福建省三明市五县联合质检2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析）

2022—2023学年第二学期五县联合质检考试高一英语试卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerslookingat?A.Akite.B.Abird.C.Amodelplane.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Lookatthesky.Doyouseethatwhitepaperkite?W:No,that’snotakite.That’sabigbird.Butpeoplesometimesflykitesormodelplaneshere.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheartistlivenowaccordingtotheman?A.InAmerica.B.InAustralia.C.InJapan.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:DoyoustillhavethatartistfriendwholivesinAmerica?M:No,helefttogotravellingaroundAustralia.IthinkheendeduplivinginJapan.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howwillthespeakerscrosstheriver?A.Byboat.B.Byswimming.C.Bycrossingthebridge.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Howarewegoingtocrosstheriver?Itlookstoostrongtoswim.M:Andwedon’thaveaboat.Thereisabridgeamilenorth.Weshouldheadthere.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemangrowinginhisgreenhousenow?A.Tomatoes.B.Lemons.C.Apples. 【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Whatareyougrowinginyourgreenhouse?M:Atthemoment,bigtomatoes.ButI’mgoingtobuyasmalllemontreeandiftheygrow,I’lltryapplesnext.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Policewomananddriver.C.Coachandracingdriver.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:CanIseeyourdriver’slicense?Youweredrivingfast,likearacingdriver.M:Iwasinahurry.Myteacherisexpectingme.W:Youhavetofollowthelaw.Nexttime,I’llhavetogiveyouaticket.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whowasthemanwithatthemall?A.Jane.B.Tracy.C.Josh.7.Howlongdidthewoman’shairappointmentlast?A.1.5hours.B.2hours.C.3hours.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】W:Isawyouatthemallyesterday.YouwerewithJane.IthoughtyouweregoingwithTracy.M:Whattimedidyouseeme?Iwasthere,butIwasn’twitheitherofthem.W:Ihadahairappointmentat2pm.Ittook90minutes,soIleftaround3:30.That’swhenIsawyou.M:Ah,no,thatwasmycousinJoshyousaw.Ibumpedintohimthere.Hehaslonghairsohelookslikeagirlfrombehind.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8Whatdoesthemanwanttobenow?A.Apoliceman.B.Ateacher.C.Arunner.9.Whydoesn’tthemanthinkhe’dbeagoodteacher?A.Heistooshy.B.Heisnotpatient.C.Heisnotintelligent.10.Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?A.Goforarun.B.Checktheman’sgrades.C.Filloutanapplicationform.【答案】8.A9.B10.B【解析】【原文】W:Doyouknowwhatyouwanttodolaterinlife?M:Ithoughtaboutbeingateacher,butnowI’dliketobeapoliceman.W:Whatmadeyouchangeyourmind?M:Ilikemyteachers.Theyareintelligent.ButIjustdon’tthinkI’dbeagoodone.I’mnotpatientenough.W:Whatmakesyousuitableforthepolice?M:I’manathlete.Icanrunafterpeopleandcatchthem.W:Well,firstweshouldseeifyouhavethegradestogetintothepolice.Ifyoudo,wecanfilloutanapplicationform.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatcolourchairdoesthewomanwant?A.Brown.B.Black.C.White.12.Whichcountrydoestheseatcovercomefrom?A.Germany.B.Italy.C.England.13.Whattimeisthedeliveryarrangedfor?A.9am.B.1pm.C.2pm.【答案】11A12.B13.C【解析】【原文】W:I’mlookingtobuyacomfortablechairformyfather.Hehasaverybadback.M:Well,wehaveanumberofchairs.TheseonesaremadeofthestrongesttreesoftheGermanforests.Thecoveris realItalian,verysoft.W:Yourchairshavetravelledmorethanme.I’veneverleftEngland.M:Itcomesinwhite,black,andbrown.W:Brown.It’sreplacinganexistingoneofthesamecolour.M:Andwhenwouldyoulikeitdelivered?W:Whatistheearliestyoucando?M:WecoulddoonFridayat2pm,orMondayat9am.W:Canyoudeliverattheweekend?M:I’mafraidnot.W:IthinkFridaywillbebetterforme.I’llfinishworkat1pmsoitshouldbeokay.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatistheman’spersonalbest?A.9.9seconds.B.9.7seconds.C.9.58seconds.15.Whicheventisthemanmostexcitedfor?A.EuropeanChampionship.B.All-AmericanGames.C.OlympicGames.16.Whoistheman?A.Anathlete.B.Adoctor.C.Acoach.17.Whatadvicedoesthemanoffer?A.Stayingtruetoyourself.B.Workinghardtobefamous.C.Tryingtoearnlotsofmoney.【答案】14.B15.C16.A17.A【解析】【原文】W:Youranthe100metersin9.9seconds.Thatisquiteanachievement.M:Itis,butmypersonalbestis9.7seconds.Theworldrecordis9.58seconds.Iwanttobeatit.W:Doyouworrythatyoumightinjureyourselfifyoupushtoohard?M:No,Ihavethebestcoach,wehaveamedicalteamwiththebestdoctors,andtheykeepaneyeonmyhealth.W:YouhavetheAll-AmericanGamesinMarch,theEuropeanChampionshipinMayandtheOlympicsinJapaninJuly.Whichoneareyoumostlookingforwardto?M:IthastobetheOlympics.Butasanathlete,Iwanttowinthemall. W:Anddoyouhaveanywordsofinspirationforyourmillionsoffans?M:Berealtoyourself.Don’tdothingsformoney,orforfame.Doitforyourself.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.WhodesignedBigBen?A.QueenElizabeth.B.BenjaminHall.C.AugustusPugin.19.Howmanystepsarethereinthetower?A.150.B.334.C.433.20.Whywasthetowerclosed?A.Tomakerepairs.BTomarkQueenElizabeth’sruling.C.TowelcometheOlympicGames.【答案】18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】BigBenisthenameofthelargebellinsidetheElizabethTowerinLondon,England.ThetowerwasoriginallycalledClockTowerbutthenamewaschangedin2012,namedafterQueenElizabethIItomark60yearsofherbeingtheruler.BigBenanditstowerareover150yearsold,anditisoneofthemostfamoussitesintheBritishcapitalcity.ItwasdesignedbyarchitectAugustusPuginandbuiltin1859.Itis96meterstall,andhas334stepsfromthegroundtothetop.ItisbelievedthebellisnamedafterengineerBenjaminHall,whowasinchargeoftheconstruction.In2012BigBencouldbeheard30timeswelcomingthe30thOlympicGamestoLondon.Thetowerwasclosedin2017inorderforanumberofrepairstobemade.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATrainInformationAllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbeinpossessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.Forticketinformation，pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall131230.WhileQueenslandRailmakeseveryefforttoensuretrainsrunasscheduled，therecanbenoguaranteeofconnectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainservicesandbusservices. Lostproperty(失物招领)CallLostPropertyon131617duringbusinesshoursforitemslostonQueenslandRailservices.ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pmandislocated(位于)atRomaStreetstation.PublicholidaysOnpublicholidays,generallyaSundaytimetableoperates.Oncertainmajoreventdays，i.e.AustraliaDay,AnzacDay,sportingandculturaldays,specialadditionalservicesmayoperate.ChristmasDayservicesoperatetoaChristmasDaytimetable，Beforetravelpleasevisittranslink.com.auorcallTransLinkon131230anytime.CustomersusingmobilitydevicesManystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothestationplatforms.Forassistance,pleaseQueenslandRailon131617.Guardiantrains(outbound)DepartOriginDestinationArrive6:42pmAltandiVarsityLakes7:37pm7:29pmCentralVarsityLakes8:52pm8:57pmFortitudeValleyVarsityLakes9:52pm11:02pmRomaStreetVarsityLakes12:22am21.Whatwouldyoudotogetticketinformation?A.Call131617.B.Visittranslink.com.au.C.Askatthelocalstation.D.Checkthetrainschedule.22.Atwhichstationcanyoufindthelostpropertyoffice?A.Altandi.B.RomaStreet.C.VarsityLakes.D.FortitudeValley.23.WhichtrainwouldyoutakeifyougofromCentraltoVarsityLakes? A.6:42pm.B.7:29pm.C.8:57pm.D.11:02pm.【答案】21.C22.B23.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些火车信息，包括失物招领、公共假期安排以及列车出发时间等信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中Forticketinformation,pleaseaskyourlocalstationorcall131230.可知查询车票信息，请向您当地的车站询问或拨打131230。由此可知，你可以询问当地车站或拨打131230来获得车票信息。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Lostproperty部分中ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pmandislocatedatRomaStreetstation.可知失物招领处周一至周五早上7:30到下午5:00营业，位于罗马街车站。由此可知，在RomaStreet你可以找到失物招领办公室。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据Guardiantrans部分中信息，可知从起始地Central出发，开往目的地VarsityLakes的火车是下午7:29开车。由此可知，如果你要从Central去往VarsityLakes，你应当乘坐下午7:29的火车。故选B。BIn2012,aniPhonefellintomyhands.Thissmarttechnologyseemedliketheentrancetoonlyfunandpositivethingslikechattingwithfriendsandblogging.However,manyyearslater,Ibecamelimitedtoit.RecentreportsshowthatI’mnotalone.Accordingtoastudy,anaverageAmericanspendsfivehoursadayonsmartdevices(装置)andabout2.5ofthesehoursarespentonmessaging,socialmediaandentertainmentapps. It’shardtoexplainwhentheloveandjoyIfeltformyiPhoneturnedintodependency.Ifellasleeptomyphoneeverynightandwoketoiteachmorning.IcheckedtheweatherappeverymorningbeforeIchosehowtodressfortheday.Iusedittohelpmefindmywaythroughacity.IcheckedmyemailboxeverytimeIpickedmyphoneup.Justlikewithanyaddiction,myphonedependencybegantoinfluencemylife.Whilespendingtimewithfamily,I’dstareatasmallscreenonmylapinsteadofbeinginvolvedincommunicatingwithmylovedones.Atwork,myproductivitylevelsdropped.Andthen,myfour-yearrelationshipcametoanend.Eventually,Iwasleftwithyearsofmemoriesandamobilephonethatcouldn’tprovideenjoyablecompanyacrossadinnertableandshareinthejoysofexperiencingaconcert. Now,Imovethroughlifewithmoregoalsandintention.I’vecutbackonmytimeandattentiontomyphone.Instead,Ifocusmyeffortsonbeingaspresentaspossible.Trulytrainingthemindtostaypresentisalongandchallengingroad,butit’simportanttostartsomewhere.Ihopeyou’lltakeadeeplookatyourownphonehabitsandreevaluate(再度评估)howimportantaroleyouarelettingitplayinyourlife.Whetherornotyou’vereachedaplaceinyourlifewhereyourscreentimeisproblematic,there’snoharmincarefullygivingyourcurrentpracticessomethought.24.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“I’mnotalone”inParagraph2?A.HetakeshisiPhoneforcompany.B.Hehasmanyfriendsaroundhim.C.There’remanyAmericanslikehim.D.Bloggingbringshimgreatpleasure.25.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Theauthorwasquiteconfusedaboutsomeapps.B.TheauthorbecamehopelesslyaddictedtohisiPhone.C.TheauthorwasafraidofspendingtimeonhisiPhone.D.Theauthorneverdressedhimselfaccordingtotheweather.26.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlyfocuson?A.Whytheauthor’sworkefficiencydropped.B.Whytheauthorfinallyhadphonedependency.C.Howtheauthorbravelycorrectedhismistakes.D.Howtheauthor’slifewasnegativelyaffected.27.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Persuadepeopletoliveano-phonelife.B.Advisepeopletousetheirphonesreasonably.C.Inspirepeopletoreconsidertheirrolesinlife.D.Encouragepeopletosparetheirtimeforwork.【答案】24.C25.B26.D27.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者是如何对智能手机上瘾，智能手机如何影响了自己的生活，以及作者现在戒掉手机瘾过上了正常的生活的经历。告诫读者重新审视一下自己使用手机的习惯，重新评估一下它在生活中扮演的角色。 【24题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Accordingtoastudy,theaverageAmericanspendsfivehoursadayonsmartdevices(装置)andabout2.5ofthosehoursarespentonsocial,messaging,mediaandentertainmentapps.”可知，根据一项研究，美国人平均每天花5个小时在智能设备上，其中大约2.5个小时花在社交、信息、媒体和娱乐应用上。由此判断出作者在第二段通过下划线说“我不是一个人”的意思是有很多像他一样的美国人。故选C项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“It’shardtoexplainwhentheloveandjoyIfeltformyiPhoneturnedintoadependency...”可知，作者对手机产生了依赖，在后面句子中详细地从睡眠、天气、导行、更新信息这几个方面说明作者无助地深陷智能手机之中。所以从第3段可知，作者对他的手机上瘾了。故选B项。【26题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Whilespendingtimewithfamily,I’dstareintoasmallscreenonmylapinsteadofbeinginvolvedincommunicatingwithmylovedones.Atwork,myproductivitylevelsdropped.Andthen,myfour-yearrelationshipcametoanend.”可知，和家人在一起的时候，我会盯着手机屏幕看，却不和我爱的人交流。在工作中，我的工作效率性在下降。然后，四年的恋爱关系宣告结束。所以第4段主要关注作者的生活受到了怎样的负面影响。故选D项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ihopeyou’lltakeadeeplookatyourownphonehabitsandreevaluatehowimportantaroleyouarelettingitplayinyourlife.”可知，我希望你重新审视一下自己使用手机的习惯，重新评估一下它在你生活中扮演的角色。由此判断出，作者在最后一段建议人们合理使用手机。故选B项。CMusichasbeenaroundsincethefirstmanwalkedontheEarth.Everybeatorsoundourancestorsheardwasinsomewayakindofmusic.Datingbacktotheearlyage,musicwouldhavebeensomethingassimpleasthesoundoftheseawave,orawildanimalrunningacrosstheplain.Today’smusicissovariedthatalmosteverychildorteenagerhasalonglistoffavoritesongsthattheyliketolistentoontheirsmartphoneorotherdevices.Butevenwithsuchalargevarietyofmusicformstoday,I’msurethetraditionalistswouldn’tagreewithwhattoday’syoungstersrefertoasgoodmusic.Nowadays,youngpeoplearelookingtodiscoverthelatest“inmusic”.Thisisthesortofmusicthatisabletomakeeveryonefeelgreatatthemomentbutsoonforgottenoncesomethingbettercomesalong.Forme,I’mtrulyinlovewithrockmusic.Rockisahugelymisunderstoodtype,withmanypeoplesimplyconnectingitwithnegativesocialproblemssuchasdrugsandoverdrinking,giventhatsomeoftheworld’smost famousrockstarshavebeeninthepressfortheirfrighteningbehaviorsundertheinfluenceofbeersorwines.However,itisimportanttotellthedifferencebetweenartistsandtheirmusic,andnotmakeunnecessaryjudgmentsaboutthemusicjustbecauseofthebehaviorofthemusician.Anotherwidelymisunderstoodbeliefisthatrockmusicisonlyaboutdrumsandguitars,whenthatisjustitsoutwardface.Awidevarietyofotherinstrumentsareimportanttorock,andmakeanimportantcontributiontothesoundofthemusicasawhole,otherthanjustguitarsanddrums.28.Whydoestheauthormentionthenaturesoundinparagraph1?A.Toshowthesimplicityofearlymusic.B.Topresentthevarietyofearlymusic.C.Toindicatethehistoryofmusic.D.Topromotepeople’sloveofnature.29.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Musicchangesovertime.B.Musiccomesinvariousforms.C.“Inmusic”challengesthetraditionalists.D.Opinionsaredividedonmusicpreference.30.Whyisrockmusicoftenmisunderstood?A.Mediaonlyreportsmusiciansnegatively.B.Somerockstarsbehaveimproperly.C.Rockexpressesdrugsandoverdrinking.D.Musicinstrumentsofrockaretraditional.31.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressingeneral?A.Everyteenagerhastheirownfavoritesongs.B.Traditionalmusiccaneasilybeforgotten.C.Musicshouldbejudgedfairly.D.Drumsandguitarsstandforrockmusic.【答案】28.A29.D30.B31.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文，指出当代年轻人与传统主义者所喜欢的音乐不同，以及摇滚乐被误解的两大方面并对此加以澄清。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的第三句“Datingbacktotheearlyage,musicwouldhavebeensomethingassimpleasthesoundoftheseawave,orawildanimalrunningacrosstheplain.”(早期音乐十分简单，如海浪声或是野生动物在平原上奔跑的声音。)可知，提到自然声音用于举例说明早期音乐的简单质朴。故选A项。【29题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Butevenwithsuchalargevarietyofmusicformstoday,I’msurethetraditionalistswouldn’tagreewithwhattoday’syoungstersrefertoasgoodmusic.Nowadays,youngpeoplearelookingtodiscoverthelatest“inmusic”.Thisisthesortofmusicthatisabletomakeeveryonefeelgreatatthemomentbutsoonforgottenoncesomethingbettercomesalong.”( 但即使今天有如此多样的音乐形式，我相信传统主义者也不会认可当下年轻人所说的好音乐。如今，年轻人追求最新的“流行音乐”。这种音乐能够让每个人此刻都感觉很棒，但一旦有更好的东西出现，很快就会被忘记。)可知，该段主要讲的是当下年轻人与传统主义者音乐喜好偏向的不同，许多年轻人更喜欢流行音乐，而传统主义者不认可这些年轻人所认为的好音乐。故选D项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“Rockisahugelymisunderstoodtype,withmanypeoplesimplyconnectingitwithnegativesocialproblemssuchasdrugsandoverdrinking,giventhatsomeoftheworld’smostfamousrockstarshavebeeninthepressfortheirfrighteningbehaviorsundertheinfluenceofbeersorwines.”(摇滚是最受人误解的音乐，许多人只是单纯把摇滚与诸如吸毒和酗酒等负面社会问题联系在一起，这是因为世界上一些最著名的摇滚明星曾在啤酒或葡萄酒影响下做出了可怕的行为，被媒体报道。)可知，摇滚乐常常遭人误解是由某些摇滚明星的不当行为导致的。故选B项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍早期音乐的形式；第二段谈论当下年轻人与传统主义者的不同音乐偏向；最后两段谈论人们对摇滚乐的两大误解，并表明自己的观点：“However,itisimportanttotellthedifferencebetweenartistsandtheirmusic,andnotmakeunnecessaryjudgmentsaboutthemusicjustbecauseofthebehaviorofthemusician.”(然而，重要的是要区分艺术家和他们的音乐之间的差异，不要仅仅因为音乐家的行为就对音乐做出不必要的判断。)即不要对音乐做出不必要的判断，这段话出自第三段的最后一句。所以，本文作者主要想表达的是要公正评判音乐。故选C项。DCitiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.Over300yearsitspopulationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million.Butnotallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime.Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.In1896,Dawson,Canada,wasunmappedwilderness(荒野).Butgoldwasdiscoveredtherein1897,andtwoyearslater,itwasoneofthelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationof30,000.DawsondidnothaveanyofthenaturalconveniencesofcitieslikeLondonorParis.Peoplewentthereforgold.Theytravelledoversnow-coveredmountainsandsailedhundredsofmilesupicyrivers.ThepathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfallwithoutwarming.Anavalanche(雪崩)onceclosedthepath,killing63people.FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip.Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives. Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasnevercomfortable.Necessitieslikefoodandwoodwereveryexpensive.Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfound.Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.Today,peoplestillcomeandgo—toseewheretheCanadiangoldrushhappened.TourismisnowthechiefindustryofDawsonCity—itspresentpopulationis762.32.WhatattractedtheearlysettlerstoNewYorkCity?A.Itsbusinessculture.B.Itssmallpopulation.C.Itsgeographicalposition.D.Itsfavourableclimate.33.WhatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgoldinDawson?A.Two-thirdsofthemstayedthere.B.Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrich.C.Almosteveryonegaveup.D.Halfofthemdied.34.WhatwasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDawson?A.Theyfoundthecitytoocrowded.B.Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.C.Theywereunabletostandthewinter.D.Theywereshortoffood.35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theriseandfallofacity.B.ThegoldrushinCanada.C.Journeysintothewilderness.D.TourisminDawson.【答案】32.C33.B34.B35.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Dawson这座城市的发展原因、过程与现状。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中Citiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade. NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.可知，人们选择在河边或港口设城是因为交通方便，便于做生意。而纽约就是在哈德森河口附近的一个大港口，故纽约吸引早期移民的原因是它的地理位置，故C正确。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.可知，在最初挖黄金的两万人中有4000人变富有，所以是五分之一的人变富了，故B正确。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.可知，人们离开Dawson的主要原因是听说在Alaska发现了黄金，也就是他们要去别的地方寻找发财的机会。故B正确。【35题详解】主旨大意题。第一段简要介绍城市发展的原因，引出Dawson这一城市的兴起，第二段介绍了该城市兴起的原因，第三段介绍人们选择离开该城市的原因及现在的状况，所以全文围绕Dawson这个城市的发展起伏。故A正确。【点睛】主旨大意题的解题技巧：一篇文章都是围绕着一个中心思想或一个话题展开的，因此，有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕Dawson的发展展开，Dawson反复出现，再根据每一段的段首句可以总结出，文章第一段通过城市发展的原因引出Dawson，第二段介绍Dawson发展的原因，第三段介绍人们选择离开该城市的原因及现在的状况，从而总结出文章的主旨大意。第二节（共5小题，每题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howtomendabrokenfriendship?Itmaybehard,butfixingabrokenfriendshipwillmakeitevenstrongerthanbefore.Herearesometipsthatwillbeuseful.Betheonetoreachoutbeforetheother.____36____Letitbeyouthistime.Itwillshowthemthatyouwanttobefriendsagain,andyou’reseriousaboutresolvingthings.Thinkabouthowyoucanreachthem.Dependingonthepersonandtheseverityofyourargument,youmayneedtotryafewdifferentwaystogetintouch.____37____Ifyourfriendrefusestoseeorspeakwithyou,orvisitingtheminpersonisn’tanoption,youmaywanttojust backoffforawhile.Yourfriendwantsspaceandthatshouldberespected.Usethetimetoreflectonthesituationandpreparewhatyouwanttosay.Don’tpushyourfriendifit’scleartheywantspace.Itwillonlyupsetthemandmakethemfrustratedwithyou.Talkabouttheproblemhonestlyandopenly.Explainwhatyoufeelistheproblemandbehonestaboutit.Thenaskthemtodothesame.Letthemtalkforaslongastheyneedto.Reallylistenanddon’tinterruptthem.____38____Apologizetothemandaccepttheirapology.Evenifyoudidn’tdoanythingandyoubelievethesituationistheirfault,openingwithanapologysetsthetone.Youcouldsay“I’mreallysorrythingshavegottentothispoint.Iwantthingstobebetterbetweenus.”Ifyoudidwrongtheminsomeway,apologizetothemsincerely.____39____Avoidrestartinganargument.It’simportantthatyoudon’tsayordoanythinghurtfulduringthisconversation.____40____sodoyourbesttokeepthingspeaceful.Ifthingsgetheated,don’tallowthemtoescalate.A.Letgoofyourangerorfrustration.B.Respectyourfriend’sneedforspace.C.Iftheyapologizetoyou,accepttheirapology.D.Comeupwithaplanforrebuildingthefriendship.E.Argumentwillonlyfurtherdamagethefriendshipandmakethingsworse.F.Ifyouaren’ttalkingtoeachother,someonewillhavetomakethefirstmove.G.Thiswayyoubothgettotellyoursideofthestoryandgeteverythingoutonthetable.【答案】36.F37.B38.G39.C40.E【解析】导语】【36题详解】根据小标题“Betheonetoreachoutbeforetheother.（成为先于另一个伸出友谊至之手的人。）”和下文“Letitbeyouthistime.（这次就交给你吧。）”可知，这一段的建议是做一个先去和对方接触，交朋友的人，横线处要和这个建议相关，F选项“Ifyouaren’ttalkingtoeachother,someonewillhavetomakethefirstmove.（如果您不互相交谈，则必须有人迈出第一步。）”和后文letitbeyou相承接，符合语境。故选F。【37题详解】横线处为这一段的小标题，由第三段“Ifyourfriendrefusestoseeorspeakwithyou,orvisitingtheminperson isn’tanoption,youmaywanttojustbackoffforawhile.Yourfriendwantsspaceandthatshouldberespected.Usethetimetoreflectonthesituationandpreparewhatyouwanttosay.Don’tpushyourfriendifit’scleartheywantspace.Itwillonlyupsetthemandmakethemfrustratedwithyou.（如果你的朋友拒绝见你或和你说话，或者亲自拜访他们不是一种选择，你可能想退后一段时间。你的朋友想要空间，这应该得到尊重。利用时间反思情况并准备你想说的话。如果很明显他们想要空间，不要强迫你的朋友。这只会让他们心烦意乱，让他们对你感到沮丧。）”可知，在朋友不想交流时，要给对方想要的空间，所以这一条建议应该与尊重对方，给对方相应的空间有关，B选项符合语境。故选B。【38题详解】由小标题“Talkabouttheproblemhonestlyandopenly.（开诚布公地谈论问题。）”和上文“Letthemtalkforaslongastheyneedto.Reallylistenanddon’tinterruptthem（让他们聊多久就聊多久。真正倾听，不要打断他们。）”可知，横线处要与这条建议相关同时能够承接上文，G选项的thisway对应上文的认真聆听，不打断谈话相匹配。故选G。【39题详解】由小标题“Apologizetothemandaccepttheirapology.（向他们道歉并接受他们的道歉。）”和上文“Ifyoudidwrongtheminsomeway,apologizetothemsincerely.（如果您在某些方面做错了，请真诚地向他们道歉。）”可知，横线处的句子要与接受别人的道歉相关。C选项符合语境。故选C。【40题详解】根据小标题“Avoidrestartinganargument.（避免重新引发争论。）”和上文“It’simportantthatyoudon’tsayordoanythinghurtfulduringthisconversation.（在这次谈话中不要说或做任何伤害性的事情，这一点很重要）”以及下文“sodoyourbesttokeepthingspeaceful.（所以尽你所能保持和平。）”可知，横线处的句子要承上启下且和避免争吵的主题相关，E选项符合语境。故选E。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AstheforeignEnglishteacheratmyschoolinJapan,IhadaweeklyEnglishmusicbroadcastofdifferentEnglishsongs.Itriedtogetthestudentsto____41____songstomeforthebroadcast.Atthebroadcast,Iusuallyannouncedwhorecommendedthesongandthen____42____itforeveryonetohearduringlunchtime.Igaveeveryoneanopportunitytosharethemselvesthroughtheirmusic,includingone____43____studentofmine.Thisstudentconstantlygotintofightswiththeotherstudentsand____44____theenergyoftheclass.ButIknewthathejustneededa____45____,oratleastsomeonehecouldconnectwith.Icould____46____hewaswarminguptomeoverthelastyear.Itoldhimtothinkofasonghelikedandthat Iwouldplayitonthebroadcastforhim.He____47____introducedasong,whichIreallylikedsoIputitonthebroadcastandmadesuretoannouncehis____48____,soeveryoneknewthathecontributedsuchagreatsong.Needlesstosay,theboywas____49____,andhe’sbeenmuchhappierandmorefocusedinEnglishclasseversince.Whileeveryoneelse______50______himandpushedhimaway,Isawrightthroughhisbehaviourandknewthathejustneededsomeonewhoacknowledgedhimandgavehimachance.There’sstillalanguage______51______betweenus,butwordsaren’tneeded,wecanalwayssensewhenwe’reatonewithsomeone.Herecentlywalkedbymeandgavemethemostsincere______52______thatI’veeverseen.My______53______turnedtomeandsaid“I’veneverseenhimsmilelikethatbefore.Howdidyou______54______it?”“Igavehima______55______,”Isaid,“throughjustonesong.”41.A.singB.recommendC.recordD.create42.A.playedB.performedC.introducedD.practiced43.A.cleverB.toughC.honestD.active44.A.cutdownB.brokedownC.turneddownD.broughtdown45.A.parentB.classmateC.friendD.teacher46.A.tellB.admitC.rememberD.predict47.A.obviouslyB.absolutelyC.regularlyD.eventually48.A.classB.nameC.familyD.hobby49.A.scaredB.powerfulC.thrilledD.disappointed50.A.acceptedB.inspiredC.attackedD.misunderstood51.A.barrierB.trainingC.courseD.connection52.A.thanksB.behaviorC.confidenceD.smile53.A.teacherB.relativeC.roommateD.coworker54.A.getB.makeC.observeD.recover55.A.choiceB.commentC.comfortD.chance【答案】41.B42.A43.B44.D45.C46.A47.D48.B49.C50.D51.A52.D53.D54.B55.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在日本学校当外籍英语老师期间，对学生一视同仁，最终作者的做法改变了一个学习不专心且爱惹麻烦的学生。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试着让学生们为我的广播推荐歌曲。A.sing唱歌；B.recommend推荐；C. record记录；D.create创造。根据下文“Atthebroadcast,Iusuallyannouncewhorecommendedthesong”中提到recommended可知，此处为作者试着让学生们为广播推荐歌曲。故选B项。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在广播中，我通常会宣布谁推荐了这首歌，然后在午餐时间播放给大家听。A.played播放；B.performed执行；C.introduced介绍；D.practiced练习。根据上文“Atthebroadcast,Iusuallyannouncedwhorecommendedthesong”可知，在午餐时间播放歌曲让学生们听。故选A项。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我让每个人都有机会通过音乐来分享自己，包括我的一个棘手的学生。A.clever聪明的；B.tough棘手的，困难的；C.honest诚实的；D.active积极的。根据下文“Thisstudentconstantlygotintofightswiththeotherstudents”可推知，这个学生是一个棘手的学生。故选B项。44题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个学生经常和其他同学打架，降低了课堂的活力。A.cutdown削减；B.brokedown分解；C.turneddown拒绝；D.broughtdown降低。根据该句中的“Thisstudentconstantlygotintofightswiththeotherstudents”可推知，这个学生经常和其他同学打架，降低了课堂的活力。故选D项。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我知道他只是需要一个朋友，或者至少是一个能让他联系上的人。A.parent父母；B.classmate同学；C.friend朋友；D.teacher教师。根据“atleastsomeonehecanconnectwith.”可知，作者认为他只是需要一个朋友，或者至少是一个能让他联系上的人。故选C项。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看得出来，过去的一年他对我越来越有好感了。A.tell告诉、知道；B.admit承认；C.remember记住；D.predict预测。根据后文“Needlesstosay,theboywasvery　　9,andhe’sbeenmuchhappierandmorefocusedinEnglishclasseversince.”可知，因为作者让他推荐了歌曲，他变得快乐和专注，所以作者看得出来，他对作者越来越有好感了。故选A项。【47题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他最终推荐了一首歌，我真的很喜欢这首歌，所以我加入了广播，并确保宣布了他的名字，这样每个人都知道他贡献了这么一首很棒的歌。A.obviously显而易见地；B.absolutely绝对地；C.regularly定期地；D.eventually最终。根据下文“IreallylikedsoIputitonthebroadcast”可推知，此处为这个学生最终推荐了一首歌。故选D项。【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最终推荐了一首歌，我真的很喜欢这首歌，所以我加入了广播，并确保宣布了他的名字，这样每个人都知道他贡献了这么一首很棒的歌。A.class班级；B.name名字；C.family家庭；D.hobby爱好。根据下文“soeveryoneknewthathecontributedsuchagreatsong.”可推知，作者真的很喜欢这首歌，所以加入了广播，并确保宣布了他的名字，每个人都知道他贡献了这么一首很棒的歌。故选B项。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不用说，这个男孩非常兴奋，从那以后，他在英语课上变得更加快乐和专注。A.scared害怕的；B.powerful强有力的；C.thrilled非常兴奋的；D.disappointed失望的。根据该句中的“andhe’sbeenmuchhappier”可知，这个男孩非常兴奋，从那以后，在英语课上变得更加快乐和专注。故选C项。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然其他人都误解了他，把他推开，但我看穿了他的行为，知道他只是需要一个认可他、给他机会的人。A.accepted接受的；B.inspired鼓舞；C.attacked攻击；D.misunderstood误解。根据下文“pushedhimaway”可知，别人都远离他，所以是误解了他。故选D项。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们之间仍然有语言障碍，但言语是不需要的，你总能感觉到你和某人在一起。A.barrier障碍；B.training训练；C.course课程；D.connection联系。根据下文“butwordsaren’tneeded,wecanalwayssensewhenwe’reatonewithsomeone.”可知，我们之间有语言障碍。故选A项。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最近从我身边走过，给了我一个我所见过的最真诚的微笑。A.thanks感谢；B.behavior行为；C.confidence信心；D.smile微笑。根据下文“I’veneverseenhimsmilelikethatbefore”可知，他最近从作者身边走过，给了作者一个作者从未见过的微笑。故选D项。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的同事转向我说：“我以前从未见过他这样笑。你是如何做到的？”。A.teacher教师；B.relative亲戚；C.roommate室友；D.coworker同事。根据下文“I’veneverseenhimsmilelikethatbefore.”可知，说话人和作者在一起，应是同事。故选D项。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同事转向我说：“我以前从未见过他这样笑。你是如何做到的？”A.get得到；B.make成为；C.observe观察；D.recover恢复。根据下文“Isaid,“throughjustonesong.””可知，同事问作者如何成功做到让这个孩子有这种微笑的。makeit成功做到，故选B项。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我给了他一个机会。”我说“通过一首歌”。A.choice选择；B.comment 评论；C.comfort安慰；D.chance机会。根据上文的“Igaveeveryoneanopportunitytosharethemselvesthroughtheirmusic”以及上文讲述的内容可知，作者给了这个学生一个机会，通过一首歌曲，让这个孩子改变了。故选D项。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DuringtheoutbreakoftheCOVID-19pandemic,holidaymakerstendtochooseshorttripsandhomestaysinBeijing’ssuburbshaveseenincreasingreservations.“ThenumberofguestswillbedoubledinthecomingQingmingFestival,”anownerofahomestay___56___thecapital’sYanqingareatoldBeijingBusinessToday.Withflowersinfullbloominthespringtimeandtemperaturesrising,peopleareeagertoenjoyoutdooractivities.AccordingtotravelserviceandsocialnetworkingplatformMafengwo,keywordssuchas“flower___57___(appreciate)”,“camping”and“cycling”arekeysearchitems.Salesofticketstosomepublicparksandholidayresortsaccountedfornearly80percentofthetotaltourist____58____(attraction),datafromQunarshowed.Theincreaseinlocaltours____59____(present)opportunitiesforthehomestayindustry,___60___cantackletheindustry’spoorperformanceduetotheeffectsofthepandemic.Thereportontourismoperationsof2021anddevelopmentforecastof2022____61____(conduct)byChinaTourismAcademypointedoutthat,for2022,thepandemicwillremainthebiggestuncertainfactor____62____(affect)tourismsector’srecovery.Owingtothevirus,localtoursarethemainmeansoftravelingatpresent,saidWangXingbin,___63___expertoftourism.Wangsaid____64____requiresmoreobservation(观察)forhowthetourismindustryentersrecovery.“Affectedbythepandemic,thetourismindustrybecomesfragileandrequiressupport,”Wangsaid.Headdedthatthetourismindustryisexpectedtosufferfroma____65____(relative)longperiodofdifficultiesunderthepandemic.【答案】56.in57.appreciating##appreciation58.attractions59.presents60.which61.conducted62.affecting63.an64.it65.relatively【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在新冠肺炎疫情爆发期间，度假者倾向于选择短途旅行。【56题详解】 考查介词。句意：“即将到来的清明节，客人的数量将翻倍，”首都延庆地区一家民宿的老板告诉《北京商报》。名词area前用介词in。故填in。【57题详解】考查名词或动名词。句意：根据旅游服务和社交网络平台蚂蜂窝的数据，“赏花”、“露营”和“骑行”等关键词都是热门搜索项。介词as后接名词或动名词形式。故填appreciating/appreciation。【58题详解】考查名词的数。句意：去哪儿网的数据显示，一些公园和度假胜地的门票销售额占到旅游景点总数的近80%。名词attraction为可数名词，根据nearly80percent可知，用名词的复数形式。故填attractions。【59题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当地旅游的增加为民宿行业提供了机会，可以解决因新冠肺炎疫情而导致的业绩不佳问题。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语是Theincrease，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填presents。【60题详解】考查定语从句。句意：当地旅游的增加为民宿行业提供了机会，可以解决因新冠肺炎疫情而导致的业绩不佳问题。先行词指代前面的句子，作主语。用关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句。故填which。【61题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国旅游研究院发布的《2021年旅游运营报告及2022年发展预测》指出，到2022年，疫情仍将是影响旅游业复苏的最大不确定因素。分析句子结构可知，这里为非谓语动词作定语。名词report与conduct之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填conducted。【62题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国旅游研究院发布的《2021年旅游运营报告及2022年发展预测》指出，到2022年，疫情仍将是影响旅游业复苏的最大不确定因素。分析句子结构可知，这里为非谓语动词作定语。名词factor与affect之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填affecting。【63题详解】考查冠词。句意：旅游专家王兴斌表示，受新冠肺炎疫情影响，本地游是目前旅游的主要方式。名词expert为可数名词，泛指，且发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。【64题详解】考查代词。句意：王说，旅游业如何进入复苏需要更多的观察。代指从句howthetourismindustryentersrecovery，用代词it。故填it。【65题详解】考查副词。句意：他补充说，在疫情下，旅游业预计将遭受较长时间的困难。形容词long 前用副词形式。故填relatively。第四部分写作（共三节，满分40分）第一节词汇（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）根据句子意思，在空白处填入适当的词语或括号内单词的正确形式。66.Lawyershelpothersand____________(respect)byothers.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】arerespected【解析】【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：律师帮助别人，受到别人的尊重。根据help可知，本句的时态为一般现在时，再分析句意，respect和主语lawyers之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，所以be动词用are。故填arerespected。67.Thecountryputupastrong____________(defend)againsttheenemy’sinvasion.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】defence##defense【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：这个国家对敌人的入侵进行了强有力的防御。分析句子成分可知，空格处应该为名词作宾语。defend的名词为defense或defence，由a可知，应用单数。故填defense/defence。68.SouthAfricawasgoingaperiodofirreversible(不可逆转的)change.(用适当的词填空)【答案】through【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：南非正在经历一场不可逆转的变革。根据句意可知空处表示“经历”，gothrough表示“经历，经受”，故填through。69.________(absorb)inpainting,Johndidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】Absorbed【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：专注于画画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。beabsorbedin“专注于”是固定表达，此处省略be用形容词短语作状语。故填Absorbed。70.Therearemanyshopsinthe__________(commerce)heartofthecity.（用单词适当形式填空）【答案】commercial【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：在城市的商业中心有很多商店。分析句中可知，名词heart前需用形容词修饰，commerce是名词，需转换为形容词commercial，在句中作定语，修饰名词heart。故填commercial。 71.Shesighedin____________(relieve)whensheheardthegoodnews.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】relief【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：听到这个好消息，她如释重负地叹了口气。介词in后面用名词relief作宾语，inrelief的意思是“如释重负”。故填in。72.Theartistpaintedon____________spiteofhisfamily’sopposition.(用适当的词填空)【答案】in【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：这位艺术家不顾家人的反对继续作画。分析句意再根据spite可知，此处用介词in构成固定搭配inspiteof表示“尽管、不顾”符合语境。故填in。73.Theauthormentionsthe____________(function)ofscienceatthebeginningofthepassage.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】functions【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：作者在文章的开头提到了科学的功能。此处作宾语，应用名词function，可数名词，由句意及常识可知，功能不止一个，应用复数形式，表泛指。故填functions。74.Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich____________(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】gradually【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：小块的食物可以用小树枝吃，小树枝逐渐变成了筷子。根据句子分析可知，此处应用副词“gradually逐渐地，渐渐地”作状语，修饰动词turnedinto，故填gradually。75.DuringtheMid-AutumnFestivalinChina,familiesgathertoadmirethe________(shine)moonandenjoydeliciousmooncakes.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】shining【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国的中秋节，家家户户聚在一起观赏明月，品尝美味的月饼。结合句意分析句子可知，动词shine在句中作定语修饰名词moon，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语moon之间是主动关系，应用其现在分词形式shining作定语，意为“发光的，明亮的”。故填shining。第二节英汉互译（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）76.ShewassoinspiredbythepeopleshemetonlinethatshedecidedtostartanITclubtoteacholderpeoplehow tousecomputerandtheInternet.(英译汉)【答案】她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人们学习使用电脑和互联网。【解析】【详解】考查不定式、定语从句和结果状语从句。分析句子可知，此处为“so...that...如此……以至于……”句型，主句是：Shewassoinspiredbythepeopleshemetonline，译为：受到网友的启发，shemetonline“她在网上遇到的”为省略关系代词that/who/whom的定语从句，修饰先行词thepeople；结果状语从句为：shedecidedtostartanITclubtoteacholderpeoplehowtousecomputerandtheInternet，译为：她决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人们学习使用电脑和互联网，其中toteacholderpeoplehowtousecomputerandtheInternet为不定式作目的状语，howtousecomputerandtheInternet为“特殊疑问词+不定式”作宾语，故整句翻译为：她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人们学习使用电脑和互联网。77.Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen,youwillbesurprisedtofindthatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.（英译汉）【答案】用心去观察，它的过去与现在都将展示在你的面前，令你叹为观止。【解析】【详解】考查句子结构，时态和从句。分析句子可知，本句含有if引导的条件状语从句，从句是主谓宾补结构，主语是you“你”，keep是谓语动词，youreyes“你的眼睛”是宾语，形容词open“睁开”，为宾语补足语。keepone’seyesopen为“注意，用心去观察”之意。主句含有宾语从句。主语是you“你”，besurprisedto对……感到吃惊，willbesurprisedtofind是谓语动词，that从句是宾语从句。宾语从句中为主谓宾结构。主语是you“你”，cansee“能够看到”是谓语动词，bothitspastanditspresen“它的过去与现在”是宾语。故本句可译为：用心去观察，它的过去与现在都将展示在你的面前，令你叹为观止。78.Movedbythismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime.”(英译汉)【答案】他被这段音乐打动了，他说：“那种（兴奋的）感觉就如同第一次看见色彩一样。”【解析】【详解】考查句子结构。根据句子分析可知，Movedbythismusic“被这段音乐所打动”为过去分词作状语，主句为hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime.”，he“他”作主语，said“说”为谓语动词，Itwaslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime“那感觉就如同第一次看见色彩一样”为直接引语；直接引语中waslike“感觉像”作谓语动词，seeingcolor“看见色彩”作动名词作宾语，forthefirsttime“第一次”作状语。故翻译为：他被这段音乐打动了，他说：“那种（兴奋的）感觉就如同第一次看见色彩一样。”79.事实证明，虚拟合唱团对许多人的生活产生了积极的影响。（provetobe）(汉译英)【答案】Ithasprovedtobeapositiveinfluenceonthelivesofmanypeople. 【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时、主谓一致、形容词、名词、介词。用provetobe表示“结果是”，此处表示已经发生的事情，所以用现在完成时，用it指代虚拟合唱团，主语为单数，所以谓语动词为第三人称单数，所以为hasprovedtobe；“积极的”用形容词positive表示，“影响”为influence，此处特指“积极的影响”，为具体的一种影响；所以翻译为apositiveinfluence；生活为life为可数名词，此处为许多人的生活，因此需要用复数，“对……有影响”用介词on；用介of表示“……的”，“许多人”为manypeople。故翻译为Ithasprovedtobeapositiveinfluenceonthelivesofmanypeople.80.人们举行庆祝活动，对这一年收获的食物表达感恩。（grateful）(汉译英)【答案】Peoplecelebratetoshowthattheyaregratefulfortheyear’ssupplyoffood.【解析】【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词、宾语从句。分析句子结构，“对这一年收获的食物表达感恩”在句子中做目的状语，使用动词不定式，“对这一年收获的食物感恩”在动词“表达”后面作宾语从句，因连接词在从句中不做成分，使用that连接宾语从句；表示“举行庆祝活动”含义的动词为celebrate；表示“对……表达”含义的词为show；表示“对……感恩”含义的动词短语为begratefulfor；表示“一年收获的食物”含义的表达为theyear’ssupplyoffood，因句子表达的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，故翻译为：Peoplecelebratetoshowthattheyaregratefulfortheyear’ssupplyoffood.第三节书面表达（满分15分）81.假定你是李华。为配合我县正在实施的垃圾分类工作，你所在的学校将举办有关“Garbagesorting”的英语演讲比赛。请写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：(1)垃圾问题的现状；(2)垃圾分类的好处（至少2点）；(3)呼吁全体同学积极参加垃圾分类。注意：(1)词数：100左右；(2)开头和结尾已为你写好，不记入总词数；参考词汇：垃圾分类rubbishclassification可回收物recyclablewaste___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Goodafternoon,everyone! It’sagreathonortobehereandsharesomethingwithyou.Rubbishisbeingproducedeverysingleday,whichhasbecomeabigheadacheineverycity.Tosolvethisproblem,thegarbageclassificationactivityhasbeenlaunchedinourcitysincelastmonth.Theadvantagesofgarbageclassificationareasfollows.Tobeginwith,garbageclassificationcanreducetheamountofwaste.Accordingly,thecostofdealingwithwastewillbebroughtdowngreatly.What’smore,someofthewasteisofvalue.Toreuseandrecyclethiskindofwasteistosaveresourcestoalargeextent,whichalsocontributestoenvironmentalprotection.Garbageclassificationisameaningfulandrewardingthing.Ifeveryonecandoit,smallthingscanmakeabigdifference.Let’sworktogetherforabetterandcleanercity!Thanksforyourattention!【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生为有关“Garbagesorting”的英语演讲比赛写一篇演讲稿。【详解】1.词汇积累减少：reduce→decrease数量：amount→quantity此外：what’smore→besides3处理：dealwith=handle2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Tosolvethisproblem,thegarbageclassificationactivityhasbeenlaunchedinourcitysincelastmonth.Theadvantagesofgarbageclassificationareasfollows.拓展句：Tosolvethisproblem,thegarbageclassificationactivityhasbeenlaunchedinourcitysincelastmonth,theadvantagesofwhichareasfollows.【点睛】【高分句型1】Rubbishisbeingproducedeverysingleday,whichhasbecomeabigheadacheineverycity.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Ifeveryonecandoit,itissmallthingsthatcanmakeabigdifference.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句和强调句句式）