中考英语一模试题含解析

中考一模英语试题英语（本试卷共四大题，8页，满分90分，考试时间为100分钟）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号填写在答题卡相的位置上。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应的题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案；不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔或涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1-15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Onceuponatime,therelivedatrickyfox.Heusedtospeakto___1___animalssweetlyandgaintheirtrustbeforeplayingtricksonthem.Onedaythefoxmet___2___easy-goingstorkonhiswayhome.Heacted___3___hergoodfriend.Hewantedtoplayatrickonthestork,soheaskedhertohavedinnerwithhimlater.Thestorkacceptedtheinvitation___4___.Thedayofthedinnercame,andthestorkwenttothefox’shousewith___5___.Shethought25,itwasadeliciousfeast.Buttohersurprise,there___6___onlysomesoupinaplate!“Comeandhaveataste!____7____tookmethewholeafternoontocookthesoup.”Thefoxsmiled.Becauseofherlongbeak,thestorkhaddifficultyhavingthesoup.Butthefoxlickedthesoupupinnotime.Afterfinishingthedinner,thefoxaskedthestork,“Doesittaste___8___?”Thehungrystorkreplied,“Oh,itiswonderful.Thanksforyourdinner.”Sheadded,“ButIcouldonlytastealittle___9___Idon’tfeelwelltoday.Ican’ttakeanymore!”Thefoxpretendedtofeelsorryforthat.Then_____10_____later,thestorkinvitedthefoxtohavedinnerwith_____11_____andwenthome.Thenextday,thefoxgottothestork’shouseontime.Onthetable,somesoup_____12_____andputintwonarrowjarswithlongnecks.Thistime,thestorkfounditeasytohavethesoup.However,thefox_____13_____tasteit.Afterdinner,thestorkaskedthefox,“Howisthesoup?”“Iamsorryforwhat_____14_____,Ifeelashamedofmyself.IthinkI’dbetter_____15_____now.”thefoxanswered.Then,hewentoutofstork’shouseinahurry.1.A.anotherB.otherC.theotherD.others2.A.aB.anC.theD./3.A.forB.withC.inD.like4.A.happyB.happinessC.happilyD.happier5.A.joyB.joyfulC.joylessD.joyfulness6.A.isB.areC.wasD.were7.A.ThatB.ThisC.ItD.Its8.A.goodB.wellC.betterD.best9.A.becauseB.andC.thoughD.so10.A.sometimesB.sometimesC.sometimeD.sometime11.A.sheB.herC.heD.him12.A.prepareB.preparedC.waspreparedD.wereprepared25,13.A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.shouldn’tD.couldn’t14.A.doB.wasdoingC.amdoingD.havedone15.A.leaveB.leavingC.leftD.toleave【1~15题答案】【答案】1.B2.B3.D4.C5.A6.C7.C8.A9.A10.C11.B12.C13.D14.D15.A【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了狐狸和鹳之间的故事，故事告诉我们：不要总想着去捉弄别人，要善待别人。【1题详解】句意：他过去常常和其他动物甜言蜜语，在捉弄它们之前获得它们的信任。another三者或三者以上当中的另外一个；other别的、其他的；theother两者当中的另外一个；others别的人或物。根据空后句“andgaintheirtrustbeforeplayingtricksonthem.”语境可知，应是泛指其他的动物，故空处应是other“其他的”。故选B。【2题详解】句意：一天，狐狸在回家的路上遇到了一只随和的鹳。a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词之前；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词之前；the定冠词，表示特指等；/不填。stork是第一次再文中提到，空处的词表示泛指，且easy-going中easy以元音音素开头，故应用不定冠词an。故选B。【3题详解】句意：他表现得像她的好朋友。for为了；with和某人一起；in在……里；like像。根据后句“Hewantedtoplayatrickonthestork,soheaskedhertohavedinnerwithhimlater.”语境可知，应是表现地像是她的好朋友。故选D。【4题详解】句意：鹳高兴地接受了邀请。25,happy高兴的，形容词；happiness高兴，名词；happily高兴地，副词；happier更高兴的，形容词比较级形式。根据句子结构可知，空处的词是修饰动词accepted，应用副词。故选C。【5题详解】句意：晚餐的日子到了，鹳高兴地去了狐狸家。joy快乐，名词；joyful快乐的，形容词；joyless不快乐的，形容词；joyfulness快乐，名词。空处的词在介词with之后，应是名词，故排除B、C项；“高兴地”常常表达为withjoy。故选A。【6题详解】句意：但令她惊讶的是，盘子里只有一些汤！is一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数形式；are一般现在时，主语是复数形式和第二人称；was一般过去时，主语是单数形式；were一般过去时，主语是复数和第二人称。句中的动作发生在过去，故应是一般过去时，主语“somesoup”是第三人称单数形式，故应用was。故选C。【7题详解】句意：花了我整整一个下午煮汤。That那；This这；It形式主语；Its它的。根据句子结构可知，本句为固定句型：Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.“花费某人多长时间干某事”，其中it为形式主语。故选C。【8题详解】句意：吃完晚饭后，狐狸问鹳：“味道好吗？”good好的，形容词；well身体健康的，形容词，好，副词；better更好的，比较级形式；best最好的，最高级形式。空处的词在系动词taste之后，应用形容词good；根据前句“Afterfinishingthedinner,thefoxaskedthestork,”语境可知，空处应用形容词原级。故选A。【9题详解】句意：但我只能尝一点，因今天感觉不舒服。because因为；and和；though虽然；so因此。分析前句“ButIcouldonlytastealittle”和后句“Idon’tfeelwelltoday”句意可知，后句是前句动作发生的原因，故空处应用because“因为”引导原因状语从句，故应用because“因为”。故选A。25,【10题详解】句意：一段时间之后，鹳邀请狐狸和她共进晚餐，然后回家了。sometimes有时；sometimes几次；sometime一段时间；sometime在某时。根据空后“later”的提示可知，空处应是表示一段时间的词。故选C。【11题详解】句意：一段时间之后，鹳邀请狐狸和她共进晚餐，然后回家了。She它，主格代词；her她，宾格代词；he他，主格代词；him他，宾格代词。空处的词在介词with之后，应用宾格代词；根据前文“Heacted…hergoodfriend.”可知，空处应是宾格代词her“她”。故选B。【12题详解】句意：桌上准备了一些汤，放在两个长脖子的窄罐子里。prepare动词原形；prepared过去式；wasprepared一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数形式；wereprepared一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数形式。根据句意可知，主语和动词之间是被动关系，且时态是一般过去时，故应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语“somesoup”是单数形式，故应用wasprepared。故选C。【13题详解】句意：然而，狐狸不能尝到它的味道。needn’t不必；mustn’t表示禁止；shouldn’t不应当；couldn’t不能。根据前文“andputintwonarrowjarswithlongnecks.”语境可知，狐狸应是吃不到，故不能尝到它的味道。故选D。【14题详解】句意：我为我所做的事感到抱歉，我为自己感到羞愧。do一般现在时；wasdoing过去进行时；amdoing现在进行时；havedone现在完成时。根据上文“Buttohersurprise,there…onlysomesoupinaplate!“Comeandhaveataste!...tookmethewholeafternoontocookthesoup.””语境可知，应是狐狸为已经做过的事情感到抱歉，故应用现在完成时。故选D。【15题详解】句意：我想我最好现在就走。25,leave动词原形；leaving动名词形式；left动词过去式；toleave动词不定式。hadbetter“最好”，是情态动词，后加动词原形。故选A。二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下西短文，掌握其大意，然后从1-10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Amywasafraidofheight.Sheneverplannedtotakearideinhotairballoon.Theideaofgoinguphundredsoffeetintotheair___16___her.ButlastSaturdaythebankwheresheworksofferedairballoonrides.Therideswerefree,soshedecidedtotryballooning.Thenshegotanew___17___ofthewholecity.“Iloveridinginahotairballoon.Itwascompletely___18___anythingelseIhadeverdone.I’veneverimaginedIwould___19___myfearofheights.Ithinkitwasagreat___20___forme.”Amysaid.Shelikedlookingatthecityfromuphigh.“Ineverknewthatourcityissobeautiful,”shesaid.“Isawriversandfieldsandlotsofcolors.Wedon’thavemountainsoroceans,butitisverypretty.”Hotairballooningisusuallydoneintheearlymorningorlateafternoon.Thatiswhenthereisnotmuchwind.Peoplewhowanttorideinahotairballoonhavetobe___21___.Sometimesyouhavetowaitlongfortheproper___22___conditions.Therideusuallytakesaboutanhour.Thenthepilotneedsto___23___asafeplacetolandtheballoon.Thisisoneofthebestpartsoftheride.“It’sreallyexciting.Youneverknow___24___youaregoingtoland.”Amysaid.Shefeltveryproudofherselfafterherfirstride.“Icanmakeit!”Shecheered.Infact,laterthatdayshewas____25____enoughtogoupthreemoretimes!16.A.frightenedB.pleasedC.interestedD.annoyed17.A.viewB.patternC.symbolD.project18.A.thesameasB.similartoC.comparedwithD.differentfrom19.A.noticeB.keepC.admitD.lose20.A.expectationB.experienceC.excuseD.example25,21.A.seriousB.worriedC.patientD.careful22.A.temperatureB.windC.lightD.cloud23.A.lookupB.lookforC.lookatD.lookdown24.A.howB.whenC.whereD.why25.A.surprisedB.talentedC.boredD.confident【16~25题答案】【答案】16.A17.A18.D19.D20.B21.C22.B23.B24.C25.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了艾米本来十分恐高，但是经历了热气球旅行后，她从高空看到了城市不一样的风景，她也克服了自己对高空的恐惧，不再恐高了。【16题详解】句意：上升到数百英尺高空的想法让她感到害怕。frightened使惊吓；pleased使开心；interested感兴趣；annoyed使恼怒。根据“Amywasafraidofheight.”可知，上升到数百英尺的高空，这种想法让艾米害怕。故选A。【17题详解】句意：然后她对整个城市有了新的认识。view观点，看法；pattern模式；symbol象征；project项目，计划。根据下文“Ineverknewthatourcityissobeautiful”可知，她对整个城市有了新的认识。故选A。【18题详解】句意：这和我曾经做过的任何事都不一样。thesameas与……一样；similarto与……相似；comparedwith与……相比；differentfrom与……不同。根据上文可知，艾米害怕高度，但乘坐热气球给了她一种不同于以往的体验，因此她感叹这和她曾经做过的任何事都不一样。故选D。【19题详解】25,句意：我从来没有想象过我会失去恐高症的恐惧。notice注意；keep保持；admit承认；lose失去。根据“Iloveridinginahotairballoon.”可知，艾米摆脱了对高空的恐惧。故选D。【20题详解】句意：我认为这对于我来说是很好的一次经历。expectation期望；experience经历；excuse借口；example例子。根据“Ithinkitwasagreat…forme.”可知，艾米克服了对高空的恐惧，乘坐热气球看到了不一样的风景，这对她而言是很棒的一次经历。故选B。【21题详解】句意：想乘坐热气球的人必须要有耐心。serious严肃的；worried担忧的；patient有耐心的；careful小心的，仔细的。根据“Sometimesyouhavetowaitlongfortheproper…conditions.”可知，乘坐热气球对天气条件要求高，有时得等；由此推知，乘坐热气球的人必须要有耐心。故选C。【22题详解】句意：有时您必须等待很长时间才能获得适当的风况。temperature温度；wind风；light灯；cloud云。根据上文“Thatiswhenthereisnotmuchwind.”可知，乘坐热气球对天气条件要求高，要在没有什么风的时候乘坐。故选B。【23题详解】句意：然后，飞行员需要寻找一个安全的地方来降落气球。lookup查阅；lookfor寻找；lookat看；lookdown俯视，向下看。根据“Thenthepilotneedsto…asafeplacetolandtheballoon.”可知，热气球起飞后，旅程会持续1个小时左右，然后飞行员要找一个安全的地方来降落。故选B。【24题详解】句意：你永远不知道你将在哪里着陆。how怎样；when什么时候；where哪里；why为什么。根据“Thenthepilotneedsto…asafeplaceto25,landtheballoon.”可知，飞行员要找一个安全的地方来降落，但你永远不知道你将在哪里着陆。故选C。【25题详解】句意：事实上，当天晚些时候，她已经有足够的信心再上去三次了!surprised惊讶的；talented有天赋的；bored无聊的；confident有信心的。根据“Shefeltveryproudofherselfafterherfirstride.”可知，第一次热气球旅行她为自己感到骄傲；由此推知，在当天晚些时候，艾米有足够的信心再上去三次。故选D。三、阅读（共两节，满分35分）第一节阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从26~40各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。ARupertIsaacsonwasborninLondontoAfricanparents,andgrewupintheEnglishcountrysidewherehediscoveredhisloveofhorses.Later,ashegrewuphearingsomanyfascinatingmemoriesaboutAfricafromhisparents,hewentthereandlivedwiththepeoplecalledtheBushmenoftheKalahariDesert.Bytheyear2000,Rupertwasalreadyworkingasareporter,writingarticlesandguidebooksaboutAfricaandIndia.HemethiswifeKristininIndia.Today,theylivewiththeirson,Rowan,intheUS.ButRupertfacedthegreatestchallengeofhislifewhen,attheageoftwo,Rowanwasdiagnosedwithanillnessthatharmedhisabilitytocommunicatewithothers.RupertdiscoveredthatspendingtimewithhorsesandridingthemwashelpingRowan.Butunluckily,theBushmenoftheKalaharidonothavehorses.SothefamilysetoutforMongolia,wherehorseshavebeenimportantforlong.RuperthaswrittenaboutthisjourneytohelphissoninhisbookHorseBoy,andthenheproducedadocumentaryfilmofthesamename.Inthefilm,peoplehavethechancestoseethefamilytravellinginMongolia,ridinghorsesandmeetinghealers（治疗师）inordertohelpRowan.Later,RupertsetuptheHorseBoyFoundationonhisfarminTexasinordertohelpmorepeoplelikeRowan.Itisaschoolthatteachespeoplehowtousehorsesforhealing.HewroteanotherbookTheLongRideHomeabouttravellingwithRowantoAfrica,AustraliaandArizonaintheUS.25,ThenRupertcontinuedtoproducethedocumentaryprogrammeEndangerous,withRowanashost,aboutdangerousanimalsthatwereendangered.RupertIsaacsonhasmanagedtodiscoverthesecretsofturningonechallengeintomanyachievements.26.InParagraph1,whatdoestheunderlinedword“there”referto?A.ToLondon.B.TotheEnglishcountryside.C.ToAfrica.D.ToIndia.27.WhatwasthebiggestchallengeforRupert?A.HisfamilyhadtomovefromBritaintoAfrica.B.Hissonwasfoundtohavetroublecommunicating.C.Hecouldn’tgethealinghorsesinAfrica.D.Helearntthatmanyanimalswereendangered.28.WhichisthecorrectorderofRupert’slifestory?a.Hetookthejobasareporter.b.HewroteabookabouttheirjourneytoMongolia.c.HesetupaschooltohelppeoplelikeRowan.d.Hefoundhorse-ridingwashelpfultohisson.e.HeproducedthedocumentaryEndangerous.A.d-b-a-c-eB.a-d-b-e-cC.d-a-b-e-cD.a-d-b-c-e29.Inthelastparagraph,the“secrets”mostprobablyincludesthefollowingEXCEPT______.A.afamilywithfascinatingmemoriesB.afather’sloveforhissonC.thecouragetosolvedifficultiesinlifeD.thecareforothersandtheworld【26~29题答案】25,【答案】26.C27.B28.D29.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了RupertIsaacson喜欢马，他的孩子被诊断出疾病后用马去治愈孩子，并且写了几本书，拍了两部纪录片，创办了马背上的马童基金会，教人们如何用马来治愈疾病。【26题详解】词句猜测题。根据前句“Later,ashegrewuphearingsomanyfascinatingmemoriesaboutAfricafromhisparents,”由在他成长的过程中，他从父母那里听到了许多关于非洲的迷人回忆，可猜测出，后句应是：他去了非洲，和喀拉哈里沙漠的布须曼人住在一起，故下划线单词“there”应是指“非洲”。故选C。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据文中“ButRupertfacedthegreatestchallengeofhislifewhen,attheageoftwo,Rowanwasdiagnosedwithanillnessthatharmedhisabilitytocommunicatewithothers.”可知，鲁伯特最大的挑战是他的儿子被发现有交流障碍。故选B。【28题详解】细节理解题。通读全文可知，鲁伯特的人生故事的正确顺序是：Bytheyear2000,Rupertwasalreadyworkingasareporter,writingarticlesandguidebooksaboutAfricaandIndia.他接受了记者的工作；RupertdiscoveredthatspendingtimewithhorsesandridingthemwashelpingRowan.他发现骑马对儿子很有帮助；SothefamilysetoutforMongolia,wherehorseshavebeenimportantforlong.RuperthaswrittenaboutthisjourneytohelphissoninhisbookHorseBoy,他写了一本关于他们去蒙古旅行的书；Later,RupertsetuptheHorseBoyFoundationonhisfarminTexasinordertohelpmorepeoplelikeRowan.Itisaschoolthatteachespeoplehowtousehorsesforhealing.他建立了一所学校来帮助像罗文这样的人；ThenRupertcontinuedtoproducethedocumentaryprogrammeEndangerous,withRowanashost,aboutdangerousanimalsthatwereendangered.他制作了纪录片《危险》。故鲁伯特的人生故事的正确顺序是：a-d-b-c-e。故选D。【29题详解】词句猜测题。通读全文可知，根据文中“RupertdiscoveredthatspendingtimewithhorsesandridingthemwashelpingRowan.Butunluckily,theBushmenoftheKalaharidonothavehorses.Sothe25,familysetoutforMongolia,wherehorseshavebeenimportantforlong.”可知，表现了一个父亲对儿子的爱和面对困难的勇气；根据文中“Later,RupertsetuptheHorseBoyFoundationonhisfarminTexasinordertohelpmorepeoplelikeRowan.Itisaschoolthatteachespeoplehowtousehorsesforhealing.”可知，表现了父亲对他人和世界的关心，故猜测出，鲁伯特将挑战转化为成就的秘密，不包括有着迷人回忆的家庭。故选A。BOPINIONTextingwhiledrivingisillegal(违法的)in47statesinmobiledeviceintheUS.Butwhatabouttextingwhilewalking?Astudyreportedthatusingamobiledevicewhilewalkingresultedinmorethan2000accidentsin2011,andmorethan2,500peopleendingupinhospitalsintheUS.Hawaiipassedanewlawmakingitillegaltotextorlookdownatamobiledevicewhilecrossingthestreet.Itisthefirststatetomakethiskindoflaw.Dopeoplethinkmoreplacesshouldacceptsuchalaw?TheLATimesdidasurvey.Herearesomerepliestheyreceived.Rena,26,NewYorkWhichismoreimportant,textingorsafety?Ifyouarelookingatyourphonewhilewalking,youmightnotseeacarcomingortrafficlightsturnred.Itcanbeverydangerous.Forexample,inJapan,onepersonfellintoalakeandanother25,gotherlegstuckinahole,becausebothhadtheirmindontheirphones.Weshouldstoppeoplefromtextingwhilecrossingthestreetbylawinmorecities.Andy,55,CaliforniaPeopledomanythingsthatcauseaccidentstothemselvesbutarenotillegal,suchasclimbingmountains,drivingcars,swimmingandsoon.Peoplemightgethurtfromtextingwhilewalkingifthey'renotpayingattention.ButIstillthinktheyshouldhaveachoice.Bob,45,OregonAshumans,wecanmakeourowndecisions.I’mnotsayingit’ssafe,butwedon’tneedthegovernmenttotakecareofeverythingforus.Ifwewanttolearntomakesmartdecisions,thegovernmentneedstostoptellinguswhattodo.Afterall,thisisafreecountry.Andrew,34,AlaskaThislawisagoodidea.IknowsomepeoplemaybeworriedaboutgettingpunishedifthislawispassedallovertheUSA.Butlawswouldnotbeforfun.Anyway,itwouldbesafeandgoodforallAmericans.30.HowdoesthewritershowthedangeroftextingwhilewalkinginParagraph1?A.Bylistingnumbers.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byaskingaquestion.D.Bytellingastory.31.TheLATimesdidthesurveymostprobablyto______.A.getenoughsupportfrommorereadersB.encouragemorestatestopassthenewlawC.advisepeopletostoptextingwhilewalking25,D.learnaboutpeople’sopinionsonthenewlaw32.Amongthefourreplies,whosupportsthenewlawinHawaii?A.RenaandAndy.B.AndyandBob.CRenaandAndrew.D.AndyandAndrew.【30~32题答案】【答案】30.A31.D32.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了开车时候发短信或走路时候看手机设备是违法的法律，并对这个法律接受情况进行了问卷调查。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据“Astudyreportedthatusingamobiledevicewhilewalkingresultedinmorethan2000accidentsin2011,andmorethan2,500peopleendingupinhospitalsintheUS.”可知，作者通过列举数字来讲述边走边发短信是危险的。故选A。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据“Dopeoplethinkmoreplacesshouldacceptsuchalaw?”可知，可以推断出《洛杉矶时报》是想调查大家对过马路时发短信或看手机是否违法的看法。故选D。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据表格Rena,26,NewYork“Weshouldstoppeoplefromtextingwhilecrossingthestreetbylawinmorecities.”以及Andrew,34,Alaska“Thislawisagoodidea.”可知，丽娜和安德鲁支持夏威夷的新法律。故选C。CDoallvegetablesneedlotsofsunshine?MarkHoffmannandhiswifeownabed-and-breakfastguesthouse,andtheyoftenservetheirguestsfreshfoodfromthegarden.Theyhavebeengrowingfoodandflowersforovertwentyyears.Foralmosttenofthoseyears,Mr.Hoffmannhasbeenexperimentingandworkingwithshade25,（阴凉）planting.Hesays,“Asisknowntoall,mostplantswillproducemoreinfullsun.Butifyoudonothavefullsun,hereisanewway.”Forexample,hegrowstomatoesnearoaktrees.Oaktreescanproducealotofshade.ButMr.Hoffmannsayshistomatoplantsgrowaslongastheygetfivehoursadayofdirectsunshine,especiallythemorningsun.Notonlydoesthisgoagainstthetraditionaladvicethattomatoesneedsix,eight,eventwelvehoursadayoffullsun,italsoshowshowplantsandtreerootscansharenutrients（营养素）andwater.Mr.Hoffmansaysonlyplantswithwiderleavesdobetterinshadyenvironments.Healsofoundthathispotatoesdidbetterpartlyinshadethaninfullsun.Movingthemoutofthesunhelpedcontrolaninsectproblem,soMr.Hoffmanndoesnothavetousepesticides.Heplantedthepotatoesintheshade,especiallyontheeastsideofthetree.Thepotatoesgetthemorningsun,buttheyareshadedduringthehottestpartoftheday.Someinsectsdislikeshade,andthehottestpartofthedayiswhentheydotheworstoftheirdamagetotheplants.Timeofday,brightnessofthesun,shadowsfromtrees,wallsandbuildings—theseallinfluencehowmuchsunlightfallsonplants.Andpeopleinterestedinshadeplantingshouldalsoremembersomethingelse.Theterm“shade”canbedifferentamountsofdarknessanddifferentthingsindifferentplaces.33.Fortomatoesandpotatoes,whathelpsthemgrowbetterinshade?A.12hours’fullsunandsharingnutrients.B.Smallerleavesandinsectcontrol.C.Sharingnutrientsandsmallerleaves.D.Sharingnutrientsandinsectcontrol.34.Theunderlinedword“pesticides”probablymeanschemicalsthatcan________.A.offerlightB.avoidlightC.killinsectsD.feedinsects35.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.Toshowtheprocessofshadeplanting.B.Toexplainthereasonsforshadeplanting.C.Tointroduceanunusualwayofplanting.25,D.Togiveadviceondifferentkindsofplanting.36.Wemayreadthepassageinamagazineon________.A.natureB.environmentC.travellingD.lifestyle【33~36题答案】【答案】33.D34.C35.C36.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了大多数植物在阳光充足的情况下产量会更高，但并不是所有植物都需要大量的阳光。霍夫曼先生就试验和研究了阴凉种植。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“italsoshowshowplantsandtreerootscansharenutrients（营养素）andwater.”以及第四段第三句“Movingthemoutofthesunhelpedcontrolaninsectproblem,”可知，西红柿种在橡树的阴凉下，它们根系内营养成分互相分享，可以让西红柿长得更好；土豆种在阴凉地，可以较少昆虫的危害。故选D。【34题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段第三句“Movingthemoutofthesunhelpedcontrolaninsectproblem,soMr.Hoffmanndoesnothavetousepesticides.”可知，这个词是用来帮助控制昆虫的一种东西。故选C。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段最后一句“Butifyoudonothavefullsun,hereisanewway.”可知，本篇文章作者主要讲述了霍夫曼先生的阴凉种植。故选C。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据文意可知，这篇短文介绍了霍夫曼先生的阴凉种植，文章内容和自然nature有关。故选A。DDoyouwonderwhyschoolstakeabreakduringsummerformorethantwomonths,whileyour25,parentsstillworkhard?Well,itseemstostartintheearly19thcentury.Inthelate18thcentury,schoolcalendars（日历）weredifferentbetweencitiesandcountries.Cityschoolswereopenalltheyearwithjustafewshortbreaks.However,expertsbegantowonder:wasalongschoolcalendargoodenough?Someexpertsfeltthattoomuchschooltimecouldmaketeachersandstudentstired.Meanwhile,sicknessandpoorhealthusedtobecommoninthe18thcenturybecauseofpoorlyventilated（通风的）classrooms.Cityofficialscaredaboutthewarningoftheexpertsandshortenedtheschoolyearbyaquarter.Summerwaspickedoverotherseasonsbecausediseaseswouldspreadeasilyduringthehotmonths.Besides,richpeopleincitiestraditionallywentawayonvacationsduringsummer.Ontheotherhand,countryschoolshadquitedifferentschoolcalendars.Inthe19thcentury,countrykidsspentjustfiveorsixmonthsinschool—twotothreemonthsinsummerandthesameinwinter—andtherestoftheyearworkingonfarms.Sowhilecityeducatorsworriedthatchildrenweretoobusy,officialsinthecountrythoughttheirstudentsweretoofree.Itwasintheearly20thcenturythatpublic-schoolofficialsinmanyfarmstatesmadetheirschoolyearlonger,andintroducedthesamesummerbreaktocountryschoolsascityschools’.Butdoyouknowthatsummervacationisthetimewhenyoucanlosewhatyouhavelearned?AccordingtoJohnsHopkinsCenter,childrenscoreworseontestsinearlySeptemberthaninlateJune.Theirresearchalsoshowsthatlongerbreaksfromschoolcanstopthelearningprocessforchildren.Studentscanloseabout2.6monthsofgradelevelequivalency（等值）inMathsandreadingskillsoverthesummermonths.Everyyearteachersinthenewschoolyearhavetospendsomeweekshelpingkidscatchupwiththematerialstheyhaveforgottenoversummervacation.37.Whendidschoolsprobablybegintotakeasummerbreakforovertwomonths?A.Inthelate18thcentury.B.Intheearly19thcentury.C.Inthelate19thcentury.D.Intheearly20thcentury.38.HowmanydisadvantagesofalongschoolcalendararementionedinParagraph2?A.1B.2C.3D.439.Whydidcountrykidsspendjustabouthalfayearatschool?25,A.Becausetheyhadtohelpwiththefarmwork.B.Becausetheyhadtoavoiddiseasesinschools.CBecausetheirfamilytookthemawayforvacations.D.Becauseeducatorssuggestedmorefreetimeforthem.40.Accordingtotheirresearch,JohnHopkinsCenterprobablyagreesthat________.A.longersummervacationisgoodforschoolcalendarsB.longersummervacationisbadforstudentsandshouldbecancelledC.longersummervacationhasabadeffectonstudents’studyD.longersummervacationresultsinstudents’fallingbehindothers【37~40题答案】【答案】37.B38.B39.A40.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要关于学生们的暑假，暑假一方面是为了让孩子们能够得到适当休息，富人们会在暑假期间带着他们的孩子去度假；另一方面是为了防止疾病的传播。城市里的暑假较短，专家们比较担心孩子们的健康问题而乡下的假期较长，官员们又比较担心孩子们的学业问题。虽然长假惬意，但孩子们却会在假期遗忘不少功课。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据“Doyouwonder…itseemstostartintheearly19thcentury.”可知，学校开始放两个多月的暑假是从十九世纪早期开始的。故选B。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据“Someexpertsfeltthattoomuchschooltimecouldmaketeachersandstudentstired.”“Meanwhile,sicknessandpoorhealthusedtobecommoninthe18thcenturybecauseofpoorlyventilated（通风的）classrooms.”可知，较长的学校日历带来的缺点一个是会让学生和老师都感到疲惫，另一个则是因为通风条件差的教室更容易传播疾病，因此一共有两个缺点。故选B。【39题详解】25,细节理解题。根据“andtherestoftheyearworkingonfarms”可知，乡下的孩子们其余的时间要帮忙做农活。故选A。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据“Studentscanloseabout2.6monthsofgradelevelequivalencyinMathsandreadingskillsoverthesummermonths.”可知，孩子们的数学水平和阅读技能都下降了，所以较长的暑假会给孩子们的学业带来不好的影响。故选C。第二节阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）阅读短文及文后A～E选项，选出可以填入1～5各题空白处的最佳选项。KellyandMariaarebestfriendswithalotincommon.___41___Theyalsotakealotofthesamesubjects,sotheywouldlovetostudytogether.Buttheyfindimpossible.___42___Kellywouldliketostudyinaclean,openspace,whileMariaworksbestwithbooks,papersandpensaroundher.___43___Kellycansitforhourswithoutmoving,andoftengetsallherhomeworkdoneinonesitting.Maria,however,isalwaysgettingup,andsaysthatshethinksbestwhenshe’sonthemove.___44___Manypeoplebelievethatasilenttidysettingisthewaytogo,butthatdoesn’tseemnecessarilytrue.Someresearchhasevenshownthatnoiseoruntidinesshelpssomepeoplefixtheirattentiononwhattheyaredoing,becauseitmakesthemforma“wall”intheirmindandstayfocused.So,ifyouchoosetostudyatatableinabusyshoppingcenter,don’tworryaboutit.___45___FromKelly’sandMaria’sstories,thebestwaytostudyisthewaythatworksforyou.Intheirverydifferentways,bothdowellinschool,andbothfinishtheirworkwithintherequiredtimeaswell.A.Ifyouworkintotalsilence,thatwillbeOK,too.B.Youmightbeaskingyourself:whichwayofstudyinggetsbetterresults?C.Theyhavecompletelydifferentstudyhabitsandtheycan’tstudyinthesameroom.D.Theyarebothfondofgoingtomovies,shopping,orjustsittingatacafe.25,E.Kellypreferstostudyinatotallysilentroom,butMarialovestoplaymusicorevenhavetheTVon.【41~45题答案】【答案】41.D42.C43.E44.B45.A【解析】【导语】本文通过讲述凯莉和玛丽亚截然不同的学习习惯，得出结论——学习的最佳方式是适合你的方式。安静、整洁的环境是最好的选择，但也有研究表明噪音或不整洁有助于一些人保持专注，只要适合自己的就是最佳的。【41题详解】根据“KellyandMariaarebestfriendswithalotincommon”可知此处陈述她们的共同之处，选项D“他们都喜欢看电影、购物或就坐在咖啡馆里”符合语境。故选D。【42题详解】根据“Theyalsotakealotofthesamesubjects,sotheywouldlovetostudytogether.Buttheyfindimpossible”可知此处讲述不能在一起学习的原因，选项C“他们有完全不同的学习习惯，不能在同一个房间学习”符合语境。故选C。【43题详解】根据“Kellywouldliketostudyinaclean,openspace,whileMariaworksbestwithbooks,papersandpensaroundher”以及“Kellycansitforhourswithoutmoving,andoftengetsallherhomeworkdoneinonesitting.Maria,however,isalwaysgettingup,andsaysthatshethinksbestwhenshe’sonthemove”可知此处讲述凯利喜欢的学习环境，选项E“凯利更喜欢在一个完全安静的房间里学习，但玛丽亚喜欢放着音乐，甚至开着电视”符合语境。故选E。【44题详解】根据“Manypeoplebelievethatasilent,tidysettingisthewaytogo,butthatdoesn’tseemnecessarilytrue.Someresearchhasevenshownthatnoiseoruntidinesshelpssomepeoplefixtheirattention...”可知，此处引出下文比较两种学习方式，选项B“你可能会问自己：哪种学习方式效果更好”符合语境。故选B。25,【45题详解】根据“So,ifyouchoosetostudyatatableinabusyshoppingcenter,don’tworryaboutit.”可知，此处与上文的热闹的环境相反，指在安静的环境学习，选项A“如果你在完全安静的环境下学习，那也没关系”符合语境。故选A。四、写作（共三节，满分30分）第一节语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）根据短文的内容及首字母提示写出文中所缺单词。Inrecentyears,someChinesecitieshavebeenworkinghardonrubbishsorting.Guangzhouhascalledonpeopletosorttheirrubbishintodifferentgroups.Wetwaste,alsocalledhouseholdwaste,isfoodwastethatpigscaneat.Thingslikepaperboxesandplasticbottlescanber___46___andturnedintonewproducts.It’shelpfultoourenvironment.H___47___wasteincludesthingslikemedicine,batteries,make-upandlightbulbs.Thechemicalsinsidethesecanb___48___pollutethewaterandsoilandevenkillanimalsandplants.Chinaisnowi___49___itswaste-sortingworkandmoreandmorepeoplehavelearnedhowtosortrubbish.Althoughthereisstillalongwaytogo,themostimportantthingforeveryoneistotakea___50___inourdailylife.Let’sworktogether!【46~50题答案】【答案】46.(r)ecycled47.(H)armful48.(b)adly49.(i)ncreasing50.(a)ctions【解析】【导语】本文讲述了中国近些年来，一些城市开始致力于垃圾分类。【46题详解】25,句意：像纸箱子和塑料杯子这样的东西可以被循环利用，并且转化为新的产品。根据后文“turnedintonewproducts”可知，一些东西可以转化为新的产品，从废弃物到新产品的过程叫循环利用，结合首字母提示，空处听写recycle的过去分词表示被动，故填(r)ecycled。【47题详解】句意：有害垃圾包括像药物、电池、化妆品和灯泡这样的东西。根据“likemedicine,batteries,make-upandlightbulbs”可知，这些垃圾都是有害的，结合首字母提示，故填(H)armful。【48题详解】句意：这些垃圾中的化学物质可以很严重地污染水源和土壤，甚至杀死动物和植物。根据后文“evenkillanimalsandplants”可知，这些化学物质的伤害性很高，pollute“污染”，为动词，故空处填副词，结合首字母提示，故填(b)adly。【49题详解】句意：中国现在正在增加它的垃圾分类工作，并且越来越多的人了解到如何进行垃圾分类。根据后文“morepeoplehavelearnedhowtosortrubbish”可知，越来越多的人了解垃圾分类，原因是中国在不断增加垃圾分类的工作，前有“is”，结合首字母提示，故空处填写动名词表示正在进行时。故填(i)ncreasing。【50题详解】句意：虽然有很长的路要走，但是对于每个人来说，最重要的是在我们的日常生活中采取行动。take“采取”，为动词，后接名词，结合首字母提示，故空处填写action“行动”的复数“actions”。故填(a)ctions。第二节完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。（每空限填一词）51.多么动听的音乐啊！我听了一遍又一遍。____________musicitwas!Ilistenedtoitagainandagain.【51题答案】【答案】①.What②.beautiful##great##nice##good【解析】25,【详解】考查感叹句。感叹句：What+形容词+名词+主谓；How+形容词或副词+主谓。因为music“音乐”是不可数名词，所以使用what，“动听的”可以使用beautiful/great/nice...故填What；beautiful/great/nice/good。52.人们总在电视上看到可爱的冰墩墩。BingDwenDwen______always______onTV.【52题答案】【答案】①.is②.seen【解析】【详解】根据语境可知，冰墩墩是被人们看见的，这里要用被动语态。句中有always“总是”，时态用一般现在时。see是动词，“看见”，过去分词是seen。主语“BingDwenDwen”是单数，be动词用is，故填is；seen。53.有时我们在运动中不容易保持平衡。Sometimes__________________isnoteasywhenweareexercising.【53题答案】【答案】①.keeping②.our③.balance【解析】【详解】keepone’sbalance“保持平衡”，此处做主语，用动名词短语，故填keeping；our；balance。54.老师问我们是否意识到预防压力的重要性。Theteacherasked__________________theimportanceofguardingagainststress.【54题答案】【答案】①.whether##if②.we③.realized【解析】【详解】根据语境可知，这里考查由whether或if引导的宾语从句。Whether或if表示“是否”的意思，在宾语从句肯定句中whether和if可以互换；从句时态和主句保持一致，主句中用一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时。realize“意识到”，过去式是realized。故填whether/if；we；realized。25,55.丝绸之路非常长，经过了很多国家。Thesilkroad________________________itpassedthroughmanycountries.【55题答案】【答案】①.was②.so③.long④.that【解析】【详解】根据中文提示，本题考查so...that..,表示“如此……以致于……”；“长”long；结合语境，本题是一般过去时且主语是单数，需用was来做系动词，故填was；so；long；that。第三节书面表达（共1小题；满分15分）56.今天，学校“英语节”总结交流会上，你的同学李华做了发言，分享了经验。请你写一则英文日记，记录这特别的分享。日记需包括以下要点：1.分享者：李华，学校英语演讲比赛一等奖获得者；2.分享内容：现场演讲、分享演讲技巧；分享学英语的方法等；3.你的收获和感受。注意：1.词数80~120个左右（文章开头、结尾已给出，不计入词数，请根据要点提示适当发挥）2.不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。Thursday,March31stDearDiary,Today,welistenedtoawonderfulspeech.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【56题答案】25,【答案】例文：Thursday,March31stDearDiary,Today,welistenedtoawonderfulspeech.Thereweretwelvestudentsinthecontest.LiHuawonthefirstprize.ShesharedherspeechskillsandEnglishlearningexperiencewithus.Herearesomeinherspeech.Beforethespeech,weshouldpickthetopicandprepareforit.Weshouldwritedowntheoutlinesandorganizewhatwearegoingtosay.Takeadeepbreathtorelaxyourselfandstartthespeech.Shesaidmakingaspeechinpublicmadeherconfidentandbroughthergreatpleasure.SheadvisedustodoalotofreadingandsingEnglishsongs.It’sgoodtolistencarefullyandtakenotesinclass.Ilearnalotfromherspeech.IamsureIwilldobetterinEnglish.【解析】【详解】1.题干解读：本文要求以日记形式记录学校“英语节”总结交流会，内容包括介绍一等奖获奖者；谈谈现场演讲及获奖者分享演讲技巧和学英语的方法，最后谈谈自己的收获和感受。2.写作指导：本文用一般过去时和一般现在时写作，介绍演讲及获奖者用一般过去时，介绍获奖者的经验用一般现在时；书写要紧扣主题，分层介绍获奖者，获奖者分析的经验及自己的收获和感受。做到中心突出，内容完整连贯。25