江苏省南京市秦淮区2022高考英语 暑假作业 基础训练（10）

南京市秦淮区2022高考英语（暑假基础训练（10）附答案Ⅰ.完形填空Onedayapoliceofficermanagedtogetsomefreshmushrooms.Hewasso__1__withwhathehadboughtthatheofferedto__2__themushroomswithhisbrotherofficers.Whentheirbreakfastarrivedthenextday，eachofficerfoundsomemushroomsonhisplate.“Letthedog__3__apiecefirst，”suggestedone__4__officerwhowasafraidthatthemushroomsmightbepoisonous.Thedogseemedto__5__hismushrooms，andtheofficersthenbegantoeattheirmealsayingthatthemushroomshadaverystrangebutquitepleasanttaste.Anhourlater，however，theywereallastonishedwhenthegardenerrushedinandsaid__6__thedogwasdead.__7__，theofficersjumpedintotheircarsandrushedintothenearesthospital.Pumps(泵)wereusedandtheofficershadavery__8__timegettingridofthemushroomsthat__9__intheirstomachs.Whenthey__10__tothepolicestation，theysatdownandstartedto__11__themushroompoisoning.Eachmanexplainedthepainsthathehadfeltandtheyagreedthatthesehadgrownworseontheirwaytothehospital.Thegardenerwascalledtotellthewayinwhichthepoordoghaddied.“Didit__12__muchbeforedeath？”askedoneoftheofficers，feelingvery__13__thathehadescapeda__14__deathhimself.“No，”answeredthegardener，lookingrather__15__.“Itwaskilledthemomentacarhitit.”1．A.angry　　　　　　B．carefulC．pleasedD．embarrassed解析：选C。从上文中managedtoget(表示好不容易买到新鲜蘑菇)，及后文offerto(＝expresswillingnessto)可知此处应选C项，意为：对……感到满意(＝satisfiedwith)。2．A.shareB．growC．washD．cook解析：选A。由下文所发生的一切可知，此处应选A项，表示要与brotherofficers一起分享蘑菇的美味。3．A.checkB．smellC．tryD．examine解析：选C。tryapiece＝tryeatinga11\npiece；蘑菇的毒性是闻不出来的，故排除B项，另外可参见下文(这只狗吃了蘑菇)。4．A.frightenedB．shyC．cheerfulD．careful解析：选D。这位军官建议先让狗吃吃看，担心蘑菇会有毒，由此可见他很细心。5．A.refuseB．hateC．wantD．enjoy解析：选D。下文“theofficersthenbegantoeattheirmeal”可知，这只狗enjoy(eating)hismushroom。6．A.cruellyB．curiouslyC．seriouslyD．finally解析：选C。警官们大为吃惊，因为园丁冲进来，很严肃很认真地说那条狗死了。7.A.ImmediatelyB．CarefullyC．SuddenlyD．Slowly解析：选A。一听到狗死了，警官们立刻跳进车内，急驶向医院，C项表示没有预兆就发生了，故应排除。8．A.hardB．busyC．excitingD．unforgettable解析：选A。用洗胃器清除胃里的蘑菇，肯定是不好受的。haveahardtime(in)doingsth.＝havedifficulty(in)doingsth.。9．A.stoppedB．droppedC．settledD．remained解析：选D。remainedintheirstomachs＝wereleftintheirstomachs残留在胃里的蘑菇。10．A.hurriedB．droveC．wentD．returned解析：选D。return＝goback表示从医院回到警察局。11.A.studyB．discussC．recordD．remember解析：选B。有下文可知，他们回来后开始讨论所吃蘑菇的毒性。12.A.sufferB．eatC．harmD．spit解析：选A。警官们以为狗是中毒死的，所以问：“狗死前，它遭受了很多痛苦吗？”13．A.proudB．pleasedC．amusedD．embarrassed11\n解析：选B。逃脱一死，十分开心。14．A.strangeB．painfulC．peacefulD．natural解析：选B。中毒死是痛苦的，且上文中用了suffer一词。15．A.happyB．interestedC．surprisedD．excited解析：选C。园丁对警官问的问题感到吃惊，因为他知道狗死的真相——被撞死的。********************************************************结束Ⅰ.单项填空1．(2022·山东省实验中学诊断)Whatwasconsideredimpoliteyearsagohasbecome__________now.A．accessible　　　　　　　B．adjustableC．unbelievableD．acceptable解析：选D。考查形容词辨析。accessible意为“易接近的，可理解的”；adjustable意为“可调整的”；unbelievable意为“难以相信的”；acceptable意为“可接受的”。句意：多年前被认为不礼貌的事情现在已经开始逐渐被接受了。根据句意可知，应选D项。2．(2022·山东省实验中学一模)I’mafraidI’mnot__________tohelpwiththeshow，forIamfullyoccupiedwithmyownproject.A．acceptableB．adaptableC．availableD．accessible解析：选C。考查形容词。acceptable值得接受的，可接受的；adaptable可适应的，有适应能力的；available有空的，空闲的，有时间的；accessible容易取得的，可接近的。句意：恐怕我不能在这次展览上帮忙了，因为我正忙于自己的项目。故选C项。3．(2022·济南模拟)IkeeponwalkingaftersupperbecauseIcan’tthinkofa__________waytokeepfit.A．betterB．bestC．worseD．worst解析：选A。考查形容词比较级。句意：我坚持晚饭后散步，因为我想不到比这更好的保持健康的方法了。根据语境可知，A项正确。4．(2022·淄博模拟)Thegovernmentshoulddevelop________systemtopredictwhenwildfiresoccurandgivewarningsintime.11\nA．previousB．reliableC．reasonableD．responsible解析：选B。考查形容词词义辨析。previous意为“以前的；早先的”；reliable意为“可靠的”；reasonable意为“合理的”；responsible意为“负责的”。句意：政府应开发出可靠的预测系统，以便火灾发生时能及时发出警报。故B项正确。5．(2022·临沂质量检测)—Jennyisalways__________forappointments.Whyisshelatetoday?—Shemighthavegottrappedinatrafficjamintherushhour.A．patientB．gratefulC．punctualD．available解析：选C。考查形容词词义辨析。patient意为“有耐心的”；grateful意为“感激的”；punctual意为“准时的”；available意为“有效的，可利用的”。句意：——Jenny约会总是很准时，今天她怎么迟到了？——她可能碰到上下班高峰期的交通堵塞了。根据语境可知。此处用punctual。即C项正确。6．(2022·辽宁期中测试题)Thelittlegirlcouldn’tworktheproblemout.Shewasn’t________clever.A．thatB．muchC．enoughD．rather解析：选A。句意：那个小女孩解不出这道题。她没那么聪明。that作副词时，相当于so；much常修饰形容词或副词的比较级以及动词；enough用在形容词或副词后；rather相当。7．(2022·盐城第二次调研)—Whodoyouhaveinmindfortheposition?—IthinkPeteristhemost________personforit.A．generousB．likelyC．optimisticD．voluntary解析：选B。考查形容词辨析。句意：——你觉得谁适合那个职位？——我认为彼得最合适。likely“合适的，恰当的”，符合语意。generous“慷慨的，大方的”；optimistic“乐观的”；voluntary“自愿的，义务的”。8．(2022·太原市部分重点中学检测)Itisreportedthatanewplanethasbeendiscoveredrecently.It’s________Earth，andhopefullyitcansupporthumanlife.A．almostthreetimesthesizeofB．threetimesthesizethanC．threetimesalmostaslargethan11\nD．almostthreetimesaslargeras解析：选A。考查倍数表达法。倍数表达法要注意三种结构：Ais＋倍数＋thesize/height/weight/...of＋B；Ais＋倍数＋bigger/larger/...than＋B；Ais＋倍数＋asbig/large/...as＋B。故A项的表达正确。9．(2022·山西太原模拟)Look！Howmuch________Alicelookswearinghernewshowdress!A．wellB．goodC．betterD．best解析：选C。考查形容词的比较级。much后面不能接形容词的原级和最高级，而应该用形容词的比较级，结合语意选C项。10．(2022·潍坊5月份训练)Thenewdiscoverychallengedthe__________theoryaboutlife’sorigins.A．conventionalB．particularC．contraryD．casual解析：选A。考查形容词辨析。句意：这个新发现向生命起源的传统理论提出了挑战。conventional意为“习惯的；传统的”，符合题意。particular意为“特别的”；contrary意为“相反的；不利的”；casual意为“随意的”。*********************************************************结束Ajoblessmanappliedforthepositionof“officeboy”atMicrosoft.TheHRmanagerinterviewedhimandthenwatchedhimcleaningthefloorasatest.“Youareemployed,”hesaid.“Givemeyoure-mailaddressandI’llsendyoutheapplicationtofillin,aswellasdatewhenyoumaystart.”Themanreplied，“ButIdon’thaveacomputer,neitherane-mail.”“I’msorry，”saidtheHRmanager.“Ifyoudon’thaveane-mail，thatmeans,youdonotexist.Andwhodoesn’texistcannothavethejob.”Themanleftwithnohopeatall.Hedidn'tknowwhattodowithonlytendollarsinhispocket.Hethendecidedtogotothesupermarketandbuy10kgtomatoes.Hethensoldthetomatoesfromdoortodoor.Inlessthantwohours,hesucceededtodoublehiscapital.Herepeatedtheoperationthreetimes,andreturnedhomehappily11\nwith60dollars.Themanrealizedthathecouldsurviveinthisway,andstartedtogoeverydayearlier,andreturnlate.Thus,hismoneydoubledortripledeveryday.Shortly,heboughtacart,thenatruck,andthenhehadhisownfleetofdeliveryvehicles.Fiveyearslater,themanisoneofthebiggestfoodretailers(销售商)intheUS.Hestartedtoplanhisfamily’sfutureanddecidedtohavealifeinsurance.Hecalledaninsurancebroker（经纪人）andchoseaprotectionplan.Whentheconversationwasconcludedthebrokeraskedhimhise-mail.Themanreplied,“Idon’thaveane-mail.”Thebrokeransweredcuriously,“Youdon’thaveane-mail,andyethavesucceededtobuildanempire.Canyouimaginewhatyoucouldhavebeenifyouhadane-mail?"Themanthoughtforawhileandreplied,“Yes，I’dbeanofficeboyatMicrosoft!”56.Theunderlinedword“tripled”canbereplacedby.A.becamelargeB.became3timesC.increasedquicklyD.decreasedquickly57.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Themanisoneofthebiggestfoodretailersintheworld.B.Themandidn’tgiveupthoughhefailedtheinterview.C.HestartedhiscareerbysellingtomatoesintheSupermarket.D.Thosewhohavee-mailscanworkatMicrosoft.58.Themancanbedescribedas.A.helpfulandconsiderateB.positiveandgenerousC.smartandhardworkingD.stubbornandunselfish59.Whichproverbcanbestdescribethestory?A.Misfortunemaybeanactualblessing.B.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.C.Accidentswillhappen.D.Nopains,nogains.11\n●An8-year-oldgirlwasdraggedabout900feetbyaschoolbustodayinLivingstonCounty.AccordingtoStatePolice,theincidentoccurredabout2：40pmonStateRoute436inthetownofOssianafterthreesistersweredroppedoffthebus.Asthelastsisterwasleavingthebus,driverJohnColey,62,ofWayland,SteubenCounty,toldthepolicethathewasnotpayingattentionwhenheclosedthedoorandtrappedherbackpackinside.Coleythencontinued900feetbeforeherealizedthegirlwasbeingdragged,StatePolicesaid.ThegirlwashurtandwastransportedtoNicholasHNoyesMemorialHospitalinDansville，LivingstonCounty,byDansvilleAmbulance.Another8-year-oldchildonthebussaidhehithisheadontheseatinfrontofhimwhenthebuscametoasuddenstop,causinganearache.●ConservationstaffinNewZealandhaveputdown33stranded（搁浅的）whalesafterseveralattemptstorefloatthemfailed.ThewhaleswereshotonFarewellSpitontheSouthIsland.DepartmentofConservationareamanagerJohnMasonsaysstaffandhundredsofvolunteershadtriedallweektogetthewhalesrefloated.HesaystheythoughttheyweresuccessfulonWednesdaywhentheygotthewhalesintodeepwater——butweresaddenedonThursdaytofindthattheyhadswumbackashore.Hesaystheconditionofthewhaleshadsignificantlybecomeworse.Aswellasthe33whalesthatwereshot，36haddiednaturallysinceMondayand17weresuccessfullyrefloated.13remainunknown.60.Thelastsisterwasdraggedbythebusbecause______________.A.shestoodtooclosetothebuswhengettingoffB.thebusdriverstoppedthebussuddenlyC.somethingwaswrongwiththebusdoor11\nD.herbackpackwasstuckinthecloseddoor61.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstnewsthat______________．A.threesistersweredraggedabout900feetbyaschoolbusB.thedriverstoppedthebusimmediatelyherealizedhismistakeC.twochildrenwerehurtandsenttohospitalD.aboywashurtwhenthebusstartedsuddenly62.Howmanywhalesweretrappedashoreintotal?A.33.B.36.C.99.D.13.63.The33refloatedwhalesreturnedashoreon______________.A.MondayB.TuesdayC.WednesdayD.ThursdayMorethanhalfofrichAmericanshavenotshowntheirfullwealthtotheirchildren,anewsurveyshowedlastTuesday.Thesurvey,publishedbytheBankofAmerica,studiedtherichwith＄3millionormoreinpossessions.Itfoundthat“surprisinglyfewofthosesurveyedhavewell-developedplanstopreserveandpassontheirpossessionstotheirchildren”.Themajorityofthe457peoplesurveyedareself-made,first-generationrich.Fifty-twopercentofparentshavenotchosennottotelltheirchildrenjusthowwealthytheyare，and15percenthavegivenawaynothingaboutthefamilywealth.Oneinthreeparentssaidtheyhadneverthoughttodoit.Theyareworriedthattheirchildrenwouldbecomelazy,spendmoneyfreely，makebaddecisionsandevenbecomeatargetforattractivewomenwhousetheirlookstogetmoneyfromrichmen.Only34percentstronglyagreedthattheirchildrenwouldbeabletohandleanyinheritance（遗产）theyplantoleavethem.11\n“Thereisanexpectationaboutthewealthyparentsthattheyhavearesponsibilitytopassdowntheirfortunetothenextgeneration,”saidSallieKrawcheck，presidentoftheGlobalWealthandInvestmentManagementoftheBankofAmerica.“Ourresearch,however,uncoveredchangingviewsofwhatonegenerationowesthenext.”Thetrendisledbytheworld’srichestmanBillGates,whopromisedin2022thathewouldleavehis$58billionfortunetothecharitystartedbyhimandhiswife,theBillandMelindaGatesFoundation（基金会），andnottohischildren.“Wewanttogiveitbacktosocietyinthewaythatitwillhavethemostpositiveeffect,”hesaid.Ofhisplansforhischildren,Gatessaid:“Iwillgivethekidssomemoneybutnotameaningfulpercentage…theywillneedtoworkbuttheywillfeelreasonablytakencareof.”64.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.A.richparentsmaynotknowhowtomanagetheirinheritanceB.richparentsdon’tequalrichkids,atleastintheUSC.Americanchildrendon’tgettoinherittheirparents’wealthD.poorchildrendon’texpectthemselvestobeasrichastheirparents65.Accordingtothesurvey,mostrichAmericans．A.thinktheyowetheirchildrennothingB.thinkitbesttogivetheirmoneybacktosocietyC.doubttheirchildren’sabilitytohandlewealthD.areconfidentoftheirchildren’sabilitytohandlewealth66.Theunderlinedword“they”inParagraph6refersto．A.responsiblechildrenB.BillGatesandhiswifeC.first-generationrichD.richparents67.Fromthelastparagraph，wecanseethatBillGateswantstoshow.A.thetrendofleavingnoinheritancetochildrenB.thepositiveeffectofcharityonsocietyC.thewayofgivingbacktosociety11\nD.theimportanceofindependenceforchildrenItisdifficultfordoctorstohelpapersonwithadamagedbrain.Withoutenoughblood,thebrainlivesforonlythreetofiveminutes.Moreoftenthedoctorscan’tfixthedamage.Sometimestheyareafraidtotrysomethingtohelpbecauseitisdangeroustoworkonthebrain.Thedoctorsmightmakethepersonworseifheoperatesonthebrain.Dr.RobertWhite,afamousprofessoranddoctor,thinksheknowsawaytohelp.Hethinksdoctorsshouldmakethebrainverycold.Ifitisverycold,thebraincanlivewithoutbloodfor30minutes.Thisgivesthedoctoralongertimetodosomethingforthebrain.Dr.Whitetriedhisideaon13monkeys.Firsthetaughtthemtododifferentjobs,thenheoperatedonthem.Hemadethemonkeys'bloodgothroughamachine.Themachinecooledtheblood.Thenthemachinesentthebloodbacktothemonkeys’brains.Whenthebrain’stemperaturewas10°C,Dr.Whitestoppedthebloodtothebrain.After30minutesheturnedthebloodbackon.Hewarmedthebloodagain.Aftertheiroperationsthemonkeyswereliketheyhadbeenbefore.Theywerehealthyandbusy.Eachonecouldstilldothejobsthedoctorhadtaughtthem.63.Thebiggestdifficultyinoperatingonthedamagedbrainisthat_______.A.thedamageisextremelyhardtofixB.thepatientsareoftentoonervousC.thetimeistooshortfordoctorsD.theblood-coolingmachinemightbreakdown64.Thebrainoperationwasmadepossiblemainlyby_______.A.takingthebloodoutofthebrainB.loweringthebrain’stemperatureC.havingthebloodgothroughamachineD.tryingtheoperationonmonkeysfirst65.WithDr.White’snewidea,theoperationonthedamagedbrain_______.11\nA.canhelpmonkeysdodifferentjobsB.cankeepthebrain’sbloodwarmC.cankeepthepatient’sbrainhealthyD.canlastaslongas30minutes66.Whatistherightorderofthestepsintheoperation?a.sendthecooledbloodbacktothebrainb.stopthebloodtothebrainc.havethebloodcooleddownd.operateonthebrainA.c,a,b,dB.a,b,c,dC.c,b,d,aD.b,c,d,aC----63.C64.B65.D66.A****************************************************结束11