北京市通州区2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析）

通州区2022—2023学年第一学期高二年级期末质量检测英语试卷本试卷共8页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一部分：阅读理解(共两节，28分)第一节(共9小题;每小题2分，共18分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AApprovedandProhibitedItemsThefollowingitemsareapprovedforuseinresidential(住宿的)rooms:hairdryers,personalcomputers,radios,televisionsandDVDplayers.Itemsthatarenotallowedinstudentroomsinclude:candles,ceilingfans,fireworks,waterbeds,sunlampsandwirelessrouters.PleasenotethatanyprohibiteditemswillbetakenawaybytheOfficeofResidenceLife.AccesstoResidentialRoomsStudentsareprovidedwithacombination(组合密码)fortheirroomdoorlocksuponcheck-in.Donotshareyourroomdoorlockcombinationwithanyone.TheOfficeofResidenceLifemaychangethedoorlockcombinationatanytimeattheexpenseoftheresidentifitisfoundthatthestudenthassharedthecombinationwithothers.Thefeeis$25tochangearoomcombination.CookingRulesStudentslivinginbuildingsthathavekitchensareonlypermittedtocookinthekitchen.Studentsmustcleanupaftercooking.Thisisnottheresponsibilityofhousekeepingstaff.Kitchensthatarenotkeptcleanmaybeclosedforuse.Withtheexceptionofusingamicrowaveoven(微波炉)toheatfood，studentsarenotpermittedtocookintheirrooms.QuietHoursResidentialbuildingsmustmaintainanatmospherethatsupportstheacademicmissionoftheUniversity.Minimumquiethoursinallcampusresidencesare11:00pmto8:00amSundaythroughThursday.QuiethoursonFridayandSaturdaynightsare1:00amto8:00am.Studentswhogoagainstquiethoursaresubjecttoafineof$25.1.Whichofthefollowingitemsareallowedinstudentrooms?A.Candlesandradios.B.Ceilingfansandwaterbeds. C.TVsandHairdryers.D.Personalcomputersandsunlamps.2.Whatdoweknowaboutthecookingrules?A.Ahousekeeperistocleanupthekitchen.B.Cookinginstudentroomsispermitted.C.Studentsaretoclosekitchendoorsaftercooking.D.Amicrowaveovencanbeused.3.Whencanstudentsenjoyapartyinresidences?A.00:30am,Saturday.B.11:30pm,Monday.C.7:00am,Sunday.D.7:30am,Thursday.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍的是大学宿舍管理的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据ApprovedandProhibitedItems部分中的“Thefollowingitemsareapprovedforuseinresidential(住宿的)rooms:hairdryers,personalcomputers,radios,televisionsandDVDplayers.Itemsthatarenotallowedinstudentroomsinclude:candles,ceilingfans,fireworks,waterbeds,sunlampsandwirelessrouters.(以下物品被批准用于住宿的房间：吹风机，个人电脑，收音机，电视和DVD播放器。学生房间内不允许携带的物品包括：蜡烛、吊扇、烟花、水床、太阳灯和无线路由器。)”可知，电视和吹风机是学校允许和禁止携带的物品。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据CookingRules部分中的“Withtheexceptionofusingamicrowaveoven(微波炉)toheatfood，studentsarenotpermittedtocookintheirrooms.(除了使用微波炉加热食物外，学生不得在自己的房间里做饭。)”可知，除了在屋内使用微波炉加热食物之外，不允许学生在宿舍内做饭。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据QuietHours部分中的“Minimumquiethoursinallcampusresidencesare11:00pmto8:00amSundaythroughThursday.QuiethoursonFridayandSaturdaynightsare1:00amto8:00am.(所有校园宿舍的最低安静时间为周日至周四晚上11：00至上午8：00。周五和周六晚上的安静时间为凌晨1：00至上午8：00。)”可知，要求学生在周日到周四的晚上11点到上午8点以及周五和周六的凌晨1点到上午8点保持安静，所以这些时段以外的时间可以活动，A项“星期六上午00:30。”学生可以在宿舍中中参加聚会。故选A项。BScientiststodayaremakinggreaterefforttostudyoceancurrents(洋流).Mostdoitusingsatellitesandotherhigh-techequipment.However,oceanexpertCurtisEbbesmeyerdoesitinaspecialway—studyingmovementsof randomfloatinggarbage(垃圾).Ascientistwithmanyyears’experience,hestartedthistypeofresearchintheearly1990swhenheheardabouthundredsofathleticshoeswashingupontheshoresofthenorthwestcoastoftheUnitedStates.Thereweresomanyshoesthatpeopleweresettingupswapmeetstotryandmatchleftandrightshoestosellorwear.Ebbesmeyerfoundoutinhisresearchesthattheshoes—about60,000intotal—fellintotheoceaninashippingaccident.Hephonedtheshoecompanyandaskediftheywantedtheshoesback.Asexpected,thecompanytoldhimthattheydidn’t.Ebbesmeyerrealizedthiscouldbeagreatexperiment.Ifhelearnedwhenandwheretheshoeswentintothewaterandtrackedwheretheylanded,hecouldlearnalotaboutthepatternsofoceancurrents.ThePacificNorthwestisoneoftheworld’sbestareasforbeachcombing(海滩搜寻)becausewindsandcurrentsjoinhere,andasaresult,thereisagroupofseriousbeachcombersinthearea.Ebbesmeyergottoknowalotofthemandaskedfortheirhelpincollectinginformationaboutwheretheshoeslanded.Inayearhecollectedreliableinformationon1,600shoes.Withthisdata,heandacolleaguewereabletotestandimproveacomputerprogramdesignedtomodeloceancurrents,andpublishthefindingsoftheirstudy.Astheresultofhiswork,Ebbesmeyerhasbecomeknownasthescientisttocallwithquestionsaboutanyunusualobjectsfoundfloatingintheocean.Hehasevenstartedanassociationofbeachcombersandoceanexperts,with500subscribersfromWestAfricatoNewZealand.Theyhaverecordedalllostobjectsrangingfrompotatoestogolfgloves.4.Ebbesmeyerphonedtheshoecompanytofindout________.A.howmuchtheylostintheshippingaccidentB.whetheritwasallrighttousetheirshoesC.whenandwheretheshoeswentmissingD.whatcausedtheshippingaccident5.HowdidEbbesmeyerprovehisassumption?A.Bysearchingthewebforoceancurrentsmodels.B.Bystudyingtheshoesfoundbybeachcomber.CByresearchingoceancurrentsdatainthelibrary.D.Bycollectinginformationfrombeachcombers.6.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassage?A.Togivetipsonhowtosearchforlostobjectsonthebeach.B.Toexplainauniquewayofstudyingoceancurrents.C.Tocallpeople’sattentiontooceanpollution.D.Towarnpeopleofshippingsafetyintheocean.【答案】4.B5.D6.B【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述海洋专家CurtisEbbesmeyer通过一种特殊的方式来研究洋流，即通过追踪随机漂浮垃圾的运动轨迹来研究洋流。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Hephonedtheshoecompanyandaskediftheywantedtheshoesback.Asexpected,thecompanytoldhimthattheydidn’t.Ebbesmeyerrealizedthiscouldbeagreatexperiment.（他打电话给制鞋公司，问他们是否想要回鞋子。不出所料，该公司告诉他，他们不想要回这些鞋子。Ebbesmeyer意识到这可能是一个伟大的实验）”可知，Ebbesmeyer打电话给该公司想弄清该他们是否想要回这些鞋子，得到“不想要回”的答复之后，Ebbesmeyer决定利用这些鞋子做实验。因此Ebbesmeyer打电话的目的是为了确定自己是否有权使用这些鞋子。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Inayearhecollectedreliableinformationon1,600shoes.Withthisdata,heandacolleaguewereabletotestandimproveacomputerprogramdesignedtomodeloceancurrents,andpublishthefindingsoftheirstudy.（在一年内，他收集了1600双鞋的可靠信息。有了这些数据，他和一位同事能够测试和改进一个用于模拟洋流的计算机程序，并发表了他们的研究结果）”可知，Ebbesmeyer通过收集这些来到海滩的人的鞋子信息来验证并得到研究结果的。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Scientiststodayaremakinggreaterefforttostudyoceancurrents(洋流).Mostdoitusingsatellitesandotherhigh-techequipment.However,oceanexpertCurtisEbbesmeyerdoesitinaspecialway—studyingmovementsofrandomfloatinggarbage（今天，科学家们正在努力研究洋流。大多数人使用卫星和其他高科技设备。然而，海洋专家CurtisEbbesmeyer一采用种特殊的方式来研究洋流，即通过追踪随机漂浮垃圾的运动轨迹来研究洋流）”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是阐述一种特殊的研究海洋洋流的方式。故选B。CBrrriiinnng.Thealarmclockannouncesthestartofanotherbusyweekdayinthemorning.Youjumpoutofbed,rushintotheshower,intoyourclothesandoutthedoorwithhardlyamomenttothink.Astressfuljourneytoworkgetsyourbloodpressureclimbing.Onceattheoffice,youglancethroughthenewspaperwithdepressingstoriesorreportsofdisasters.Inthatsortofmood,whocangetdowntowork,particularlysomecreative,originalproblem-solvingwork?Thewaymostofusspendourmorningsisexactlyoppositetotheconditionsthatpromoteflexible,open-mindedthinking.Imaginativeideasaremostlikelytocometouswhenwe’reunfocused.Ifyouareoneofthoseenergeticmorningpeople,yourmostinventivetimecomesintheearlyeveningwhenyouarerelaxed.Sleepypeople’slackof focusleadstoanincreaseincreativeproblemsolving.Bynotgivingyourselftimetotuneintoyourwanderingmind,you’remissingoutonthesurprisingsolutionsitmayoffer.Thetripyoutaketoworkdoesn’thelp,either.Thestressslowsdownthespeedwithwhichsignalstravelbetweenneurons(神经细胞),makinginspirationslesslikelytooccur.Andwhileweallshouldreadalotaboutwhat’sgoingonintheworld,itwouldnotmakeyoufeelgoodforsure,soputthatnewswebsiteornewspaperasideuntilaftertheday’sworkisdone.Sowhatwouldourmorningslooklikeifwewantedtostartthemwithafullcapacityforcreativeproblemsolving?We’dsetthealarmafewminutesearlyandlieawakeinbed,followingourthoughtswheretheylead.We’dstandalittlelongerunderthewarmwateroftheshower,stoppingthinkingabouttasksinfavorofafewmoreminutesofrelaxation.We’dtakesomedeepbreathsonourwaytowork,insteadofcomplainingaboutheavytraffic.Andonceintheoffice—afterwegetacupofcoffee—we’dclickonlinksnottothenewsofthedaybuttothefunniestvideosthewebhastooffer.7.Accordingtotheauthor,wearemorecreativewhenweare________.A.busyB.awakeC.focusedD.relaxed8.By“tuneintoyourwanderingmind”inParagraph2,theauthormeans“________”.A.switchtothetrafficchannelB.stopconcentratingonanythingC.listentoabeautifultuneD.wanderintothewild9.Theauthorwritesthelastparagraphinorderto________.A.advocatediversewaysoflifeB.establisharoutineforthefutureC.offerpracticalsuggestionsD.summarizepastexperiences【答案】7.D8.B9.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，放松心情更有利于提高工作效率和创造性的解决问题，压力阻滞了神经细胞信号的传输，只会导致工作效率下降。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Ifyouareoneofthoseenergeticmorningpeople,yourmostinventivetimecomesintheearlyeveningwhenyouarerelaxed.”（如果你是那种早晨精力充沛的人，那么你最具创造力的时刻就是傍晚放松的时候。）可知放松使我们更具有创造性，故选D项。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线句“Bynotgivingyourselftimetotuneintoyourwanderingmind,you’remissingoutonthesurprisingsolutionsitmayoffer.”（不给自己时间去tuneintoyourwanderingmind,,你将错失有创造性的 解决问题的方法。）可知,如果你不把时间用在胡思乱想，也就是你的思想不集中的时候，你就会错过很多解决问题的方法。故划线部分是指思维不集中。故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段开头“Sowhatwouldourmorningslooklikeifwewantedtostartthemwithafullcapacityforcreativeproblemsolving?”（那么，如果我们想以创造性地解决问题的全部能力来开始我们的早晨，我们会是什么样子呢？）本段开头提出了如何解决问题的疑问，后文都是在提出建议，比如提早起身、洗热水澡、做深呼吸等，所以最后一段主要提供实质性的建议，故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Imagineachildstandingonadivingboardfourfeethighandaskinghimselfthequestion:“ShouldIjump?”Thisiswhatmotivationorthelackofitcando.____10____Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.Likethechildonthedivingboard,youwillstayundecided.Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?____11____First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvalues,yourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.Onlythenshouldyousetyourgoals.Youalsoneedtojudgethequalityanddepthofyourmotivation.Thisisquiteimportant,becauseitisdirectlyrelatedtoyourcommitment.Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.____12____So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.Clarity(清晰)ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforward.Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectiveskeepinginmindyourbeliefs,valuesandstrengths.Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.____13____Theyalsoneedtobemeasurable.Youmustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.Yourpersonalcircumstancesareequallyimportant.Forexample,youmaywanttobeapilotbutcan’tbecomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.____14____Youshouldreassessyourgoals,andmotivateyourselftosetafreshgoal.Youwillsurelyneedtoovercomesomedifficulties,someplanned,butmostunplanned.Youcannotovercomethemwithoutenoughmotivation.Makesurethatyouplanforthesedifficultiesatthetimeofsettingyourgoals.A.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.B.Communicationhelpstounderstandeachother.C.Thiscanaffectyourwork.D.Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofsamecoin.E.Sowhyshouldwetrytofindsupportingevidence? F.Morethanthat,howshouldyoustaymotivatedtoachievethegoal?G.However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.【答案】10.D11.F12.C13.A14.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了动机和目标的关系以及如何激发动机并设定切实可行的目标。【10题详解】根据下文“Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.”（没有动机，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它。）所以空处应该讲述动机和目标的关系。D项“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面。”提到了动机和目标是互补的，切题，故选D。【11题详解】上文“Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?”（那你该怎么激励自己呢？）以问题形式提出你应该如何激励自己，后文“First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvalues,yourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.”（首先，你需要评估你自己，你的价值观，你的长处，你的弱点，你的成就，你的欲望，等等。）提出了激励自己的方式，因而空处应承接上文，继续以问题的形式提出如何保持动机来实现目标，F项“更重要的是，你应该如何保持动机去实现目标？”，切题，故选F。【12题详解】上文“Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.”（有时候你的心不在工作上。），提到对待工作你有心不在焉的时刻。下文说“So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.”（所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什么。），所以设空处应承上启下，讲述你的心不在焉会影响工作，引出下文相应的应对策略。C选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选C。【13题详解】上文“Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.”（记得，目标是灵活的。）可知，目标是灵活的。因而空处应该承接上文，讲述目标灵活的表现是如何的。A选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变。”切题，故选A。【14题详解】上文“Forexample,youmaywanttobeapilotbutcan’tbecomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.”（你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。）说明了阻碍你实现梦想的原因是因为自己的视力，即你的身体的缺陷。下文“Youshouldreassessyourgoals,andmotivateyourselftosetafreshgoal.”（你应该重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标。），讲述了我们要实时得做出改变，设定自己的新的目标。因而该空承上启下，讲述对于自己的缺陷不要气馁。G选项“然而，这不应该使你气馁。”切题，故选G。第二部分：知识运用(共三节，40分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。DaleCarnegierosefromtheunknownofaMissourifarmtointernationalfamebecausehefoundawaytofillauniversalhumanneed.Itwasaneedthathefirstrecognizedbackin1906whenyoungDalewasajunioratStateTeachersCollegeinWarrensburg.Togetaneducation,hewasstrugglingagainstmany____15____.Hisfamilywaspoor.HisDadcouldn’t____16____theboardatcollege,soDalehadtoridehorseback12milestoattendclasses.Hewithdrew(退出)frommanyschoolactivitiesbecausehedidn’thavethetimeorthe____17____.Hehadonlyonegoodsuit.Hetriedforthefootballteam,butthecoachturnedhimdownforbeingtoo____18____.DuringthisperiodDalewasslowlydevelopinganinferioritycomplex(自卑感),whichhismotherknewcould____19____himfromachievinghisrealpotential.She____20____thatDalejointhedebatingteambecauseshebelievedthatpracticeinspeakingcouldgivehimthe____21____andtherecognitionthatheneeded.Daletookhismother’sadvice,triedhardandafterseveralattempts____22____madeit.Thisprovedtobea____23____pointinhislife.BythetimeDalewasasenior,he____24____everytophonorinspeech.Outofthisearlystruggletoovercomehisfeelingsofinferiority,Dalecametounderstandthattheabilitytoexpressanideatoanaudiencebuildsaperson’sconfidence.And,withit,Daleknewhecoulddoanythinghewantedtodo-andsocouldothers.15.A.shortcomingsB.thoughtsC.difficultiesD.enemies16.A.affordB.chooseC.occupyD.change17.A.talentsB.clothesC.permitsD.hobbies18.A.outgoingB.flexibleC.optimisticD.light19.A.protectB.preventC.saveD.free20.A.insistedB.demandedC.suggestedD.required21.A.progressB.experienceC.praiseD.confidence22.A.finallyB.certainlyC.hopefullyD.naturally23.A.breakingB.turningC.endingD.linking24.A.hadtouchedB.hadnoticedC.hadwonD.hadpicked【答案】15.C16.A17.B18.D19.B20.C21.D22.A23.B24.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了DaleCarnegie（戴尔•卡耐基）从不为人所知，到享有国际声誉 成功故事．他年轻时因为家里穷不得不每天往返12英里求学．后来他听从母亲的建议，学习演讲，从而获得自信，最终成为成功的演说家．文章旨在告诉我们自信心的重要性，有了自信，我们就可以做到我们想做的任何事情．【15题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了接受教育，他与许多困难作斗争。A.shortcomings缺陷；B.thoughts想法；C.difficulties困难的事情；D.enemies敌人。结合下文“Hisfamilywaspoor.”及“Dalehadtoridehorseback12milestoattendclasses.Hewithdrew(退出)frommanyschoolactivities”可知，他的家庭是贫穷的。因此他上学接受教育要克服很多的困难。故选C。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲负担不起大学的伙食费，所以戴尔不得不骑马12英里去上课。A.afford支付得起；B.choose选择；C.occupy占据；D.change改变。结合上文“Hisfamilywaspoor.”可知，家里穷，所以付不起大学里的伙食费。故选A。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他退出了许多学校活动，因为他既没有时间也没有衣服。A.talents天赋；B.clothes衣服；C.permits许可；D.hobbies爱好。结合下文“Hehadonlyonegoodsuit.”可知，他没有好的衣服。故选B。【18题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他想加入足球队，但教练因为他太轻而拒绝了他。A.outgoing外向的；B.flexible灵活的；C.optimistic乐观的；D.light轻的。结合上文“Hisfamilywaspoor.”可知，他因为贫穷，生活艰苦，长得比较瘦弱．故选D。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在此期间，戴尔逐渐形成了一种自卑情结，他的母亲知道这种情结会阻碍他发挥自己的真正潜能。A.protect保护；B.prevent阻止；预防；C.save节省；解救；D.free释放。根据上文“Dalewasslowlydevelopinganinferioritycomplex(自卑感)”可知，他的妈妈知道，这种自卑感将阻止他发挥他真正的潜能。preventsbfromdoingsth为固定搭配，意为“阻止某人做某事”，故选B。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她建议戴尔加入辩论队，因为她相信练习说话可以给他所需要的信心和认可。A.insisted坚持；B.demanded要求；C.suggested建议；D.required要求。根据第三段中的第一句中“Daletookhismother’sadvice”可知，他的妈妈建议他参加辩论队，suggest表示“建议”时后接从句，从句为虚拟语气，用“should+动词原形”，故选C。【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.progress进步；B.experience经历；C.praise赞扬；D.confidence信心。根据希下文“andtherecognitionthatheneeded”可知，此处指妈妈相信练习说话可以给他所需要的信心和认可。故选D。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：戴尔接受了母亲的建议，努力尝试，经过几次尝试后终于成功了。A.finally终于；B.certainly无疑地；确定地；C.hopefully怀有希望地；如果顺利的话；D.naturally自然地。根据上文“Daletookhismother’sadvice,triedhardandafterseveralattempts”可知，不断地尝试，终于他成功了。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这被证明是他人生的转折点。A.breaking破裂的；B.turning转折的；C.ending结束的；D.linking连接的。根据第二段的内容Dale形成自卑以及第三段中madeit“他成功了”可知，这是他人生的“转折点”，turningpoint“转折点”，符合语境．故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：到戴尔大四的时候，他已经在演讲中赢得了所有的最高荣誉。A.hadtouched触摸；B.hadnoticed注意到；C.hadwon赢得；D.hadpicked挑选。结合下文“everytophonorinspeech”可知，此处指他赢得了所有的最高荣誉。故选C。第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。YuanLongpingwasbornin1930.Hisparentswantedhimtopursueacareerinscienceormedicine.However,____25____concernedhimmostwasthatfarmersoftenhadpoorharvestsandsometimesevenhadaseriousshortageoffoodtoeat.Hechosetostudyagriculture.Heconductedresearchanddevelopedhybridrice.YuanLongpingisoneofChina’smostfamous____26____(scientist)andheisknownasthe“fatherofhybridrice”.HisslimbutstrongbodyisjustlikethatofmillionsofChinesefarmers,to____27____hehasdevotedhislife.【答案】25.what26.scientists27.whom【解析】【导语】本文是一篇人物传记。文章叙述了袁隆平为什么选择农业研究以及他的成就和影响。【25题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：然而，最令他担忧的是，农民经常收成不佳，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。分析句子结构，此句为主语从句，从句concernedhimmost缺主语，用连接代词what引导。故填what。【26题详解】考查名词复数。句意：袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之一，他被称为“杂交水稻之父”。根据句子结构，oneof后面名词用复数形式，名词复数形式作介词of的宾语。故填scientists。【27题详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他纤瘦但强壮的身体就像数百万中国农民一样，他为他们奉献了一生。分析句子结构，此句为非限制性定语从句。先行词为millionsofChinesefarmers，在从句作介词to的宾语，用关系代词whom。故填whom。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。WhenmyfamilyandIhadjustarrivedinChina,wewentlookingforagoodplacetoeatinBeijing.ASichuanrestaurant____28____(recommend)tousbyafriend,andfinally,wefoundit.____29____(tire),hungry,andnotknowingawordofChinese,wehadnoideahowtoorder,sothechefjustbeganfillingourtablewiththebestfoodwehadevereaten.Withthis,wehadthepleasureofexperiencingan____30____(entire)newtaste:Sichuanpeppercorns.Thefoodwaswonderfulanddifferent,butwhatwaseven____31____(important)wasthefriendshipofferedus.【答案】28.hadbeenrecommended29.Tired30.entirely31.moreimportant【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家在北京吃饭的一次经历。【28题详解】考查时态。句意：一个朋友给我们推荐了一家四川菜馆，最后我们找到了。空处在句中为谓语，结合句中found可知，动作表示过去之过去，restaurant与动词recommend为动宾关系，所以此处用过去完成时的被动语态。故填hadbeenrecommended。【29题详解】考查形容词。句意：我们又累又饿，又不会说一句中文，根本不知道怎么点菜，于是大厨就开始给我们的餐桌上摆满了我们吃过的最好吃的食物。分析可知，此处为形容词作状语，主语为we，所以此处用-ed的形容词，tired“感到累的”，因处于句首，首字母应大写。故填Tired。 【30题详解】考查副词。句意：有了这个，我们有幸体验了一种全新的味道：四川花椒。副词修饰形容词，此处用副词entirely修饰形容词new，故填entirely。【31题详解】考查比较级。句意：食物很美味，与众不同，但更重要的是给予我们的友谊。根据空前even以及句意可知，此处用比较级。important“重要的”为多音节词，其比较级为moreimportant，故填moreimportant。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Steamboats,rowingboatsandgondolasarethetransportationvehicleswhichserveeitheras“buses”or“taxis”forthisspecialcity.Themostinterestingthingaboutthetripis____32____wetookatourbygondola,asmallnarrowboat.Itissimilar____33____ourdragonboat.Itismadefromeightdifferentwoodspeciesand280pieces.Thegondolawhichwetookwasbeautifullyequippedwithbrightredchairsforfivepeople.____34____(bath)inthesunshine,watchingthewatersoftlykissingthestonesofthebuildings,Ifeltharmonyandsatisfaction.【答案】32.that33.to34.Bathed【解析】【导读】本文是一片游记。文章讲述了作者乘坐威尼斯运河上行驶的贡多拉小船游览沿途风光以及简要介绍这种小船的特点。【32题详解】考查表语从句。句意：这次旅行最有趣的事情是我们乘坐贡多拉游览，这是一种窄窄的小船。根据句子结构可知，主语部分是“Themostinterestingthingaboutthetrip(这次旅行最有趣的事情是)”，“is”是谓语动词，空格后面是一个完整句子“wetookatourbygondola,asmallnarrowboat.(我们乘贡多拉游览了一番，这是一种小船)”其中“asmallnarrowboat”是“gondola”的同位语。系动词后面接的的表语从句，而且不缺成分句意完整，只是起连接作用所以用连接词that。故填that。【33题详解】考查介词。句意：它类似于我们的龙舟。根据句意和句子结构可知，本句中包含固定短语“besimilarto”意思是“与……相似”，填空处缺少介词。故填to。【34题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：沐浴在阳光下，看着水温柔地亲吻着建筑物的石头，我感到和谐和满足。根据句意和句子结构可知，主句部分“Ifeltharmonyandsatisfaction.(我感到和谐和满足)”主谓结构完整。说明 “bath”作为动词表示“沐浴”的意思，在本句是非谓语动词的用法，作状语成分，而且短语“bebathedin”表示“沐浴于、被……笼罩”的意思，句首单词首字母大写。故填Bathed。第三节选词填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)根据句意，选择方框中的单词，用其正确的形式填入下列句子的空白处，每个单词只能使用一次。ambition,ideal,decrease,proof,widespread,cooperate,overcome,cafeteria,suspect,involve35.JohnSnow________thatthewaterpumpwastoblame.36.Theyoungman________enormousdifficultiesandwontheOlympicgoldmedallastyear.37.Chemicalpesticidesandartificialfertilisershavebeenin________useinfarmingsincethemiddleofthe20thcentury.38.Aswellasstudyinghard,I’vebeen________insocialactivities.39.Peopleshould________theamountoffattheyeat.40.The________dietisabalancedone,withouttoomuchortoolittleofanyonething.41.Inmyyouthmy________hadbeentobeaninventor.42.Weshouldlearnto________witheachotherandmakeprogresstogether.43.Hotandcoldfoodisavailableinthe________.44.Theseresultsareafurther________ofhisoutstandingability.【答案】35.suspected36.overcame37.widespread38.involved39.decrease40.ideal41.ambition42.cooperate43.cafeteria44.proof【解析】【35题详解】考查动词。句意：约翰·斯诺怀疑水泵是罪魁祸首。根据句意此处应填动词的过去时态且是主动语态，后面加that引导的宾语从句，此处表示约翰·斯诺对于水泵的态度。suspect“怀疑”为动词，此处应使用其 过去时态。故填suspected。【36题详解】考查动词。句意：这个年轻人克服了巨大的困难，在去年赢得了奥运会金牌。根据后文的enormousdifficulties可知，此处应填克服，克服巨大的困难overcomeenormousdifficulties，overcome“克服”为动词，在这里应使用overcome的过去时态和won并列。故填overcame。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：自20世纪中期以来，化学农药和人工肥料在农业中广泛使用。根据句意，此处应表示广泛的使用。该空应用形容词形式修饰use。widespread“广泛的，普遍的”为形容词，符合句意。故填widespread。【38题详解】考查动词。句意：除了努力学习，我还积极参加社会活动。结合句意此处应表示参加社会活动。involve“涉及，卷入”为动词，此处使用了现在完成时态的被动，havebeeninvolvedin已被卷入，引申为参加。故填involved。【39题详解】考查动词。句意：人们应该减少自己摄入的脂肪量。结合下文theamount可知表示量的多少。结合句意，人们应减少摄入的脂肪量。另外，该空位于情态动词后，应使用动词原形。decrease“减少”为动词，符合句意。故填decrease。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：理想的饮食是均衡的，任何一种食物都不能过多或过少。根据句意表达理想的饮食是均衡的，此处位于diet之前，应用形容词作定语修饰diet。ideal“理想的，完美的”为形容词，符合句意。故填ideal。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：我年轻时的志向是成为一名发明家。根据句意成为发明家应该是作者年轻时的志向。ambition“志向”为名词，符合句意且在句中作主语。ambition表具体的理想时为可数名词，此处表示我年轻时的一个志向。故填ambition。【42题详解】考查动词。句意：我们应该学会相互合作，共同进步。根据句意，我们应该互相学习什么才可以共同进步，cooperate“合作”为动词，learntodosth学习做某事，动词应使用其原形。故填cooperate。【43题详解】考查名词。句意：自助餐厅提供冷热食物。根据句意，此处应填一个表示地点的词汇。cafeteria“自助餐厅”为名词，符合句意。故填cafeteria。 【44题详解】考查名词。句意：这些成绩进一步证明了他卓越的能力。根据空格处前的further可知空格处应填名词。结合句意，此处应填proof。proof“证明”为名词，根据afurther可知，此处应使用名词的单数。故填proof。第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第45、46小题各2分，第47小题3分，第48小题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Therearemanyplacestogoonsafari(观赏野生动物)inAfrica,butridingahorsethroughthefloodedwatersofBotswana’sOkavangoDeltamustrankasoneoftheworld’smostexcitingwildlifejourneys.Severalsafaricampsoperateasthebaseforthisadventureprovidinguniqueridestwiceadaytoexploredeepintothedelta.Thecampshaveexcellenthorses,professionalguidesandlotsofsupportworkers.Theyhaveareputation(名声)forprovidingagreatridingexperience.Themorningride,whentheguidestakeyoutobeautiful,shallowlakesfullofwaterlilies,tendstobemoreactive.Itisunlikeanyotherridingexperience.Withrainbowsforminginthesplashingwateraroundyouandthesoundofhugedropsofwaterbouncingoffyourbodyandface,itistrulyexciting.Youareverylikelytocomeacrosslargewildanimals,too.Onhorsebackitispossibletogetquiteclosetoelephants,giraffesandmanyotheranimals.Thesenseofexcitementandtensionlevelsrisesuddenlythough,asdoesyourheartrate,asyoumoveclosertothem.Intheevening,ridesareusuallyatamorerelaxedandunhurriedpace.Withgoldenlightstreamingacrossthegrassydeltaandtheanimalscomingouttoeatanddrink.Sedatethoughtheyare,ridesatthistimeofdayarestillveryimpressive.Asthesun’srayspassthroughthedustkickedupbythehorses,theromanceofAfricacomestolife.Backatthecampyoucankickoffyourbootsandenjoyexcellentfoodandwine.Lookingbackonyourdayyouwillfindithardtodenythatahorsebacksafariisascloseasyouwillevercometoansweringthecallofthewild.45.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”inParagraph2referto?________________46.Howdoesatouristfeelwhenheorshemovesclosertothewildanimalsonhorseback?________________47.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.ThepassagetellsusabouttheridingexperienceintheOkavangoDeltaandtheauthorintroducesitmainlybyfollowingspaceorder. ________________48.Pleaseintroducethemostexcitingtripyou’veevertaken.(Inabout40words)________________【答案】45.Severalsafaricamps.46.He/Shemayfeelexcited,nervousandhis/herheartratemaybeaccelerated.47.ThepassagetellsusabouttheridingexperienceintheOkavangoDeltaandtheauthorintroducesitmainlybyfollowingspaceorder.Accordingtothepassage,thepassagetellsusabouttheridingexperienceintheOkavangoDeltaandtheauthorintroducesitmainlybyfollowingtimeorder.48.IhadanexcitingtriptoDisneylandwithmyfriends,whichisoneofthemostfamousthemeparksintheworld.Inthepark,wedidsomemeaningfulandventuresomeactivitiesthere,suchasRollerCoasterandAdventureIsland,whicharethrillingandunforgettable.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了非洲观赏野生动物的野营的项目。【45题详解】考查词义猜测。根据第二段“Severalsafaricampsoperateasthebaseforthisadventure,providinguniqueridestwiceadaytoexploredeepintothedelta.Thecampshaveexcellenthorses,professionalguidesandlotsofsupportworkers.(几个狩猎营地作为这次冒险的基地，每天提供两次独特的游乐设施，深入三角洲进行探索。营地有优秀的马匹，专业的导游和许多辅助人员。)”由此可猜测出they指代上文提到的几个狩猎营地，故答案为Severalsafaricamps.【46题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段“Onhorsebackitispossibletogetquiteclosetoelephants,giraffesandmanyotheranimals.Thesenseofexcitementandtensionlevelsrisesuddenlythough,asdoesyourheartrate,asyoumoveclosertothem.(骑在马背上，人们有可能非常接近大象、长颈鹿和许多其他动物。然而，当你靠近它们时，兴奋感和紧张程度会突然上升，你的心率也会上升。)”可知，当一个游客骑在马背上接近野生动物时，他/她会兴奋，紧张和心率加快。故答案为He/Shemayfeelexcited,nervousandhis/herheartratemaybeaccelerated.【47题详解】考查推理判断。根据第一段“Therearemanyplacestogoonsafari(观赏野生动物)inAfrica,butridingahorsethroughthefloodedwatersofBotswana’sOkavangoDeltamustrankasoneoftheworld’smostexcitingwildlifejourneys.(非洲有很多地方可以去狩猎旅行，但在博茨瓦纳的OkavangoDelta的洪水中骑马一定是世界上最令人兴奋的野生动物之旅之一。)” 可知前半句是正确的；再根据作者在第三段中先说了早上的旅程，第四段涉及晚上的旅程，尾段谈到回到营地，由此可知作者是按时间顺序写的，所以后半句是错误的，故答案为ThepassagetellsusabouttheridingexperienceintheOkavangoDeltaandtheauthorintroducesitmainlybyfollowingspaceorder.Accordingtothepassage,thepassagetellsusabouttheridingexperienceintheOkavangoDeltaandtheauthorintroducesitmainlybyfollowingtimeorder.【48题详解】主观题，答案仅供参考。IhadanexcitingtriptoDisneylandwithmyfriends,whichisoneofthemostfamousthemeparksintheworld.Inthepark,wedidsomemeaningfulandventuresomeactivitiesthere,suchasRollerCoasterandAdventureIsland,whicharethrillingandunforgettable.第二节(20分)49.假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对你校的学生社团活动非常感兴趣，希望你介绍一下这方面的情况。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：1.你校的学生社团及活动；2.你喜欢参加的社团及原因。注意：1.词数100词左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YoursLiHua【答案】DearJim,I’mmorethandelightedtoknowyouarecuriousabouttheclubactivitiesofourschoolandwanttoknowsomethingaboutthem.HereI’dliketosharesomedetailswithyou.Therearealtogether20orsoclubsinourschool,tonameafew,Pekingoperaclub,Swimmingclub,Calligraphyclub,andPaintingclub.Theyallhaveafixedtimetoarrangevariedactivities.Asforme,I’dliketojoinPekingoperaclub.First,PekingoperaislikeapearlinChinesetraditionalart.JoiningthisclubcangivemeatasteofChinesetraditionalartformsandevenhaveahands-onexperience.Besides,theclubwillregularlyorganizevariousactivities, suchasinvitingfamousactorstoperform,anddrawingPekingoperamake-ups.IbelievegettingclosetoPekingoperawillbeagoodwayoflearningmoreaboutit.Hopefullymyopinioncanbeofhelp.Ifyouwanttolearnanythingmore,don’thesitatetocontactme.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Jim回一封邮件，向他介绍你们学校的学生社团活动以及你喜欢参加的社团及原因。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：delighted→glad安排，举办：arrange→organise各种各样的：varied→various方法：way→method2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Theyallhaveafixedtimetoarrangevariedactivities.拓展句：Theyallhaveafixedtime,whentheyarrangevariedactivities.【点睛】【高分句型1】JoiningthisclubcangivemeatasteofChinesetraditionalartformsandevenhaveahands-onexperience.(运用了动名词作主语)【高分句型2】IbelievegettingclosetoPekingoperawillbeagoodwayoflearningmoreaboutit.(运用了省略that的宾语从句和动名词短语作主语)