天津专用2022高考英语二轮增分策略专题三阅读理解第二节分类突破二细节理解_间接信息题优选习题

二、细节理解——间接信息题(2022·全国Ⅰ，A)Washington，D.C.BicycleToursCherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington，D.C.Duration：3hoursThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington，D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear!WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration：3hours(4miles)JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington，D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike，helmet，cookiesandbottledwater.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington，D.C.Duration：3hoursMorningorAfternoon，thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington，D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents，Congress，memorials，andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtour15\nroute(路线)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration：3hours(7miles)JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington，D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike，helmet，andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.21.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?A.CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington，D.C.B.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington，D.C.D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.答案　A解析　细节理解题。根据第一项自行车旅行中的最后一句“Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear！”可知，这项自行车旅行需要提前预订。其他三项自行车旅行都没有提到需要预订。22.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A.Meetfamouspeople.B.Gotoanationalpark.C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.D.Enjoyinterestingstories.答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第三项自行车旅行中的第二句“KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents，Congress，memorials，andparks.”可知，在CapitalCityBikeTour中，导游会为你讲述关于总统、国会、纪念碑和公园的最有趣的故事。23.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?A.Citymaps.B.Cameras.C.Meals.D.Safetylights.答案　D解析　细节理解题。由题干中的atnight可定位到最后一项自行车旅行。根据最后两句“Tourincludesbike，helmet，andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevests15\nandsafetylights.”可知，在晚上进行的这项自行车旅行给游客配备了安全灯。一、题型解读1.话题特点常考查间接信息理解类的话题有：(1)人物类；(2)故事类；(3)文化教育类；(4)史地自然类；(5)社会生活类；(6)科普说明类。2.设问形式特殊疑问句形式或填空形式：(1)Accordingtotheauthor/passage，...(2)Whatcanwelearnabout...?(3)Whatwasthereasonfor...?二、解题技巧——“断章取义”定答案第一步：阅读题干，确定关键词，锁定原文相关信息；第二步：定位题干关键词的转换形式；第三步：利用正确选项特征，确定答案。正确选项特征：(1)用同义或近义词复现。如【真题感悟】第21题题干中bookinadvance“提前预定”与原文中“Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear(在有效期和樱花消失前预约).”意思相同，可知答案为A项。(2)同根词或原词复现。(3)语言简化。简化原文中的复杂语言现象，并设置为答案。(4)反义词复现。把原文中的意思反过来表达。A(2022·南开区一模)Tigerresearch：IndonesiaWhilesustainabletourismhelpsprotectmanyoftheIndonesia’swildlife，oneofitsrarestspecies，theSumatrantiger，suffersastheisland’scitiesexpandintoitsforesthabitat.FortunatelyBiosphereExpeditionshavecreatedatripthatnotonlybenefitstheseriouslyendangeredanimal，buthelpsprotectittoo.Basedinaremotecampintheheartoftherainforest，volunteerswilltourthelandscape，documentingtracks，killsandscats(粪便)toaidimportantresearchinto15\nthelivesofthesebigcats.Company：BiosphereExpeditionsLength：13daysMoreinformation：www.biosphere-expeditions.orgCyclingtour：CambodiaWithanancientworldoftemplesandjungles，Cambodiaisthekindofcountrythatneedstobeexploredslowly.PEPYToursoffers621milesofgreenfields，dustyorangetracksandwindingriversonits15-daycyclingexpeditions.Moneygoesdirectlytolocalpeoplethroughhomestaysandlunches，whiletoursallowvisitorstolearnKhmercustomsandcontributetoongoingcommunitydevelopmentprojects.Company：PEPYToursLength：15daysMoreinformation：www.pepytours.comBeachstay：TanzaniaAwinnerintheBestforBeachcategoryattheResponsibleTourismAwards2022，CholeMjiniIslandisatourists’paradise(天堂)locatedoffthecoastofTanzania.Withnoroadsorelectricity，gueststothelow-impactdestinationcanenjoyasimplelifeinhand-builttreehousesandspenddayseitherstretchedoutondesertedbeachesorsearchingforwhalesharks.Company：CholeMjiniIslandLength：6daysMoreinformation：www.cholemjini.comTeaching：MoroccoIt’sthebreathtakingbeautythatdrawstouriststoMorocco’sHighAtlasMountains，butwhiletheremotenessofthesettingmayaiditscharm，italsocausesproblems.Fewinhabitantsoftheregion’sruralvillages，especiallyfemales，continuetheireducationpastprimaryschool.EducationForAll(EFA)isaMoroccanNGOthatbuildsandrunsgirls’boardinghousesnearsecondaryschoolsintheHighAtlas，makingfurthereducationtheoreticallypossible.BasedinthebeautifultownofAsni，theprogrammeislookingforfemalevolunteerswithteachingexperience.Company：PeopleandPlacesLength：4weeks(minimum)Moreinformation：www.travel-peopleandplaces.co.uk1.Ifyouwanttohelpwithwildliferesearch，youmaygoto.15\nA.MoroccoB.IndonesiaC.CambodiaD.Tanzania答案　B解析　细节理解题。根据题干关键词helpwithwildliferesearch找到文章对应Tigerresearch：Indonesia部分的“FortunatelyBiosphereExpeditionshavecreatedatripthatnotonlybenefitstheseriouslyendangeredanimal，buthelpsprotectittoo.”可知，想帮助保护野生动物就去印度尼西亚。2.CyclingtoursinCambodiaoffertourists.A.projectstostudytigersB.moneytofindhomestaysandbuylunchesC.opportunitiestolearnlocalcultureD.nightstostayattemples答案　C解析　细节理解题。根据Cyclingtour：Cambodia中的“Moneygoesdirectlytolocalpeoplethroughhomestaysandlunches，whiletoursallowvisitorstolearnKhmercustomsandcontributetoongoingcommunitydevelopmentprojects.”可知，自行车旅行为游客提供的是学习当地文化的机会。3.WecangetalltheinformationaboutTanzaniaEXCEPTthat.A.touristscanliveintreehousesbuiltbyhandB.whalesharksareathreattotouristsinwatersthereC.it’sinconvenienttogetaroundonCholeMjiniIslandD.environmentthereisnotmuchaffectedbyhumanactivities答案　B解析　细节理解题。根据Beachstay：Tanzania中的“Withnoroadsorelectricity，gueststothelow-impactdestinationcanenjoyasimplelifeinhand-builttreehousesandspenddayseitherstretchedoutondesertedbeachesorsearchingforwhalesharks.”可知，A、C、D都有提及，而文中并没有提到鲸鲨对于游客是威胁。4.Jennifer，auniversityprofessorconcernedabouttheeducationofgirlsinremoteareas，maybeinterestedintheinformationon.A.www.travel-peopleandplaces.co.ukB.www.pepytours.comC.www.cholemjini.comD.www.biosphere-expeditions.org答案　A15\n解析　细节理解题。根据文章对应部分Teaching：Morocco中的“Fewinhabitantsoftheregion’sruralvillages，especiallyfemales，continuetheireducationpastprimaryschool.”可知该部分的网站是www.travel-peopleandplaces.co.uk.。5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thefourtoursareallcommercialtours.B.CyclingexpeditiontoCambodialasts13days.C.PEPYorganisestourstoCholeMjiniIsland.D.VolunteersareneededinIndonesiaandMorocco.答案　D解析　推理判断题。根据文章第一部分中的“volunteerswilltourthelandscape，documentingtracks，killsandscats(粪便)toaidimportantresearchintothelivesofthesebigcats”和最后一部分中的“BasedinthebeautifultownofAsni，theprogrammeislookingforfemalevolunteerswithteachingexperience.”由此可知，在印度尼西亚和摩洛哥都需要大量的志愿者参与活动。B(2022·南开区一模)Myfatherworkedinasugar-caneplantationinRioPiedras，PuertoRico.Myfirstjobwastodrivetheoxenthatploughedthecanefields.Iwouldwalkbehindanox，guidinghimwithabroomstick.For1aday，Iworkedeighthoursstraight，withnofoodbreaks.Itwasverytediouswork，butitpreparedmeforlifeandtaughtmemanylastinglessons.Becausetheplantationownerswerealwayswatchingus，IhadtobeontimeeverydayandworkashardasIcould.I’veneverbeenlateforanyjobsince.Ialsolearnedaboutbeingrespectfulandfaithfultothepeopleyouworkfor.Moreimportantly，Iearnedmypay；itneverenteredmymindtosayIwassickjustbecauseIdidn’twanttowork.Iwasonlysixyearsold，butIwasdoingaman’sjob.Ourfamilyneededeverydollarwecouldmakebecausemyfatherneverearnedmorethan18aweek.Ourhomewasathree-roomwoodshackwithadirtyfloorandnotoilet.Nothingmademeprouderthanbringinghomemoneytohelpmymother，father，twobrothersandthreesisters.Thisgavemeself-esteem，oneofthemostimportantthingsapersoncouldhave.WhenIwasseven，Igotworkatagolfcoursenearourhouse.Myjobwastostanddownthefairwayandspottheballsastheylanded，sothegolferscouldfind15\nthem.Losingaballmeantyouwerefired，soInevermissedone.SomenightsIwouldlieinbedanddreamofmakingthousandsofdollarsbyplayinggolfandbeingabletobuyabicycle.ThemoreIdreamed，themoreIthought.Whynot？Imademyfirstgolfcluboutofguavalimb(番石榴树枝)andapieceofpipe.ThenIhammeredanemptytincanintotheshapeofaball.AndfinallyIdugtwosmallholesinthegroundandhittheballbackandforth.Ipracticedwiththesamedevotionandintensity.Ilearnedworkinginthefield—exceptnowIwasdrivinggolfballswithaclub，notoxenwithabroomstick.6.Thewriter’sfirstjobwas.A.tospottheballsastheylandedB.towatchoverthesugar-caneplantationC.todrivetheoxenthatploughedthecanefieldsD.tostanddownthefairwayatagolfcourse答案　C解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Myfirstjobwastodrivetheoxenthatploughedthecanefields.”可知，作者的第一份工作是赶牛犁耕这块甘蔗田地。7.Theunderlinedword“tedious”inParagraph2mostprobablymeans“”.A.difficultB.interestingC.unusualD.boring答案　D解析　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Iworkedeighthoursstraight，withnofoodbreaks.”可知，这个工作很繁琐，我每天工作八小时，没有吃饭休息时间。由此推知“tedious”的意思是“繁琐的，乏味的”。8.Thewriterlearnedthatfromhisfirstjob.A.heshouldberespectfulandfaithfultothepeopleheworkedforB.heshouldneverfailtosayhellotohisownerC.heshouldworkforthosewhohelikedmostD.heshouldworklongerthanwhathewasexpected答案　A解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Ialsolearnedaboutbeingrespectfulandfaithfultothepeopleyouworkfor.”可知，作者学会了要尊敬和信任于你为之工作的人。9.gavethewriterself-esteem.A.Owninghisowngolfcourse15\nB.EarningmoneytosupportthefamilyC.HelpinghisfatherontheplantationD.Havingafamilyofeightpeople答案　B解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Nothingmademeprouderthanbringinghomemoneytohelpmymother，father，twobrothersandthreesisters.Thisgavemeself-esteem，oneofthemostimportantthingsapersoncouldhave.”可知，没有任何事情比我拿钱回家给我爸妈、两个弟弟和三个妹妹更值得我骄傲，这让我有了自尊心。10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Hewantedtorunagolfcoursenearhishouse.B.Hewantedtomakemoneybyguidingoxen.C.Hewassatisfiedwiththejobontheplantation.D.Hewantedtobecomeasuccessfulgolfer.答案　D解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知作者跟那些高尔夫球手一样，有同样的投入和强度训练。由此不难看出他成为一名高尔夫球员的迫切之心。题型组合练(五)Ⅰ.单项填空1.PhysicallychallengedasJackwas，hedidnothimselftohisfate.A.resistB.reserveC.resignD.rescue答案　C解析　考查动词词义辨析。句意为：杰克虽然身体不太好，但是他不愿屈服于自己的命运。resist抵抗，抗拒；reserve储备，保留；resign委托，使听从，屈服；rescue营救，援救。resignoneselftoone’sfate屈服于自己的命运，为固定短语，故C项正确。2.Haveyoueverbeeninasituationyouknowtheotherpersonisrightyetyoucannotagreewithhim?A.whereB.whichC.thatD.as答案　A15\n解析　句意为：你是否曾经处于这样一种境况？你明知道另一个人是对的，但你却不能同意他的看法。分析句子可知，句中的先行词为situation，在从句中作地点状语，应使用关系副词where。3.Shethentookthelittlekey，andopenedit，trembling，butcouldnotatfirstseeanything，becausethewindowswereshut.A.plainlyB.closelyC.firmlyD.frequently答案　A解析　句意为：于是她拿了那把小钥匙，颤抖着打开了它，但是因为窗户都是关着的，一开始没能看清楚任何东西。closely紧密地，接近的；firmly坚定地；frequently频繁地，均与句意不符。plainly清楚地，符合句意。4.WhileinteractingwithpeopleinIndia，Iwastoawayoflifecompletelydifferentfrommyown.A.reducedB.exposedC.committedD.transferred答案　B解析　句意为：在印度与人交流时，我接触到了一种生活方式，与我的完全不同。bereducedto减少到，沦落为；becommittedto致力于；betransferredto被转移到，均不符合句意。beexposedto接触到，暴露于，符合语境。5.WatchingbasketballgamesonTVathomeisonething，whilegoingtowatchthemliveisquiteanother.A.performB.performingC.toperformD.beingperformed答案　D解析　句意为：在家里的电视上看篮球比赛是一回事，去看现场比赛又是另外一回事。根据句意可知，perform与其逻辑主语them之间为被动关系，且此处表示去现场看正在进行的比赛，故应用beingperformed作宾语them的补足语，故D项正确。6.workandcreativeactivitieshavebeenimportantdriversofhumanprogressisdeeplyrootedinoursocialvalues.A.HowB.WhetherC.ThatD.Why答案　C解析　句意为：工作和创造性活动是人类进步的重要驱动者，这深深地植根于我们的社会价值观中。“workandcreativeactivitieshavebeenimportantdriversofhumanprogress”作主语，是主语从句，该从句结构意思完整，故应用that引导该从句。15\n7.—Don’tmakeaspecialjourneytopickupthelaundryforme.—It’sOK.Itotheshopanyway.A.wasgoingB.willhavegoneC.havegoneD.willbegoing答案　D解析　句意为：——不用专门为我去取衣服。——没关系。反正我都要去商店。由第一句可知，去取衣服是还没有发生的事情，由此可知，去商店是将来的事情，故D选项正确。D选项的将来进行时相当于一般将来时。8.—WhatisyourimpressionofyourformercolleagueNick?—He’shelpful，andhegiveusahandatwork.A.mustB.wouldC.mayD.should答案　B解析　句意为：——你对前同事尼克的印象怎样？——他很乐于助人，并经常在工作中帮助我们。must必须，肯定；would过去常常，将；may可能，可以；should竟然，应该。由第一句中的“formercolleague”可知，Nick过去常常帮助同事，故B选项正确。9.theoilunderthesea，thecompanyhasraisedamplefundstodeveloppetroleumexplorationequipment.A.ExploitingB.HavingexploitedC.ToexploitD.Exploited答案　C解析　句意为：为了探索海底石油，该公司筹集了充足的资金来开发石油勘探设备。此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故C选项正确。10.Thankstothespecialchemicalofthesoilinthemountainousarea，thiseconomicplantgrowswellthere.A.compositionB.competenceC.constructionD.conclusion答案　A解析　句意为：由于山区里土壤的特殊化学成分，这种经济作物在那儿生长得非常好。composition构成，合成物，成分；competence能力；construction建造；conclusion结论。根据常识可知，这里指化学成分，A选项正确。Ⅱ.阅读理解A(2022·天津部分区县一模)15\nOneofthenewest“smart”devicesisanoldfavorite，acamera.Andsmartcamerasaregettingsmarterallthetime.Somearenowbuiltwithmachinelearningtoolstohelpthemthinkforthemselves.Machinelearninginvolvesputtinglargeamountsofdataintoacomputerforprocessing.GoogleClipsOneofthelatesttolaunchisGoogleClips.Itisthefirstcameradevelopedbythewebsearchgiantthatisnotbuiltintoaphone.Thesmallandlightdeviceisdesignedtobeputsomewhereinaroomtotakepicturesbyitself.Itcanalsobestucktoanobjectoraperson’sclothing.Googlesaysmachinelearninghelpsthecamerachoosethebesttimesandsituationsfortakingpicturesandvideoclips.Itcanalsorecognizethefacesofpeopleorpetschosenbytheuserandtakepicturesoftheminamorenaturalway.Thedeviceisnotyetbeingsold，butinterestedbuyerscanjoinawaitinglisttobeinformedwhenitisavailable.GoProHeroGoProisanothercompanydevelopingmachinelearningtechnology.GoProalsousesmachinelearningtopoweritsQuikStoriesfeature.Thistooltakesexistingphotosandvideosandautomaticallycreatesafinishedvideopiece，completewithmusicandeffects.SnapSpectaclesMessagingappSnapchatsellsapairofsunglasseswithabuilt-incamerathatcanrecordshortvideoclipswiththepushofabutton.SnapInc.saystheproduct，calledSpectacles，isdesignedto“capturethemoment，withouttakingyououtofit”.Manysmartphonesalreadyhavefacialrecognitiontechnologybuiltintothedevices.SnapInc.hasstartedsellingitsSpectaclessunglassesonlineintheUnitedStates.AppleiPhoneXApple’snewiPhoneXisbeinglaunchedwithitsnewFaceIDsystemthatitsayswillunlockthephonejustbyhavingtheuserlookatit.ThisreplacestheTouchIDonpreviousdevicesthatusedafingerprinttounlockthephone.Applesaysthesystemworksbyprojectingmorethan30,000dotsonthefacetocreateakindofmap.AppleclaimsitsfacialrecognitionisevensecureenoughtoallowpaymentsthroughitsApplePayservice.15\n11.Whatcanmachinelearningtoolshelpcamerasdo?A.Getmuchsmarter.B.Processmoreroughly.C.Keepdataforever.D.Storemorenaturalphotos.答案　A解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Andsmartcamerasaregettingsmarterallthetime.Somearenowbuiltwithmachinelearningtoolstohelpthemthinkforthemselves.”可知，机器学习工具来帮助他们更智能。12.WhatcanweknowaboutGoogleClips?A.Itcanonlybeputinaroom.B.Peoplecanbuyitonlineeasily.C.Itcanbebuiltintoaphone.D.Youcantakephotosautomaticallywithit.答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据GoogleClips中的“Thesmallandlightdeviceisdesignedtobeputsomewhereinaroomtotakepicturesbyitself.”可知，它可以自动拍摄。13.WhatisthespecialfunctionofGoProHero?A.Ithastousepowertowork.B.Itcanrecordvideosvividly.C.Itprovidesmusicandeffectsforvideos.D.Itusestechnologyofmachinelearning.答案　C解析　细节理解题。根据GoProHero中的“Thistooltakesexistingphotosandvideosandautomaticallycreatesafinishedvideopiece，completewithmusicandeffects.”可知选C。14.WhichofthefollowingcannowbeboughtsurelyontheInternet?A.GoogleClips.B.GoProHero.C.Spectaclessunglasses.D.AppleiPhoneX.答案　C解析　细节理解题。根据SnapSpectacles中的“SnapInc.hasstartedsellingitsSpectaclessunglassesonlineintheUnited15\nStates.”可知，Snap公司已经开始在网上销售这种太阳镜。15.HowisAppleiPhoneXunlocked?A.Byafingerprint.B.Byfacialrecognition.C.Bypushingabutton.D.Bymakingamap.答案　B解析　细节理解题。根据AppleiPhoneX中的“Apple’snewiPhoneXisbeinglaunchedwithitsnewFaceIDsystemthatitsayswillunlockthephonejustbyhavingtheuserlookatit.”可知，新iPhoneX利用脸部识别解锁。B(2022·和平区二模)Oneofthegreatestsourcesofunhappiness，inmyexperience，isthedifficultywehaveinacceptingthingsastheyare.Whenweseesomethingwedon’tlike，wewishitcouldbedifferent.Wecryoutforsomethingbetter.Thatmaybehumannature，orperhapsit’ssomethingingrained(根深蒂固的)inourculture.Therootoftheunhappinessisn’tnecessarilythatwewantthingstobedifferent.However，it’sthatwedecidedwedidn’tlikeitinthefirstplace.We’vejudgeditasbad，ratherthansaying，“It’snotbadorgood，anditjustisit.”Inoneofmybooks，Isaid，“Youshouldexpectpeopletomessupandexpectthingstogodifferentlythanyouplanned.”Somereaderssaidit’stoosorrowfultoexpectthingstogowrong.However，it’sonlynegativeifyouseeitasnegativeandjudgeitasbad.Instead，youcouldacceptitasthewaytheworldworksandtrytounderstandwhythatis.Thiscanbeappliedtowhateveryoudo：howotherpeopleactatwork，howpoliticsworksandhowdepressingthenewsmediacanbe.Acceptthesethingsastheyare，andtrytounderstandwhythey’rethatway.Itwillsaveyoualotofsadness，becauseyou’llnolongersay，“Oh，Iwishbadthingsdidn’thappen！”Doesitmeanyoucanneverchangethings？Notatall.Butchangethingsnotbecauseyoucan’tacceptthingsastheyare，butbecauseyouenjoytheprocessofchanging，learningandgrowing.Canwemakethisworldabetterplace？Youcansaythatyou’llcontinuetotrytodothingstohelpothers，togrowasaperson，tomakeadifferenceinthis15\nworld.That’sthecorrectpathyouchoosetotake，becauseyouenjoythatpath.Therefore，whenyoufindyourselfjudgingandwishingfordifference，tryadifferentapproach：accept，andunderstand.Itmightleadtosomeinterestingresults.16.Theauthorbelievesthatwefeelunhappymaybebecause.A.itisournaturalemotioninthelifeB.cultureasksustobedifferentfromothersC.everyonehastheirownopinionsonthingsD.wedislikesomethinginthebeginning答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第四、五句“Therootoftheunhappinessisn’tnecessarilythatwewantthingstobedifferent.However，it’sthatwedecidedwedidn’tlikeitinthefirstplace.”可知，作者认为，人们不快乐的根源是从开始我们就不喜欢某些东西，不愿意接受它们本来的样子。17.Somereadersthinkthewordsintheauthor’sbookistoo.A.depressingB.frighteningC.delightingD.idealistic答案　A解析　细节理解题。从文章第三段第二句“Somereaderssaidit’stoosorrowfultoexpectthingstogowrong.”可知。一些读者认为作者的话太过消沉、悲观。18.InParagraph4，theunderlinedword“It”refersto.A.actingwellatworkandinpoliticsB.feelingdepressedforthenewsmediaC.acceptingandunderstandingwhathashappenedD.sayingsomethingnegativewhenbadthingscome答案　C解析　代词指代题。结合上下文语境可知，it指代上一句的内容，即：接受事物本来的样子，尽量去理解它们为什么会是那样子。19.Inthelastparagraph，youareadvised.A.tohelpothersandmakeadifferenceB.toenjoywhatyouhavetodointheworkC.tojudgeyourselfandmakeawishforyouD.totryanewwaywhenmakingtheworldbetter答案　D15\n解析　段落大意题。根据文章末段最后一句“Therefore，whenyoufindyourselfjudgingandwishingfordifference，tryadifferentapproach：accept，andunderstand.Itmightleadtosomeinterestingresults.”可知，作者建议人们如果想让事情有所改观就要去尝试新的方法。20.Whatisthemainthemeofthepassage?A.Expectingthingstobedifferentgivesushope.B.Acceptingcanmakeourlifehappierandbetter.C.Traditionalculturebecomestherootofunhappiness.D.Judginggoodorbadisimportantforourworld.答案　B解析　主旨大意题。文章开头提出人们不快乐的根源是不愿意接受事物本来的样子，然后进一步分析说明，最后建议人们为了快乐就要学会接受、理解。由此可知B选项内容能体现文章中心。15