江苏省南京市玄武区2022高考英语 暑假基础训练（7）

南京市玄武区2022高考英语（暑假基础训练（7）附答案Ⅰ.完形填空YUSHU，QinghaiVisionsofshakingschoolbuildingshauntthedreamsof18yearoldstudentBayang，whosaid“Eachdayseemedlikeayearafterthequake.Everytimesomeone__1__adoor，Ijumponmyfeetfearinganother__2__.”Sheisjustone__3__oftheearthquakethatstruckYushuonApril14.Morethan10daysafterthe7.1magnitudequake__4__mostofYushutomererubble(废墟瓦砾)，thousandsstillstrugglewith__5__andstress.Bayang，aseniorstudentoftheYushuPrefectureEthnicMiddleSchool，volunteeredaftertheearthquake，__6__uptents，helpingnursesgiveshotsanddistributingreliefsupplies.ShereturnedtoschoolonApril23asclasses__7__inmakeshifthousesonitsplayground.Butnightmareskeepthe18yearoldTibetangirl__8__atnight.“Idreamoftheearthshakingundermyfeetandschoolbuildingstrembling，”shesaid.FuWencai，headmasterofYushu’sHongqiElementarySchool，saidcounselingisamust，__9__fortheyoung.“__10__ofhomes，familiesand__11__，inadditiontoworriesofensuingaftershocks，arekeepingpeopleinfearandcausinginsomnia，”saidShen，whoishimselfasurvivorfromthe__12__thatstruckTangshanin1976.“ManypeopleinSichuanProvincesufferedfromsevere__13__aftertheWenchuanearthquakein2022，andsomeevenbecamesuicidal(想自杀的)，”hesaid.Hesaidpsychologicalcounselingshould__14__onhelpingquakevictimsfacewhatthey__15__inthequaketospeakoutabouthowtheyfeelandpinnewhopesonthefuture.1．A.locks　　　　　　　B．breaksC．kicksD．bangs解析：选D。bangsadoor意为“敲门”。2．A.earthquakeB．dreamC．manD．school解析：选A。表示再次发生“地震”。3．A.studentB．volunteerC．survivorD．victim解析：选C。玉树地震的“幸存者”之一。4．A.fellB．increasedC．reducedD．broke-13-\n解析：选C。reduce...to...表示“使……陷于/变成……状况”。5．A.joyB．anxietyC．sadnessD．excitement解析：选B。由andstress可知。6．A.settingB．sendingC．puttingD．holding解析：选A。分词短语作状语表示伴随，settinguptents为“搭帐篷”。7．A.resumed(重新)B．recoveredC．rebuiltD．returned解析：选A。classesresumed为“复课”。8．A.aliveB．afraidC．asleepD．awake解析：选D。awake为形容词作宾语补足语，keepsb.awake意为“让某人睡不着”。9．A.accidentallyB．reallyC．naturallyD．especially解析：选D。指“特别是”对年轻人来说，这是必须做的事。10．A.SomeB．LossC．ArrivalD．Plenty解析：选B。loss意为“损失”。11．A.chickensB．grainsC．moneyD．properties解析：选D。失去的是家园、家人和财物。12．A.floodB．fireC．earthquakeD．accident解析：选C。由常识可知，1976年中国唐山发生了“地震”。13．A.depressionB．impressionC．stressD．pressure解析：选A。depression精神上的不振，受伤，消沉。14．A.dependB．lookC．focusD．insist解析：选C。focuson强调把精力集中于。15．A.gainedB．lostC．hopedD．wanted解析：选B。结合上下文，lost表示地震中失去。-13-\n**********************************************************结束Ⅰ.单项填空1．(2022·福建厦门市毕业班质量检查)It’slearnedfromthePublicSecurityMinistrythatin2022，manyroadaccidents________drivingafterdrinkingalcohol.A．resultedin　　　　　　　　B．resultinginC．resultedfromD．resultingfrom解析：选C。resultin“导致，造成”；resultfrom“由……造成”。根据句意应选resultedfrom，在从句中作谓语动词。2．(2022·福州期末质检)Sosuddenly________thatpeoplehadnotimetoescape.A．didtheearthquakehappenB．theearthquakehappenedC．wastheearthquakehappenedD．theearthquakewashappened解析：选A。so...that...结构中，如果so及其修饰的形容词或副词位于句首，主句使用部分倒装。故选A。3．Forthebenefitofourfuturegeneration，it’sanecessitythatweshouldlive________nature.A．intermswithB．inagreementwithC．inharmonywithD．inlinewith解析：选C。考查介词短语辨析。intermswith从……方面；inagreementwith与……一致；inharmonywith与……协调一致；inlinewith与……成一排。liveinharmonywithnature是“与自然协调”的意思。4．________theiraimmayseemgood，theyprobablydonotrealizethatdietingcandoharmtotheirhealth.A．IfB．BecauseC．WhileD．When解析：选C。考查连词用法。句意：虽然他们的目的看起来不错，但他们可能没有意识到节食对他们的健康有害。while意为“虽然”，表上下句的转折关系。5．AlocalpublicityofficialsaidatramplingaccidenthappenedataprivateschoolinXiangtancity，HunanProvince，________eightdeadandtwentysix________.A．leave；injuredB．left；injuredC．leaving；injuringD．leaving；injured-13-\n解析：选D。句意：一个当地官员说，在湖南湘潭市一所私立学校发生了一起踩踏事故，造成8人死亡26人受伤。空一用leaving作状语表结果；空二为“leave＋宾语＋宾补”结构；twentysix与injure之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补，亦可理解为形容词作宾补。6．Thekeencompetitioninonlinegameindustryforcedthefirmswithpoorperformanceto________fromthemarket.A．withdrawB．benefitC．resultD．remove解析：选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：网上游戏行业的激烈竞争迫使一些业绩不好的公司退出市场。withdraw撤退，退出；benefit受益；result导致；remove从……移开，根据句意，A项为正确选项。7．(·盐城一调)Anewsurveyshowsthat54percentofAmericansdonottakeprescriptionmedicines________thoughtheyareimportanttotheirhealth.A．astheyinstructB．aswereinstructedC．astobeinstructedD．asinstructed解析：选D。由逻辑关系可知，as引导的从句应该用被动语态，D项为省略句，补全后句子为astheyareinstructed。8．—Whywereyoulateforsuchanimportantconcert?—Theplanearrivedattheairportaftera________ofthreehours.A．delayB．restC．tourD．request解析：选A。考查名词词义辨析。答句句意：——飞机耽搁了三个小时后才到达机场。delay耽搁，延误；rest休息；tour旅行；request请求。9．ManyfansaresocrazyaboutsomefamousmoviestarssuchasLiLianjie，ZhouXingchi，that________wherethestarsgo，theywillfollowthem.A．inspiteofB．incaseofC．regardlessofD．insearchof解析：选C。考查介词短语。句意：一些影迷对一些影星如李连杰、周星驰如此痴迷以至于不管影星们去哪儿，他们都追随他们。inspiteof尽管；incaseof以防；regardlessof不管，不顾；insearchof为了寻找。10．(2022·浙江省温州市高三五校联考)Whenyouareanewcomer，it’snaturaltofeeloutofplaceinthebeginning，but________thetemptation(诱惑)toengageinofficegossip(闲聊)．A．insistB．consistC．resistD．persist-13-\n解析：选C。句意：当你是一个新人时，在开始时感到自己有些格格不入是很自然的现象，但要管住自己不要加入办公室闲聊。insist坚持声称，坚持认为；consist组成；resist抵抗，忍耐，忍住(诱惑等)；persist坚持。11．TheWorldHealthOrganizationgaveawarningtothepublicwithoutany________whenthevirusofH1N1hitMexicoinApril,2022.A．delayB．effortC．scheduleD．consideration解析：选A。考查名词词义辨析。delay耽搁，延误；effort努力；schedule时间表；consideration考虑，体谅；关心。句意：当H1N1型2022年4月袭击墨西哥时，世界卫生组织毫不犹豫地向人们提出了警告。12．Scientistsareconvinced________thepositiveeffectoflaughter________physicalandmentalhealth.A．of;atB．by;inC．of;onD．on;at解析：选C。beconvincedof是固定短语，意为“使信服”；后面表示“对……的影响”，根据搭配，effect后应用介词on。13．Muchofthefarmisunderwater；________thegrain，mostofithasbeenruined.A．owingtoB．thankstoC．asforD．asof解析：选C。句意：大部分农田都被水淹没了，至于谷物，大部分也被毁了。owingto由于；thanksto多亏；asof自从；asfor“至于”，符合句意。14．HavingwonaseriesofmatchesagainstGermans，WangHaoandhispartners，togetherwithcoach，wavedtheirhandsexcitedlyto________thecheersofthecrowd.A．admitB．acknowledgeC．absorbD．consider解析：选B。句意：赢得了对德国队的几场比赛后王浩和他的队友、教练兴奋地挥手对大家的欢呼表示感谢。acknowledge在这里表示“就……表示感谢”。admit“承认”；absorb“吸收，使全神贯注”；consider“考虑，思考”。15．Hisabilityhasneverbeenindoubt—thequestionis________ornotheispreparedtoworkhard.A．thatB．ifC．whereD．whether解析：选D。考查表语从句的引导词。that和where不合题意，if不与ornot搭配。whether-13-\nornot为固定搭配，意为“是否”，符合句意。故选项D正确。**************************************结束Isvegfoodhealthierthannon-vegfood?Ifeelthisisaverycommontopicthatpeoplespeakon．Pleasegivemeyouropinionsonthistopic．Rao12-18-08Sofarasvegfoodisconcerned,itisalsoprovedtobeahealthyandnutritiousdiet,buthasveryfewitemswhichcanprovideuswithproteins,butifyouseenon-vegfoodlikeeggs,chicken,andmanymore,suchfoodshavealargecontentofproteinsinthem.Sai12-19-08Manbasicallyisherbivorous（食草的）.IfwelookattheanimalkingdomWecanseethatalltheherbivorousanimalshavethesimilardental（牙齿的）structure,whichclearlyshowsthatthehumanbeingalsooughttobevegetarianbybirth.Itisonlythelivingconditionsthatmakemancarnivorous（食肉的）.　Thevegetarianfoodsareeasilydigestible.Santos12-20-08Non-vegfooditemsarebetterthanvegitems.Ahealthypersonrequirescompletedietandveg+meatmakesthedietcomplete.Theonlycautionthatneedstobetakenisnottohavenon-vegitemsonadailybasis.Onceinaweekorcoupleofweekswillbebest.-13-\nKrishna01-03-09Whenweeatnon-veg,weareallvegbynature.Thechickenthatweeatfeedsongrains,themuttonthatweeatfeedsongrass,andthefishthatweeatfeedsonsimpleplants.Sonon-vegfoodbylogic（逻辑）isbetterandsuitedforhaumanbeings.Khan01-05-09　Non-vegfoodisequallyimportantinourdietasithelpsinmanyways,especiallyfishandotherseafoodasfishcontainsomega3whichmakesourimmunesystem（免疫系统）stronger.Doyouknowthatmostofthevegfoodputtogetherdoesnotcontainasmuchomega3asfishalonecontains!68．AccordingtoRao,whatistheproblemwithvegfood?A．Itdamagesourimmunesystem.　B．Ithasfewnutrients.C．Itcontainstoomuchomega3.D．Itislackinginprotein.69．IntheopinionofSai,humansarebornvegetarianbecausehumans.A．havethesameteethstructureasplant-eatinganimalsB．believethatvegfoodsaregoodfortheirteethC．belongtotheplant-eatinganimalfamilyD．canadapttothelivingconditionslikeplant-eatinganimals70．WhatadviceisgivenbySantos?　A．Tohaveadailyveg+meatdiet.　B．Nottoeatnon-vegfoodeveryday.-13-\nC．Toeatdigestiblefoodeveryday.D．Nottoeatfoodwithoutprotein.参考答案66—70ACDAB**************************************************结束Thereisonetypeofillnessintheworldthataffectsmorepeoplethananythingelseandisverydeadly.Ifuntreatedthisillnesscouldaffecteverythingyoudo.Whatisthisillness?Depression.Seriousdepressionrequiresprofessionaltreatment.Self-induceddepressionissomethingeachofuscanchange.Everyone'scircumstancesaredifferent,butthecausesofself-induceddepressionarecommon:lowself-esteem,hurtfulthinkingandabadattitude.Sohowcanwechangethewaywethink,feel,andcultivateacheerfulattitude?Firstwemustlookatourselves,trulyandhonestlyexaminingourmotivesforwhatwewishtoachieve.Ifyouaredissatisfiedbecauseyoufeelyouhaven'torcan'tdoanything,thenonestepisneeded-tosetgoals.Alwaysstartyourgoalsrelativelysmallandeasytoattain.Thinkofthemassand;onegrainmaybeinsignificantbutasagrouptheyformthebeach.Onceyouhavesetandattainedsmallgoalsforyourself,moveontoslightlylarger,morechallenginggoals.Ittakesmorethanjustsettinggoalstobehappy.Ittakespositivethinking.Howcanweattainthis?Thereareanumberoffactorsthatcanmakeusthinknegativelyandoneofthoseisdiet.Inmyopinion,apersonwhoeatsalotoftakeoutandfastfoodisfeedingtheirbodyjunk.StartbyeatingbetterfoodswhichgivethebodymuchNEEDEDminerals.Ifyourphysicalbodyishappy,it'smucheasierforyourmentalbodyor"thinking-13-\nability"tobehappy.Next,exercise.Ahalf-houradayisrecommendedforpositivewellbeing.Thenthinkaboutgoodmemoriesyouhad,orgenerallythinkofthingsthatmakeyousmile.Remember,everythingyouwearcostsmoneybuttowearasmileisfree.Asmilecanbethedifferencebetweenanaveragedayandagreatday.Ifyoufollowthesesteps,positivechangeisinevitable.62.WhichofthestatementsaboutdepressionisTRUE?A.Depressionisakindofillnessthatcan’tbecuredlikesomecancer.B.Depressioncanallbecuredsuccessfullybypatientsthemselves.C.Thosewhosufferfromdepressionfeeldissatisfiedwiththemselves.D.Thosewhosufferfromdepressionliveinsimilarcircumstances.63.Accordingtothepassagewecanlearnthat____________.A.apracticalgoalcanhelppeopletoachieveasenseofsuccessB.weshouldn’tbesatisfiedwithsmallgoalsthatareinsignificantC.weshouldavoidchallenginggoalsthatmayleadtofailureD.peoplecanenjoyhappinessonlyiftheysetreasonablegoals64.InordertoachievepositivethinkingapersonshoulddothesethingsEXCEPT____________.A.setchallenginggoalsB.eathealthierfoodsC.exercisehalfanhouradayD.alwayswearasmile65.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Toprovetheargumentthatdepressioncanbechanged.B.Toanalyzethedangerdepressioncanbringtopeople.C.Tointroducetoreadershowtokeeppositivethinking.D.Torecommendsomewaystodealwithdepression.参考答案----------62C63A64A65D*******************************************************结束-13-\nBeautyhasalwaysbeenregardedassomethingpraiseworthy.Almosteveryonethinksattractivepeoplearehappierandhealthier，havebettermarriagesandhavemorerespectableoccupations.Personalconsultantsgivethembetteradviceforfindingjobs.Evenjudgesaresofteronattractivedefendants(被告)．Butintheexecutivecircle，beautycanbecomealiability.Whileattractivenessisapositivefactorforamanonhiswayuptheexecutiveladder，itisharmfultoawoman.Handsomemaleexecutiveswerethoughtashavingmoreintegritythanplainermen；effortandabilitywerethoughttoaccountfortheirsuccess.Attractivefemaleexecutiveswereconsideredtohavelessintegritythanunattractiveones；theirsuccesswasattributednottoabilitybuttofactorssuchasluck.Allunattractivewomenexecutiveswerethoughttohavemoreintegrityandtobemorecapablethantheattractivefemaleexecutives.Interestingly，though，theriseoftheunattractiveovernightsuccesseswasattributedmoretopersonalrelationshipsandlesstoabilitythanthatofattractiveovernightsuccesses.Whyareattractivewomennotthoughttobeable？Anattractivewomanisthoughttobemorefeminineandanattractivemanmoremasculine(有男子气概的)thanthelessattractiveones.Thus，anattractivewomanhasanadvantageintraditionallyfemalejobs，butanattractivewomaninatraditionallymasculinepositionappearstolackthe“masculine”qualitiesrequired.Thisistrueeveninpolitics.“Whentheonlyclueishowheorshelooks，peopletreatmenandwomendifferently，”saysAnneBowman，whorecentlypublishedastudyontheeffectsofattractivenessonpoliticalcandidates.Sheasked125undergraduatestudentstoranktwogroupsofphotographs，oneofmenandoneofwomen，inorderofattractiveness.Thestudentsweretoldthephotographswereofcandidatesforpoliticaloffices.Theywereaskedtorankthemagain，intheordertheywouldvoteforthem.Theresultsshowedthatattractivemalesutterlydefeatedunattractivemen，butthewomenwhohadbeenrankedmostattractiveinvariablyreceivedthefewestvotes.66．Theunderlinedword“liability”(inPara.1)mostprobablymeans“________”．A．misfortuneB．instabilityC．disadvantageD．burden67．Intraditionallyfemalejobs，attractiveness________.A．reinforces(加强)thefemininequalitiesrequired-13-\nB．makeswomenlookmorehonestandcapableC．isofprimaryimportancetowomenD．oftenenableswomentosucceedquickly68．Bowman'sexperimentrevealsthatwhenitcomestopolitics，attractiveness________.A．turnsouttobeanobstacletomenB．affectsmenandwomenalikeC．hasaslittleeffectonmenasonwomenD．ismoreofanobstaclethanabenefittowomen69．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatpeople'sviewsonbeautyareoften________.A．practicalB．prejudicedC．oldfashionedD．pessimistic70．Theauthorwritesthispassageto________.A．demandequalrightsforwomenB．emphasizetheimportanceofappearanceC．discussthenegativeaspectsofbeingattractiveD．giveadvicetojobseekerswhoareattractive参考答案66．C　67．A　68．D　69．B　70．C　**********************************************************结束Withmanycollegegraduatesstrugglingtofindjobs,oneofthemostimportantforyoutounderstandisthatyou’reinschoolallyourlife.Infact,yourrealeducationisjustbeginning.I’dliketopassonafewlessonsthatyoudidn’tnecessarilygetinschool.Ifyou’vebeenoutofschoolforafewyearsoralotofyears,theycouldstillteachyousomething.·Developrelationshipsandkeepnetworking.IfIhadtonameasinglecharacteristicsharedbyallthetrulysuccessfulpeopleI’vemet,I’dsayitistheabilityto-13-\ncreateandnurture(培育)networksofcontacts.Startstrengtheningyourrelationshipsnow,sothatthey’llbeinplacewhenyoureallyneedthemlater.Intheclassroomitwasmostlyaboutindividualperformance.Successinrealliferequiresrelationships.·Setgoals.Askanywinnerwhatthekeytohisorhersuccesswas,andyou’llhearfourconsistentmessages:vision,determination,persistence,andsettinggoals.Ifyoudon’tsetgoalsanddeterminewhereyou’regoing,howwillyouknowwhenyougetthere?Goalsgiveyoumorethanareasontogetupinthemorning;theyareanincentive(激励)tokeepyougoingallday.·Senseofhumor.I’mafirmbelieverinusinghumor,thoughnotnecessaryjokes.Agoodsenseofhumorhelpsoneunderstandtheunconventional(非传统的),toleratetheunpleasant,andovercometheunexpected.Thereareplentyoftimestobeserious,butIbelievethatkeepingthingslightandcomfortableencouragesbetterteamwork.·Volunteer.Itmightbehardtodoalotofvolunteerworkatfirst,butpeoplewhohelpothersonaregularbasishaveahealthieroutlookonlife.60.Bysaying“yourrealeducationisjustbeginning”,theauthorwantsto.A.explainwhyit’sdifficultforcollegegraduatestofindjobsB.showtheimportanceofsocialexperience,besidesschooling,ineducationC.advisestudentstovaluetheirtimeatschool,andtostudyhard　D.advisecollegegraduatestofacebravelytheproblemstheymayencounter(遭遇)61.Youshouldstarttostrengthenyourrelationshipsnowbecause.A.itwilltakeyoutimetodevelopthembeforeyouneedthem-13-\nB.youmayhavegottenusedtobeingjudgedasanindividual,andneedtochangeC.successfulpeoplehavenotimetodeveloprelationshipswithyouD.youneedtospendalotoftimelearningtheimportanceofgoodrelationships　62.Theauthorbelievesthatbeinghumorousmeansthatyou.A.shouldpreparejokestobeusedinvarioussituationsB.candealwithdifficultsituationsinaneasyandcomfortablewayC.canshowyourdifferencefromothersandbeabletosucceed　D.shouldsmileallthetimeandavoidbeingseriousonanyoccasion　63.Thetargetreadersofthispassageareprobably.A.educationalexpertsB.peoplewhowanttochangejobs　C.collegegraduateswhohavejustleftschoolD.highschoolstudentswhoarestillatschool66—70ACDAB*********************************************************结束-13-