北京市通州区2022-2023学年高三英语上学期期末试卷（Word版附解析）

通州区2022—2023学年高三年级摸底考试英语试卷本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ithadbeenacrazydayatschool.Jordanwalkedinandslidhisbackpackoffhisshoulder.Hecollapsedinachair___1___andswallowedaglassofmilk.Jordanaskedhismomtopassthecookiestohim.“Please,”insistedMom.“PLEASEpassthecookies,”___2___Jordan.Hetoldhismomthathewishedheneverhadtoworryabout___3___.“Interesting,”saidMomasshelefttheroom.Thefollowingdayatbreakfast,Jordansatdowntoaplateofbaconandeggs.Jordanthoughtthefoodwasyummy,andhepiledthepancakesonhisplate.SuddenlyDadreachedoverand___4___thepancakesrightoffJordan’splate.Jordanwasshocked.Hewaswonderingwhathadhappenedtothe“___5___”.Jordannoticedablackcloudcoveringhisdad’sfaceJordanmuttered(嘀咕)thatsomethingstrangewasgoingon.Afewsecondslater,Momdownedaglassoforangejuiceandburped(打嗝)loudly.Jordanwas___6___.Thatwassounlikehismom.Ablackcloudcoveredherfaceaswell.Jordanknewforsurethatsomethingwaswrongwithalltheteenagersinhisworldwhenheshowedupatschoolthenextday,andDavid,oneofhisclassmates,___7___hiswaythroughlinecuttinginfrontofabunchofstudents.Theotherstudentslookeddisgusted,andJordan___8___asanotherblackcloudfloatedup(漂浮)infrontofDavid.“PoorDavid,”thoughtJordan.“Ifonlyhewouldremembertousehismanners!”Jordan___9___stoppedintheline.Thinkingabouthiswordsandthesetwodays’observation,hefeltsurprisedand____10____hewasjustlikeanadultwhotalkedaboutmannerseverywhere.1.A.nervouslyB.tiredlyC.disappointedlyD.lazily2.A.complainedB.promisedC.repeatedD.required3.A.mannersB.rulesC.spacesD.foods4.A.broughtB.carriedC.heldD.grabbed5.A.pleaseB.sorryC.pardonD.hello6A.interestedB.astonishedC.movedD.excited 7.A.pulledB.stoppedC.pushedD.changed8.A.listenedB.seemedC.touchedD.watched9.A.suddenlyB.actuallyC.obviouslyD.absolutely10.A.rememberedB.realizedC.imaginedD.believed【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.D5.A6.B7.C8.D9.A10.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了乔丹的妈妈教导他要注意礼仪，导致乔丹接下来几天，一直注意到生活中不礼貌的行为，觉得自己就像一个到处谈论礼仪的成年人。【1题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他疲惫地瘫倒在椅子上，吞下了一杯牛奶。A.nervously焦急地；B.tiredly疲劳地；C.disappointedly失望地；D.lazily懒散地。根据前文“Ithadbeenacrazydayatschool.”可知，在学校度过了疯狂的一天，所以是疲惫的。故选B项。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“请把饼干递给我，”乔丹重复道。A.complained抱怨；B.promised许诺；C.repeated重复；D.required需要。根据前文“Jordanaskedhismomtopassthecookiestohim.”以及““PLEASEpassthecookies,””可知，乔丹是把他的话重复了一遍。故选C项。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他告诉妈妈，他希望自己永远不用担心礼仪问题。A.manners礼貌；B.rules规则；C.spaces空间；D.foods食物。根据后文““Ifonlyhewouldremembertousehismanners!”Jordan　　　9　　　stoppedintheline.”可知，乔丹非常在意礼貌问题，所以此处是希望自己永远不用担心礼仪问题。故选A项。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，爸爸伸手从乔丹的盘子里抓起煎饼。A.brought带来；B.carried搬；C.held抓住；D.grabbed抓住。根据前文“Jordanthoughtthefoodwasyummy,andhepiledthepancakesonhisplate.”以及“SuddenlyDadreachedover”可知，乔丹把煎饼堆在盘子里，爸爸突然伸手，是来抓煎饼。故选D项。【5题详解】考查感叹词词义辨析。句意：他想知道那个“请”字怎么了。A.please请；B.sorry对不起；C.pardon原谅；D.hello你好。根据前文“Jordanaskedhismomtopassthecookiestohim.“Please,”insistedMom.”可知，妈妈教导乔丹，注意礼貌，所以爸爸突然抓他盘子里的煎饼，而不说“请”，他感到奇怪。故选A项。 【6题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乔丹很惊讶。A.interested感兴趣的；B.astonished感到十分惊讶；C.moved受感动的；D.excited激动的。根据前文“Afewsecondslater,Momdownedaglassoforangejuiceandburpedloudly.”可知，妈妈教导乔丹要注意礼仪，而她的表现却不注重礼貌，所以乔丹感到惊讶。故选B项。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当乔丹第二天出现在学校时，他确信他的世界里所有的青少年都出了问题，而他的同学大卫在一群学生面前插队。A.pulled拉；B.stopped停止；C.pushed推动；D.changed改变。根据后文“Theotherstudentslookeddisgusted”可知，其他同学很反感，因为大卫在插队，所以pushhisway意为“挤过去”符合句意。故选C项。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他学生看起来很反感，乔丹看着又一片乌云在大卫面前飘起。A.listened倾听；B.seemed好像；C.touched触摸；D.watched注视。根据后文“anotherblackcloudfloatedupinfrontofDavid.”可知，此处是指乔丹看到了又一片乌云在大卫面前飘起。故选D。【9题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：乔丹突然在队伍中停了下来。A.suddenly突然；B.actually事实上；C.obviously明显地；D.absolutely绝对地。根据后文“Thinkingabouthiswordsandthesetwodays’observation”可知，是乔丹突然想到这几天的说过的话，突然停了下来。故选A项。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：想到自己说过的话和这两天的观察，他感到很惊讶，他发现自己就像一个到处谈论礼仪的成年人。A.remembered回想起；B.realized意识到；C.imagined想象；D.believed相信。根据前文“Thinkingabouthiswordsandthesetwodays’observation”以及后文“hewasjustlikeanadultwhotalkedaboutmannerseverywhere.”可知，此处是指，乔丹突然想到这几天的说过的话，意识到自己就像一个到处谈论礼仪的成年人。故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。GrandmaXuisaseventy-year-oldruralwoman____11____didnotgraduatefromprimaryschool,butherabilitytospeak11foreignlanguagessurprisedmany.Shesoldwateratascenicspotduringtheday.Shelearnedforeignlanguagesbypersistentasking,frequenttalkingwith,and____12____(help)foreigntourists.Withherhardwork,diligence,andwarmheart,shelearneddifferentlanguages.She____13____(win)therecognitionoffriends fromallovertheworldandmadeherlifebetter.【答案】11.who##that12.helping13.haswon##won【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一位70岁的农村妇女，小学都没毕业，但能说11门外语的徐奶奶。【11题详解】考查限制性定语从句。句意：徐奶奶是一位70岁的农村妇女，小学都没毕业，但她能说11门外语的能力让很多人感到惊讶。分析句子可知，空处引导一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词woman，指人，并在从句中充当主语，所以应填关系代词who/that。故填who/that。【12题详解】考查动名词。句意：她通过不断地询问、经常与外国游客交谈、帮助外国游客来学习外语。空处作介词by的宾语，应填其动名词形式helping，表示“帮助”，与前面的asking和talking并列。故填helping。【13题详解】考查时态。句意：她赢得了来自世界各地朋友的认可，使她的生活变得更好。分析句子可知，空处谓语动词与后面的谓语动词made并列，所以可填动词过去式won，同时根据句意可知，空处也可表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，或对现在造成的影响，并可能持续发生下去，所以此处也可填现在完成式haswon，谓语动词与主语She保持主谓一致，用单数。故填haswon/won。B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AccordingtoChinaDaily,thesummerof2022becamethehottestsinceChina’smeteorological(气象学的)records____14____(begin).Theweatherforecastreportedthatthehightemperatureinsomeareascouldreach40℃,____15____(possible)breakingrecords.____16____(affect)bythehightemperatures,someareasexperienceddroughtandadecreaseinagriculturalproduction.Peopleandgovernmentsshouldbepreparedtodomoretotackleclimatechange.【答案】14.began15.possibly16Affected 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是据《中国日报》报道，2022年夏天成为中国有气象记录以来最热的夏天。【14题详解】考查时态。句意：据《中国日报》报道，2022年夏天成为中国有气象记录以来最热的夏天。since引导的时间状语从句中时态用一般过去时，因此空格处用过去式began，故填began。【15题详解】考查副词。句意：天气预报说，一些地区的高温可能达到40℃，可能会打破纪录。空格处用副词修饰动词breaking，possible的副词是possibly，意为“可能”，故填possibly。【16题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：受高温影响，一些地区出现干旱，农业减产。句中谓语是experienced，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Affected。C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ThreeastronautsstationedinChina’sTiangongspacestationreturnedinthemiddleofApril.____17____(live)inspaceforaboutsixmonths,theycompletedmorethan20scientifictasksandbroughtbacksamples____18____them.Besides,theyalsodeliveredtwolivelecturesfromthespacestation,____19____showedthestudentstheirlivingandworkingareas.Inadditiontothelectures,theyalsodemonstratedseveralscientific____20____(experiment)underzero-gravityconditions.【答案】17.Living##Havinglived18.with19.which20.experiments【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲驻扎在中国天宫空间站的三名宇航员于4月中旬返回。【17题详解】考查非谓语。句意：他们在太空生活了大约六个月，完成了20多项科学任务，并带回了样本。分析句子可知，这里应填非谓语，they和live是主动关系，再根据句意可知，这里应用现在分词一般式或者现在分词完成式作状语。用于句首，首字母大写。故填Living/Havinglived。【18题详解】考查介词。句意：他们在太空生活了大约六个月，完成了20多项科学任务，并带回了样本。分析句子可 知，这里考查bringsthwithsb表“随身携带某东西”，为固定搭配。故填with。【19题详解】考查定语从句。句意：此外，他们还在空间站进行了两场现场讲座，向学生展示了他们的生活和工作区域。分析句子可知，这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的句子，在从句中作主语。故填which。【20题详解】考查名词复数。句意：除了讲座，他们还演示了几项零重力条件下的科学实验。空处填名词作宾语，experiment为可数名字且由several可知，此空应填可数名词复数。故填experiments。第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AOneofthebestwaystoimproveourcommunitiesisthroughvolunteerwork.AccordingtoareportfromUnitedNationsVolunteers,itisestimatedthat140millionpeoplevolunteerineverynationandinavarietyofsettings.Forbesreportsthatresearchhasshownthatvolunteeringcangreatlybenefitvolunteers.Thesebenefitsincludeanincreasedsenseofproductivity,thedevelopmentofnewskills,resume-buildingexperience,improvedphysicalhealth,andtheemotionalrewardsthatcomewithothersappreciatingyouandyourefforts.Herearesometypesforyoutojoininlocalcommunities.SportsvolunteeringYoudon’tneedtobegoodatthesportinwhichyouwishtovolunteer.Someofthemostimportantcharacteristicsincludeenthusiasmandinterest.Yoursportsorganisationshouldputyouthroughanyqualificationsthatyouneedtocarryoutyourrole.Mostpeoplevolunteeronaveragetwoorthreehoursaweek,buttherearealsoopportunitiestovolunteermoreorlessoften.SupporttheRedCrossRedCrossisanorganizationthathelpswithdisasterrelief,blooddonations,andmore.BeingaRedCrossvolunteerprovidesexperienceinthemedicalfieldandallowsyoutohelpthoseinneed.TheRedCrossrespondstodisastersnationwideandhelpscommunitiesrecover.Itmaybedifficulttoseedamagedcommunities,butyoucouldhaveapartinassistingthemtorecover.Inaddition,youmaymeetnewfriendsalongtheway.OrganizeaSummerReadingProgramSummerreadingprogramsareonewaytokeepchildren’sreadingskillsactiveandtheirmindfreshduringthewholesummervacation.Organizingasummerreadingprogramisanexcellentwaytogetkidstoreadabook,broaden theirvocabulary,andlearnsomethingnew.Youcanshareyourfavoritebooks,offerprizestochildrenwhomeettheirgoals,andturntheprogramintoafriendlycompetition,allwhileteachingchildrentheimportanceofreading.21.Whatrequirementsdoyouneedtomeetifyouwanttovolunteerforsports?A.Befondofsports.B.Followthefixedschedule.C.Havepastthequalificationtests.D.Begoodatvariouskindsofsports.22.Thesummerreadingprogramcanhelpkidsto.A.sharetheirfavoritebooksB.organizebookreadingcompetitionsC.reviewwhattheyhavelearnedinschoolD.enrichtheirreadingexperienceinsummer23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?ATohelpmanagethelocalcommunity.B.Tointroducethecommunitiesinneed.C.Tointroducedifferentvolunteerprograms.D.Toshowthebenefitsofdoingvolunteerwork.【答案】21.A22.D23.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章向读者推荐了在当地社区中几个适合加入的志愿者活动类型。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“Sportsvolunteering”部分中“Youdon’tneedtobegoodatthesportinwhichyouwishtovolunteer.Someofthemostimportantcharacteristicsincludeenthusiasmandinterest.(你不需要擅长你想做志愿者的运动。一些最重要的特征包括热情和兴趣。)”可知，如果你想成为体育志愿者，一些最重要的特征包括对运动充满热情和兴趣。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据OrganizeaSummerReadingProgram部分中“Organizingasummerreadingprogramisanexcellentwaytogetkidstoreadabook,broadentheirvocabulary,andlearnsomethingnew.(组织一个暑期阅读项目是让孩子们读书、扩大词汇量、学习新东西的好方法。)”可知，组织一个暑期阅读项目能够丰富他们的夏季阅读体验。故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，向读者推荐了在当地社区中几个适合加入的志愿者活动类型。文章的目的是介绍 不同的志愿者项目。故选C。BThefirstessayIwroteformyhistoryofEnglishclasswasperfect,atleastfrommyperspective.Ihadworkedonitconstantlyandcouldn’twaittogetmygradeback.Ihandeditinwithpride.Twoweekslater,Ireceivedmygrade:aD.Thepageswerecoveredinredwriting,pointingouterrors.Theremusthavebeenamistake.Universitystartedlaterformethanmost.Theopportunitywasn’tavailablewhenIwasyounger—toomanykidsinourfamilyandtoolittlemoney.ButIneverstoppedwonderingwhatuniversitywouldhavebeenlike.Iwasinmy40swhenIsentinmyapplicationandasapart-timestudent,Iwillbeinmy60sbeforeI’mfinished.That’smygoal.What’sitliketobetheoldguyinaclassfullof20-year-olds?It’sstrange.Theyprettymuchignoredme,andIignoredthem.Theyalsoignoredeachother.However,afterwehadmoregroupworktogether,peoplestartedtocommunicate.AlthoughIwasanEnglishmajor,someofmyfavoriteclasseswereunrelatedelectives.CoursesinarthistoryandGreekandRomanhistorywerefascinating.Iwaseagertodowell.Iarrangedameetingtodiscussmyessaygradeandarrived10minutesearlytomeettheteacher’sassistantIwasreadytoargueforthebrillianceofmypaper.However,shequicklyexplainedtomethatthepaperfailedtomakeastrongargument.Themarkremained.Ikeptstudyingandkeptleaning,IlearnedtolovetwodozenwritersIhadneverheardofbeforeandexploredtypesofliteratureIhadneverexamined.Eventually,Ilearnedhowtowriteanessayinproperacademicprose.Universityisdifferentwhenyouareasenior,part-timestudent.Ifyouaretheretoestablishacareerorbecauseyourparentsforcedyoutogo,thereareotherpressures.Forme,it’sjustlearning.WhetherI’mlearningremotelyorinperson,itmakestheworldabigger,richerplace.24.Whydidthewriterstartuniversitylaterthanothers?A.Hisapplicationwasrefused.B.Histeacherdislikedhisessay.C.Hisfamilywasnotrichenough.D.Hishealthdidnotmeetthestandard.25.Howdidthewriterfeelafterreceivingthegradeofhisfirstessay?A.Surprised.B.PleasedC.Excited.D.Hopeless26.Whathelpedthewriterinwritingaproperacademicessay?A.Strongcuriosity.B.Constantefforts.C.Greatpressure.D.Remarkablecreativity.27.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.PracticeMakesPerfect B.NotAllThatShinesIsGoldC.WhereThereIsAWill,ThereIsAWayD.ActionSpeaksLouderThanWords【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在40多岁的时候申请成为一名兼职学生，之后不断努力学习，终于能够写出一篇合适的学术论文的故事。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Universitystartedlaterformethanmost.Theopportunitywasn’tavailablewhenIwasyounger—toomanykidsinourfamilyandtoolittlemoney.(我上大学比大多数人都晚。在我年轻的时候，没有这样的机会——家里孩子太多，钱太少。)”可知，作者上大学比其他人晚是因为他的家庭不够富裕。故选C。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Thepageswerecoveredinredwriting,pointingouterrors.Theremusthavebeenamistake.(纸上用红色字体标出错误。一定是弄错了。)”可知，作者在收到第一篇作文的分数后觉得惊讶，故选A。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Ikeptstudyingandkeptleaning,IlearnedtolovetwodozenwritersIhadneverheardofbeforeandexploredtypesofliteratureIhadneverexamined.Eventually,Ilearnedhowtowriteanessayinproperacademicprose.(我不断地学习，不断地学习，我爱上了二十几位我从未听说过的作家，探索了我从未研究过的文学类型。最终，我学会了如何用正确的学术散文写一篇文章。)”可知，不断的努力帮助作者写出一篇合适的学术论文。故选B。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段的“Ikeptstudyingandkeptleaning,IlearnedtolovetwodozenwritersIhadneverheardofbeforeandexploredtypesofliteratureIhadneverexamined.Eventually,Ilearnedhowtowriteanessayinproperacademicprose.(我不断地学习，不断地学习，我爱上了二十几位我从未听说过的作家，探索了我从未研究过的文学类型。最终，我学会了如何用正确的学术散文写一篇文章。)”可知，本文主要讲的是作者在40多岁的时候申请成为一名兼职学生，之后不断努力学习，终于能够写出一篇合适的学术论文的故事，说明了“有志者事竟成”这个道理，因此最好的题目是C选项“WhereThereIsAWill,ThereIsAWay(有志者事竟成)”，故选C。C NASA’sspacecraftDarthitanasteroid(小行星)11.3millionkilometersawayataspeed,changingtheasteroid’sorbitandlowereditscycleperiodbyI5minutes,thespaceorganizationannouncedonMonday.Somesaidthemoveshowstheworldmightnowbeabletopreventasteroids—thekindthatmadethedinosaursextinct—fromhittingtheEarth.Theasteroidthatwascontrolledbelongedtoadouble-asteroidsystem.Ithada160-meterdiameterwhiletheotherasteroid’sdiameterisover500meters.Thebiggerasteroidcanbecomparedtotheonethatendedthedinosaurera67millionyearsago.Ahitfromanasteroidthatsizecancauseunimaginabledestruction.However,itistooearlytoassertthattheworldhasgainedtheabilitytopreventasteroidsfromhittingus.Theasteroidthatwascontrolledwasonly160metersinsize.Itscycleperiodwaschanged,withoutchangingitsorbitsignificantly.ItisstillnotcleariftheorbitofamuchlargerasteroidheadedtowardtheEarthcanbechangedsuccessfully.Inbrief,NASA’ssuccessinchangingthecourseofaharmfulasteroidisdefinitelypraiseworthy,butmuchmoreneedstobedonebeforewecansaytheworld’ssecurityfromsomeunpredictableasteroidisguaranteed.Itshouldbenotedthatchangingtheorbitofanasteroidinvolvesmorethanjustsendinganobjectintospaceandcommandingittohittheasteroid.Whileitishardenoughtohitanasteroid,itisevenmoredifficulttolockontooneinthefirstplace.Itmeanshavingtheabilitytoobserveapproachingasteroids,measuringtheirrespectivespeeds,anddecidingwhichonesmightposeadangertotheEarth.Therefore,there’smoretoDarthittingtheasteroidthanmeetstheeye.Andthesearekeyareaswhereglobalscientistsneedtoworkharderinthefuture.28.WhatwasthelatestnewsaboutNASA?A.Itsnewprogramfailed.B.Itsmannedspaceshiphitanasteroid.C.Itsspacecraftchangedanasteroid’sorbit.D.Itsspacecraftsavedtheearthfrombeingdestroyed.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“assert”inParagraph3mostprobablymean?A.Advise.B.State.C.Promise.D.Admit.30.Whatcanwelearnabouttheasteroidthatwashit?A.Itwascomparativelysmallinsize.B.Itsorbitwaschangedsignificantly.C.Ittravelledatahigherspeedthanbefore.D.Itwaspowerfulenoughtoenddinosaurera. 31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardusingspacecraftstochangetheasteroidsorbits?A.Neutral.B.Optimistic.C.Pessimistic.D.Notmentioned.【答案】28.C29.B30.A31.B【解析】【导语】文章是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了美国航天局的宇宙飞船击中了小行星，并改变了其运动轨道。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“NASA’sspacecraftDarthitanasteroid(小行星)11.3millionkilometersawayataspeed,changingtheasteroid’sorbitandlowereditscycleperiodbyI5minutes,thespaceorganizationannouncedonMonday.(国际空间组于周一宣布，美国航天局宇宙飞船Dart以极快的速度击中了1130公里以外的一颗小行星，改变了它的轨道并且缩短了它的周期)”可知，飞船由于撞击小行星，改变了小行星的运行轨道和周期。故选C项。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Somesaidthemoveshowstheworldmightnowbeabletopreventasteroids—thekindthatmadethedinosaursextinct—fromhittingtheEarth.(有人说，这一举动表明，世界现在有能力阻止导致恐龙灭绝的小行星撞击地球)”和第三段的“theworldhasgainedtheabilitytopreventasteroidsfromhittingus.(世界已经获得防止小行星撞击我们的能力还为时尚早)”以及该段中的however可知，该处表示转折，故划线词含义应与上文“said”相对应，与state“宣称”意思接近。故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Theasteroidthatwascontrolledwasonly160metersinsize.Itscycleperiodwaschanged,withoutchangingitsorbitsignificantly.ItisstillnotcleariftheorbitofamuchlargerasteroidheadedtowardtheEarthcanbechangedsuccessfully.(被控制的小行星只有160米大。它的周期改变了，但轨道没有明显改变。目前还不清楚一颗更大的小行星朝向地球的轨道能否成功改变)”可推知，相对来说，这颗小行星比较小。故选A。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Inbrief,NASA’ssuccessinchangingthecourseofaharmfulasteroidisdefinitelypraiseworthy,butmuchmoreneedstobedonebeforewecansaytheworld’ssecurityfromsomeunpredictableasteroidisguaranteed.(简而言之，NASA成功地改变了一颗有害小行星的运行轨迹，这无疑是值得称赞的，但我们还需要做更多的工作，才能保证世界免受一些不可预测的小行星的威胁)”可推知，作者对于太空飞船改变小行星轨道是赞赏的态度。故选B。D Asinformationtechnologyhasimproved,themedicalindustry’sabilitytotreatpatientshasincreasedsignificantly.Overthepastdecade,doctorsandhealthcareprofessionalshaveseentheriseoftelemedicine.Inthemostbasicterms,telemedicinereferstothecapabilityofpatientstoconsultwithdoctorsusingremoteconferencingtechnology—thatis,withouttheneedforanin-personvisit.Inconventionalmedicine,patientsanddoctorsrarelydiscussthedetailsofapatient’sproblemorspecifictreatmentsoverthetelephone.Thesediscussionswerealmostalwayskeptwithintheprivacyofahospitaloradoctor’soffice.Thecostofhealthcareinsomecountriesisastronomicallyexpensive.Millionsofpeopleworldwidecannotreceiveproperhealthcareservicesbecauseofthecostofthetreatment.However,withhigh-speedinternetvideoconferencingandonlinefile-sharingtechnology,accesstohealthcarehasbecomemuchmoreconvenientandaffordablebecausehealthcareisprovidedfromthepatient’shome,andtransportationandtransferexpensesareeliminated(消除).AnarticlewrittenbytheAmericanJournalofManagedCareindicatesthatonaveragevirtualappointmentscostbetween$40to$50,whilein-personvisitscostawhopping(巨大)$179onaverage.Thismakestelemedicineamorecost-effectiveoption.Inadditiontothepositiveeconomicbenefits,forelderlypatients,orthosewithmobilityissues,telemedicineisagamechanger.Healthcareisalsonolongerlimitedbytheopenhoursatthelocaldoctor’soffice.Withthegloballyconnectedinternet,patientscancontactadoctoranytime.Theycouldaseasilyseeksecondopinionsfromdoctorsinotherpartsofthecountryorontheothersideoftheworld,forthatmatter.What’smore,telemedicinereducestherisksoftransmittinginfectiousdiseases,Inthepast,peoplewithsymptomssuchasflu,measles,etc.,visitedhospitals.Asthosediseasesarecontagious,othervisitorsandworkersareatriskofbeingexposedtothosediseases.Thisiswheretelemedicinecanstepintopreventcontagiousdiseasesfromspreading.Evenbetter,telemedicinelowersthenumberofpatientsinhospitals,whichfreesupstaffandresourcesforpatientsinurgentneed.Foraglimpseofthefutureoftelemedicine,considertheinternethospitalsthathaveemergedinrecentyears,whichoffermedicalconsultationstousersofonlineplatforms.Withthehelpofinternethospitals,userscanscheduleanappointmentandhaveahigh-qualityvideoconferencewithaqualifiedandprofessionalphysician.Moreover,doctorscanevenprescribeandhavemedicationonlineandhavethemshippedtothepatientsusingexpress.Lessthantwodecadesago,suchconvenientaccesstohealthcarewouldhaveseemedunimaginable.However,itdoeshavelimitations,suchascollectingfreshsamplesformedicaltestsandX-rays.Whiletelemedicinecan’tchangethecurrenthealthcareovernight,itwillbeapartofthemodemmedicalsystem.32WhatareParagraph2andParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thecostofthehealthcare.B.Theadvantagesoftelemedicine. C.Theprivacyissueofthepatients.D.Thepreventionofthecontagiousdiseases.33.Accordingtothepassage,withtelemedicine,patients.A.paythehealthcareexpenseeasilyonlineB.getaccesstodifferentkindsofmedicaltestsC.havetheriskofbeingaffectedbythediseasesD.getprofessionalsuggestionsfromdoctorsathomeandabroad34.Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?A.Internethospitalswillreplaceconventionalhospitalsinthefuture.B.Telemedicine’sexistingproblemsaregreaterthanthepotentialbenefits.C.Doctorsfindtelemedicinehelpfulforcollectingfreshmedicaltestsamples.D.Telemedicinemakesthemedicalserviceavailablefromthecomfortofhome.【答案】32.B33.D34.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了科技给医疗带来了很大的改变。文章列举了远程医疗为人们带来的方便和益处。【32题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“However,withhigh-speedinternetvideoconferencingandonlinefile-sharingtechnology,accesstohealthcarehasbecomemuchmoreconvenientandaffordablebecausehealthcareisprovidedfromthepatient’shome,andtransportationandtransferexpensesareeliminated.(然而，随着高速互联网视频会议和在线文件共享技术的发展，医疗保健变得更加方便和负担得起，因为医疗保健是在患者家中提供的，并且消除了运输和转移费用。)”以及第三段中“Inadditiontothepositiveeconomicbenefits,forelderlypatients,orthosewithmobilityissues,telemedicineisagamechanger.(除了积极的经济利益外，对于老年患者或行动不便的患者来说，远程医疗是一个改变游戏规则的因素。)”可知，第二段和第三段主要讲述的是远程医疗的优势。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Healthcareisalsonolongerlimitedbytheopenhoursatthelocaldoctor’soffice.Withthegloballyconnectedinternet,patientscancontactadoctoranytime.(保健服务也不再受当地医生办公室开放时间的限制。有了全球联网的互联网，患者可以随时联系医生。)”可知，有了远程医疗患者不受空间限制可以从国内外医生那里得到专业的建议。故选D。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Withthehelpofinternethospitals,userscanscheduleanappointmentandhave ahigh-qualityvideoconferencewithaqualifiedandprofessionalphysician.Moreover,doctorscanevenprescribeandhavemedicationonlineandhavethemshippedtothepatientsusingexpress.(在互联网医院的帮助下，用户可以预约并与合格的专业医生进行高质量的视频会议。此外，医生甚至可以在网上处方和获取药物，并使用快递将药物运送给患者。)”可知远程医疗使人们足不出户就可以享受医疗服务。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Stockmarketclub,Germanclub,magicclub...Thesearesomeofthemanyfunclubsatourschool.Whatmakestheseclubssospecial?____35____Frombringingupideastoputtingthemintoaction,thestudentsdoeverything.____36____Assoonaswordgotout,studentstookthechance.MyfriendandIwereinterestedinawritingteamwhichwassetupbyourclassmates.Wetookpartinthetryoutsforthewritingteam.Itwasverycompetitive.Wetriedtowriteanarticletoapplyforit.____37____Thenwerealizedthatwedidn’tgetusedtowritinginthatkindofstyle.Soonwegottheideatosetupanon-competitivewritingclub.Anyonewholovestowritecanjoin.So,wecreatedWriteSpace.First,weplannedthegoaloftheclub.Wehopedthatmemberscouldsharetheirwritinginregularmeetings.Memberswouldgiveeachotheradviceandmakeprogresstogether.Wealsothoughtabouthowtoinvitenewmembersandraisefunds.____38____Whentheschoolagreed,wegotanewclub!Startingaclubisnoteasy,butleadingitisharder.Afullystudent-runclubisagoodchancetotestyourleadershipskills.____39____A.Theyarenotledbyteachers.B.Weworkedhardtoleadtheclub.C.Unfortunately,wedidnotpassit.D.Thenwesenttheproposaltotheschool.E.Therearescienceclubs,artclubsandsportsclubs.F.Thisopportunitytodayistrulycreatingleadersfortomorrow.G.Ourschoolrecentlyannouncedthatwecouldstartourownclubs.【答案】35.A36.G37.C38.D39.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者向学校申请创建俱乐部的故事。【35题详解】由前文“Whatmakestheseclubssospecial?(是什么让这些俱乐部如此特别？)”和后文“Frombringingupideastoputtingthemintoaction,thestudentsdoeverything.(从提出想法到付诸行动，学生们无所不为。)”可 知，这次活动是学生主导的。而A项Theyarenotledbyteachers.(他们不是由老师领导的。)符合语境，有启下作用。故选A项。【36题详解】由后文“Assoonaswordgotout,studentstookthechance.(消息一出，学生们就抓住了机会。)”可知，这里主要讲学生积极参与创建俱乐部。而G项Ourschoolrecentlyannouncedthatwecouldstartourownclubs.(我们学校最近宣布我们可以成立自己的俱乐部。)符合语境，其中announced和后文wordgotout对应。故选G项。【37题详解】由后文“Thenwerealizedthatwedidn’tgetusedtowritinginthatkindofstyle.(然后我们意识到我们不习惯这种风格的写作。)”可推知，作者他们的申请没有通过，所以C项Unfortunately,wedidnotpassit.(不幸的是，我们没有通过。)符合语境。故选C项。【38题详解】由后文“Whentheschoolagreed,wegotanewclub!(学校同意后，我们有了一个新俱乐部！)”可知，这里讲作者他们的申请通过了，所以前句应该讲他们再次申请，D项Thenwesenttheproposaltotheschool.(然后我们把申请送到学校。)符合语境。故选D项。【39题详解】由前文“Startingaclubisnoteasy,butleadingitisharder.Afullystudent-runclubisagoodchancetotestyourleadershipskills.(成立一家俱乐部并不容易，但领导俱乐部更难。一个完全由学生经营的俱乐部是测试你领导能力的好机会。)”可知，这里主要讲成立俱乐部的益处，所以F项Thisopportunitytodayistrulycreatingleadersfortomorrow.(今天的这个机会真正造就了明天的领导者。)符合语境，其中leaders与前文yourleadershipskills对应。故选F项。第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英语回答问题。Onceuponatime,thefamilydiningtablewouldbesetwithasimpleclotheachnight.Plates,forks,andspoonswouldbelaidout.Asdinnertimeapproached,anincreasingnumberofhungrymouthswouldbegintoappearwiththequestion,“What’sfordinner?”Nowthesituationisdifferent.Wheredidyourfamilyeatdinnerlastnight?Inthecaronthewaytosports?AtMcDonald’s?Oratthedinnertable?Asurveytakenafewyearsagofoundthat28%familiesatedinnertogetherathomesevennightsaweek.Anotherquartersaidtheyatetogetherthreeorfewernightsaweek.Whataccountsforthisdeclineinfamilieseatingtogethertodaythough?Thedataseemstopointtotwomain issues:overworkedparentsandover-scheduledchildren.Whenmumordaddoesgethomeintheevening,theyaresooninthecaragaintosendthechildrentosoccer,music,tutoring,andahostofotherevents.Thisnightlyceremonyaroundthedinnertableiswhatkeepsafamilytogether.Sure,theconversationisnotalwayssignificant,andchildrenargue.Andsometimesthedeepestandmostmeaningfultimesinafamilyarenotatthetableatall.However,thereisstillsomethinguniqueaboutthetimeafamilyspendsaroundthedinnertable.Thedinnertableistheplacewhereafamilybuildsanidentity.Storiesarepasseddown,jokesareexchanged,andthewiderworldisexaminedthroughthelens(镜头)ofafamily’svalues.Childrenpickupvocabularyandasenseofhowaconversationisstructured.Dinnertimeis“familytime”.Comingbackdailytothesameplacehelpsgainfamiliarity.Thesignificanceofdinnertimeismorethantheabove.Studiesshowthatthemorefamilieseattogether,thelesslikelythechildrenaretosmoke,drink,anddevelopeatingdisorders,andthemorelikelytheyaretodowellinschoolandlearnhowtosocialize.OneprofessoratRutgersUniversityinNewJerseystated,“Amealisaboutcivilizingchildren.It’satimetoteachthemtobeamemberoftheirculture.”Sostartbyplanningsomestay-at-homefamilydinnerstogether.Justfamilytalk.40.Wheredidpeopleusuallyhavedinnerinthepast?______________________________________________________41.Whatcausesthedeclineinfamilieseatingtogether?______________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.ØIffamilieseattogethermoreoften,childrenwillbemorelikelytodowellinschoolandlearnhowtosocialize,andwillnothavebadhabitsoreatingdisordersatall.______________________________________________________43.Apartfromhavingfamilydinnerstogether,whatotherway(s)canyouthinkoftokeepafamilytogether?(Inabout40words)______________________________________________________【答案】40.Peopleusuallyhaddinnerwiththeirfamiliesathome/atdinnertableinthepast.41.Overworkedparentsandover-scheduledchildrencausethedeclineinfamilieseatingtogether.42.Iffamilieseattogethermoreoften,childrenwillbemorelikelytodowellinschoolandlearnhowtosocialize,andwillnothavebadhabitsoreatingdisordersatall.Accordingtothepassage,themorefamilieseattogether,thelesslikelythechildrenwillsmoke,drinkanddevelopeatingdisorders,insteadofnothavingtheseproblemsatall. 43.Organizingfamilysportsdayscanalsobringfamiliestogether.Wecannotonlyenjoythecompanyofourfamilies,butalsoenjoythefunbroughtbysports.Inaddition,childrencanalsolearnthesenseofcompetition.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。现在家人们在一起吃晚餐的时间越来越少，但研究表明家人共进晚餐有很多好处，因此呼吁人们进行家庭聚餐。【40题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段的“Onceuponatime,thefamilydiningtablewouldbesetwithasimpleclotheachnight.(从前，家庭餐桌每晚都会用一块简单的布来摆放)”可知，以前人们通常在家里和家人一起共进晚餐。故答案为：Peopleusuallyhaddinnerwiththeirfamiliesathome/atdinnertableinthepast.【41题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段的“Whataccountsforthisdeclineinfamilieseatingtogethertodaythough?Thedataseemstopointtotwomainissues:overworkedparentsandover-scheduledchildren.(那么，是什么导致了如今家庭聚餐的减少呢?数据似乎指向两个主要问题:过度劳累的父母和过度安排的孩子)”可知，过度疲劳的父母和过度安排的孩子导致家庭聚餐减少。故答案为：Overworkedparentsandover-scheduledchildrencausethedeclineinfamilieseatingtogether.【42题详解】考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段的“Studiesshowthatthemorefamilieseattogether,thelesslikelythechildrenaretosmoke,drink,anddevelopeatingdisorders,andthemorelikelytheyaretodowellinschoolandlearnhowtosocialize(研究表明，家庭成员在一起吃饭的次数越多，孩子吸烟、酗酒和饮食失调的可能性就越小，他们在学校的表现就越好，也就越有可能学会如何社交)”可知，家庭成员在一起吃饭的次数越多，孩子吸烟、酗酒和饮食失调的可能性就越小，他们在学校的表现就越好。而句中“willnothavebadhabitsoreatingdisordersatall.(不会有坏习惯或饮食失调)”文章没有提到。故答案为:Iffamilieseattogethermoreoften,childrenwillbemorelikelytodowellinschoolandlearnhowtosocialize,andwillnothavebadhabitsoreatingdisordersatall.Accordingtothepassage,themorefamilieseattogether,thelesslikelythechildrenwillsmoke,drinkanddevelopeatingdisorders,insteadofnothavingtheseproblemsatall.【43题详解】开放性问题。答案言之有理即可，注意字数。例如：Organizingfamilysportsdayscanalsobringfamiliestogether.Wecannotonlyenjoythecompanyofourfamilies,butalsoenjoythefunbroughtbysports.Inaddition,childrencanalsolearnthesenseofcompetition.第二节(20分) 44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校的英国交换生Jim酷爱阅读，恰逢学校新图书馆投人使用，请你用英文给Jim写一封电子邮件，介绍新图书馆的情况。内容包括：1.新图书馆开放时间及借阅须知；2.新图书馆藏书等情况。注意：1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJim,Iknowyoulovereadingbooks.Hereisapieceofgoodnewsforyou.OurnewlibraryhasbeenputintouserecentlyandIstronglyrecommendyouvisiting.It’sopenfrom8:30am.to18:30pm.andyouneedtoapplyforalibrarycardfirst.Thebooksyouborrowfromthelibraryneedtobereturnedontime.Borrowersareresponsibleforanydamagecausedbythemtothebooks.Thelibrary’scollectionsincludearoundtenthousandvolumeswhichcoveralmostallthefieldssuchasscience,history,philosophyandsoon.Hereyoucanalsoreadnewspapersandcurrentperiodicals,whichcankeepyouupdatedoncurrentaffairs.Youwon’tbedisappointed.Ipromise!Ifyouneedmoreinformationaboutthenewlibrary,pleaseletmeknow.Iwillsendyoumoredetails.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校的英国交换生Jim酷爱阅读，恰逢学校新图书馆投人使用，请你根据所给提示与要求，用英文给Jim写一封电子邮件，介绍新图书馆的情况。【详解】1.词汇积累好的：good→excellent 更新：update→renovate失望的：disappointed→upset当前的：current→present2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Borrowersareresponsibleforanydamagecausedbythemtothebooks.拓展句：Borrowersareresponsibleforanydamagewhichiscausedbythemtothebooks.【点睛】[高分句型1]Thelibrary’scollectionsincludearoundtenthousandvolumeswhichcoveralmostallthefieldssuchasscience,history,philosophyandsoon.（运用了which引导的限制性定语从句）[高分句型2]Hereyoucanalsoreadnewspapersandcurrentperiodicals,whichcankeepyouupdatedoncurrentaffairs.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）