江苏省南京市玄武区2022高考英语 暑假基础训练（5）

南京市玄武区2022高考英语（暑假基础训练（5）附答案Ⅰ.完形填空LastsummerTomandhisfriendsGeorgeandBillwantedtotakeavacation.Buttheydidnothavemuch__1__.Theydecidedthata__2__mountainclimbingexpedition(探险；郊游)wastheonlytriptheycould__3__.Sinceeachofthemwas__4__toclimbing，thevacationwouldbealotoffun.Tommadealltheplans.He__5__thattheyshouldsharetheexpensesforfoodandgasequallyandthateachoneshouldbringsome__6__clothesbecausetheweatherat__7__altitudesisusuallycold.Theboyswerenotinahurry，sotheyclimbed__8__thefirstday.Theweatherwas__9__，andtheyenjoyedthefresh__10__astheyclimbedupanarrowpath.Tomexpectedtheweathertostaynice，butlateintheafternoontherewasa__11__.Theboysrushedtowardacaveanddecidedtocamptherethatnight.Whenthesunrosethenextmorning，theycontinued__12__.Astheboyswenthigher，theclimbingbecamemore__13__，andbylatethatafternoonthetripappearedendless.Whentheyfinallyreachedthe__14__ofthemountain，theysawabeautifulsight.Thecolorsofthesunsetwereyellow，red，andgold.Theboysrelaxedandenjoyedtheview.Thefarmsandfieldsofwheatandcornbelowappearedverysmall.Inthedistance，theycouldseetrees，hillsandvalleys.They__15__aweekinthemountains.Theyreallyhadgreatfun.1．A.time　　　　　　　　B．moneyC．costD．fare解析：选B。后文他们提出分摊费用，而且只是想进行爬山这样的旅行，可知钱不是很多。2．A.shortB．longC．freeD．pleasant解析：选A。爬山只是短途旅行，但不一定是免费的，所以选A。3．A.takeB．haveC．affordD．go解析：选C。afford负担得起费用。4．A.accustomedB．likedC．fondD．interested解析：选A。beaccustomedtodoingsth....习惯于做某事。likedoingsth.；befondofdoingsth.；beinterestedindoingsth.。只有A答案搭配正确。-11-\n5．A.saidB．thoughtC．suggestedD．wanted解析：选C。suggest表示建议某人做某事时，后面接的宾语从句要用“should＋动词原形”的虚拟语气。所以选C。6．A.moreB．extraC．beautifulD．expensive解析：选A。山上温度低，所以要多带些衣服。7．A.lowB．highC．mountainousD．top解析：选B。修饰海拔，用高或低。山上海拔相对来说是高而不是低。8．A.usuallyB．casuallyC．quicklyD．happily解析：选B。因为第一天，他们不着急赶时间，所以他们只是很悠闲随意地上山。9．A.pleasantB．pleaseC．hotD．cold解析：选A。天气不错。10．A.rainB．airC．viewD．plants解析：选B。享受新鲜空气。11．A.sunshineB．windC．stormD．cloud解析：选C。从句首but及下一句跑向山洞来看，天气变糟。12．A.climbingB．campingC．cyclingD．hunting解析：选A。第二天天气好转了，他们接着爬山。13．A.easyB．excitingC．tiredD．dangerous解析：选D。山越往高处爬会变得越危险。14．A.sideB．middleC．footD．top解析：选D。到达“山顶”，看到美景。15．A.tookB．restedC．spentD．walked解析：选C。他们在山里度过了一周时间。rest休息；spend度过；walk走路。-11-\n******************************************************结束Ⅰ.单项填空1．Notuntilthemotorbikelookedalmostnew________repairingandcleaningit.A．hestoppedB．didhestopC．stoppedheD．hedidstop2．Thereare________suppliesoffirewoodintheforest.A．muchB．abundantC．plentyD．many3．Heresigned________theboardofdirectorslastmonthandfoundanewjob.A．fromB．toC．asD．for4．Heundertook________theworkingconditions.A．improvingB．beingimprovedC．toimproveD．tobeimproved5．Shewas________byherhusband’ssuddendeathandlossofherpetdog.A．castdownB．castawayC．castoffD．castaside6．Shegotoffthebus，________twoheavysuitcases.A．burdenedB．burdeningC．burdenedwithD．burdeningwith7．—Haveyou________whatyouwanttoeat?—Notyet.A．chosenB．electedC．selectedD．picked8．Thenewlawhascomeinto________；surelyitwillhave________onindustryofthecountry.A．affect；aneffectB．effect；affectC．effect；aneffectD．aneffect；aneffect9．Itisunwiseto________yourgreaterknowledgeinfrontofthemanager.A．showinB．showoutC．showupD．showoff-11-\n10．—Wouldyoulike________withmeorwouldyourather________hereandwait?—Well，Ihaven’tmadeupmymindyet.A．togo；tostayB．going；stayingC．going；stayD．togo；stay11．—I’llnottakeanumbrellawithmetoday.—________itrainslaterintheday?A．HowcomeB．WhatC．HowaboutD．Whatif12．—HowdidyourstudentsexpresstheirthankstoyouonTeachers’Day?—Agift，togetherwithmanyflowers________senttomebymystudents.A．isB．areC．wasD．were13．Childrenneedfriends________theirownagetoplaywith.A．ofB．forC．inD．at14．Inordertofind________betterjob，hedecidedtostudy________secondforeignlanguage.A．the；aB．a；aC．the；theD．a；the15．—Itlooksheavy.CanIgiveyouahand?—________.A．No，thanksB．Yes，mypleasureC．No，nevermindD．Yes，Ido参考答案1.B2.B3.A4.C5.A6.C7.A8.C9.D10.D11.D12.C13.A14.B15.A*************************************************************结束Lookcloselyatyourhands-aretheyclean?Itdoesn'tmatterhowmanytimesyouwashyourhands,they'restillcrowdedwithmicrobes,whicharealsocalled"germs"or"bacteria".Microbesareeverywhere.Butdon'tworry-mostmicrobes-11-\ndon'tharmyou,andmanyactuallyhelpyoustayalive.Now,scientistssaythemicrobesthatliveonourhandscouldbeusefulinasurprisingway:fightingcrime.Whenpolicevisitthesceneofacrime,theyoftenlookforfingerprintstotrytoidentifythecriminal.Butaccordingtoarecentstudy,investigatorscouldevenusemicrobestohelpbreakacriminalcase.Everypersonhashisorherownsetofmicrobesthatliveontheirhands,accordingtoscientistsattheUniversityofColorado.Thatmeansthemixofdifferentkindsofmicrobesoneverybody'shandisunique-muchlikeone'sfingerprint.Thescientistswantedtoknowwhetherthismicrobemixcouldbeusedasanewkindoffingerprint-especiallyinacrimescenewherefingerprintsmightbehardtofind.Andpolicemenuseforensicssuchasstudyingfingerprintstoidentifythecriminal."Microbefingerprintsarehardertohide,"saidNoahFierer,oneofthescientists."Youcan'tsterilize(杀菌)asurfacejustbywipingitoff."Histeamcomparedthebacteriaonthehandsof273peopletothebacteriafoundoneachperson'scomputerkeyboard.Forthestudy,thekeyboardshadbeenusedonlybythepeoplewhowerebeingtested.Thestudyshowedthatthemixofmicrobesfromeachperson'shandsmatchedthemixofmicrobesonthatperson'skeyboard.Thescientistswereeasilyabletotellthe273peopleapart-justbylookingattheirkeyboards.Buttherearealotmorethan273criminals.Otherscientistswonderwhetherthemicrobefingerprintcanreallybethatuseful.Fiereragreesthatscientistshavealotmoreworktodobeforethemicrobefingerprintwillbeausefultool.67.Accordingtothepassage,microbesonpeople'shands.A.domoreharmthangoodB.arealmostthesameC.mighthelpsolvecrimesD.areeasytogetridof68.Theunderlinedword"forensics"inParagraph5probablyrefersto.A.anewkindoffingerprintB.thescientifictestusedbypolice-11-\nC.akindofbacteriainpeople'shandsD.akindofnewlyinventedkeyboard69.WhatdidFierer'steamfindthroughthestudy?A.Theycouldtellwhohadusedwhichcomputer.B.Theyfoundthecriminalamongthe237people.C.Computerkeyboardscouldn'tkeeppeople'smicrobefingerprintsD.People'shandscouldbeidentifiedbythekeyboardstheyused.70.Welearnfromthepassagethat.A.themicrobefingerprinthasbeenusedinmanycasesB.manyscientiststhinkmicrobefingerprintsuselessC.scientistswillcometoaclearconclusionsoonD.yourmicrobesmaygiveyouaway71.Thepassageismainlyabout.A.theimportanceoffingerprintsB.howtocleanourhandsC.differentgermsonourhandsD.theusefulnessofmicrobesCBADD**********************************************************结束Increasingly,Americansarebecomingtheirowndoctors,bygoingonlinetodiagnosetheirsymptoms,orderhomehealthtestsormedicaldevices,orevenself-treattheirillnesseswithdrugsfromInternetpharmacies(药店).Someavoiddoctorsbecauseofthehighcostofmedicalcare,especiallyiftheylackhealthinsurance.Ortheymaystaybecausetheyfinditembarrassingtodiscusstheirweight,alcoholconsumptionorcouchpotatohabits.Patientsmaya1sofearwhattheymightlearnabouttheirhealth,ortheydistrustphysiciansbecauseofnegativeexperiencesinthepast.Butplayingdoctorscanalsobeadeadlygame.Everyday,morethansixmillionAmericansturntotheInternetformedicalanswers---mostofthemaren'tnearlyskepticalenoughofwhattheyfind.A2022surveybythePewInternet&AmericanLifeProjectfoundthat72percentofthosesurveyedbelieveallormostofwhattheyreadonhealthwebsites.Theyshouldn't.Lookup-11-\n“headache”,andthechancesoffindingreliableandcompleteinformation,freefromamotivationforcommercialgain,areonlyoneinten,reportsanApril2022BrownMedicalSchoolstudy.Ofthel69websitestheresearchersrated,onlyl6scoredas“highquality”.Recentstudiesfoundfaultyfactsaboutallsortsofotherdisorders,causingoneresearchteamtowarnthatalargeamountofincomplete,inaccurateandevendangerousinformationexistsontheInternet.Theproblemisthatmostpeopledon'tknowthesafewaytosurftheWeb.“Theyuseasearchengine1ikeGoogle,getl8trillionchoicesandstartclicking.Butthat'srisky,becausealmostanybodycanputupasitethatlooksauthoritative(权威的),soit'shardtoknowWhetherwhatyou'rereadingisreasonableornot,”saysDr.SarahBassfromtheNationalCancerInstitute.72.Accordingtothetext,anincreasingnumberofAmericans.A.aresufferingfrommentaldisordersB.turntoInternetpharmaciesforhelpC.liketoplaydeadlygameswithdoctorsD.areskepticalaboutsurfingmedicalwebsites73.SomeAmericansstayawayfromdoctorsbecausethey.A.findmedicaldeviceseasytooperateB.prefertobediagnosedonlinebydoctorsC.areafraidtofacethetruthoftheirhealthD.areafraidtomisusetheirhealthinsurance74.AccordingtothestudyofBrownMedicalSchool.A.morethan6millionAmericansdistrustdoctorsB.only1/l0ofmedicalwebsitesaimtomakeaprofitC.aboutl/10ofthewebsitessurveyedareofhighqualityD.72%ofhealthwebsitesofferincompleteandfaultyfacts75.Whichofthefollowingistheauthor'smainargument?A.It'scheaptose1f-treatyourownillness.B.It'sembarrassingtodiscussyourbadhabits.C.It'sreasonabletoputupamedicalwebsite.-11-\nD.It'sdangeroustobeyourowndoctor.参考答案BCCD*************************************************结束LiuXiang,athlete,bornin1983LiuXiangmadehisnamebywinningthe110-meterhurdlesgoldmedalatthe2022SummerOlympicsinAthens.Thiswasthefirsttimeanathleteofnon-Africandescent(血统)hadgoneunder13secondsfortheevent.Inthesameyear,Liusetanew110-meterhurdlingworldrecordattheSuperGrandPrixinLausanne,withatimeof12.88seconds.LangLang,pianist,bornin1982LangLangbeganpianolessonsatagethree.HisfatherquithisjobtoaccompanyhisboytoBeijing.At11,LangLangwasawardedfirstprizeforhisoutstandingperformanceattheFourthInternationalYoungPianistsCompetitioninGermany.In1995,at13,hewonfirstplaceattheTchaikovskyInternationalYoungMusicians’CompetitioninJapan.At17,LangLangmadehisbreakthroughintheWestandhasperformedwithmanyoftheworld’smajororchestrassincethen.LiYuchun,singer,bornin1984Bornintoamiddle-classfamily,Liwasnotencouragedbyherparentstopursueacareerinentertainment.TheturningpointcamewhensheenteredtheSuperGirlcontestin2022.ThiscompetitiondrewthelargestaudiencesinChinesetelevisionhistory.Sheroseabove120,000applicantswithhertomboystyleandLatin-flavoredperformance.Herwincameasasurprisetomanypeoplebecauseshedidn’tfitthestereotypeoffemalesingers.Shehasmillionsoffansofallagesalloverthecountry.Herhaircutandmannershavebeencopiedbytensofthousandsofgirls.Herfirstalbumsoldmorethan430,000copiesinthefirstmonth.DingJunhui,snookerplayer,bornin1987-11-\nDingquitschoolat13,afterhisfatherinsistedheconcentrateonsnooker.HisparentsthensoldtheirhousetohelpDingkick-starthiscareer.InMarch2022,hecelebratedhis18thbirthdaybyreachingthefinaloftheChinaOpeninBeijing,alongthewaybeatingworldtop-16rankedplayersPeterEbdon,MarcoFuandKenDoherty.Inthefinal,hedefeatedthethenworldNo3,StephenHendry,rankingfirstinthetournament.Aftershootingtofame,questionswereraisedoverthefather’sdecisionforDingtoquitschool.60.Whoisthepassageintendedfor?A.PeopleonlyinterestedinChinaDaily.B.Childrenbornafterthe1980s.C.Studentsandtheyoungcrazyfans.D.Readersofallages.61.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.LiuXiangwasthefirsttoprovetheAsianscanequaltheAfricandescentinthehurdles.B.LiYunchun’stalentmadeherthebest-knownsingerinChina.C.DingJunhuiwasforcedtodropoutofschoolbecauseofhislowgrades.D.LangLangwasthemostpopularwiththestudentsinChina.62.Whowastheyoungestwhentheyrosetofame?A.LiYuchun.B.LiuXiang.C.DingJunhui.D.LangLang.60—62DAD*****************************************************结束Easter(复活节)isstillagreatdayforworship,candyinbasketsandrunningaroundtheyardfindingeggs,buteveryyearitgetsquiteabitworseforrabbits.Andno,notbecausethekidsliketopulltheirears.Theculpritisclimatechange,andsomeresearchersfoundthatrisingtemperaturesarchavingharmfuleffectsonatleastfivespeciesofrabbitintheUS.TaketheLowerKeysMarchrabbit,forinstance.Anendangeredspeciesthatlives-11-\nintheLowerFloridaKeys,thisspeciesofcottontailisagreatswimmer—itlivesontheislands!—butitisalreadyseverelyaffectedbydevelopmentandnowbyrisinglevels.AccordingtotheCenterforBiologicalDiversity,anoceanlevelriseofonly0.6meterswillsendtheseguysjumpingtohighergroundanda0.9-meterrisewouldwipeouttheirhabitat(栖息地)completely.Thesnowshoehare,ontheotherhand,hasacolorissue.Mostoftheserabbitschangetheirfurcolorfromwhiteinthewintertimetobrowninthesummer,eachdesignedtogivethembettercoverfrompredators（捕食者.Asthenumberofdayswithsnowdecreasesallacrossthecountry,however,moreandmorebunniesarcbeingleftinwhitefurduringbrowndirtdaysofbothfallandspring,makingthemaneasiermarkforpredators.Researchersknowthatthecolorchangeiscontrolledbythenumberofhoursofsunlight,butwhethertherabbitwillbeabletoadaptquickenoughtosurviveisabigquestion.TheNationalWildlifeFederationhasreportedthathuntershavenoticedtheirnumbersarealreadymarkedlydown.Americanpikasorrockrabbits,arelativeofrabbitsandhares,mightbethefirstofthesespeciestogoextinctduetoclimatechange.About7-8incheslong,pikaslivehighinthecool,dampmountainswestoftheRockyMountains.Asglobaltemperaturesrise,theywouldnaturallymigrate(迁徙)tohigherground—buttheyalreadyoccupythemountaintops.Theycan'tgoanyhigher.TheNationalWildlifeFederationreportsthattheymightnotbeabletostandthenewtemperaturesastheirhabitatbeatsup.Thevolcanorabbithasthesameproblem.TheserabbitsliveontheslopesofvolcanoesinMexico,andrecentstudieshaveshownthatthelowerrangeoftheirhabitathasalreadyshiftedupwardabout700meters,buttherearenotsuitableplantsforthemtomovehigher,sotheyarestuckinthemiddle.Scientistsareconcernedabouttheirpopulations.NativetotheUS,pygmyrabbitsweighlessthan1poundandliveintheAmericanWest.Theyarebelievedtobethesmallestrabbitsintheworld.Theirhabitatshavebeendestroyedbydevelopment.Severalpopulations,suchastheColumbiaBasinpygmy,almostwentextinctandweresavedbyzoobreedingprograms.Pygmyrabbitsalsorely-11-\nonwintercoverbydiggingtunnelsthroughthesnowtoescapepredators,butlessersnowfallisleavingthemexposed.AllofthisgivesnewmeaningtodressingupinagiantbunnycostumethisEaster.63ThewritermentionsEasteratthebeginningofthepassageinorderto_______.A.showtheimportanceofEasterDayB.introducetheissueaboutbunniesC.remindpeopleofEastertraditionsD.discusstherelationshipbetweenEasterandbunnies64.Theword"culprit"(Paragraph2)isclosestinmeaningto______.A.criminalB.judgeC.victimD.producer65.Accordingtothepassage,somerabbitscannowbeeasilyUncoveredbypredatorsbecausethey_______A.areexposedtomoreskillfulhuntersB.havemovedtohabitatswithfewerplantsC.haven'tadaptedthemselvestoclimatechangeD.can'tchangetheirfurcolorintowhiteinthefallandthespring66.Whichbestdescribesthewriter'stoneinthepostage?A.Approving.B.Concerned.C.Enthusiastic.D.Doubtful.参考答案-------------BACB*************************************************************结束-11-