江苏省南京市秦淮区2022高考英语 暑假作业 基础训练（1）

南京市秦淮区2022高考英语（暑假基础训练（1）附答案Ⅰ.完形填空Weallknowthatthepracticeofyogameditationcanbenefitusin,boththephysicalandthementaldisciplines.Andsuch__1__havegrownsovastthatithasbravedthetestoftime.Aclassic,sotospeak.Andhealthyrelationshipsthroughyogameditation(沉思)isachievable.Andthepracticeofsuchdoesnotonly__2__withmeditationsorflexibility,italsohelpsitspractitionersinachievingahealthyrelationship.Asyoupractiseyogameditation,youlearnhowto__3__yourbody.Youlearntheimportanceofbeingfitandenjoyitsbenefits.Withthis,onelearnstheimportanceofrespect,whichisveryvitalina__4__relationship.Thiswordhereisanimportantfactor,animportantkey__5__thesuccessofarelationship.Withyogameditation,onelearnsflexibility(灵活性).Firstthistermwouldonly__6__tothephysicalaspect.__7__laterastheyogameditationpractitionerprogresses,heslowlyunderstandsthemeaningofhisactivity__8__itsphysicalaspectalone.Helearnsthathecanapply__9__hehaslearnednotonlyinitsexercisestatebutalsointhelifeaswell.Flexibilitynowbecomesanappliedcharacter.Sothepractitionernowhasa__10__senseofunderstandingandisnowcapableof__11__well,bothinacrowdorinarelationshipaswell.InheretheyogapractitionerlearnsRESPECT!Duringthepracticeofyoga,one__12__MindPower!Akeyingredient(原料),tobetterequipapersoninhis/herjourneythroughlife.Inhereonelearnshowtocope,adjustandevenknowwhentofightbackin__13__thechallengesinlife.Intherelationshipspointofview,ayogapractitionercanapplytheconceptofMindPower,byshowingtohis/herpartnerthathe/sheknowshowto__14__his/heremotions,aswellastheyogapractitionerknowswhenwillbethepropertimetoreact__15__acertainsituation.Inthepracticeofyogameditation,onelearnstheconceptoffulfillmentorsharedhappinessasagoal,andthiscanbelearnedthroughsharedloveandthoughtfulness.【文章大意】　瑜伽从东南亚传播到全世界.瑜伽在中国各个美容院和健身中心也得到大力推广.它的宁静让人放松进入冥想,可以强身健体.1．A.customs　　　　　　B．practicesC．drillsD．habits解析:选B.从上文的practiceofyogameditation得到暗示,故选B.10\n2．A.limitB．helpC．dealD．start解析:选A.从下文可知,瑜伽主要是通过冥想和柔韧性进行锻炼,所以“这种练习是受到冥想和柔韧性限制的”,故选A.3．A.protectB．cureC．massageD．respect解析:选D.根据下文Withthis,onelearnstheimportanceofrespect可知是“在练习瑜伽冥想时,你学会怎么尊敬你的身体”,故选D.4．A.strongB．healthyC．goodD．fixed解析:选B.上文提到inahealthyrelationship,故选B.5．A.toB．withC．forD．in解析:选A.thekeytosth.……的关键.固定用法,故选A.6．A.leadB．referC．turnD．face解析:选B.句意为“首先这个词涉及身体方面”.referto涉及,故选B.7．A.soB．andC．butD．or解析:选C.上句表达“首先这个词涉及身体方面”,下句表达“不久随着冥想练习者的进步……”,前后是转折关系,故选C.8．A.withinB．beyondC．pastD．over解析:选B.句意为“……慢慢地理解这项活动超越身体方面的意义”,故选D.9．A.thatB．whichC．whereD．what解析:选D.动词apply后面接宾语从句,而且宾语从句中动词learn缺少宾语,则以what代之,故选D.10．A.widerB．broaderC．biggerD．larger解析:选B.一个更宽广的理解感觉.broad宽广的,故选B.11．A.knowingB．respectingC．fightingD．adjusting解析:选D.从下段howtocope,adjust,可知是“有很好的适应能力”,10\ncapable和介词of连用,故选D.12．A.developsB．growsC．transfersD．distributes解析:选A.在瑜伽练习中,人们开发了大脑的力量.develop开发,故选A.13．A.meetingB．facingC．acceptingD．exploring解析:选B.句意为“在练习瑜伽的过程中,一个人学会了如何处理、适应,甚至在面对挑战面前如何回击”,故选B.14．A.restrainB．restrictC．controlD．settle解析:选C.控制情感.control控制,故选C.15．A.withB．byC．toD．as解析:选C.瑜伽练习者知道什么时候是对某种形式做出反应的合适的时机,故选C.****************************************************结束Ⅰ.单项填空1．(2022·福建省普通高中毕业班教学质量调研)InSeptember2022，China’skeymilestoneinspacetravel________whenZhaiZhigangconductedthefirstspacewalk.A．reached　　　　　　　　　B．wasreachedC．hasreachedD．hadbeenreached解析：选B。时间2022年9月，是一个具体的过去时间，应用过去时态；另外，句子主语China’skeymilestone和reach之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。2．—WhywasMr.Smithunhappythosedays?—Theonlyreasonwasthatthetheoryheinsistedon________wrong.A．provingB．beingprovedC．provedD．wasproved解析：选C。考查静态动词。prove表示“证明是”是静态动词，它不能用被动语态。3．HedefinitelywishesthathisbestfriendPhilipshould________someotherprofession.A．setoutB．takeoverC．takeupD．setup10\n解析：选C。此题考查动词短语的用法。setout“出发”，takeover“接管”，takeup“占据(时间或空间)，从事(运动、职业等)”，setup“搭起，建立”。此处用takeup表示从事某个职业。4．(2022·福建三明市高三上学期三校联考)Aftermuch　　　　，Harrywaschosencaptainofthefootballteam.A．debateB．bargainC．defeatD．defence解析：选A。句意：经过许多辩论以后，哈利被选为足球队队长。debate“争论，辩论”；bargain“讨价还价”；defeat“战胜，挫败”；defence“防御，保卫”。5．(·高考湖南卷)Onethirdofthecountry________coveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizens________blackpeople.A．is；areB．is；isC．are;areD．are；is解析：选A。句意：这个国家的森林覆盖面积占国土面积的三分之一，并且大多数市民都是黑人。“分数/百分数＋名词”作主语时，其谓语动词的单复数取决于名词的形式；“themajorityof＋名词”作主语时，其谓语动词的单复数也取决于名词的形式。故本题选A项。6．(2022·皖南八校高三联考)ManyyouthwenttotheShanghaiScienceandTechnologyMuseumonNov.16,2022，________U．S.PresidentBarackObamadeliveredaspeechduringhisfourdaystatevisit.A．whichB．inthatC．whereD．that解析：选C。考查定语从句的用法。where引导的定语从句修饰先行词theShanghaiScienceandTechnologyMuseum。7．Pleasemakemyexcuseattomorrow’smeeting.I’vegottoomuchwork________.A．todotocomeB．doingcomingC．todocomingD．doingtocome解析：选A。考查不定式作定语以及too...to句型。句意为：请在明天的会议上为我找个理由。我将有好多工作要做以至于不能去参加会议。todo是work的定语，表将来，toomuchwork...tocome相当于toobusytocome。8．—Now，whereismypurse?—________！We’llbelateforthepicnic.A．TakeyourtimeB．Don’tworryC．ComeonD．Takeiteasy10\n解析：选C。考查情景交际。句意：——我的钱包在哪儿？——快点吧！我们野餐要迟到了。comeon快点，加油。9．Somekindsofanimalscan________thecoloroftheirsurroundingstoprotectthemselves.A．dressupB．getintoC．takeonD．puton解析：选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意：某些动物能呈现周围环境的颜色来保护自己。takeon呈现，披戴；dressup化妆，打扮；getinto进入，陷入，养成；puton穿(戴)上，增加。10．Mostschoollibrariesallowstudentstoborrowonlytwobooks________.A．attimesB．atatimeC．innotimeD．atonetime解析：选B。句意：大多数学校图书馆只允许学生每次借两本书。attimes“有时”；innotime“立即，马上”；atonetime“曾经，一度”；atatime“一次，每次”，符合题意。11．Hehurriedhome，onlytofindhishouse________.A．breakoutB．brokenintoC．breakintoD．breakin解析：选B。句意：他匆忙赶回家，却发现有人曾闯进他的房子。breakout“(火灾、战争等)突然发生”；breakinto“强行进入”；breakin“突然进来，插嘴”。依据句意和语态可知选B。12．Ifyou’re________aboutAustraliancities，justreadthebookwrittenbyDr.Johnson.A．interestedB．anxiousC．upsetD．curious解析：选D。本题考查形容词的词义及搭配的区别。beinterestedin“对某事感兴趣”；beanxiousabout“为某事或某人着急”；beupsetat“对某事不安或苦恼”；becuriousabout“对某事好奇”。根据搭配及句意可得出正确答案为D项。13．When________differentcultures，weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.A．comparedB．beingcomparedC．comparingD．havingcompared解析：选C。句意：在比较不同的文化时，我们常常只注意不同点而没有注意到有许多相似之处。when后省略了weare，we是compare动作的执行者。14．Recitingdoesmuchgoodinlanguagelearningandit________helpstolearnsciencesubjectsbetter.10\nA．onthecontraryB．inturnC．bychanceD．foronce解析：选B。句意：背诵对语言学习非常有益，反过来还有助于更好地学习理科。onthecontrary“相反”；inturn“转而，反过来”；bychance“碰巧”；foronce“就一次”。15．Mostwildtigershavebeenseenintheforestaroundthisarea，________thereusedtobeveryfew.A．whenB．whereC．whatD．which解析：选B。句意：在附近的森林中发现了更多的野生老虎，而在过去，这一地区老虎数量非常少。本题考查定语从句用法。先行词是intheforest，代入定语从句后为：Thereusedtobeveryfew(wildtigers)in_the_forest.由此可知先行词在定语从句中作状语，且表地点，故用关系副词where。**********************************************************结束AKidswilloftenignoreyourrequestsforthemtoshutofftheTV,start,theirchores（杂事）,ordotheirhomeworkasawaytoavoidfollowingyourdirections．Beforeyouknowit,you'vestartedto"soundlikeabrokenrecordasyourepeatedlyaskthemtodotheirassignments,cleantheirroom,ortakeouttherubbish．Ratherthansaying"Doyourchoresnow．"you'llbemoreeffectiveifyousetatargettimeforwhenthechoreshavetobecompleted．Soinsteadofarguingaboutstartingchores,justsay,"Ifchoresaren'tdoneby4pm,herearetheconsequences．"Thenit'suptoyourchildtocompletethechores．Puttheballbackintheircourt．Don'targueorfightwiththem,justsay,"That'sthewayit'sgoingtobe．"Itshouldn'tbepunitive（征罚性的）asmuchasitshouldbepersuasive．"Ifyourchoresaren'tdoneby4pm,thennovideogametimeuntilchoresaredone．Andiffinishingthosechoresrunsintohomeworktime,that'sgoingtobeyourloss．"OntheOtherhand,whendealingwithhomework,keepitverysimple．HaveatimewhenhomeworkStarts,andatthattime,allelectronicsgooffanddonotgobackonuntilyouseethattheirhomeworkisdone．Ifyourkidssaytheyhavenohomework,thentheyshouldusethattimetostudyorread．Eitherway,thereshould10\nbeatimesetasidewhentheelectronicsareoff．WhenakidwearshisiPodorheadphoneswhenyou'retryingtotalktohim,makenobonesaboutit;heisnotignoringyou,heisdisrespectingyou．Atthatpoint,everythingelseshouldstopuntilhetakestheearplugsoutofhisears．Don'ttrytocommunicatewithhimwhenhe'swearingheadphones—evenifhetellsyouhecanhearyou．Wearingthemwhileyou'retalkingtohimisasignofdisrespect．Parentsshouldbeverytoughaboutthiskindofthing．Remember,respectbecomesmoreimportantaschildrenmature．56．Accordingtothepassage,itseldomhappensthat__．A．kidsturnadeafeartotheirparents'requestsB．parents'directionssoundlikeabrokenrecordC．childrenarereadytofollowtheirparents'directionsD．parentsareunawareofwhattheyarerepeatingtotheirkids57．Parentswillbeabletodealwiththeirchildrenmoreeffectivelyifthey__．A．avoiddirectwaysofpunishmentB．makethemdothingsattheirrequestC．argueandfightwiththeirchildrenD．allowtheirchildrentobehaveintheirownway58．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_____．A．parentsshouldtake．offhisheadphoneswhentryingtohaveatalkwiththeirchildB．itwillmakenodifferencethatakidiswearinghisearplugswhiletalkingtohisparentsC．parentsshouldn'tgiveintotheirkidwhenheshowsnosignofrespectD．kids'purposelytalkingtotheirparentswithiPodgivesthemasenseofpowelandcontrol59．Themainideaofthepassageis___．A．thatrespectingeachotherismoreimportantthananythingelseB．howkidsbehavetoignoreanddisrespecttheirparentsC．thatchildrenshouldmakechoicesanddecisionsontheirown10\nD．howparentscandealwiththeirkids'behavioreffectivelyWhatwouldyoudoifyouwerelostinthedarkforestatnight?Thefirst,sensiblelessonisthatyoushouldn'tbothertryingtofindyourwayinthedarkatall,butjuststayoutuntildawn．Becausethenyouwon'ttripoverthings?No,mainlybecauseyou'llhaveanideaofdirection．Thesunrisesintheeast．Butyouwill'beamazedathowmanypeopleforgettheyknowthat．Apparently,theareaunderneathahollybushprovidesagoodmakeshiftshelter—theyarethick,andevergreen．Thenextthingtodo—orrathernottodo—ispanic,fortheobviousreasonthatunlessthereissomeonetheretohearyouscream,itwillgetyounowhere．Justtrytothinkofnice,happythings．Thereisalwaysapointinfilmswhenapersonwhoislostinthedesertorthesnow,dehydrated（脱水的）andexhausted,comesacrossasetoftheirownfootprintsandrealizestheyhavejustwalkedinahuge,roundcircle．Itiswrongtooweittotheunequalstrengthsordifferentlengthsofyourlegs．Experimentsprovethat,withoutthesunorthemoon（orlandmarks）asafixedguide,lotsofsmallerrorsaddupovertimesothebraincan'tcorrectlyidentifythe"straightahead"direction．Tojustgetoutofsomewhere,pickaspotonthehorizonandjustheadforit．Thereareseveralwaystofinddirectionsinthedark,andbyfarthebestistoestablishnorthusingthestars．MostpeoplecanidentifythePlough,whichispartofUrsaMajor．Itlooksalotlikeapan．ThePloughrotates（旋转）throughthesky,butlet'simaginethepanlyinghorizontally,withitshandleontheleft．Youneedtotracealinefromthestarattheright-handbaseofthepanthroughthestarattheright-handrim（边沿）,andfollowitupwards;theNorthStarisroughlyfivetimesthedistancebetween10\nthosetwo'pointer"stars．ThendropaverticallinefromtheNorthStartothehorizonandthat'snorth．"TonightisverycloudyandIcan'tseethePlough．"Maybeluckily,itisquitewindy．Keepinmindthatalmostallofourweathercomesfromasouth-westernlydirection．（ThisonlyworksifyouareintheBritishIsles．）Tofind．．thedirection,youcanthrowlightbitsofdried-outgrassintheairandseewhichwaytheyblow;or,iftherearecloudsandpatchesofclearsky,seewhichwaytheyblowacrossthestars．Youcanalsogetanideaofdirectionfromleggyplants．Iftheylookasiftheyhavebeenblownover,theywillprobablybepointingnorth-east．Iftheyaresimplyleaninginonedirectionastheygrow,there'sagoodchancethatitissouth（theywillbereachingtowardsthesun）．Thelastthingtodoistojudgeyourdirectionandoffyougo．60．Whatmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．WhattodoifyouarelostB．HowtoprotectyourselfintheforestC．HowtosurviveintheforestD．Howtodirectyourwayoutofthewild61．WhichofthefollowingpicturesmatchesthedescriptionofthepositionoftheNorthStar?62．Whywillpeopleoftenwalkinacircleiftheyarelostinthedesertorthesnow?A．Becausewithoutanythingtorefertofordirections,thebrainwillbeconfused,byerrors．B．Becauseoneofthelegsislongerandstrongerthantheother．C．Becausethedesertorthesnowusuallycoversalargeareaforpeopletoget10\nacross,D．Becausepeopleusuallyfeeldehydratedandexhaustedinthedesertorthesnow．63．IfyouwerelostintheTalklimakanDesertinChina,wouldNOTbedependableforyoutoidentifythedirections．A．thesunB．theNorthStarC．themoonD．thewind10