CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington，D.C.D．WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.答案　A解析　细节理解题。根据第一项自行车旅行中的最后一句“Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear！”可知，这项自行车旅行需要提前预订。其他三项自行车旅行都没有提到需要预订。22．WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A．Meetfamouspeople.B．Gotoanationalpark.C．Visitwell-knownmuseums.D．Enjoyinterestingstories.答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第三项自行车旅行中的第二句“KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents，Congress，memorials，andparks.”可知，在CapitalCityBike21\nTour中，导游会为你讲述关于总统、国会、纪念碑和公园的最有趣的故事。23．Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?A．Citymaps.B．Cameras.C．Meals.D．Safetylights.答案　D解析　细节理解题。由题干中的atnight可定位到最后一项自行车旅行。根据最后两句“Tourincludesbike，helmet，andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.”可知，在晚上进行的这项自行车旅行给游客配备了安全灯。一、题型解读1．话题特点常考查间接信息理解类的话题有9：(1)人物类；(2)故事类；(3)文化教育类；(4)史地自然类；(5)社会生活类；(6)科普说明类。2．设问形式特殊疑问句形式或填空形式：(1)Accordingtotheauthor/passage，...(2)Whatcanwelearnabout...?(3)Whatwasthereasonfor...?二、解题技巧——“断章取义”定答案第一步：阅读题干，确定关键词，锁定原文相关信息第二步：定位题干关键词的转换形式第三步：利用正确选项特征，确定答案正确选项特征：(1)用同义或近义词复现。如【真题感悟】第21题题干中bookinadvance“提前预定”与原文中“Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear(在有效期即樱花消失前预约)”意思相同，所以知答案为A项。(2)同根词或原词复现。21\n(3)语言简化。简化原文中的复杂语言现象，并设置为答案。(4)反义词复现。把原文中的意思反过来表达。A(2022·山东枣庄一模)NatalieTraylingisafamousstreetartistinMelbourne.Atfirst，thosewhohappenedtopassbyherandsparesomechangedidn’tevenrealizewhatamusical1geniuswasplaying.TheemotionaltunewasnotonlymasterfullyplayedbutalsocomposedbyNatalieherselfwhenshewasonly14.Gradually，aslongassheappears，peoplewillstop，absorbedinhermusic.Hermusicmakesyouthinkaboutcalmness，thegoodthingsinlife，andnevergivingup.Butwhatpeopledonotknowisthatbehindthebeautifulmusicoftheoldwoman，itisfullofbitterness.Attheageof12，shewonamusic2scholarshipatSantaMariaCollege.At15sheknockedbackascholarshiptotheRoyalAcademyofMusicinLondonbecauseherparentscouldn’tpaynon-tuitioncosts.Whensheleftschool，shetaughtpianoatSantaMaria.Latershemetherhusband，Denis.Theyhadfourchildren，butthetwoofthemdied.In1984，Denisaskedforadivorce.Natalie’sson，Nathan，wasgivenmedicationfordepression.NatalielivedeitheroutdoorsinRoyalParkorinboardinghousesfornineyears.Inlate2022Nataliecollapsedwithanaemia(贫血)andwashospitalizedforsixmonths.Forhalfacentury，Nataliehasbeen3teasedbyfate.Butevenso，shenevergaveupherloveformusic.Whenaskedwhymusicwassoimportanttoher，shesaid，“Musiciseverything.Idofeelpartofit.Thewholeworldismusic.”WhenNataliewentontheInternet，shebecameasignofMelbourne.Peopleareimpressedbyher4persistenceindreamsandtheoptimismoflife.Nowsheisnolongerwanderingaround.Shecanplaythepianoatanytime，butaslongastheweatherisgood，shewillwalktothestreetsofMelbourne，andplaya9touchingmelodyfortherushofthecity.21\n1．WhyisNatalie’smusicsotouchingtothepassers-by?A．Itisfullofbitterness.B．Shecomposeditherself.C．It’sareflectionofherownlife.D．Itremindsthemofthebeautyoflife.答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“Gradually，aslongassheappears，peoplewillstop，absorbedinhermusic.Hermusicmakesyouthinkaboutcalmness，thegoodthingsinlife，andnevergivingup.”可知，路人听到娜塔莉的演奏都会驻足聆听，因为娜塔莉的乐声让你沉静下来，思考生命中那些美好的事物，让你觉得永远都不要放弃。故选D。2．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwords“knockedback”inParagraph2?A．Gaveup.B．Obtained.C．Accepted.D．Wasawarded.答案　A解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“becauseherparentscouldn’tpaynon-tuitioncosts”可知，娜塔莉在15岁时拒绝了伦敦皇家音乐学院的奖学金，因为她的父母负担不起学费以外的费用。故选A。3．WhatdoesmusicmeantoNatalie?A．It’sherhobby.B．It’sthesourceofhermisfortune.C．Itispartofherlife.D．It’sawaytoearnaliving.答案　C解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Musiciseverything.Idofeelpartofit.Thewholeworldismusic.”可知，对娜塔莉而言，音乐就是一切，她觉得自己是它的一部分，音乐是全世界。故选C。4．Whatdoestheauthortrytotellus?A．Natalieisamusicalgenius.B．Lifeisnoteasyforeveryone.21\nC．Nevergiveuphalfway.D．Nataliehasastrongandbraveheart.答案　D解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段得知娜塔莉在网上走红后，一下子成了墨尔本的标志。人们被她对梦想的执着和对生活的乐观精神所打动。说明作者想通过本文向我们介绍墨尔本坚强、勇敢的街头艺术家娜塔莉。故选D。B(2022·山东泰安质检)Honestyisthebestpolicy.Wemayagreethatadmittingmistakesandbehavinginagenuinewayistherightwaytoleadourlives，butistheresomethinginourhumannaturethatmakesusimmoral？Forexample，insomeshopsandcarparksyoucanfindanhonestybox—aboxwhereyoupayforsomethingbyputtingmoneyinit—butitreliesonyoutoputtherightamountofcashin.Thisreliesonpeoplebeinghonestandnottryingtocheatbutitdoesprovidea5temptationto6getawaywithnotpayingthefullamount.PhilipGraves，apsychologist，suggeststhatthistemptationispartofour7evolution.Hesays，“Wehaveevolvedwiththeabilitytobedishonest.It’spartofourevolutionarypsychologicalmake-up—becauseifwecangainanadvantageoverthepeoplearoundus，wehaveagreaterchanceofsurviving.”Sowhydoweplacesuchimportanceonbeinghonestifwebenefitfrombeingdishonest?It’sbecauseitisselfishbehavior.Ifeverybodyactedselfishlyanddishonestlyallthetime，theworldwouldbeaveryunpleasantplace.AsPhilipGravessays，“Thereisabalancetostrikebetweentheextenttowhichwecanfeatherourownnest，sotospeak，andtheriskofbeingostracized(排斥)bythegroup.”So，forsocietiestoworktogetherweneedtotrusteachotherandthereforeweneedtobehonest.Beingtrustworthywithmoneyisofcoursevitalforaneconomytosurvive.Butbeinghonestwithwordsisanothermatter，sayingwhatwethinktosomeonecangetusintohotwater.However，anewanonymousmessagingapphasbeendesignedthatletsanyonewithalinktoyourprofile(简介)tosendyouamessagewithoutknowingwho21\nit’sfrom.Theappnowhas300millionuserswhichperhapsindicateshowhonestwereallyliketobe—butinallhonesty，doyouwanttoknowwhatpeoplethinkaboutyou?Ishonestyalwaysthebestpolicy?语篇解读　这是一篇议论文。在生活、工作中，诚实一定是上策吗？本文讨论了诚实守信是人的本能还是社交生活的必然产物。5．Whatdoesanhonestyboxrequirepeopletodo?A．Getthechangeoutofitfreely.B．Putthecorrectamountofmoneyinit.C．Donatethepocketmoneytoothers.D．Payalargeramountofmoney.答案　B解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Forexample，insomeshopsandcarparksyoucanfindanhonestybox—aboxwhereyoupayforsomethingbyputtingmoneyinit—butitreliesonyoutoputtherightamountofcashin.”可知，诚实盒子要求人们在盒子里放入正确数目的钱。故选B。6．AccordingtoPhilipGraves，beingdishonest.A．isadisadvantageB．shouldbe8advocatedC．ispartofourevolutionD．helpspeoplesurvivebetter答案　C解析　细节理解题。根据第二段PhilipGraves的话“Wehaveevolvedwiththeabilitytobedishonest.It’spartofourevolutionarypsychologicalmake-up—becauseifwecangainanadvantageoverthepeoplearoundus，wehaveagreaterchanceofsurviving.”可知，不诚实是我们进化的一部分。故选C。7．WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A．Thereasonforbeinghonest.21\nB．Thebenefitofbeingdishonest.C．The10outcomeofselfishness.D．Theimportanceofgroupwork.答案　A解析　段落大意题。根据第三段内容尤其是该段首句“Sowhydoweplacesuchimportanceonbeinghonestifwebenefitfrombeingdishonest？”可知，此段主要向我们叙述要诚实的原因。故选A。8．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Honestyisalwaysthebestpolicy.B．Theauthorisinfavorofdishonesty.C．Themarketofthenewappispromising.D．Beinghonestwithwordsissometimesimproper.答案　D解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Butbeinghonestwithwordsisanothermatter，sayingwhatwethinktosomeonecangetusintohotwater.”可知，诚实的话有时候是不恰当的。故选D。Ⅰ.障碍词汇突破(一)阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思1．Chaplinwasnotjustagenius，buthewasamongthemostinfluentialfiguresinfilmhistory.天才2．Angela’s7,000tuitionatuniversitythisyearwillbepaidforwithscholarships.奖学金3．Heteasedthedogbypullingitstail.戏弄4．Itrequirestimeandpersistence，sostickwithit.毅力；坚持5．Resistthetemptationtobuytheitemuntilyou’recertainyouneedit.诱惑6．Thosewholieandcheatwillnevergetawaywithit.(做了错事)不受惩罚21\n7．Thetheoryofevolutionisthescientificideathatplantsandanimalsdevelopandchangegraduallyoveralongperiodoftime.进化8．Weadvocatestrictcontrolofpollutiontoprotecttheenvironment.提倡(二)同义词语替换9．Themovieisaboutasweet，touchingromancestorybetweenagirlandaboyaftertheironlineencounter.moving10．Fiveminutesfromtheend，theoutcomeofthematchwasstillindoubt.resultⅡ.长难句理解1．Whenaskedwhymusicwassoimportanttoher，shesaid，“Musiciseverything.Idofeelpartofit.Thewholeworldismusic.”[句式分析]　本句话主干为简单句五种句型中的主谓宾结构，主干的主语是she，谓语是said，宾语是直接引语“Musiciseverything.Idofeelpartofit.Thewholeworldismusic.”。Whenaskedwhymusicwassoimportanttoher是状语从句的省略形式，补充完整为Whenshewasaskedwhymusicwassoimportanttoher。[精美译文]　当被问到为什么音乐对她那么重要时，她说：“音乐就是一切，我觉得自己是它的一部分，音乐是全世界。”2．Forexample，insomeshopsandcarparksyoucanfindanhonestybox—aboxwhereyoupayforsomethingbyputtingmoneyinit—butitreliesonyoutoputtherightamountofcashin.[句式分析]　本句是并列句，第一个简单句是youcanfindanhonestybox；aboxwhereyoupayforsomethingbyputtingmoneyinit是同位语，对前面的anhonestybox加以解释；whereyoupayforsomethingbyputtingmoneyinit是定语从句。第二个简单句是itreliesonyoutoputtherightamountofcashin。[精美译文]　例如，在一些商店和停车场，你会发现诚实盒子，就是你往里面放你买东西所花的钱的盒子，但是在盒子里放入正确数目的钱这依靠你自己。专题强化练(十七)Ⅰ.单项填空1．PhysicallychallengedasJackwas，hedidnothimselftohisfate.21\nA．resistB．reserveC．resignD．rescue答案　C解析　考查动词词义辨析。句意为：杰克虽然身体不太好，但是他不愿屈服于自己的命运。resist抵抗，抗拒；reserve储备，保留；resign委托，使听从，屈服；rescue营救，援救。resignoneselftoone’sfate屈服于自己的命运，为固定短语，故C项正确。2．Haveyoueverbeeninasituationyouknowtheotherpersonisrightyetyoucannotagreewithhim?A．whereB．whichC．thatD．as答案　A解析　句意为：你是否曾经处于这样一种境况？你明知道另一个人是对的，但你却不能同意他的看法。分析句子可知，句中的先行词为situation，在从句中作地点状语，应使用关系副词where。3．Shethentookthelittlekey，andopenedit，trembling，butcouldnotatfirstseeanything，becausethewindowswereshut.A．plainlyB．closelyC．firmlyD．frequently答案　A解析　句意为：于是她拿了那把小钥匙，颤抖着打开了它，但是因为窗户都是关着的，一开始没能看清楚任何东西。closely紧密地，接近的；firmly坚定地；frequently频繁地，均与句意不符。plainly清楚地，符合句意。4．WhileinteractingwithpeopleinIndia，Iwastoawayoflifecompletelydifferentfrommyown.A．reducedB．exposedC．committedD．transferred答案　B解析　句意为：在印度与人交流时，我接触到了一种生活方式，与我的完全不同。bereducedto减少到，沦落为；becommittedto致力于；betransferredto被转移到，均不符合句意。beexposedto接触到，暴露于，符合语境。21\n5．WatchingbasketballgamesonTVathomeisonething，whilegoingtowatchthemliveisquiteanother.A．performB．performingC．toperformD．beingperformed答案　D解析　句意为：在家里的电视上看篮球比赛是一回事，去看现场比赛又是另外一回事。根据句意可知，perform与其逻辑主语them之间为被动关系，且此处表示去现场看正在进行的比赛，故应用beingperformed作宾语them的补足语，故D项正确。6．workandcreativeactivitieshavebeenimportantdriversofhumanprogressisdeeplyrootedinoursocialvalues.A．HowB．WhetherC．ThatD．Why答案　C解析　句意为：工作和创造性活动是人类进步的重要驱动者，这深深地植根于我们的社会价值观中。“workandcreativeactivitieshavebeenimportantdriversofhumanprogress”作主语，是主语从句，该从句结构意思完整，故应用that引导该从句。7．—Don’tmakeaspecialjourneytopickupthelaundryforme.—It’sOK.Itotheshopanyway.A．wasgoingB．willhavegoneC．havegoneD．willbegoing答案　D解析　句意为：——不用专门为我去取衣服。——没关系。反正我都要去商店。由第一句可知，去取衣服是还没有发生的事情，由此可知，去商店是将来的事情，故D选项正确。D选项的将来进行时相当于一般将来时。8．—WhatisyourimpressionofyourformercolleagueNick?—He’shelpful，andhegiveusahandatwork.A．mustB．wouldC．mayD．should答案　B21\n解析　句意为：——你对前同事尼克的印象怎样？——他很乐于助人，并经常在工作中帮助我们。must必须，肯定；would过去常常，将；may可能，可以；should竟然，应该。由第一句中的“formercolleague”可知，Nick过去常常帮助同事，故B选项正确。9．theoilunderthesea，thecompanyhasraisedamplefundstodeveloppetroleumexplorationequipment.A．ExploitingB．HavingexploitedC．ToexploitD．Exploited答案　C解析　句意为：为了探索海底石油，该公司筹集了充足的资金来开发石油勘探设备。此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故C选项正确。10．Thankstothespecialchemicalofthesoilinthemountainousarea，thiseconomicplantgrowswellthere.A．compositionB．competenceC．constructionD．conclusion答案　A解析　句意为：由于山区里土壤的特殊化学成分，这种经济作物在那儿生长得非常好。composition构成，合成物，成分；competence能力；construction建造；conclusion结论。根据常识可知，这里指化学成分，A选项正确。Ⅱ.阅读理解A(2022·兴化一中考前适应性练习)PrimaveraSoundTokickoffthesummer，there’snobetterplacetobethanBarcelona.Ontheconcertlineup，you’llfindbandslikeTheZombies，ArcadeFire，andBonIver.Thentakesometimetosoakupthelocalfood，wine，andculture.Date:May31—June4,2022Location:Barcelona，SpainMusicType：Indie，rock，hip-hopPrice：80—300(around86—323)21\nRecommendedplacestostayinBarcelona：Hotel1898HotelBarcelonaUniversalMercerHotelBarcelonaGovernorsBallOneofthegreatestsummerconcertsinNewYorkCityisGovernor’sBall，whichtakesplaceinearlyJuneatRandall’sIslandPark.SomeofthemanyartistsplayingincludeTool，Phoenix，Lorde，Flume，andtheWu-TangClan.Date：June2—4,2022Location：NewYorkCity，NewYork，USAMusicType：Rock，hip-hop，popPrice：105—305RecommendedplacestostayinNewYorkCity：WNewYork-UnionSquare，UnionSquare，NewYorkCity，UnitedStatesAloftHarlemSuper8LongIslandCityLGAHotelCourtyardNewYorkManhattan/UpperEastSideBonnarooBonnarooisanotherepicsummereventthatdrawsincrowdsofaround60,000eachyear.Someofthemosticonicmusiclegendswillbeplayingthisyear，includingU2，RedHotChiliPeppers，TheWeekend，andChancetheRapper.Date：June8—11,2022Location：Manchester，Tennessee，USAMusicType：Rock，hip-hopPrice：210.50—554＋feesRecommendedplacestostayinManchester：MicrotelInn&SuitesbyWyndhamManchesterCountryInn&SuitesManchesterTheAmbassadorInn&Luxury21\n语篇解读　本篇为应用文，给读者推荐了三个夏天要听的音乐会，以及听音乐会要住的地方，这些音乐会由不同的乐队，在不同的时间、地点演奏，价格也有所不同，但也有共同之处：演奏摇滚和hip-hop(嘻哈)音乐。11．OnwhichofthedayscanyouenjoyRock，hip-hopinPrimaveraSound?A．June1,2022.B．June5,2022.C．June9,2022.D．June11,2022.答案　A解析　细节理解题。由PrimaveraSound中的“Date：May31—June4,2022”可知，我们可以在5月31日到6月4日之间欣赏PrimaveraSound的摇滚和嘻哈音乐，因此A项正确。12．TowitnessiconicmusiclegendChancetheRapperplaying，whichofthefollowingistherecommendedplacetostay?A．CourtyardNewYorkManhattan.B．HotelBarcelonaUniversal.C．Randall’sIslandPark.D．TheAmbassadorInn&Luxury.答案　D解析　细节理解题。由Bonnaroo中的“Someofthemosticonicmusiclegendswillbeplayingthisyear，including...andChancetheRapper.”以及推荐地点中包括“TheAmbassadorInn&Luxury”可知D项正确。B(2022·无锡一中期初考试)MCDONALD’SdrewridiculeinChinawhenitchangeditsregisterednametheretoJingongmen，or“GoldenArches”，inOctober，afteritwassoldtoaChinesecorporate.SomeonWeibothoughtitsoundedold-fashionedandawkward，othersthinkingthatithadconnotations(隐含意义)offurniture.Thefast-foodchainwasquicktoreassurecustomersthatitsrestaurantswouldcontinuetogobyMaidanglao，aroughtransliteration(音译)thathas，overtheyears，becomearecognizablebrandname.ButformostcompaniesnowenteringChinesemarkets，transliterationsareathingofthe21\npast，saysAmandaLiu，vice-presidentofLabbrand(朗标公司)，aconsultancybasedinShanghaithatadvisesfirmsonbrandnames.CompaniesareinsteadchoosingChinesenameswithmeaningsthatcapturepeople’simagination.Thatofteninvolvesgoingbeyondadirecttranslation.NewentrantsaretakinginspirationfromBMW，whichistheevocativeBaoma，or‘treasurehorse’，inChina，andfromCoca-Cola，whichisKekoukele，or‘delicioushappiness’．ThenamingprocessisforcingcompaniestothinkharderabouttheimagetheywanttoprojectinChina，saysMsLiu.LinkedIn，aprofessional-networkingsiteownedbyMicrosoft，chosethenameLingyin，or‘leadingelite’，in2022，signifyingmoreexclusivitythanitsWesternname.HerothercorporatecustomershaveincludedAirbnb，MarvelComicsandHaribo.Labbrandtestsproposalswithfocusgroups，ensuringthatthenamehasnonegativeassociationsinanyofthemajorChinesedialects.Avitalpartoftheprocessischeckingthatcandidatenameshavenotalreadybeensnappedup.TheChineseareenergetictrademarkers：in2022therewere2.8mtrademarkapplicationsinChina，morethantreblethoseinAmericaandtheEUcombined.CompaniesconsideringenteringtheChinesemarketmightoftenfindthattheirproductshavealreadybeengivenlocalnames，thanks，forexample，tocoverageinthepress.SomeevenfindthattheirChinesenamehasalreadybeentrademarked，saysMatthewDresdenofHarrisBricken，alawfirm，eitherbytheirowndistributors，competitorsseekingtoblockitsentry，counterfeiters(伪造者)hopingtopassasthecompany，orsquatters(擅自占用房屋或土地的人)intendingtosellthetrademarktothehighestbidder.Counterfeitersmightalsotakeadvantageofsoundalikes，saysMrDresden，whoadvisesclientstotrademarkthose，too.Perhapsthankstothesemishaps(小事故)，foreignfirmsaregettingwisertotheimportanceofnaminginChina.MoreChinesefirmsarealsoseekingadviceonforeignnames，saysMsLiu，astheyseektoconquerWesternmarkets.Bothknowthatiftheyblunder，thesocial-mediacriticswillbewaiting.21\n语篇解读　对于那些将进入中国市场的公司来说，采用音译名已是明日黄花，各外国企业转而选择能激发想像的中文名称。中文名促使外国企业进一步思考在中国树立的形象。随着越来越多的中国企业希望占领西方市场，中外企业都知道，如果名字没有取好，社交媒体上的批评就会找上门来。13．TheexampleofMcDonaldinParagraph1indicatesthat.A．it’snotawisemoveforMcDonaldtochangeitsnameB．transliterationbecomeslesspopularformanycompaniesC．Chinesecustomersdon’tlikethenewnameD．havingagoodnameisimportantforcompanies答案　B解析　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中“ButformostcompaniesnowenteringChinesemarkets，transliterationsareathingofthepast”可推断，麦当劳在中国注册的中文名的事例暗示对于许多公司来说采用音译名已成为过去，不太受欢迎了。故选B。14．Accordingtothepassage，withaproperChinesename，companiesenteringtheChinesemarketaretryingto.A．showagoodandimpressingimageB．projecttheiradsmorewidelyC．giveinspirationstoothercompaniesD．ensurethatcustomersareattracted答案　A解析　细节理解题。根据第三段首句“ThenamingprocessisforcingcompaniestothinkharderabouttheimagetheywanttoprojectinChina，...”可知，中文取名促使外国企业进一步思考在中国树立的形象。因此推断，有合适的中文名，进入中国市场的公司正努力留下好的、令人印象深刻的形象。故选A。15．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．BMWandCoca-Cola’sChinesenamesaregoodexamplesforothercompanies.B．WiththeChinesenameLingyin，LinkedInhasmoreelitemembersthanbefore.C．Chinesefirmsalsoemphasizetheirforeignnames.21\nD．ChinesetrademarkapplicationsaremuchmorethanthoseofAmerica.答案　B解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可推断，宝马和可口可乐是好的中文名，对于外国公司是好例子，故A项正确；根据最后一段第二句可知，中国公司也开始重视他们的外国名称，故C项正确；根据第四段第二句可知，中国的商标申请要比美国多得多，故D项正确。根据第三段的内容可知，并没提到有了“领英”这个中文名词，LinkedIn拥有比以前更多的精英会员。故B项错误。Ⅲ.完形填空(2022·山东聊城一模)OneeveningIwaswalkingdownadimly(昏暗地)litstreet.JustthenIheard16comingfrombehindsomebushesonlyyardsfromwhereIstood.17，Isloweddowntolisten，andpanickedwhenI18thattheywerethesoundsfromagirlbeing19.ShouldIgetinvolved?Iwasfrightenedformyown20，andcursed(咒骂)myselfforhavingsuddenlydecidedtotakea(n)21routehomethatnight.WhatifIbecameanother22？Shouldn’tIjustruntothenearestphoneandcallthepolice?IknewIhadto23fast.Icouldnotturnmybackonthefateofthisunknowngirl，evenifitmeant24myownlife.Iamnota(n)25man，noramIathletic.But26Ihadfinallydecidedtoofferhelp，Ibecamestrangelytransformed.Iranbehindthebushesand27theattackeroffthegirl.Wefelltotheground，wherewefoughtforafewminutesuntiltheattackerjumpedupand28.Istruggledtorisefromthegroundand29thegirl，whowassobbingbehindatree.Inthedarkness，Icould30seeheroutline，butIcouldcertainly31hertremblingshock.Notwantingtofrightenheranyfurther，Ispoketoherfroma32.“It’sOK，”Isaid33.“Themanranaway.Youaresafenow.”TherewasalongpauseandthenIheardthewords，uttered(说)inwonder，in34.“Dad，isthatyou？”Andthen，frombehindthetree，35myyoungestdaughter，Katherine.Godhasawayofallowingustobeintherightplaceattheright21\ntime.语篇解读　作者晚上路遇女孩受到攻击，经过思想斗争后出手帮助，赶跑了攻击者。最后发现救的是自己的小女儿。最后感慨上帝有一种方式让我们在正确的时间出现在正确的地方。16．A.whispersB．screamsC．laughterD．prayers答案　B解析　whisper低语；scream尖叫；laughter笑；prayer祈祷。根据句中“dimly(昏暗地)litstreet”和“behindsomebushes”的场景描写及下句的panicked和下文“theattackeroffthegirl”可知，作者听到了女孩的尖叫声。故选B。17．A.AlarmedB．DeterminedC．ConvincedD．Embarrassed答案　A解析　alarmed惊恐的；determined坚决的；convinced确信的；embarrassed尴尬的。根据当时的情境：在昏暗的街道上，灌木丛后传出女孩的尖叫声，可知作者当时很惊恐。故选A。18．A.noticedB．rememberedC．realizedD．doubted答案　C解析　notice注意到；remember记得；realize认出；doubt怀疑。作者通过判断，意识到声音来自被攻击的女孩。故选C。19．A.treatedB．questionedC．scoldedD．attacked答案　D解析　treat治疗；question询问；scold责骂；attack攻击。根据下文的theattacker可知，女孩正被攻击。故选D。20．A.mistakeB．discoveryC．scheduleD．safety答案　D21\n解析　mistake错误；discovery发现；schedule时间表；safety安全。遇到这种情况，作者为自己的安全担心，怕参与其中自己会面临危险。故选D。21．A.newB．usualC．dangerousD．normal答案　A解析　new新的；usual通常的；dangerous危险的；normal正常的。作者咒骂自己那晚突然决定走一条新路线回家。故选A。22．A.witnessB．listenerC．loserD．victim答案　D解析　witness证人；listener听众；loser失败者；victim受害人。此处指作者思考如果自己成为另一个受害人怎么办。故选D。23．A.leaveB．speakC．actD．strike答案　C解析　leave离开；speak说；act行动；strike罢工。作者意识到自己必须马上行动，帮助受攻击的女孩。故选C。24．A.riskingB．damagingC．savingD．preventing答案　A解析　risk冒险；damage破坏；save挽救；prevent防止。此处指如果去帮助女孩，可能意味着自己要冒生命危险。故选A。25．A.selfishB．braveC．enthusiasticD．curious答案　B解析　selfish自私的；brave勇敢的；enthusiastic热情的；curious好奇的。作者认为自己不是个勇敢的人，也并不健壮，但决定帮助女孩。故选B。26．A.onceB．evenifC．asifD．until答案　A解析　once一旦；evenif即使；as21\nif好像；until直到。作者一旦决定提供帮助，自己就奇怪地发生了巨大改变。故选A。27．A.threwB．pulledC．putD．lost答案　B解析　throw抛；pull拉；put放；lose遗失。我跑到灌木丛后把攻击者从女孩那里拉开。故选B。28．A.shoutedB．escapedC．frozeD．searched答案　B解析　shout呼喊；escape逃跑；freeze冻结；search搜寻。作者和攻击者搏斗了一会，直到他跳起来逃跑了。故选B。29．A.approachedB．recognizedC．huggedD．warned答案　A解析　approach走近；recognize认出；hug拥抱；warn警告。作者挣扎着从地上起来，走近女孩。故选A。30．A.clearlyB．graduallyC．barelyD．surprisingly答案　C解析　clearly清晰地；gradually逐渐地；barely仅仅，勉强；surprisingly惊人地。此处指作者勉强看到女孩的轮廓。故选C。31．A.showB．measureC．discoverD．sense答案　D解析　show显示；measure测量；discover发现；sense感觉到。此处指作者能够感觉到女孩因受到惊吓而颤抖。故选D。32．A.bushB．treeC．distanceD．corner答案　C21\n解析　bush灌木；tree树；distance距离；corner角落。作者不想再让女孩受到惊吓，所以隔着一段距离和她说话。故选C。33．A.suddenlyB．patientlyC．quicklyD．softly答案　D解析　suddenly突然；patiently耐心地；quickly迅速地；softly温柔地。因为女孩刚受到惊吓，所以作者是温柔地和她说话。根据常识选D。34．A.shockB．amazementC．panicD．silence答案　B解析　shock震惊；amazement惊异；panic恐慌；silence沉默。此处指停顿了一会后，作者听到了惊异地提问。故选B。35．A.steppedB．hidC．marchedD．passed答案　A解析　step迈步，跨步，行走；hide隐藏；march前进；pass通过。此处指从树后走出了作者的小女儿凯瑟琳。故选A。21