江苏省南京市秦淮区2022高考英语 暑假作业 基础训练（11）

南京市秦淮区2022高考英语（暑假基础训练（11）附答案Ⅰ.完形填空In1981,bullets(子弹)screamedthroughtheairtowardsthe40thPresidentoftheUnitedStates.Whileothersranfor__1__,TimMcCarthystoodstilllookingdirectlyathis__2__deathwithstrongdetermination.TimwasshotinthechestandPresidentReagansurvived.Itisperhapsthe__3__thingyoucandotogiveyourlifeforyourfriends.Itisalsooneofthe__4__actsofhistoryaspeopleseldomdothis.JasonDunhamwasasoldierintheUnitedStates.ThestorybeginswithJasonashewastalkingwiththemeninhisarmy.They__5__whetherapersoncouldjumponagrenade(手榴弹)andsurvivebyputtingitunderhishelmet.Deepdowntheyall__6__thatitwasalmostimpossible.UnfortunatelyforJasonDunham,thesituationarrivedjustafewweekslater.However,__7__forhismen,JasonDunhamwasthere.Inthislifeanddeathsituation,thereisno__8__tothink.Thereareonlysecondstofightor__9__.Performingaboveandbeyondthecallofduty,Jasonchosetofight.Hethrewhishelmetand__10__overthegrenadeanddiedforhisfriends.Whatcausesmenandwomento__11__theirlivesforanother?Ittakesalot.Firstandforemost,ittakesthe__12__thatlifeisn’taboutyou.Itisaboutmakingadifference,abouthavinga(n)__13__andaboutgiving.Itisbettertogivethanreceive.Itishonorableto__14__thelivesandwellbeingofothersaboveyourself.Makinganeffectontheworldisnotalwaysaboutrecognition,power,moneyor__15__gain.Sometimesthebiggestsuccessisonewhogiveshimselfupsootherscansucceed.Thatisthemarkofthehighestachiever.【文章大意】　Tim为了救总统而奋不顾身,Jason为了挽救其他士兵的性命而扑向即将爆炸的手榴弹.他们为了拯救别人而宁愿牺牲个人,他们是可敬的.1．A.cover　　　　　　B．homeC．helpD．money解析:选A.对比Tim的行为可知,与之不同的是,很多人跑向躲避物寻求保命.2．A.terribleB．arrangedC．potentialD．selected解析:选C.根据后句内容可知,Tim为了救总统而奋不顾身,可见他面对的是“可能的死亡”.3．A.strangestB．greatest9\nC．luckiestD．quickest解析:选B.根据末段内容可知,这里指为朋友献出自己的生命是最伟大的.4．A.rareB．modernC．popularD．ordinary解析:选A.根据句中aspeopleseldomdothis可知,这种高尚的行为并不常见.5．A.noticedB．expectedC．wonderedD．remembered解析:选C.根据句中whether从句可知,士兵们想知道问题的答案.6．A.guessedB．knewC．recognizedD．heard解析:选B.根据常识和itwasalmostimpossible可知,士兵们都知道不被炸死几乎是不可能的.7．A.curiouslyB．eagerlyC．fortunatelyD．angrily解析:选C.根据前句UnfortunatelyforJasonDunham和本句中However可以得出答案.8．A.roomB．conditionC．positionD．time解析:选D.根据后句中Thereareonlyseconds可以得出答案.9．A.escapeB．disappearC．stayD．explain解析:选A.根据语境可知,在这种生死关头,只有做出决定的时间,是战斗还是逃跑.10．A.handsB．bulletsC．bodyD．gun解析:选C.根据句中diedforhisfriends可知,他把帽盔扔出去,并且扑了上去.11．A.benddownB．falldownC．turndownD．laydown解析:选D.这里用laydowntheirlives,相当于givetheirlives.12．A.guessB．realizationC．argumentD．dream解析:选B.根据句中lifeisn’taboutyou可知,这是一个人所意识到的.13．A.fortuneB．choiceC．wishD．influence解析:选D.根据末段Makinganeffectontheworld可以得出答案.14．A.viewB．live9\nC．riseD．drive解析:选A.根据前句Itisbettertogivethanreceive.可推断,把别人的生命和健康看得比自己的重是可敬的,故用view.15．A.formalB．personalC．usualD．mental解析:选B.本句是从个人的角度来说的,这里指取得个人成绩.******************************************************结束Ⅰ.单项填空1．__________madethelittleboysosadis__________hisparentsdidn’tallowhimtogooutforapicnicwithotherboys.A．What；because　　　　　　　B．What；thatC．That；becauseD．That；what解析：选B。句意：使这个小男孩如此伤心的是他的父母不允许他跟其他男孩出去野餐。第一空用what引导主语从句，what在从句中作主语；第二空用that引导表语从句，that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有实际意义，只起连接作用。2．—Whatdidyoudoyesterdayafternoon?—Wediscussed__________Marycouldjoinus.A．whetherB．ifC．thatD．what解析：选A。句意：“你们昨天下午干什么了？”“我们讨论了玛丽是否可以加入到我们中来。”discuss后的宾语从句只用whether不用if引导，意为“是否”，且不在从句中作成分。that在名词性从句中不作任何成分也没有任何意义；what常在名词性从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。3．Thetextbookisfilledwithcasesabout__________ourlifehasdevelopedthankstonewinventions.A．whatB．whereC．whyD．how解析：选D。句意：课本中有很多关于我们的生活是如何因为新发明而得到改善的例子。根据句意宾语从句缺少表示方式的状语，故用how引导。what不作状语；where表示地点；why表示原因。4．Desertification，thenamefor__________happenswhenfarmlandisturned9\nintodesert，isagrowingworldproblem.A．whichB．whereC．whatD．how解析：选C。句意：沙漠化，即可耕种土地变成沙漠，已经发展成世界问题了。所选项引导介词for的宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，故用what。which强调范围；where常在名词性从句中作地点状语；how在名词性从句中作方式状语。5．__________we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A．IfB．WhetherC．ThatD．When解析：选B。句意：明天我们是否去野营取决于天气。所选项表示“是否”之意，且从句中不缺少成分，故用whether。引导主语从句位于句首时，用whether不用if；that在名词性从句中不作任何成分也无任何意义；when常在名词性从句中作时间状语，此处与tomorrow相矛盾。6．(2022·临沂质量检测)Thewarningweweregivenaschildren__________eatingfastwillmakeyoufatmay，infact，haveascientificexplanation.A．thatB．whoC．whereD．which解析：选A。考查名词性从句。分析句子可知，weweregivenaschildren为定语从句限定主语thewarning，其谓语动词为have，从句部分不缺成分，对thewarning起到补充说明的作用，为同位语从句。故选A。7．(2022·泰安一轮质量检测)—Itissodarktonight，Mum.—Yes，thisisjust__________wecanenjoybrilliantstarsinthesky.A．whenB．whereC．howD．because解析：选A。考查名词性从句。句意：——妈妈，夜深了。——是的，这时候我们正好可以观看天上闪闪的星星。句中is后接的是表语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，应用when引导。故选A项。8．(2022·淄博模拟)—AreyoustillthinkingabouttheemailTonysentyouyesterday?—Oh，totellthetruth，that’s__________makesmefeelexcited.A．whatB．howC．thatD．why解析：选A。考查名词性从句。由语境知，正是Tony的邮件使“我”非常兴奋。what相当于theemailthat，即作is的表语，又作makesmefeelexcited的主语。故选A。9\n9．(2022·潍坊5月份训练)Theshoesinourstoreareallofgoodquality.Youcanchoose__________youlike.A．whicheverB．howeverC．whateverD．wherever解析：选A。考查连接词。宾语从句中缺少宾语，所以排除B、D两项；选择的鞋子应是前文中所指的，所以用连接代词whichever。故选A项。10．(2022·青岛统一质量检测)__________isexpectedthatitwillbefinetomorrow，whenwecandosomeoutdooractivities.A．AsB．ItC．ThatD．Which解析：选B。考查名词性从句。由语境知，大家都指望着明天天气晴好，这样就能做些户外活动了。分析题干知，此处考查主语从句固定结构，即Itis＋过去分词＋thatclause。其中it作形式主语，故B项正确。***********************************************************结束HehaslivedthroughvariousdangersbuttimemayberunningoutforthePalestinianleader,YasserArafat.OnSeptember11,Israelannounceditsdecisiontoremovehim,followingseveralPalestiniansuicidebombattacksonIsrael.“Heshouldbepunishedforthekillings,”anIsraeliofficialsaid,“Hehasdonenothingtostoptheterroristgroups.”Butthedecisionhasangeredmanyothercountries.ChinasaidthatArafatisthetrueleader,electedbythePalestinianpeople,andremovinghimwouldharmthepeaceintheMiddleEast.Othergovernmentssharethisidea.Arafathimselfsaid:“Theycankillme,butnevergetmeoutofmycountry.”HehasspentmostofhislifeindangerasthemostimportantaimofIsrael.But,justlikeacatwithninelives,Arafatescapedeverytime.Foryearshehasmadeapracticeofsleepinginadifferentbedeachnight,thinkingamovingpersonishardertohit.In1985,IsraelsentfighterplanestokillArafat.ThewildbombingdestroyedhisofficeinTunisbutArafathimselfwasunhurt.In1992,theaircraftinwhichhewasflyingoverNorthAfricabrokeintwoduringacrashlanding.Thepilotwaskilledbuthemanagedtoremainalive.Whatissounbelievableisthathealwaysremainscalmingreatdanger.Israeli9\ntanksandplanesattackedhisofficebuildinginRamAllahinDecember2022.Whentheysawtheattackerscoming,Arafat’sbodyguardstooknonoticeofhisorderstostaystillandcarriedhimtosafetyunderground.Secondslater,severalbombsweredroppednearby.Thoughsafe,hisbodyguardsweresofrightenedthattheywerewetinsweat.But,Arafat,withIsraelitanksonly200metersaway,showednofearatall.Hestayedinthedamagedoffice,talkingbyphonewithforeignleadersinhopeofpreventingfurtherattacksfromIsrael.Alltheseexperienceshavemadehimabelovedleadertohispeopleandanenemytosomeothers.Buthasheusedupthelastofhisninelives?Onlytimewilltell.56.Accordingtothepassage,whichstatementistrue?A.In1992,Arafat’splanecrashedinSouthAfrica.B.IsraeliofficersthoughtArafathimselfsenttheterroristgroupstoIsrael.C.ChinaistheonlycountryagainstIsrael’sdecisionofremovingArafat.D.BeingPalestinianleader,Arafatwouldratherdieinhisowncountrythanbedrivenawayfromhispeople.57.Whatdidtheauthormeanbysaying“justlikeacathasninelives”whenhetalkedaboutArafat?A.Arafatisascleverasacat.B.Arafatcanliveaslongasacat.C.Arafatcanstayaliveafteraccidentsordisastersasifhehasninelives.D.Arafatshouldhavediedforatleast8times.58.Theunderlinedphrase“tooknonoticeof”canbereplacedby__________.A.obeyedB.ignoredC.disagreedD.dissatisfied59.What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardsArafat’sfuture,judgingfromthelastsentenceofthepassage?A.Hopeful.B.Interesting.C.Satisfactory.D.Doubtful.9\nIntheUnitedStates,friendshipscanbeclose,constant,intense,generous,andreal,yetfadeawayinashorttimeifthingschange.Neithersidefeelshurtbythis.BothmayexchangeChristmasgreetingforayearortwo,perhapsafewlettersforawhile—thennomore.Ifthesametwopeoplemeetagainbychance,evenyearslater,theypickupthefriendshipwhereit'sleftoffandaredelighted.IntheStates,youcanfeelfreetovisitpeople'shomesandsharetheirholidayswithoutfearthatyouaretakingonalastingobligation.Donothesitatetoaccepthospitalitybecauseyoucannotgiveitinreturn.Noonewillexpectyoutodosofortheyknowyouarefarfromhome.Americanswillenjoywelcomingyouandbepleasedifyouaccepttheirhospitalityeasily.Onceyouarrivethere,thewelcomewillbefullandwarmandreal.Mostvisitorsfindthemselveseasilyinvitedintomanyhomesthere.Insomecountriesitisconsideredinhospitabletoentertainathome,offeringwhatisfeltas"merely"homecookedfood,not"doingsomething"foryourguest.Itisfeltthatrestaurantentertainingshowsmorerespectandwelcome.Orforvariousotherreasons,suchascrowdedspace,languagedifficulties,orfamilycustom,outsidersarenotinvitedintohomes.IntheUnitedStates,bothmethodsareused,butitisoftenconsideredmorefriendlytoinviteapersontoone'shomethantogotoapublicplace,exceptinpurebusinessrelationships.So,ifyourhostorhostessbringsyouhome,donotfeelthatyouarebeingshowninferiortreatment.60.IntheUnitedStates,friendshipsmight________ifthingsbecomedifferent.A.disappearlittlebylittle B.lastforever  C.beheartbreakingD.endsuddenly 61.Allthefollowingfactorsbut________preventpeoplefrominvitingtheirfriendshomefordinneraccordingtothepassage.A.differentlanguagesB. naughtychildren C.differentcustomsD. smallhouses62.Wecaninferthat________inAmericaaccordingtothispassage.A.friendshipsaredifficulttogetbuteasytolose  B.itishardforapersontopickupthefriendshipwhenhecomesacrosshislonglostfriend C.youmightbeconsideredasapersonhungryforsocialactivitiesifyouaccept9\naninvitationtooeasily  D.peoplecarelittleaboutwheretheyareinvitedtogofordinner63.Whyisgivingadinnerpartyathomeconsideredlesshospitableinsomecountries?A.Becauseeatingattherestaurantisasignofrespect. B.Becausehavingdinnerathomeseemslessfriendly.  C.Becausedishespreparedathomearelessdelicious.  D.Becauseadinnerattherestaurantismoreexpensive.  Sinceherhusbanddied,Mrs.Jacksonhaslivedaloneintheirbigoldsuburban(郊区的)house,Thehousewasboughtbyherhusbandalmostfiftyyearsago.Forthesakeofsafety,hersonhastriedhardtoaskhertosellthehouseandbuyanewandsmalloneinthetown,ButMrs.Jacksondoesn’tliketheidea.Shesaysthatshehastolookafterherhusband’soldhouse.Butrecentlysheoftenhearsstoriesaboutunknownpeoplestealingthingsaroundhere.ThatwasacolddaybeforeChristmasEve.Aroundfouro’clockintheafternoon,Mrs.JacksonwasenjoyingtheChristmasmusicwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.Sheheardthesoundbutdidn’tmove.Anotherknock.Whocoulditbe?Mrs.Jacksonwasabitafraid.Shedecidednottoanswerthedoorbutkeepwaiting.Oneminuteanotherminuteandyetanotherminute.Nothinghappenedandnomoreknocks,Shewalkedquietlytothedoor,andlistened.Sheheardnothingbutthewindoutside.Sheslowlyunfastened（打开）thedoorandpeeped(窥视)throughthecrack（小缝）.Shethengaveasurprisedcryandthrewthedoorwideopen!Atthedoorshesawatall,beautifulChristmastree!InthetreestoodaChristmascardwiththesewords:9\nMerryChristmas!Yournewneighbor64.ThehouseboughtbyMr.Jacksonis__________.A.inthetownB.smallbutnewC.outsidethetownD.fiftyyearsold65.Mrs.Jacksondoesn’twanttosellthehousebecause__________.A.itisalmostfiftyyearsoldB.itisbigandoldC.shelikestolivealoneinitD.herhusbandleftittoher66.Whydidn’tshemovewhensheheardtheknockatthedoor?Because__________.A.shewasenjoyingtheChristmasmusicB.shethoughtitmightbeanunknownpersonC.itwasnothersonD.shehadn’tdecidedtoanswerthedoor67.Sheslowlyunfastenedthedoorbecause__________.A.shewastoofrightenedtoopenthedoorB.shewantedtopeedthroughthecrackC.shewasafraidofthecoldwindD.therewassomethingwrongwiththedoor64-67CDBB**********************************************************结束9