2023版高考英语一轮复习20体育活动大型体育赛事体育与降体育精神课时提能练含解析202303172125

课时提能练(二十)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·重庆市名校联盟二诊模拟)Onabrightearlysummermorning，manyyoungswimmersgatheratalocalswimmingpoolinthestateofMaryland.Theyaremembersofacompetitivesummerswimteam，andthat'saregularpartoftheirdailylife.Astheytrainandcutsecondsofftheirtimes，whichmakesthemclosertothechampionshipinthefollowinglargescale(大规模的)competitions，theyaregettinglotsofphysicalexerciseandvitaminDfromthesun.However，thebenefitsofbelongingtoasportsteamarenotjusthonororhealthrelated.Youcanlearnusefullifeskills.PaulWaas，coachoftheswimteam，explains，“Thediscipline(自制力)comesintoplaywhenyou'retalkingaboutconcentratingonthedetailsthatyourcoachesaresayingasitmakesyoufasterratherthanjustgoingupanddownthepoolthesamewayyouhaveeverytime.Whenyoufocusonwhatyou'redoingrightandwhatyoucandobetter，thenyou'llseetheimprovement.”Besides，thereisalsoresponsibility，goalsandworkingswithinagroup.Again，hereisCoachWaas.“It'sreallygreat！It'ssofuntowatchfromyeartoyear.I'vehadkidswhoas7yearoldsontheteamcouldbarelypayattentioninpracticeandwereonlyinterestedinwhowasgoingfirst.Nowthey'vecomebackas8yearolds，havingsetsomegoalsandhavingthingsthattheywanttoachieve.Theseskillscanhelpthemalot.”Butplayingthesportsisnotwithoutharm.Somecanbehardonthebody.Youngathletessufferseriousinjuriesthatfollowthemintoadulthood.CoachWaassaysthatinfact，swimmingisdifferentfrommostothers.First，itposesalowerriskofinjury.Thesecondonerelatestohowswimteamsarestructured.Actually，childrenarenottheonlyoneswhocanbenefit.Adultscanalsobenefitfromteamsports.【语篇解读】　参加团队体育运动不仅让你身体更健康，还会教会你许多有用的生活技能，无论是小孩还是大人都能从中受益。1．Whydotheswimmersgatherataswimmingpoolintheearlymorning?A．ToobtainvitaminDfromthesun.B．Tobuildpracticalskillsforfuture.C．TojoininalargescalecompetitionD．Tocarryouttheirroutinepractice.D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Onabrightearlysummermorning，many\nyoung...membersofacompetitivesummerswimteam，andthat'saregularpartoftheirdailylife.”可知，这些孩子一大早聚集在游泳池目的是练习游泳，这已是他们的惯例。【干扰项分析】虽然文中提到了“theyaregettinglotsofphysicalexerciseandvitaminDfromthesun”，但是这些是在练习游泳的同时会获得的益处，而不是目的，故排除A项；“Youcanlearnusefullifeskills”也是团队体育运动的额外收获，而非练习目的，故排除B项；“makesthemclosertothechampionshipinthefollowinglargescale(大规模的)competitions”指孩子们的训练可能带来的结果，与题干不符，故排除C项。]2．WhatdoPaulWaas'wordsimplyinParagraph2?A．Swimmersshouldconcentrateondetails.B．Membersgetdisciplinedandfocusedintheteam.C．Coachesplayakeyroleinplayers'improvement.D．Mostswimmersenjoyswimminginthesameway.B　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Thediscipline(自制力)comesintoplaywhenyou'retalkingaboutconcentratingonthedetails”“Whenyoufocusonwhatyou'redoingrightandwhatyoucandobetter”可知，教练的话暗示在团队里练习时，队员会变得自律和专注，故B项符合题意。]3．Whathappenstothekidsafterayear'straining?A．Theycaremoreaboutwhogoesfirst.B．Theypaylessattentiontotraining.C．Theydevotemoretimetopractice.D．Theyaremoreawareofwhattodo.D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Nowthey'vecomebackas8yearolds，havingsetsomegoalsandhavingthingsthattheywanttoachieve.”可知，教练PaulWaas讲述他的队员经过一年训练后，学会制定目标，即知道他们应该做什么，想要得到什么，故选D项。]4．Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthetext?A．Exercisebenefitseveryone.B．Swimmingisbetterthanothersports.C．Teamsportsteachlifelessons.D．Physicalexerciseshouldbeahabit.C　[主旨大意题。综合全文内容可知，本文主要讲了团队体育运动会教授许多对生活有用的技能和经验，比如自律、专注等。文中的“However，thebenefitsofbelongingtoasportsteamarenotjusthonororhealthrelated.Youcanlearnusefullifeskills.”“Theseskillscanhelpthemalot.”均是暗示。]\nB(2020·长沙市统一模拟)Acutepanda“fromthefuture”andatraditionalredlanternsignifying(表示)China'spastwereuncoveredastherespectivemascots(吉祥物)forthe2020WinterOlympicsandParalympicsonTuesday.Justoverayearsincesubmissionsofproposalswerefirstinvitedfortheproject，pandaBingDwenDwenandredlanternShueyRhonRhonwererevealedasthewinnersatBeijing'sShougangIceHockeyArena.BingDwenDwenisdescribedasapandawearinganicyshellthatisstylizedasasportshelmet.Theoutfitissimilartoaspacesuit，sothepandacanbeimaginedasawintersportsathletefromthefuture.ManydetailsofthedesignrefertosignificantelementsofBeijing2022.Aseriesofcoloredfloatinglinesarounditsheadresembletracksonanicerink，similartooneoftheGames'venues—theNationalSpeedSkatingOval，alsoknownasthe“IceRibbon”．Bingmeans“ice”，whichisasymbolofpurityandtoughness，inlinewiththespiritoftheOlympics.Dwensuggestshealthandintelligence，withtherepetitionofthewordgivingitamoreinformal，friendlyfeel.Altogether，BingDwenDwenisarepresentationofphysicalstrength，mentaltoughnessandthespiritoftheOlympics.ParalympicmascotShueyRhonRhonisequallycomplexinitsmeaning.ItresemblesaChineseredlantern，commonlyseenondoorsandstreetsduringChineseNewYear，whichin2022fallsthreedaysbeforetheOlympicWinterGamesopeningceremony.Redlanternssymbolizehappiness，harvestandwealth，whilethecrownlike“Ruyi”isasymbolofroyalauthorityinChineseculture.ShueyRhonRhon'sheadisadorned(装饰)withdesignsofpigeonsbypapercutting.TheirarrangementformstheshapeoftheTempleofHeaven，oneofBeijing'smostfamouslandmarks.Theblushonthemascot'scheeksaddsafestivefeel，withthecolorredassociatedwithgoodluck.Shueymeans“snow”，whileRhonRhonaretwodifferentChinesecharacterswiththesamepronunciation.Thenamesymbolizesharmonyandexchangesbetweendifferentcultures，andbuildingacommunitywithasharedfuture.【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了2022年北京冬奥会吉祥物“冰墩墩”和冬残奥会吉祥物“雪容融”的外观、设计理念及象征意义。“冰墩墩”是以熊猫为原型进行设计创作的，表现了奥林匹克运动会的精神；而“雪容融”是以灯笼为原型进行设计创作的，融入了许多中国文化元素。\n5．Whatisthistextmainlyabout?A．ThedesignersofthemascotsforBeijing2022.B．TheprocessofdesigningthemascotsforBeijing2022.C．ThescheduleofdesigningthemascotsforBeijing2022.D．Themascots'appearanceandsymbolicsignificanceforBeijing2022.D　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了2022年北京冬奥会的吉祥物“冰墩墩”和冬残奥会的吉祥物“雪容融”的外观及象征意义，故D项正确。]6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outfit”inParagraph3referto?A．Apieceofcloth.B．Asetofclothes.C．Aseriesofdecorations.D．Abunchofbuttons.B　[词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句中的“wearinganicyshell”和画线词所在句中的“issimilartoaspacesuit”可推知，画线词是指熊猫所穿的是类似于太空服的“一套服装”，故选B项。]7．WhatdoesthenameofthemascotShueyRhonRhonrepresent?A．Purityandtoughness.B．Strengthandbeauty.C．Healthandintelligence.D．Harmonyandexchanges.D　[细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，“雪容融”这个名字象征着不同文化之间的和谐和交流，故D项正确。]8．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Aposter.　　　　　B．Anovel.C．Anewspaper.D．Atravelbrochure.C　[文章出处题。本文主要介绍了2022年北京冬奥会吉祥物“冰墩墩”和冬残奥会的吉祥物“雪容融”的外观及象征意义；又根据文中的一些用词，如第一段中的“onTuesday”和第二段表述的内容：自从征集提案一年来，作为北京奥运会吉祥物的获胜者“冰墩墩”和“雪容融”在北京首钢冰球馆揭晓亮相可推知，本文可能摘自报纸，故选C项。]Ⅱ.完形填空Iusedtohaterunning.Itseemedtoohard，andpushingoutsidemycomfort1wasnotsomethingIwaseagertodo.Infact，Iwouldn'thavebecomea(n)2ifitweren'tformyhusbandCharles.Hehadbeenaserious，competitiverunnerformanyyears.Afterour\nmarriage，hewouldn'tstoptalkingabouthowmuchhe3it.Sohepickeditupagain，andafteraboutayear，Istartedtojoinhimatthe4.Justafewweekslater，Charlessignedupforafivekilometerraceforbothofus.I5aboutdoingit.Itwastoosoon.Butontheraceday，thereIwas.Thegunwentoff.Thousandsofrunnerspushedforward.Thefirstkilometerwastough.Iwasalreadybreathing6andpainfullyawareofthegroupofrunners7pastme.AfteranotherminuteIsawthethreekilometer8.AllIcouldthinkofwasthatIwas9.Iroundedacorner，andsawbothsidesofthestreetcrowedwithpeoplewatchingtherace，allcheeringtherunnerson：I10mylegstokeepgoing.ThenIlookedupandsawtheclock.The11tickingawaygavemeanincentive(动力)．IknewthatifIhadactuallyfinishedthisraceIwouldhaveachievedsomething.So，I12up，andkickedit.IhadmyarmsheldhigherwhenIpassedthroughthefinishline.Avolunteerputa(n)13aroundmyneck.“Youdidgreat！I'msoproudofyou！”CharleswasthrilledthatI'd14.“Thatwasamazing！Iwanttodoanotherrace.”Iproudlyhuggedmymedalaswestartedtowalktothepostracefestivities.Mylungsandmycomfortzoneboth15.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者原本并不喜欢跑步，但是在丈夫的带动下她也开始跑步，并且坚持完成了5公里的跑步比赛。1．A.block　　B．line　　C．emotion　　D．zoneD　[根据文章最后一句中的“mycomfortzone”可知，答案选D项。]2．A.wifeB．coachC．expertD．runnerD　[根据下文内容可知，作者一开始不喜欢跑步，在丈夫的带动下，最后变成了一名跑步者(runner)。]3．A.hatedB．missedC．admiredD．trainedB　[根据下文中的“Sohepickeditupagain”可推知，作者的丈夫和她结婚以后，总是不停地说他有多想念(missed)跑步。]\n4．A.raceB．departmentC．trackD．ceremonyC　[根据该句可知，当作者的丈夫重新开始跑步时，作者也加入了他，和他一起跑。track“跑道”。]5．A.hesitatedB．puzzledC．caredD．broughtA　[根据上文可知，作者以前并不喜欢跑步，当作者的丈夫让她一起报名参加五公里跑步的时候，作者有些犹豫。]6．A.mildlyB．shallowlyC．gentlyD．heavilyD　[根据空前一句“Thefirstkilometerwastough”可推知，当跑了一公里的时候，作者已经呼吸沉重了。heavily“沉重地”。]7．A.runningB．bendingC．reachingD．pacingA　[根据语境可知，由于呼吸困难，作者跑步的速度渐渐地慢了下来，于是有很多人跑着超过了作者。]8．A.symbolB．markC．patternD．campaignB　[根据该句“AfteranotherminuteIsawthethreekilometer________.”可知，此处表示作者看见了三公里的标志牌。mark“标记”。]9．A.hopefulB．speechlessC．dyingD．movingC　[根据上文可知，作者跑了一公里便呼吸沉重，并结合语境可知，当作者看见了三公里的标志牌时，作者感觉自己要死了一样。]10．A.sunkB．bentC．shookD．willedD　[在听到周围人的鼓舞之后，作者设法用意志力驱使自己的双腿移动。will“设法用意志力驱使”。]11．A.secondsB．titlesC．criteriaD．competitorsA　[根据语境可知，此处表示作者觉得每一秒走过的时间都在给她加油助力。]12．A.dressedB．cameC．stayedD．straightenedD　[根据空前一句“Iknewthat...achieved\nsomething”可推知，作者挺直身子，继续坚持完成赛跑。straightenup“挺直身子”。]13．A.ropeB．medalC．necklaceD．awardB　[根据下文中的“Iproudlyhuggedmymedal”可知，此处表示一个志愿者给作者带上奖牌。]14．A.gotitB．meantitC．madeitD．defeateditC　[根据上文内容可知，作者最终完成了对她来说看似不可能完成的事情，跑完了五公里。makeit“获得成功”。]15．A.trembledB．expandedC．achedD．eruptedB　[根据语境可知，此处表示在作者成功跑完了这次五公里之后，她感觉自己的肺和舒适区都得到了扩展。]Ⅲ.语法填空AloyalLiverpoolFootballClubfanisalwayssuretocheeronhisbelovedteamwhenevertheyplay—andthanks1.________aletterfromhislovingolderbrother,theteamwasrecentlyabletoreturnthefavor.Ian,aLiverpoolCitynative，2.________hopedhishometownsoccerteamwoulddosomethingspecialforhisbrotherDavid，3.________(write)alettertotheclubaboutDavid'scondition.SinceDavidwasstarvedofoxygenasaninfant,hedevelopeddifferentlythanotherkids.ThoughDavidstruggled4.________(academic),hisenduringloyaltytoLiverpoolFCneverlefthim,andheiswellknowninthecommunityasagreatkidandapassionatefan.Davidisaseasonticketholderwho5.________(try)togoandseeLiverpoolFCplayasmanytimesashecan.Hecouldneverhaveexpectedthatoneofthe6.________(great)membersoftheteamwouldgotoseehimwhilehewasatwork.LiverpoolFCdefenderVirgilvanDijk，7.________(consider)tobeoneofthebestdefenderintheworld,visitedDavid'splaceofworktogivehimthesurpriseofalifetime：8.________triptoLiverpoolFC'straininggroundtomeettheteam.Inadditiontothat,VirgilvanDijkpresentedDavidwith9.________(ticket)foralltherestofthegamestomakesuretheyhadhissupportfromthestandsforeveryoneofthe2510.________(remain)gamesthisseason.【语篇解读】\n　David小时候由于缺氧，身体发育受到了影响。但是，他对利物浦足球俱乐部的喜爱却从未减少。他的哥哥Ian给该俱乐部写了一封信，说明了David的情况，球队为了回馈David对他们的喜爱，特委托明星后卫VirgilvanDijk去看望David，并邀请他去球队训练场地和球队见面，还赠送给他这个赛季剩余比赛的所有门票。1．to　[考查固定用法。thanksto为固定用法，意为“由于，幸亏”，符合语境，所以填to。]2．who　[考查关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰表示人的先行词Ian，所以填who。]3．wrote　[考查谓语动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空处为本句的谓语，又结合语境可知，写信发生在过去，故空处需要用一般过去时，所以填wrote。]4．academically　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰前面的动词struggled，需要用副词，所以填academically。]5．tries　[考查从句谓语的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处为who引导的定语从句的谓语。结合语境可知，David是利物浦足球俱乐部的忠实球迷，他是一位季票持有者，他会尽可能多地去看球队的比赛，故本句描述的是客观存在的情况，空处需用一般现在时，又主语为who，修饰的aseasonticketholder为第三人称单数，所以填tries。]6．greatest　[考查形容词的最高级。根据句意可知，该处表示“该球队中最伟大的队员之一”，需用形容词的最高级形式，所以填greatest。]7．considered　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语为visited，空处为动词的非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语VirgilvanDijk之间为动宾关系，所以填过去分词形式considered。]8．a　[考查冠词。根据句意可知，冒号后的内容与“thesurpriseofalifetime”呼应，为名词短语，表示“去利物浦足球俱乐部的训练场地和球队见面的旅行”，为泛指，且trip的发音以辅音音素开头，所以填a。]9．tickets　[考查名词的单复数。根据空后的“foralltherestofthegames”可知，此处指的是这个赛季剩余比赛的全部门票，ticket为可数名词，需用其复数形式，所以填tickets。]10．remaining　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空前为the，空后为名词games，空处应为形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词games，所以填remaining。]Ⅳ.应用文写作(2020·潍坊市模拟)假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Noah在给你的邮件中说他对中国古代建筑很感兴趣，并打算利用暑假参观一下。请你给他回封邮件，内容包括：1．推荐要参观的建筑；2．约定参观的时间；3．提出其他建议。注意：1.词数80左右；\n2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________【参考范文】DearNoah，I'mreallygladthatyoutakegreatinterestinancientChinesearchitecture.MillionsofancientbuildingshavesurvivedinChina'shistory.However,thereisnobetterplacetovisitthantheForbiddenCityinBeijing.Itservedasaroyalpalaceforcenturies.Summerisagoodtimefortraveling,soshallwegothereonAugust1?Ibelieveyou'llhaveabetterexperienceifyouknowitshistory.You'dbetterdosomeresearchonline.Pleaseletmeknowifyouneedfurtherinformation.Yours，LiHuaⅤ.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2020·济南市5月模拟)WhenJayceCrowderwasinkindergarten,hebegannoticingthathelookeddifferentfromhisclassmates.Theyhadtwohands.Buthehadonlyone.Itstartedwhenoneboyteasedhim.Jaycewasinabadmood.He'dreturnhomeinDesMoines,Iowa,withquestions：WhyamIdifferent?Whyme?Why?“Heactuallytoldusthathewasmadatlookingsodifferentfromothers，”saidhismother,CortneyLewis.“Thatreallyhurthim.”Lewisadmittedshedidn'tknowwhattodoatthatpoint.Howcouldsheofferanswerstoherson'squestionswhenshehadneverfoundthoseanswersherself?Afewweekslater,LewiscamehomefromherjobandturnedontheTVtoanewsstoryaboutTrashaunWillis,aneighthgraderfromWashington,Iowa.Theboy,then14,hadbecomeanInternetstarafterpostingvideosofhisslamdunks(扣篮),and,likeJayce,hewasmissingmostofhisleftarm.LewiscalledJaycein.Hewasshocked,staringatoneslamdunkafteranother.Atthetime,itseemedthatmeetingTrashaunwouldsimplybeaninspiringmomentforJayce—he'dseeashiningrolemodelwithaseeminglysimilarborndisability.Andhaditstayedjustthat,Lewiswouldhavebeenhappy.ButlittledidsheknowthatafamilyfriendhadalreadyreachedouttotheDesMoinesRegister，askingthenewspapertohelpsetupameetingwithTrashauntobuildJayce'sconfidence.\n“Itreassuredme，”saidLewis.“Iknowinmyheartthateverything'sgoingtobeOK.Trashaunhasgrownuptobeawonderfulkid.AndIknowJayceistoo.”TrashaundidgetseriouswithJayce.Finally,theboysmetatWashingtonMiddleSchoolonaSaturdayafternoonacoupleofmonthslater,inApril2017,andtheyinstantlybonded.注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答。Thedaywasnotspentonselfpity—itwasreallyfunandunforgettable._______________________________________________________________Afterthemeeting,Jaycelearnedtoaccepthisdisability.__________________【参考范文】Thedaywasnotspentonselfpity—itwasreallyfunandunforgettable.Theyrodebikesaroundtheschool,tookphotos,andplayedhideandseek.TrashauntaughtJaycehowtoslamdunk.HeevengaveJayceashirtasagift.Hetalkedabouttheirleftarms.HetoldJaycehewasperfectthewayhelooked.Heencouragedhimnottoletanyonedraghimdownandshakehisconfidence.Afterthemeeting,Jaycelearnedtoaccepthisdisability.Hebegantounderstandthattherearemanypeoplelikehim.Hecametoadapthimselftohisdisability.Herecentlystartedpractisingshootingbasketseverydayandhereallylovesit.JayceoftenchatswithTrashaunontheInternetaboutbasketballskillsaswellassomeschoolissues.Heisreallymotivatedbythisrolemodelandhasapositiveattitudetohisfuturelife.AsforTrashaun，heneverdreamedthathisvideoswouldhavesuchanimpact.HisrelationshipwithJaycemadehimlookforwardtohelpingmorekids.