福建省三明市2022-2023学年高一英语下学期4月期中试题（Word版附解析）

2022—2023学年第二学期高中期中考试高一英语(试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟)第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwant?A.Cups.B.Notebooks.C.Carpetcleaners.2.Howdoesthemanfindtheproblem?A.Quitedifficult.B.Veryinteresting.C.Toosimple.3.WhatdoesPaulwanttodo?A.Savemoney.B.Studyabroad.C.Changehisjob.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Tonyalwaysworriesalot.B.Tonylikesridingbikes.C.Tonyisexpertatrepairingbikes.5.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing?A.Findingavolunteer.B.Clearinguptogether.C.Helpingpreparetheparty.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.WhydoesthewomancometoseeRick?A.Tosaygoodbye.B.Togetsomeadvice.C.Toinvitehimtoherhome.,7.Whichcountrywouldthewomanliketovisit?A.Canada.B.France.C.Germany.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.WhomwillthemanmeetonSaturday?AHebe.B.Daniel.C.Hiscousin.9.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Attendherbirthdayparty.B.Seeheroffattheairport.C.InviteDanieltodinner.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.Whatarethespeakerspreparingfor?A.Afestival.B.Acampingtrip.C.Abirthdayparty.11.Whatcanthemancook?A.Fruitsalad.B.Friedeggs.C.Chickenwings.12.Whatfruitdoesthewomanwanttobuy?A.Apples.B.Bananas.C.Peaches.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inahospital.B.Inagym.C.Inapark.14.Whathappenedtothewomanyesterday?AShefelloffthebed.B.Shehadtroubleinbreathing.C.Shealmostdiedofheartdisease.15.Whatwasthewoman’sdecision?A.Changingherlifestyle.B.Drinkinglesscoffee.C.Seeingthedoctorregularly.16.Whatannoysthewomanmost?A.Havingscarydreams.B.Givingupfriedchips.C.Gettingupearly.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.Whatisthespeaker?,A.Ateacher.B.Aneditor.C.Astudent.18.Whatisnecessaryforavolunteer?A.Communicationskills.B.Highscores.C.Experience.19.What’sthebestreasonfortakingthejob?A.Tolearntowrite.B.Tomakemoney.C.Tohavefun.20.Whenarevolunteersexpectedtostartworking?A.Rightafterthemeeting.B.Tomorrowmorning.C.Nextweek.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheMostBreathtakingTheatersintheWorldShakespeare'sGlobeTheater（London,UK）TheoriginalGlobeTheaterwasbuiltbyShakespeare'scompanyin1599,butwasdestroyedbyfirein1613.Areplicawasbuiltin1997justmetersfromtheoriginalsite.Thenew857-seatstructurehasseveralmodernfeatures.IthasthefirstandonlystrawroofpermittedinLondonsincethegreatfireof1666.Shakespeare'sGlobe,21NewGlobeWalk,Bankside,London;+442079021400MargravialOperaHouse（Bayreuth,Germany）Builtin1745,theUNESCO-listedMareravialOperaHouseisregardedasthefinestbaroquetheaterinEurope.Thestagehasadepthof27metersandwasthelargestinEuropeuntil1871.Muchoftheoriginalmaterialsremain,alongwithoriginalstructures,suchasthetwinstaircases.MargravialOperaHouse,Opernstrasse14.Bayreuth,Germany;+499217596922TeatroAmazonas（Manaus,Brazil）Therecan'tbemanytheaterslocatedinthemiddleoftheAmazonrainforest,andtheTeatroAmazonasiscertainlythemostbreathtaking.Thetheaterwasbuiltin1895andwasdesignedbyItalianarchitectCelestialSacardim.Worktook15years.largelythankstothedecisiontosourcesuppliesfromallovertheworldAmazonTheater,Centro,Manaus,Brazil;+559236221880NationalCentreforthePerformingArts（Beijing,China）TheNationalCentreforthePerformingArts（NCPA）,builtin2007,isanartscentreinBeijing.DesignedbyFrencharchitectPaulAndreu,theNCPAisthelargesttheatrecomplex（建筑群）inAsia.TheNCPAincludesvalueinbothancienttraditionalChinesearchitectureandmodernarchitecture.Itwasspeciallydesignedtoimprove,theredwallsofancientbuildingsandtheGreatHallofthePeopleinordertofitinwiththesurroundings.NCPA,No.2WestChang'anAvenue,XichengDistrict,Beijing;+86010665509891.Wheredoesthetheatrewithitslongestsurvivaltimelie?A.InLondon.B.InBayreuthC.InManaus.D.InBeijing2WhichofthefollowingwasdesignedbyanItalianarchitect?A.Shakespeare'sGlobe.B.MargravialOperaHouse.C.TeatroAmazonas.D.NationalCentreforthePerformingArts.3.HowisNationalCentreforthePerformingArtsspecial?A.Itfeaturesmodernarchitecture.B.Itreceivesworldwidesupplies.C.ItisamultifunctionaltheatreD.Itmatchesitssurroundings.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上令人最为叹为观止的几座大剧院。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据MargravialOperaHouse（Bayreuth,Germany）部分的“Builtin1745,theUNESCO-listedMareravialOperaHouseisregardedasthefinestbaroquetheaterinEurope.”（马里拉维尔歌剧院建于1745年，被联合国教科文组织列入名录，被认为是欧洲最好的巴洛克式剧院。）可知，这几座剧院中年代最为久远的是位于德国的马里拉维尔歌剧院。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TeatroAmazonas（Manaus,Brazil）部分的“Thetheaterwasbuiltin1895andwasdesignedbyItalianarchitectCelestialSacardim.”（这座剧院建于1895年，由意大利建筑师CelestialSacardim设计。）可知，TeatroAmazonas由意大利设计师设计。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据NationalCentreforthePerformingArts（Beijing,China）部分的“ItwasspeciallydesignedtoimprovetheredwallsofancientbuildingsandtheGreatHallofthePeopleinordertofitinwiththesurroundings.”（为了适应周围的环境，它专门为改善古建筑和人民大会堂的红墙而做出这样的设计。）可知，NationalCentreforthePerformingArts的特殊之处在于它完美融合了周围的环境。故选D项。BManyofusloveJulybecauseit’sthemonthwhennature’sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsformBritishColumbia’sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.,Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein(蛋白质),ironandzinc(notthatfruitshavemuchprotein).Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants(抗氧化物质).TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries(樱桃),theyaresodeliciouswhocares?However,theyarerichinvitaminC.Whencombinedwithberriesofslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasmakeanexcellentbaseforthick,coolingfruitshakesandlowfat“icecream”.Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Removetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa“soft-serve”creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren’sparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.4.Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?A.Theycontainprotein.B.TheyarehighinvitaminA.C.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.5.Whyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananas?A.Tomakethemsmellbetter.B.Tokeeptheircolour.C.Tospeeduptheirripening.D.Toimprovetheirnutrition.6.Whatis“ajuicer”inthelastparagraph?A.Adessert.B.Adrink.C.Acontainer.D.Amachine.7.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Atravelbrochure.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇日常生活类说明文。文中讲述了人们热爱水果丰盛的7月，这时候各种水果营养丰富且含有对人体有益的微量元素，尤其是香蕉。我们可以利用它做一些孩子喜欢的甜点或冰淇淋。【4题详解】细节理解题。题干问的是，作者喜欢樱桃什么。根据第二段中Asforcherries(樱桃),theyaresodeliciouswho,cares?（至于樱桃，因为它们很好吃谁在乎呢?）可知，作者在乎的是它的美味。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.可知，往香蕉上滴新鲜的柠檬汁是为了防止香蕉变成褐色，故新鲜的柠檬汁是被用来保持香蕉的颜色的。故选B。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段中theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow可知，孩子们喜欢把一些水果和冷冻的香蕉放入到这台机器的上部，然后看到冰激凌从下面出来。故可以推出ajuicer就是一台机器。故选D。【7题详解】文章出处题。文章首先指出七月是水果盛产的季节，并指出各种水果富含的营养，最后一段指出我们可以用ajuicer为孩子们做一些甜点和冰激凌，故最可能是从健康杂志上摘取的文章。A项意为：生物教科书；B项意为：一本健康杂志；C项意为：一篇研究论文；D项意为：一本旅游手册。故选B。点睛：做词义猜测题时我们要注意观察，划线单词的构成结构。如本题背划线的单词是juicer，我们都知道“er”是单词的后缀。它既可以表示人，又可以表示物。如：cleaner既可以表示清洁工，又可以表示清洁工具。根据下文中的意思，可以判断出本题中的ajuicer是表示物。CResearchersintheUnitedKingdomaretestingtoseewhethervitaminAcanbeusedtorestorethesenseofsmellinpeoplewholostitbecauseofCOVID-19.Alossofthesenseofsmellisacommonside-effectofCOVID-19,witharoundeightpeoplein10whohaveasymptomaticinfectionexperiencingsomereductionintheirabilitytosmell.Forsomepatients—round18percentaccordingtoonestudy—thesymptomissevere,causingtotalsmellloss.Priortothepandemic,researchersattheInterdisciplinaryCenterforSmellandTasteinDresden,Germany,establishedalinkbetweenvitaminAdropsandimprovedoutcomesinpatientswithviral-inducedsmellloss,causingscientistsattheUniversityofEastAngliatousethetreatmentonCOVID-19patientsinanewUKgovernment-fundedstudy."Aroundonein10peoplewhoexperiencesmelllossasaresultofCOVID-19reportthattheirsenseofsmellhasnotreturnedtonormalfourweeksafterfallingill,"saidCarlPhilpott,aprofessorofolfactologyattheuniversity.Philpottsaidpeoplewithsmelllosscanexperiencedepression,anxiety,feelingsofisolation（孤立）,andweightlossduetoreducedappetite.Hesaidotherrisksincludefailuretonoticehazards（危险）,suchasgasor,spoiledfoods."Wewanttofindoutwhetherthereisanincreaseinthesizeandactivityofdamagedsmellpathwaysinpatients'brainswhentheyaretreatedwithvitaminAnasal（鼻的）drops,"saidPhilpott."Thiswouldshowrecoveryofthedamagecausedbycommonviralinfections,includingCOVID-19,inthenose."Inthenewstudy,38patientswillreceivea12-weekcourseofnasalvitaminAdropsand19willreceiveinactivepeanutoildrops.Beforeandafterthetreatmentcourse,researcherswilluseMRIscanningtoseeifthereisachangeinthesizeoftheolfactorybulb,anareaabovethenosewherethesmellnervesjointogetherandconnecttothebrain.Theywillalsotestforneuralactivityandolfactoryperformancebyintroducingdistinctiveodors,suchasrosesorrottingeggs,whilepatientsareundergoingMRIimaging.8.WhatinspiresresearcherstousevitaminAtotreatCOVID-19patients?A.Areliableexperiment.B.Patients'personalexperience.C.Previousmedicalresearch.D.Scientists'reasonableassumption.9.WhatmayNOTbetheresultofthesmellloss?A.Reducedappetite.B.Failuretosensedanger.C.Feelingsofbeinglonely.D.Slowrecoveryfrominfections.10.Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?A.Byinterviewingthepatients.B.Byanalyzingsomedata.C.Byobservingthesymptoms.D.Bydoingcontrastexperiments.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theeffectivewaystorestorethesenseofsmell.B.UsingvitaminAtotreatsmelllosslinkedwithCOVID-19.C.COVID-19patients'sufferingsfromseveresmellloss.D.Somecasesthatwillcausealossofthesenseofsmell.【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了科学家们现在正在试验维生素A是否可以用来恢复由于新冠所引发的嗅觉丧失。【8题详解】细节理解题。由第三段“Priortothepandemic,researchers...tousethetreatmentonCOVID-19patientsina,newUKgovernment-fundedstudy.”(在这个流行病之前，位于德国德累斯顿的跨学科嗅觉和味觉中心的研究人员在病毒性嗅觉丧失患者身上发现了维生素A水平下降和改善治疗效果之间的联系，从而导致东英吉利亚大学的科学家们在一项新的英国政府资助的研究中对2019冠状病毒疾病患者使用这种治疗方法。)，可知早在新冠之前就有机构已经建立了维生素A下降和改善嗅觉丧失之间的联系，对于由新冠引发的嗅觉丧失采用维生素A就是基于之前的这个研究。选项C与文意相符，故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Philpottsaidpeoplewithsmelllosscanexperiencedepression,anxiety,feelingsofisolation（孤立）,andweightlossduetoreducedappetite.Hesaidotherrisksincludefailuretonoticehazards（危险）,suchasgasorspoiledfoods.”（菲尔波特说，嗅觉丧失的人会经历抑郁、焦虑、孤立感，以及由于食欲减退而导致的体重下降。他说，其他的风险包括不能注意到如煤气或变质的食物的危险。）可知，嗅觉丧失的人并不会出现感染后康复缓慢的情形。选项D在文中未提到，不符合文意。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Inthenewstudy,38patientswillreceivea12-weekcourseofnasalvitaminAdropsand19willreceiveinactivepeanutoildrops.”（在新的研究中，38名患者将接受为期12周的维生素A滴鼻剂治疗，19名患者将接受非活性花生油滴鼻剂治疗。）可知，研究学者把病人分成了两组，一组使用维生素A，一组使用其他的滴剂，做比照实验。选项D与文意相符，故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。此文是一篇说明文，纵读全文，根据第一段“ResearchersintheUnitedKingdomaretestingtoseewhethervitaminAcanbeusedtorestorethesenseofsmellinpeoplewholostitbecauseofCOVID-19.”（英国的研究人员正在测试是否可以使用维生素A来恢复因2019冠状病毒疾病而失去嗅觉的人的嗅觉。）提出了本文要论述的话题：科学家们现在正在试验维生素A是否可以用来恢复由于新冠所引发的嗅觉丧失。选项B与文意最贴近，故选B。DYou’restuckinaseaofstandstilltrafficwhenitbegins:hungerpangs,thekindthatreleaseasteadystreamoffastfoodfantasizing.Withyourgrumblingstomachgrowinglouder,youroptionsarelimited:YoucanwaitafewhoursfortheroadwaystoclearorpullaMichaelDouglasinthemovieFallingDown,leavingyourcaridlingonthefreewaywhileyousetoffonfoot(pleasedon’tdothis).NowBurgerKing,isbettingthathungrydriverswillwelcomeathirdoption:adirect-to-driver;deliveryconceptthecompanyhaslabeledthe“Traffic,JamWhoopper.”Reachedbyemail,GustavoLauria,co-founderoftheadvertisingagencyWeBelievers,whichdevelopedthevehicledeliveryconceptsaidthenewapproachallowstheburgerchaintocapitalizeonatimeofdayinwhichthe,city’sterribletraffictypicallyslowsbusiness.“ThiswasanopportunityforBurgerKingtogeneratenewprofitsoutofthosehungrydrivers,”Lauriaadded.LauriaclaimsBurgerKingisthefirstfastfoodbrandtodeliverfoodtopeopleinthemiddleofatrafficjam.InMexicoCity,thecompanysaid,deliverydriversarealreadyreceivinganaverageof7,000ordersperday,mostlytohomesandoffices.Tomakethetrafficjamdeliveryprocesspossible.BurgerKing’sMexicoappactivitiestheserviceafteridentifyingcrowdedareasinMexicoCityduringperiodsofhightraffic.Customerscanonlyplaceanorderiftheappdeterminesthatthedriverwillbelockedintrafficforatleast30minutesandtheyarewithina1.8-miledistanceofaBurgerKingrestaurant,thecompanysaid.Earlyon,Lauriawrote,theinitiativewasmetwithskepticism.Thechallengeswerecomplex:makingsurereal-timegeolocationdatawasaccurateenough,andthecreationofahands-freewaytotakeordersoncellphonesinacountrythathasadoptedseriouspunishmentfordriverswhousecellphonesbehindthewheel.Thoughthecompanydidnotofferatimeline,BurgerKingsaysitexpectstorollouttheTrafficJamWhopperinotherovercrowdedcities,suchasLosAngeles,SaoPauloandShanghai.12.Whatdoesthe“TrafficJamWhopper”(paragraph2)referto?A.Aproposalintendedtoeasethetrafficjamduringpeakhours.B.Aninitiativewhichallowsdriverstohavefooddelivereddirectlytotheircars.C.Aplatformwhichmakesitconvenientfordriverstoorderfoodviacellphones.D.Anassociationsupervisingwhetherdriversareobservingtrafficrules.13.BurgerKingislaunchingtheTrafficJamWhoppermainlyto________.A.promoteitscorporatecultureB.makeashiftinitssalespatternC.achieveanincreaseinitsprofitD.expanditsbusinessintomorecities14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.TheTrafficJamWhopperposesathreattothesafetyofpedestrians.B.Driverswillbeallowedtotypeontheircellphonesduringtrafficjams.C.Technologicalbarriersmayblockthetrafficjamdeliveryprocess.D.DriverscaninstantlychoosetoactivateBurgerKing’sapp.15.BurgerKingisabouttheTrafficJamWhopper.A.CautiousB.confidentC.doubtfulD.concerned【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.B,【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了BurgerKing推出的一项新的送餐计划——将餐食直接送达给因堵车而饥饿的司机，但也面临着一些困难。【12题详解】词句猜测题，根据上文“adirect-to-driver”（直接将食物送到司机手中）和第三段的“thenewapproachallowstheburgerchaintocapitalizeonatimeofdayinwhichthecity’sterribletraffictypicallyslowsbusiness.（新方法使这家汉堡连锁店能够利用一天中城市糟糕的交通通常会减慢生意的时间）可知，TrafficJamWhopper这是一项让食物直接送到司机车上的计划。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段““ThiswasanopportunityforBurgerKingtogeneratenewprofitsoutofthosehungrydrivers,”Lauriaadded.（Lauria补充说:“这是汉堡王从这些饥饿的司机身上获得新利润的机会。”）可知，BurgerKing发起TrafficJamWhopper主要目的是增加利润。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Customerscanonlyplaceanorderiftheappdeterminesthatthedriverwillbelockedintrafficforatleast30minutesandtheyarewithina1.8-miledistanceofaBurgerKingrestaurant,thecompanysaid.”（该公司表示，顾客只有在应用程序确定司机将在交通堵塞中至少30分钟，而且他们距离汉堡王餐厅1.8英里以内的情况下，才能下订单）和倒数第二段“makingsurereal-timegeolocationdatawasaccurateenough,andthecreationofahands-freewaytotakeordersoncellphonesinacountrythathasadoptedseriouspunishmentfordriverswhousecellphonesbehindthewheel.”（确保实时的地理定位数据足够准确，并创造了一种免提的方式来接受手机订单，在这个国家，对开车使用手机的司机采取了严厉的惩罚措施）推知，技术障碍可能会阻碍交通堵塞中运送餐食的过程。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thoughthecompanydidnotofferatimeline,BurgerKingsaysitexpectstorollouttheTrafficJamWhopperinotherovercrowdedcities,suchasLosAngeles,SaoPauloandShanghai.”（尽管BurgerKing没有提供时间表，但它预计将在其他拥挤城市，如洛杉矶、圣保罗和上海，推出TrafficJamWhopper）推知，BurgerKing对TrafficJamWhopper非常有信心。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Runningisagreatwaytogetinshapeandjustabouteveryonecandoit.Giventhatit'ssoeasytotakeupthesport,alotofbeginnersjumprightintorunningwithoutactuallyknowingwhatittakestoestablishahealthy,routine.___16___.Ifyouarejuststartingout,avoidthefollowingthingstohelpyouincreaseyourchancesofrunningsuccess.DoingtoomuchtoosoonOneofthebiggestmistakesbeginnersmakeisdoingtoomuchtoosoon.Pickingupanewhobbylikerunningisnodoubtexciting.Runnersneedtoeaseintothesportbeforeincreasingthedistance.___17___.___18___Beginnersmightthinktheyneedtorunnearlyeverydaytomeettheirfitnessorweight-lossgoals,butthiscouldn'tbefurtherfromthetruth.___19___，especiallyforbeginnerswhosemusclesandboneshaven'tyetbeenconditionedforsuchintense(剧烈的)exercise.Soit'simportanttogiveyourbodyamplerestbetweenworkouts.Followatrainingplanthatincludesrestdays.Comparingyourselftoothers___20___,You'reexcitedaboutrunning,soyouareprobablyreadingrunningblogs,magazinesandmessageboardswhereyoumightstarttofeelinadequateaboutyourownrunningpace.Insteadofgettingdownonyourself，rememberthateveryrunnerwasonceabeginnerandusetheirsuccessasmotivation!A.NotrunningeverydayB.NottakingrestdaysC.RunningisademandingactivitywhichcanbereallyhardonyourbodyD.Asmentioned,ahealthyroutineiswhattheyattachimportancetoE.Whenstartingoutwithrunning,it'stoughnottocompareyourselftoothersF.Manymakeanumberofcommonmistakes,whichcaninterfere(干扰)withtrainingorleadtoinjuryG.Itwillhelpreducetheriskofinjury,soyoucancontinuewithyournewrunningroutine【答案】16.F17.G18.B19.C20.E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了对于刚开始跑步的人，要避免哪些事项来提高成功的机会。【16题详解】根据上文Giventhatit'ssoeasytotakeupthesport,alotofbeginnersjumprightintorunningwithoutactuallyknowingwhatittakestoestablishahealthyroutine.可知鉴于这项运动非常容易，许多初学者在没有真正知道如何建立健康的日常生活的情况下直接跑步。承接上文，F项（许多人会犯很多常见的错误，这些错误会干扰训练或导致伤害）切题，故选F项。【17题详解】,根据上文Runnersneedtoeaseintothesportbeforeincreasingthedistance.可知跑步者需要在增加跑步距离之前进行放松运动。承接下文，G项（它有助于降低受伤风险，因此你可以继续新的跑步日常）切题。G项it指的是前面整个句子，对前面的句子做出了进一步的解释。故选G项。【18题详解】根据本段Beginnersmightthinktheyneedtorunnearlyeverydaytomeettheirfitnessorweight-lossgoals,butthiscouldn'tbefurtherfromthetruth。和Followatrainingplanthatincludesrestdays.可知初学者可能会认为他们几乎每天都要跑步以达到他们的健身或减肥目标，但这不可能是事实。要在训练计划中安排休息。所以这段要讲的误区就是坚持跑步而不休息，B项（没有休息日）符合，故选B项。【19题详解】根据后文especiallyforbeginnerswhosemusclesandboneshaven'tyetbeenconditionedforsuchintenseexercise.可知特别是对那些肌肉和骨骼不适合如此剧烈的运动的初跑者，此处是想表达跑步是一项有难度的运动，连接下文，C项（跑步是一项要求很高的运动，对你的身体来说可以真的很难）切题，故选C项。【20题详解】根据小标题Comparingyourselftoothers可知跑步的一个误区就是拿自己和别人比较，E项（刚开始跑步的时候，不拿自己和别人比较很难做到）符合语境，故选E项。第三部分语言运用(共55分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.Someofour___21___arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle.Once,we___22___alongChalkCreek.Iwas___23___thatour15-month-oldboywouldfallintothecreek(小溪).Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.Hewas___24___,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So___25___tyinghimup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It___26___—hedidn’tendupinthecreek.Mythree-year-old,however,did.Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenwe___27___,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly___28___ourpeacefulmorningtrip.The___29___pickedupandthunderrolled.Myhusbandstoppedfishingto______30______themotor.Nothing.Hetriedagain.No______31______.Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.Asweallsatthere______32______,afishermanpulledup,threwusaropeandtowed(拖)usback.Wewere______33______.Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,wearefilledwithasenseof,______34______,wonderingwhatcampingfunand______35______wewillexperiencenext.21.A.ideasB.jokesC.memoriesD.discoveries22.A.campedB.droveC.walkedD.cycled23.A.annoyedB.surprisedC.disappointedD.worried24.A.unhurtB.unfortunateC.uncomfortableD.unafraid25.A.duetoB.insteadofC.apartfromD.asfor26.A.workedB.happenedC.matteredD.changed27.A.signedupB.calmeddownC.checkedoutD.headedoff28.A.arrangedB.interruptedC.completedD.recorded29.A.windB.noiseC.temperatureD.speed30.A.findB.hideC.startD.fix31.A.luckB.answerC.wonderD.signal32.A.patientlyB.tirelesslyC.doubtfullyD.helplessly33.A.sorryB.braveC.safeD.right34.A.reliefB.dutyC.prideD.excitement35.A.failureB.adventureC.performanceD.conflict【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.C25.B26.A27.D28.B29.A30.C31.A32.D33.C34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒险，并且作者和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时候。A.ideas想法；B.jokes笑话；C.memories记忆；D.discoveries发现。根据上文“havehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears”以及下文“especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle”可知，作者在讲述以前一些经历，这些经历回想起来很有趣，因此作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆是有趣的。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A.camped露营；B.drove开车；C.walked散步；D.cycled骑自行车。根据上文“Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.”可知，作者与家人在过去的十年来有着美妙的露营经历，而此处作者讲述的是其中,的一次经历，他们一起在溪边露营。故选A项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我担心我们15个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A.annoyed恼怒的；B.surprised惊讶的C.disappointed失望的；D.worried担心的。根据下文“Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.”可知，作者把一根绳子系在儿子的腰上就是怕自己的孩子会掉进小溪里，所以可知作者对此是很担心的。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A.unhurt未受伤的；B.unfortunate不幸的；C.uncomfortable不舒服的；D.unafraid无所畏惧的。根据上文“Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.”以及下文“hiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit”可知，孩子之所以哭是因为身上被绑绳子而感觉不舒服。故选C项。【25题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。A.dueto由于；B.insteadof代替，而不是；C.apartfrom除了；D.asfor至于。根据上文“Hewas___4___,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.”以及下文“Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim”可知，因为孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者换了另一种方式，选择密切关注他，而不是在他身上绑绳子。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A.worked起作用；B.happened发生；C.mattered事关紧要；D.changed改变。根据下文“hedidn’tendupinthecreek.”可知，孩子没有掉进小溪里是因为作者在密切关注着他，以防他掉下去，因此可知作者采取的这种关注小孩而不是用绳子把他绑起来的方式起作用了。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A.signedup注册，报名；B.calmeddown冷静下来；C.checkedout退房，结账离开；D.headedoff启程，出发。根据上文“Theskywasclear”以及下文“butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains”可知，天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A.arranged安排；B.interrupted中断；C.completed完成；D.recorded记录。根据上文“stormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly”以及下文“ourpeacefulmorningtrips”可知，因为风暴来临，所以作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B项。,【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A.wind风；B.noise噪音；C.temperature温度；D.speed速度。根据上文“stormsmoveinfastinthemountains”以及下文的“thunderrolled.”可知，天气变得很糟糕，大风刮了起来。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A.find找到；B.hide隐藏；C.start启动；D.fix修理。根据下文“Nothing.Hetriedagain.”以及“Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.”可知，作者他们被困在湖中央，是因为马达坏了，发动不起来，因此可知作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有好运。A.luck好运；B.answer回答；C.wonder惊奇；D.signal信号。根据下文“Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.”可知，作者的丈夫再次尝试启动，船依然无法启动，因此可知他们运气很差，没有好运。故选A项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子并把我们拖了回来。A.patiently耐心地；B.tirelessly不知疲倦地；C.doubtfully怀疑地；D.helplessly无助地。根据上文“Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.”可知，在天气恶劣情况下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选D项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们安全了。A.sorry抱歉的；B.brave勇敢的；C.safe安全的；D.right正确的。根据上文“afishermanpulledup,threwusaropeandtowedusback”可知，作者他们得到了渔夫的帮助，因此作者和家人安全了。故选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A.relief救济；B.duty职责；C.pride自豪；D.excitement兴奋。根据上文的“Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage”以及下文的“wonderingwhatcampingfun”可知，作者他们一看到丈夫把露营车拉出来时，他们就会想知道接下来露营的乐趣是怎么样的，因此可知作者他们是期待接下来的露营，对此充满兴奋之情。故选D项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A.failure失败；B.adventure冒险；C.performance表现；D.,conflict冲突。根据上文“Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,wearefilledwithasenseof___14___,wonderingwhatcampingfunand”以及下文“wewillexperiencenext”可知，作者与家人想知道下一次露营的乐趣是什么，因此也十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B项。【点睛】第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)单句填空根据每句括号内的英语或汉语提示，用正确的形式完成句子，使它们的意思完整36.Choosetheimageyouwantby________(点击)twice.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】clicking【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：单击两次，选择所需的图像。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知，动词click符合题意，介词by后应用其动名词形式，作宾语。故填clicking。37.Wehavealotofmodern______(equip),makingitconvenientforstudentstolearneverysubject.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】equipment【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我们有很多现代化的设备，方便学生学习每一门课程。分析句子，句中应该使用equip的名词equipment作宾语，意为“设备”，其为不可数名词。故填equipment。38.______(gradual),theyaretiredoflifeinthenoisycity.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Gradually【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：渐渐地，他们厌倦了喧闹的城市生活。修饰后文整个句子需要使用副词“gradually”。故填Gradually。39.Tim’s________(puzzle)expressionsuggestedthathedidn’tunderstandwhattheyhadsaid.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】puzzled【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：蒂姆困惑的表情表明他没听懂他们说的话。提示词修饰名词expression，用形容词作定语；-ed形容词puzzled可以修饰表示“音容笑貌”的名词，意为“困惑的，迷惑不解的”；puzzledexpression“困惑的表情”。故填puzzled。,40.Onthewaytoschool，Tomcameacrossoneofhisclassmates,andthey__________(问候)eachotherbysaying“Goodmorning”．（根据汉语提示完成句子）【答案】greeted【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：在去学校的路上，Tom遇见了他的一个同学，他们互相问候了早上好。根据句意和首字母提示“问候”可知，应填greet作谓语动词，从前文的came可知，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时。故填greeted。41.Ihavemadeupmymindtoservethepeopleheartand________(灵魂).（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】soul【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我已下定决心全心全意为人民服务。根据汉语提示可知，soul灵魂，可数名词，heartandsoul全心全意地，固定短语。故填soul。42.Thegirlperformingonthe________(舞台)hasagiftfordance.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】stage【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：在舞台上表演的那个女孩有跳舞的天赋。“舞台”作宾语，用名词stage；onthestage“在舞台上”。故填stage。43.Therearefewer________(opportunity)fornewgraduatesthisyear.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】opportunities【解析】【详解】考查名词的数。句意：今年应届毕业生的机会更少了。根据系动词are可知，空处应填名词opportunity的复数形式作主语。故填opportunities。44.I’dappreciateitifyoucould________________(更新)thesefiles．（根据汉语意思填空）【答案】update【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：如果你能更新这些文件，我将不胜感激。根据汉语提示和could可知，填动词原形update。故填update。45.Withsummer________(approach),somestudentswillfeelveryhappy.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】approaching【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着夏天的临近，一些学生会感到非常高兴。提示词作with复合结构中,宾语summer的补足语，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语summer之间是主动关系，用现在分词approaching表主动和正在发生。故填approaching。第三节语篇填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sincethepre-Qinperiod,Chengdu____46____(be)animportantculturaltowninChina.But____47____reallysetsthecityapart,culturally,isitsopera.AnimportantaspectofSichuanOperais____48____magicof“facechanging”wherevividlycolouredmasksarechangedwithintheblinkofaneye.Inoperagardensandteahousesacrossthetown,audiences____49____(want)aglimpseofthelocalculturelovetodrinkteawhilelisteningtoSichuanOperaandwatchingfacechanging.Itisbelievedthat“facechanging”hasitsrootsinevolution.Earlyhumansneededsurvivalstrategiestoavoidfierceanimalsandforeign____50____(invade).Often,aggressivefacialgesturesandnon-verbalcueswerepartofit.TheSichuanOperaissaid____51____(bring)thisrangeofemotionsonstage.Oncetheperformancestarts,theactorkeepspullingdownonemaskafter____52____inswiftmovementstoconveydifferentemotions.____53____(astonish),nomatterhowcloseoneis____54____thestage,theyjustcan’ttellhowthemaskschange.Infact,thedifferentkindsofcharactersandpersonalitiesthatSichuanOperabringsalivecan_____55_____(find)amongcommonpeople.Thisiswhyitsemotionswillcontinuetoresonatewithpeopleforalongtime.【答案】46.hasbeen47.what48.the49.wanting50.invaders51.tohavebrought##tobring52.another53.Astonishingly54.to55.befound【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。自先秦以来，成都一直是中国重要的文化名城。但真正使这座城市在文化上与众不同的是它的川剧。本文主要介绍了川剧的一个重要方面——变脸。【46题详解】,考查动词的时态。句意：自先秦以来，成都一直是中国重要的文化名城。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据句中时间状语Sincethepre-Qinperiod可知，此处应用现在完成时态。故填hasbeen【47题详解】考查主语从句。句意：但真正使这座城市在文化上与众不同的是它的歌剧。分析句子可知，空格处应填入主语从句的引导词。分析句子结构，该引导词在主语从句中作主语，指物，故用连接代词what引导。故填what。【48题详解】考查冠词。句意：川剧的一个重要方面是“变脸”的魔力，色彩鲜艳的面具在眨眼之间就变了。根据空后of“facechanging”可知，此处特指“变脸的魔力”，故用定冠词the。故填the。【49题详解】考查现在分词。句意：在镇上的戏院和茶馆里，想要一窥当地文化的观众喜欢一边喝茶，一边听川剧，看着变脸。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。被修饰名词audiences与want是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。故填wanting。【50题详解】考查名词。句意：早期人类需要生存策略来躲避凶猛的动物和外来入侵者。根据空格前的fierceanimals可知，此处应填名词与fierceanimals并列作宾语，根据句意，此处指“侵略者”，应用invade的名词形式invader，且用复数形式。故填invaders。【51题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：据说川剧将这种情绪带到了舞台上。“sb./sth.besaid+动词不定式”是固定结构，意为“据说……”，此处既可用动词不定式的一般式陈述事实，也可以用不定式的完成式强调动作发生在谓语动词issaid之前。故填tohavebrought/tobring。【52题详解】考查代词。句意：表演一开始，演员就不停地拉下一个又一个面具，动作迅速，传达不同的情绪。oneafteranother是固定短语，意为“一个又一个，一个接一个”，故填another。【53题详解】考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，无论离舞台有多近，他们都无法分辨口罩是如何变化的。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词作状语。故填Astonishingly。【54题详解】考查介词。句意同上。becloseto是固定短语，意为“靠近……”。故填to。【55题详解】考查被动语态。句意：事实上，川剧给人们带来的不同类型的人物和性格在普通人中都可以找到。根据空,前的can可知，空格处应填入动词原形。主语thedifferentkindsofcharactersandpersonalities与动词find是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。故填befound。第四节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)英汉句子互译56.Atage50,shefoundhimselfoutofworkandstuckathomewithonlyhercomputertokeephercompany.(英译汉)【答案】50岁时，她发现自己失业了并只能呆在家里，只有电脑陪伴着她。【解析】【详解】考查主谓宾宾补句型和with复合结构。时间状语是Atage50“50岁时”，主语是she“她”，谓语动词是found“发现”，宾语himself“自己”，outofworkandstuckathome“失业了并只能呆在家里”是宾语补足语，with复合结构withonlyhercomputertokeephercompany“只有电脑陪伴着她”作伴随状语。故本句可译为：50岁时，她发现自己失业了，只能呆在家里，只有电脑陪伴着她。57.Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.（英译汉）【答案】它们使用相同的国旗，即英国国旗，并共享相同的货币和军事防御。【解析】【详解】考查短语和时态。谓语动词“use”译为：使用；宾语“thesameflag”译为：相同的国旗；后置定语“knownastheUnionJack”译为：即英国国旗；并列连词“aswellas”译为：也，并且；并列谓语动词“share”译为：共享；宾语“thesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.”译为：相同的货币和军事防御。综上，故译为：它们使用相同的国旗，即英国国旗，并共享相同的货币和军事防御。58.Iamfinallybackhomenow,feelingreallytired,butcelebratingNaadamwithmyfriendwastotallyworthit.（英译汉）【答案】我终于回家了，感觉很累，但和我的朋友一起庆祝那达慕是完全值得的。【解析】【详解】考查短语和非谓语动词。but连接的两个句子都是主系表结构；“ambackhome”译为：回家；状语“feelingreallytired”译为：感觉很累；分句主语“celebratingNaadamwithmyfriend”译为：和朋友一起庆祝那达慕；“wasworthit”译为：值得。综上，故译为：我终于回家了，感觉很累，但和我的朋友一起庆祝那达慕是完全值得的。59.非常荣幸来到这里与大家分享音乐是如何影响了我的人生。（汉译英）【答案】It’sanhonortobehereandsharewithyouhowmusichasinfluencedmylife.【解析】,【详解】考查固定句型、非谓语动词、宾语从句和时态。“非常荣幸……”用固定句型It’sanhonortodo...表示，其中it是形式主语，不定式作真正的主语；“来到这里”和“与大家分享音乐是如何影响了我的人生”是并列关系，用并列连词and连接，分别用不定式tobehere和tosharewithyouhowmusichasinfluencedmylife表示；“tosharewithyouhowmusichasinfluencedmylife”中不定式符号可以省略，其中“howmusichasinfluencedmylife”是宾语从句，表示过去的事情对现在的影响，使用了现在完成时态。故翻译为It’sanhonortobehereandsharewithyouhowmusichasinfluencedmylife.60.但是，说实话，整晚的烟花燃放声真的有些令人烦躁。(汉译英)【答案】But,tobehonest,thesoundoffireworksgoingoffallnightwasalittleannoying.【解析】【详解】考查时态和短语。句子陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时；“说实话”表达为tobehonest，作评注性状语；“……的声音”表达为thesoundof，“燃放”表达为gooff，“一整晚”表达为allnight，因此主语“整晚的烟花燃放声”表达为thesoundoffireworksgoingoffallnight，“fireworksgoingoff”为动名词复合结构作宾语；“令人烦躁的”表达为annoying，作表语。再结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为But,tobehonest,thesoundoffireworksgoingoffallnightwasalittleannoying.第四部分：书面表达(共15分)61.上周六，你校组织学生到天山公园参加植树活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请以AMeaningfulActivity为题，写一篇报道，内容包括：1.活动目的；2.活动过程；3.活动意义。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。AMeaningfulActivity________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】AMeaningfulActivityToletusstudentsunderstandthevalueoflabor,atree-plantingactivitywasheldinTianshanParklastSaturday.,Arrivingatthepark,webegantowork.Somestudentsdugholes,someputthebottomofthetreesinthehole,somewateredthetreesandsometiedthetreesonsmallsticks.Withourjointeffort,theparklookedgreenerandmorebeautiful.Throughthisactivity,notonlydidwelearnhowtoplanttrees,butgotmuchclosertonature.Everyparticipantexpectsanotheronenextyear.【解析】【导语】本文是开放性作文。要求考生以AMeaningfulActivity为题，写一篇上周六，学校组织学生到天山公园参加植树活动的报道。【详解】1.词汇积累使，让：let→make举办：hold→throw到达：arriveat→reach看起来：look→seem2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Arrivingatthepark,webegantowork.拓展句：Afterwearrivedatthepark,webegantowork.【点睛】【高分句型1】Toletusstudentsunderstandthevalueoflabor,atree-plantingactivitywasheldinTianshanParklastSaturday.（由动词不定式短语做目的状语）【高分句型2】Throughthisactivity,notonlydidwelearnhowtoplanttrees,butgotmuchclosertonature.（由notonly引导的部分倒装结构）,