福建省福州市2022高考英语 2022暑假阅读理解训练（14）

福州市2022高考英语（2022暑假）阅读理解训练（14）及答案解析(二)Someyearsagoindustrieshadmorefreedomthantheyhavenow，andtheydidnotneedtobeascarefulastheymusttoday.Theydidnotneedtoworryalotaboutthesafetyofthenewproductsthattheydeveloped.Theydidnothavetopaymuchattentiontothehealthandsafetyofthepeoplewhoworkedforthem.Oftennewproductsweredangerousforthepeoplewhousedthem；oftenconditionsintheworkplacehadverybadeffectsonthehealthoftheworkers.Ofcoursesometimestherewererealdisasters(灾难)whichattractedtheattentionofgovernmentsandwhichshowedtheneedforchanges.Alsoscientistswhoweredoingresearchintothehealthofworkerssometimesproducedinformationwhichgovernmentscouldnotignore.Atsuchtimes,therewereinquiriesintothecausesofthedisastersortheproblems.Newsafetyruleswereoftenintroducedasaresultoftheseinquiries；however,thenewrulescametoolatetoprotectthepeoplewhodiedorwhobecameseriouslyill.Todaymanygovernmentshavespecialdepartmentswhichprotectcustomersandworkers.IntheU.S．，forexample,thereisadepartmentwhichtestsnewairplanesandgiveswarningsaboutpossibleproblems.Italsomakestherulesthataircraftproducersmustfollow.Anotherdepartmentcontrolsthefoodsanddrugsthatcompaniessell.Athirddepartmentlooksattheplaceswherepeoplework，andthenreportsanycompanythatisbreakingthelawswhichprotectthehealthandsafetyofworkers.Ofcourse，newgovernmentdepartmentsandnewlawscannotpreventeveryaccidentorillness，buttheyarehavingsomegoodresults.Ourworkplacesaresaferandcleanerthanbefore.Theplanesandcarswhichweusefortravelarebetter.Producersarethinkingmoreaboutthesafetyandhealthofthepeoplewhobuyandusetheirproducts.(　　)11.Themaintopicofthepassageis________.A．conditionsintheworkplaceB．thefreedomofindustriesinthepastC．changesinindustrialproductionD．thesafetyandhealthofworkersandcustomers(　　)12.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatinthepast________.A．workersoftengotillbecauseofthepoorworkingconditionsB．companieswerefreetoputoutanyproductstheywantedto-7-\nC．manypeoplewerekilledbydangerousproductsD．industrieswereascarefulinmanagementastheyaretoday(　　)13.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat________.A．governmentsandcompanieshaddifferentopinionsaboutthesafetyofproductsB．governmentspaidlittleattentiontothesafetyofproductsC．governmentofficialsoftendidnotlistentoscientistsD．inthepastnosafetylawswereintroducedbygovernments(　　)14.Someyearsagosafetyrules________.A．wereputforwardduetoscientists’recommendationsB．cameintobeingasaresultoftheworkers’demandsC．wereintroducedbecausequiteanumberofpeoplewerekilledorseriouslyinjuredD．wereeffectiveenoughtoprotectworkersandcustomers(　　)15.ThespecialdepartmentsprotectcustomersandworkersinmanywaysEXCEPTby________.A．testingnewproductsB．controllingthesaleofproductsC．designingnewproductsD．inspectingworkplaces(二)本文为说明文。文中首先指出在过去，工人在工作中、顾客使用新产品时的安全与健康得不到保障，导致一些灾难的发生。这致使政府采取相关政策，以保障人们的安全与健康。11．D　主旨大意题。全文通过对比过去与现在，说明了全文的主题是：工人与顾客的安全与健康。故选D。12．A　推理判断题。根据第一段oftenconditionsintheworkplacehadverybadeffectsonthehealthoftheworkers可推断过去工人常常因工作环境的恶劣而生病，故选A。13．D　推理判断题。根据二段however,thenewrulescametoolatetoprotectthepeoplewhodiedorwhobecameseriouslyill.可推断政府过去并未引进相关的安全措施，故选D。14．C　细节理解题。根据第二段Newsafetyruleswereoftenintroducedasaresultoftheseinquiries可判断选C。15．C　细节理解题。分析最后一段可知，C项内容不符合文意，故选C。*************************************************************结束-7-\n(2022·唐山联考)Wethoughtwehaditall—abeautifulhouse,threehealthychildrenandonemoreontheway,twocars,acoupleoffourwheelersforentertainment—andwelovedit.Then,themarketturnedandmyhusband'sjobataconstructioncompanywasgone.Thecompanywasclosingdownforgood.Webothstartedlookingforjobsrightaway,butthereweren'tanytobefound.Witheachpassingdayweweregettingincreasinglyworriedandwecontinuedtoworktogetherinordertopullourfamilythrough.The__more__we__pulled__together,__the__closer__we__got.IfeltfeelingsofadmirationformyhusbandthatIhadn'tfeltinyears.That'swhyitwassohardformetowatchhimblamehimselfforourpresentsituation.Icontinuallyaskedhimtostop,butheseemedtowanttopunishhimselffornothavingajob.Finally,oneafternoonIpulledhimasideandsaid,“Wehavefourhealthychildrenandeachother.That'swhat'simportant.Thatmakesyouarichman.”“Butwhatifwelosethehouse?They'llhateme—you'llhateme，”hereplied.Ismiledathimandputmyhandsonbothsidesofhisfacetomakehimlookmeintheeye.“NomatterwhereweliveIwillbehappy—aslongasIhaveyou.”Ismiledagain.InallthestrugglingtogetherIhadfoundthatdeeploveforhimthatIhadonthedaywesaid“Ido”．Icouldseehisshouldersandneckrelaxed.Heheldmecloseandwewereabletotalkandplananddreamtogetherinawaythatwehadn'tforquitesometime.Itwasaturningpointforusasacoupleandafamily.Wearestillstrugglingforourbetterlife,butIconsideruswelloffbecausewehavesomethingthatmoneycan'tbuyandnoonecantakeawayfromus.1.Theunderlinedsentenceinthesecondparagraphmeansthat________.A.theybecamecloserastheystruggledtogetherB.theyhopedtofindjobsinthesamecompany-7-\nC.neitherofthemhadthecouragetofacethedifficultyD.theyweretryingtomaketheirrelationshipcloser2.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.theybothfoundgoodjobsatlastB.bothofthemwereworriedaboutjoblessnessC.herhusbandwastoblamefortheunemploymentD.theydidn'tloveeachotherwhentheygotmarried3.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheirpresentlife?A.Bitterbuteasy.B.Comfortableandhappy.C.Hardbutwarm.D.Welloffandrelaxing.4.Thebesttitleofthepassagemightbe________.A.WeHaveItAllB.WeFindItAgainC.APerfectCoupleD.AHardTime答案与解析：经济危机发生以后，丈夫的失业使作者的家庭生活发生了变化。丈夫常常因找不到工作而自责，这时作者就安慰他。面临困境，他们能够互相体谅、安慰，虽然他们没有找到工作，但是他们感觉在精神上更富有了。1．A　猜测句意题。结合语境可知，在丈夫找工作遭遇挫折的时候，妻子与他齐心协力、渡过难关。可见Themorewepulledtogether,thecloserwegot的含义是：我们越是团结在一起，我们的心就越靠近对方。2．B　推理判断题。根据第二段的前两句可知：他们对失业都很担心。故选B项。其他三项与文中内容不符。3．C　推理判断题。结合文章的内容可知，丈夫失业以后，作者家的生活比以前艰难，但是他们感受到了一种强烈的爱，所以在心灵深处更加温暖，用hardbutwarm描述作者一家现在的生活最合适。-7-\n4．B　主旨大意题。本文一开始谈到丈夫失业以后，“作者的家庭生活发生了变化。虽然多次找工作未果，但是他们更团结了，也更看重对方了。从感情方面来说他们又找回了(WeFindItAgain)久违的那种情感。WeFindItAgain为双关语，既与文中谈到的工作的话题重合，又暗示他们又找到了(幸福感)，最适合作本文标题。************************************************************结束(2022·海淀期末)MyBestEnemyOnceagain,Iwasinanewschool.SowasagirlinmyclassnamedLisa.That'swherethesimilarityended.Iwastallandshewassmall.Mythickblackhairhadbeenrecentlycutshortintoanuntidystyle.Hernaturalblondehairflowedtoherwaistandlookedgreat.Iwas12andoneoftheoldestintheclasswhileshewas11andtheyoungest.Iwasawkwardandshy.Shewasn't.Icouldn'tstandher,consideringhermyenemy.Butshelikedmeandwantedtobefriendswithme.Oneday,sheinvitedmeoverandIsaidyes—Iwastooshockedtoansweranyotherway.Myfamilyhadmovedsixtimesinsixyears,andIhadnevermanagedtodevelopanyfriendships.Butthisgirlwhoworethelatestfashionswantedmetogohomewithherafterschool.Shelivedinafunpartoftownthathadtwopizzaplaces,anallnightbookstore,amovietheaterandapark.Aswewalkedfromtheschoolbusstopthroughherneighborhood,Itriedtoguesswhichhousemightbehers.Wasitthewhiteonewiththeperfectlawnorthethreestoryhousewithafrontporch?Igotverysurprisedwhensheledmeintoanoldapartmentbuilding.Shelivedonthefourthfloorinatworoomplacewithhermother,herstepfather,hertwobrothersandhersister.Whenwegotintotheroomshesharedwithhersister,shetookoutabigcaseofBarbies,whichwasmynextsurprise.Ihadneverplayedwiththem.Wesatonthefloor,laughingaswemadeupcrazystoriesabouttheBarbies.Wefoundoutthatwebothwantedtobewriterswhenwewereolderandbothhadwildimaginations.Wehadagreattimethatafternoon.-7-\nLisawaslovedbythewholeneighborhood.Thebookstoreownerslentherfashionmagazines;themovietheatergaveherfreetickets...SoonIwasincludedinhermagicworld.Wesleptoverateachother'shouseandspenteveryfreemomenttogether.Lisa,myfirstrealfriendsincechildhood,helpedmegetthroughtheroughyearsofearlyadolescence(青春期)andtaughtmeanamazingandverysurprisingthingaboutmakingfriends:yourworstenemycanturnouttobeyourbestfriend.1.ThewriterandLisaweresimilarinthewaythat________.A.theywerebothnewstudentsB.theyhadthesamehairstyleC.theywerebothtallD.theywereofthesameage2.OnedayLisainvitedthewriter________.A.togotothemovieB.togotoherhomeC.togotowalkinaparkD.togotoapizzaplace3.InthepassagethewriterdescribedLisaasagirlwhowas________.A.awkwardandshyB.richandhappyC.quietandlonelyD.friendlyandlovely4.WhichofthefollowingdidthewriterlearnfromLisa?A.Howtomakeupstories.B.Howtodealwithenemies.C.Howtomakefriends.D.Howtoliveabetterlife.答案与解析：-7-\n1．A　细节理解题。从第一段中的“...Iwasinanewschool.Sowasagirl...”可以知道，作者和Lisa之间的相似点在于她们都是新来的学生。其他选项可以通过第二段进行排除，所以答案选A项。2．B　细节理解题。从第三段最后一句可以知道，Lisa邀请“我”去她家做客，所以答案选B项。3．D　逻辑推理题。从倒数第二段我们不难发现Lisa很受人欢迎，对人友善，活泼可爱，她并不害羞，家庭虽然不很富有，但家庭氛围融洽。由此可知D项最符合作者眼中的Lisa的性格形象，所以选D项。4．C　细节理解题。在最后一段，作者告诉我们，Lisa帮助“我”度过青春期早期的艰难时光，她教会了“我”如何交朋友。所以答案选C项。***********************************************************结束-7-