江苏省南京市秦淮区2022高考英语 暑假作业 基础训练（15）

南京市秦淮区2022高考英语（暑假基础训练（15）附答案Ⅰ.完形填空MostpeoplehavenoideaofthehardworkandworrythatIgotothecollectingofthosefascinatingbirdsandanimalsthattheypaytoseeinthezoo.OneofthequestionsthatisalwaysaskedofmeishowIbecameananimalcollectorinthefirst__1__.TheansweristhatIhavealwaysbeeninterestedinanimalsandzoos.Accordingtomyparents，thefirstwordIwasabletosaywithany__2__wasnottheconventional“mamma”or“daddy”，buttheword“zoo”，whichIwould__3__overandoveragainwithashrill__4__untilsomeone，inorderto__5__meup，wouldtakemetothezoo.WhenIgrewalittleolder，welivedinGreeceandIhadagreat__6__ofpets，rangingfromowlstoseahorses，andIspentallmysparetime__7__thecountrysideinsearchoffreshspecimensto__8__tomycollectionofpets.__9__onIwentforayeartotheCityZoo，asastudent__10__，togetexperienceofthelargeanimals，suchaslions，bears，bisonandostriches，whichwerenoteasytokeepathome.WhenIleft，I__11__hadenoughmoneyofmyowntobeableto__12__myfirsttripandIhavebeengoing__13__eversincethen.Thoughacollector’sjobisnotaneasyoneandisfullof__14__，itiscertainlyajobwhichwillappealtoallthosewholoveanimalsand__15__.【文章大意】　本文介绍了作者是怎样成为动物爱好者的(从小就喜欢动物)。1．A.region　　　　　　B．fieldC．placeD．case解析：选C。inthefirstplace是固定短语，意思是“首先”。此句意思是：别人经常问到的问题之一，是当初我是如何爱上动物的。2．A.clarityB．emotionC．sentimentD．affection解析：选A。这句话的意思是：作者在牙牙学语之时，最早发清楚的音是“zoo”(动物园)，而不是“妈妈”、“爸爸”，因此，应选clarity“清晰”。填入其他选项emotion(感情)；sentiment(多愁善感)；affection(友爱)，不合逻辑。3．A.reciteB．recognizeC．readD．repeat解析：选D。根据后面的overandoveragain，应选“repeat”。4．A.volumeB．noise13\nC．voiceD．pitch解析：选C。小孩想去动物园，便不停地发出尖叫声，故选“voice”。Ashrillvoice与scream的意思接近。volume(音量)；noise(噪音)；pitch(音调)，均不符合要求。5．A.closeB．shutC．stopD．comfort解析：选B。shutsb.up是指让某人住口，为了让孩子停止尖叫，只好带他去动物园。6．A.manyB．amountC．numberD．supply解析：选C。agreatmany后直接跟可数名词的复数形式；agreat/largeamountof后跟不可数名词；只有agreat/largenumberof后可以跟可数名词的复数形式。7．A.livingB．cultivatingC．reclaimingD．exploring解析：选D。living后必须接介词in，意为“居住”；cultivating耕种；reclaiming开垦；只有exploring有探察的意思。8．A.increaseB．includeC．addD．enrich解析：选C。addto相当于increase，增加。其余选项后面都不接to。9．A.LaterB．FurtherC．ThenD．Subsequently解析：选A。lateron为固定短语，意为“后来”。10．A.attendantB．keeperC．memberD．assistant解析：选D。attendant仆人；keeper可理解为“饲养员”，但是astudentkeeper容易被误解为“收留学生的人”；assistant有“助手”之义。作者一边上学，一边在动物园里打工，只能当助手。11．A.luckilyB．gladlyC．nearlyD．successfully解析：选D。因为钱是在动物园打工挣的，选successfully更能体现其含义。12．A.payB．provideC．allowD．finance解析：选D。financemyfirsttrip意为“支付我的旅行费用”；pay后应接介词for，其他选项的意思相差甚远。13．A.normallyB．regularlyC．usuallyD．often13\n解析：选B。此句为现在完成进行时态，选regularly比较贴切。14．A.expectationsB．sorrowsC．excitementD．disappointments解析：选D。此句是由though引导的让步状语从句，应与主句意思相对立。选项中，sorrows和disappointments与主句的appealto相对立，但sorrows的分量太重。15．A.excursionB．travelC．journeyD．trip解析：选B。excursion短途旅行；journey(从一地到另一地的)长距离，具体的旅途；travel旅行，旅游，海外旅行；trip旅行，远足。**********************************************************结束StudentswhowanttostudyintheUnitedStatesmayfindthattheirchancesforfinancialaidarelimited.Theyoftenhavetopayfortheireducationwiththeirownsavingsortheirfamily'smoney.ArecentreportfromtheInstituteofInternationalEducationinNewYorklookedat2022-2022schoolyear.CollegesanduniversitiesintheUnitedStateshadmorethanhalfamillionforeignstudents.63%ofthempaidforschoolmostlybythemselvesorwithfamilyhelp.26%percentweresupportedbytheschooltheyattended.Thereareothersourcesoffinancialaidforinternationalstudents.Theseincludeastudent'shomegovernmentoruniversity,ortheUnitedStatesgovernment.Privatesponsors,internationalorganizationsandemployersmayalsoprovidesupport.Yetduringthelastschoolyear,notmanystudentswereabletodependonanyoftheseothersources.Currentemployersprovidedthemosthelp.Still,theyrepresentedthemainsupportforjustfourpercentofinternationalstudents.Thoseatthegraduatelevel,however,aremorelikelythanundergraduatestoreceivefinancialaidintheUnitedStates.Morethan80%percentofforeignundergraduatesdependedmostlyonpersonalandfamilymoneytopayforschoollastyear.Thesamewastrueoflessthanhalfofgraduatestudents.MostoftheothersreceivedfinancialaidfromtheircollegeoruniversityintheUnitedStates.13\nAlistofAmericanschoolsthatofferfinancialaidtoforeignstudentscanbefoundatausefulWebsite.Theaddressisedupass.org.Thissitealsoprovidesinformationaboutscholarshipprograms.Butitwarnsforeignstudentsnottopayifthereisanychargeforscholarshipapplicationforms.Youcouldbecheatedoutofyourmoney.56.Mostforeignstudentsdependon_______topayfortheireducation.A.thehomeuniversitiesB.personalorfamilymoneyC.theAmericanschoolsD.internationalorganization57.Howmanysourcesoffinancialaidarementionedinthetext?A.9B.3C.6D.1258.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?A.ForeignstudentshavenochancetogetmoneyfromAmericanschools.B.Mostforeigngraduatestudentsdependontheirownsavings.C.Edupass.orgoffersfinancialaidandscholarshipinformation.D.Usuallythepresentemployersprovidethemostfinancialhelp.59.Thetextmainlytalksabout________.A.financialaidforforeignstudentsinUSB.thehardlifeforforeignstudentsinUSC.thevarietyofeducationalchoicesinUSD.thedisadvantagesofstudyinginUS.56—59、DCDA********************************************************结束BelowaresomeclassifiedadsfromanEnglishnewspaper.ClassifiedadsFordirectclassifiedservicecall800-055710A.M--4P.MMonday--Friday[来源:Zxxk.Com]13\nForsaleCometoourmovingsale---Plants,pottery,books,clothes,etc.Sat,Dec.14th---9a.m.---5p.m.1612Ferndale,Apt.1,800-4696.USEDFURCOATSandJACKET.Goodcondition.＄30--＄50.Call800-0436after12noon.MOVING:Mustsell.TV21,＄50；AM/FMradioA/Corbattery,＄15;cassettetaperecorder,＄10.CallJonorPat,800-0739after5p.m.orweekends.SHEEPSKINCOAT:man’ssize42,1yearold.＄85.After6p.m.,800-5224.LOSTANDFOUNDFOUND:Cat,6monthsold,blackandwhitemarkings.FoundnearLindenandSouthU.Steve,800-4661LOST:GoldwirerimPERSONALOVERSEASJOBS---Australia,Europe,S.American,Africa.Studentsallprofessionsandoccupations,＄700to＄3000monthly.Expensespaid,overtime.Sightseeing.FreeInformationatSTUDENT’UNIONTHEINTERNATIONALCENTERplanstopublishabookletofstudenttraveladventures,ifyou’dliketowriteaboutyourforeignexperiences,unusualorjustplaininteresting,call800-9310andaskforMikeorJanet.UNSUREWHATTODO?Life–PlanningWorkshop,Dec,13th—15th.BobandMargatetAtwood,800-0046RoommatesFEMALEROOMMATEWANTED:Ownroomnearcampus.AvailableDecemberDOMESTICSERVICEEARLYHOURWAKE-UPSERVICE:Forprompt,courteouswake-upservice,call800-0760HELPWANTEDBABYSITTER—MYHOMEIfyouareavailableafewhoursduringtheday,andsomeeveningstocarefor2schoolagechildren,pleasecallGayleMorre,days800-1111,eveningsandweekends800—4964PERSONSWANTEDfordeliverwork.Owntransportation.Goodpay.Apply2311E.Stadium.Office101,after9,a.m.TELEPHONERECEPTIONISTWANTED.Noexperiencenecessary.Goodpay.Apply2311E.Stadium.Office101,after9a.m.WAITRESSWANTED10a.m.---2p.m.or10:30a.m.—5p.m.Applyinperson,207S.Main.Curtis13\nglassesinbrowncae.Campusarea.Reward.CallGregg800-2896.FOUND:setofkeysonTappannearHillintersection.Identifykeychain.Call800-9662.FOUND:Nov.8th---AblackandwhitepuppyinPackard-Jewettarea.800-57701st.Rent＄300permonthuntilMarch1st.＄450thereafter.CallJillfordetails,800-7839.NEEDPERSONtoassumeleaseforownbedroominPT.Nearcampus,＄380/mo.StartingJan.1st.call800-6157after5p.m.Restaurant.HELPWANTEDforhousecleaning1/2dayonweekend.When–tobediscussedformutualconvenience.Goodwages.SylvanStreet,call800-2817.60．Wherewillyoupostanoticeifyouneedsomeonetolookafteryourchildren?A.PERSONALB.HELPWANTEDC.DOMESTIC　SERVICED.ROOMMATES61．Asecond-handjacketwillprobablycostyou_____.A.＄60B.＄40C.＄20D.＄1062．Tohaveyourtravelnotespublished,youmaycontact____.A.Students’UnionB.GayleMooreC.TheInternationalCenterD.Life-PlanningWorkshop63．Ifyouwanttohavesomeonewakeyouupinthemorning,yourmaycall_____.A.800-5224B.800-5770C.800-7839D.800-076060—63、BCAD**********************************************************结束Anewstudyof8,000youngpeopleintheJournalofHealthandSocialBehaviorshowsthatalthoughlovecanmakeadultslivehealthilyandhappily，itisabadthingforyoungpeople．Puppylove（早恋）maybringstressforyoungpeopleandcanleadtodepression（忧郁症）．Thestudyshowsthatgirlsbecomemoredepressedthan13\nboys，andyoungergirlsaretheworstofall．Thepossiblereasonfortheconnectionbetweenloveandhigherriskofdepressionforgirlsis“lossofself”．Accordingtothestudy，eventhoughboyswouldsay“losethemselvesinaromanticrelationship”，this“lossofself”ismuchmorelikelytoleadtodepressionwhenithappenstogirls．Younggirlswhohaveromanticrelationshipsusuallylikehidingtheirfeelingsandopinions．Theywon’ttellthattotheirparents．DrMarianmKaufman，anexpertonyoungpeopleproblems，says15%to20%youngpeoplewillhavedepressionduringtheirgrowing．Tryingromanceoftencausesthedepression．Sheadviseskidsnottojumpintoromancetooearly．Duringgrowingup，itisimportantforyoungpeopletobuildstrongfriendshipsandastrongsenseofself．Shealsosuggeststheparentsshouldencouragetheirkidstokeepclosetotheirfriends，attendmoreinterestingschoolactivitiesandspendenoughtimewithfamily．Parentsshouldwatchforsignsofdepression—eatingormoodchanges—andiftheyseesignsfromtheirdaughtersorsons，theyneedtogivehelp．Thegoodnewsisthattheconnectionbetweenromanceanddepressionseemstobecomeweakwithage．Lovewillalwaysmakeusfeelyoung，butonlymaturity（成熟）givesusachancetoavoiditsbadsideeffects．63．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Puppylovemaybringyoungpeopledepression．B．Parentsshouldforbidtheirchildren’slove．C．Romanceisatwoedgedswordforadults．D．Romanceisgoodforyoungpeople．64．Whichofthefollowingismorelikelytohavedepression?A．Youngpeoplewhohaveastrongsenseofselfishness．B．Youngboyswhoseparentswatchfortheirbehavior．C．Younggirlswhoalwayshidetheirfeelingsandopinions．D．Carelessparentswhosechildrenaredeepinlove．65．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?13\nA．Lackinglovecanleadyoungpeopletogrowupmorequickly．B．Earlylovemakesyoungpeoplekeepclosetotheirfriendsandparents．C．Parentsshouldhelptheirchildrentobeawareofthesignsofdepression．D．Theolderawomanis，thelesslikelysheseemstoloseherselfinromance．66．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardspuppylove?A．ConfusedB．DisapprovingC．DisinterestedD．ScaredC.63-66ACDB***********************************************************结束Evenplantscanrunafever,especiallywhenthey'reunderattackbyinsectsordisease.Butunlikehuman,plantscanhavetheirtemperaturetakenfrom3,000feetaway—straightup.Adecadeago,adoptingtheinfrared(红外线)scanningtechnologydevelopedformilitarypurposesandothersatellites,physicistStephenPaleycameupwithaquickwaytotakethetemperatureofcropstodeterminewhichonesareunderstress.Thegoalwastoletfarmerspreciselytargetpesticide(杀虫剂)sprayingratherthanrainpoisononawholefield,whichinvariablyincludesplantsthatdon'thavepestproblems.Evenbetter,Paley'sRemoteScanningServicesCompanycoulddetectcropproblemsbeforetheybecamevisibletotheeye.Mountedonaplaneflownat3,000feetatnight,aninfraredscannermeasuredtheheatemittedbycrops.Thedataweretransformedintoacolourcodedmapshowingwhereplantswererunning“fevers”.Farmerscouldthenspotspray,using50to70percentlesspesticidethantheyotherwisewould.ThebadnewsisthatPaley'scompanycloseddownin1984,afteronlythreeyears.Farmersresistedthenewtechnologyandlongtermbackerswerehardtofind.Butwiththerenewedconcernaboutpesticidesonproduce,andrefinementsininfrared13\nscanning,Paleyhopestogetbackintooperation.Agricultureexpertshavenodoubtthetechnologyworks.“Thistechniquecanbeusedon75percentofagriculturallandintheUnitedStates,”saysGeorgeOertherofTexasA&M.RayJackson,whorecentlyretiredfromtheDepartmentofAgriculture,thinksremoteinfraredcropscanningcouldbeadoptedbytheendofthedecade.ButonlyifPaleyfindsthefinancialbackingwhichhefailedtoobtain10yearsago.51．Plantswillsendoutanincreasedamountofheatwhentheyare________.A．facinganinfraredscannerB．sprayedwithpesticidesC．inpoorphysicalconditionD．exposedtoexcessivesunrays52．Inordertoapplypesticidesprayingprecisely,wecanuseinfraredscanningto________.A．estimatethedamagetothecropsB．drawacolourcodedmapC．measurethesizeoftheaffectedareaD．locatetheproblemarea53．Farmerscansaveaconsiderableamountofpesticideby________.A．resortingtospotsprayingB．transformingpoisonedrainC．consultinginfraredscanningexpertsD．detectingcropproblemsatanearlystage54．Theapplicationofinfraredscanningtechnologytoagriculturemetwithsomedifficulties—________.A．itshighcostB．thelackofofficialsupportC．thelackoffinancialsupportD．itsfailuretohelpincreaseproduction参考答案-------51．C　52．D　53．A　54．C　******************************************************结束“InonlysixdaysIlostsevenpoundsofweight.”“Twofullinchesinthefirstthreedays！”Thesearethekindsofstatementsusedinmagazine，newspaper，radioandtelevisionads，promisingnewshapesandnewlookstothosewhobuythemedicineorthedevice.Thepromotersofproductssaytheycanshapethelegs，slimtheface，smoothwrinkles，orinsomeotherwaytoaddtobeautyordesirability.Oftensuchproductsarenothingmorethanmoneymakingthingsfortheirpromoters.Theresultstheyproducearequestionable，andsomearedangerousto13\nhealth.Tounderstandhowtheseproductscanbelegallypromotedtothepublic，itisnecessarytounderstandsomethingofthelawscoveringtheirregulation.Iftheproductisadrug，FDA(FoodandDrugAdministration)canrequireproofundertheFood，Drug，andCosmeticActthatissafeandeffectivebeforeitisputonthemarket.Butiftheproductisadevice，FDAhasnoauthoritytorequirepremarketingproofofsafetyoreffectiveness.Ifaproductalreadyonthemarketisadangertohealth，FDAcanrequesttheproducerordistributortoremoveitfromthemarketvoluntarily，oritcantakelegalaction，includingseizure(查封)oftheproduct.OnenotablecaseafewyearsagoinvolvedanelectricaldevicecalledtheRelaxacisor，whichhadbeensoldforreducingthewaistline.TheRelaxacisorproducedelectricalshockstothebodythroughcontactpads.FDAtooklegalactionagainstthedistributortostopthesaleofthedeviceonthegroundsthatitwasdangeroustohealthandlife.Obviously，mostofthedevicesonthemarkethaveneverbeenthesubjectofcourtproceedings(法律诉讼)，andnewdevicesappearcontinually.Beforebuying，itisuptotheconsumertojudgethesafetyoreffectivenessofsuchitems.55．Itcanbeinferredthattheadsmentionedinthetextare________.A．objectiveB．costlyC．unreliableD．illegal56．FDAcanaskfortheproofofsafetyandeffectivenessofaproduct________.A．ifitisadrugB．ifitisadeviceC．ifitsconsumersmakecomplaintsD．ifitsdistributorschallengeFDA'sauthority57．TheRelaxacisorismentionedas________.A．aproductwhichwasdesignedtoproduceelectricityB．aproductwhosedistributorwasinvolvedinalegalcaseC．asuccessfuladvertisementofabeautyproductD．anexampleofaqualitybeautyproduct58．Theauthorintendsto________.A．makeconsumersawareofthepromoters'falsepromisesB．showtheweaknessofthelawonproductsafetyC．giveadviceonhowtokeepyoungandbeautifulD．introducetheorganizationofFDA13\n参考答案-----------55．C　56．A　57．B　58．A　*********************************************************结束BarackObamamakeshisfirsttriptoAsiaaspresidentthisweek,leavingbehindahostofdomestic(国内的)problemswiththevisitthatrecognizestheregion’seconomicanddiplomaticimportance.“Obama”stripincludesstopsinJapan,Singapore,ChinaandSouthKorea,andhismessagewillbesimple,saysNicolasLardyatthePetersonInstituteforInternationalEconomics.“Well,IthinkhisbroadestaimistoconvinceAsiansthattheUnitedStatesisfullycommittedtotheregionthatwehaveanagendathat’smuchbroaderthantheysawoverthepasteightyearsoftheveryheavyfocusonanti-terrorism.”Obama’sfirststopisJapan,wherehemeetswiththenewPrimeMinisterYukioHatoyamawhohaspromisedtosteeradiplomaticcoursemoreindependentofWashington.WhileJapanisseenasagetting-to-know-youstop,whenObamaheadstotheSingaporefortheAPECmeeting,hewilllikelyfacepressureontrade.“ManyAsiansareconcernedaboutwhatUStradepolicywillbe,andthey’vebeensomewhatalarmedbythefactthatthepresidentreallyhasn’tsetoutverymuchrevisionforwhatUStradepolicyisinhisadministration.”ButthecriticallegofthetripwillcomeinChina,histhirdstopwhereObamawillhavetonavigatethecomplexrelationshipwiththecountrythatisthelargestholderofUSdebt.“Asyousay,youknow,ifyouowethebankonedollar,it’syourproblem,ifyouowethebank,youknow,3milliondollars,it’sthebank’sproblem,soit’ssimilarwithChina.Imeantheyhavenointerestintryingtousetheinfluencewithus,becauseeventually,they’retheonethattheyownallthosedollars.”AlsoonthetablewillbeNorthKoreaandIran’snuclearambitionsaswellascooperationonAfghanistan.WithObamaenjoyingskyhighpopularitylevelinthecountriesheisvisiting,detailedresultsmaybebesidethepoint,giventhatObamaisstillinhisfirst13\nyearinoffice,analystssaythistripismostlyaboutlayingthegroundworkforthefuture.59、Fromthesecondparagraph,wecaninferthat.A．JapanhasnotbeentheclosestfriendofAmericaB．JapanandSingaporewillgiveAmericasomepressureontradeC．JapanisconcernedaboutwhatUStradepolicywillbeD．JapandecidesnottorelyonAmericatoomuch60、WhatcanyouinferaboutChina’srelationwithAmericainthethirdparagraph?A．ChinawillsellallitssharesinUSnationaldebt.B．ItwillhurtChinaifthevalueofthedollarfalls.C．ChinawillnotbethelargestdebtholderofUS.D．ChinaisUS’soverseasbankwhereUScanborrowmoney.61、Theauthordevelopsthepassagemainly.A．byexamplesB．bycauseandeffectC．bycomparisonD．byorderintime参考答案----------59D60B61D******************************************************结束heardonemansayhehadbeenwaitinginlineforoveranhour.RealizingIwouldnothaveenoughtimetowaitinline,Icaughtthenextbusandheadedback（奔回）13\nacrossthetown.ByFridayIrealizedmyonlyhopewastomakethetripbytaxi,itwasexpensive,butIfeltitwouldbeworthittoheartheconcert.Thetripbytaxionlytook10minutes,butitfeltlikeanhourtome.WhenIgottothetheatre,Iwasrelievedtoseethatnobodywaswaitinginline.Thereason,however,Iquicklydiscovered,wasthattheyhadalreadysoldallthetickets.60ThemanlearnedthattherewouldbeaconcertlastFriday________.A.fromhisfriendsB.fromoneofhisworkmatesC.overtheradioD.fromthenewspaper61.Onedaythemantook________togettothetheatrebybus.A.forty-fiveminutesB.fifteenminutesC.justtwentyminutesD.overanhour62Theunderlinedword“relieved”maybestbereplacedby“________”.A.worriedB.pleasedC.puzzledD.sorry63.Thewritermainlyshowsushis________.A.enjoymentoftheconcertB.angerforbuyingtheticketC.effortstobuytheticketD.disappointmentattheconcer60-63DCBC*****************************************************结束13