上海市闵行区2022年中考英语一模试题（附解析）

2022年上海市闵行区中考一模英语Part1Listening(第一部分听力)I.ListeningComprehension(听力理解)(共25分)A.Listenandchoosetherightpicture(根据你听到的内容,选出相应的图片)(5分)A.B.C.D.E.F.1.___________2.___________3.___________4.___________5.___________B.Listentothedialogueandchoosethebestanswertothequestionyouhear(根据你听到的对话和问题,选择最恰当的答案)(5分)6.A.Steak.B.Chickenwings.C.Salad.D.Vegetables.7.A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Bytaxi.D.Byferry.8.A.At6:30.B.At6:45.C.At7:00.D.At7:15.9.A.Atapostoffice.B.Atarestaurant.C.Inabookstore.D.Inalibrary.10.A.Thevillagewasquitenear.B.ThevillagewasnotworthvisitingC.Theyonlytookabustothevillage.D.Theyenjoyedthebeautifulscenery.C.Listentothepassageandtellwhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.(判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容,符合的用”T”表示,不符合的用表示)(5分)11.TimisthefirstBritishastronauttovisittheInternationalSpaceStation.12.TimthinkstheEarthlooksreallybeautifulfromspace.13.Theastronautshadalotoftimetorelaxatthespacestation.14.Theastronautswatchedamovietogetheronceaweek.15.TimhopestoexplorethesecretsofMars(火星)inthefuture.D.Listentothepassageandfillintheblanks(听空,完成下列句子。每限填一词)(10分)16.Anewstudysuggestspeopleshouldcallfriends______________sendingatext(短信).17.Inthestudy,manypeoplechosetocontactanoldfriend______________.18.Actually,hearingsomeone’svoicemadetheexperience_____________.2219.Peopleliketotextbecausetheywon’tbe______________orinterruptedwhilemessaging.20.Whencalling,peopledon’tneedtooverthinkthe______________behindthewordsinatext.Part2Phonetics,GrammarandVocabulary(第二部分语音、语法和词汇)II.Choosethebestanswer(选择最恰当的答案)1.Alltheneighborshavepity________thepoorboywholivesinthegarage.A.inB.onC.atD.for【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：所有的邻居都同情那个住在车库里的可怜男孩。考查介词辨析。in在……里面；on对；at在；for为了。havepityon“怜悯，同情”，是固定搭配。故选B。2.Themanagerchanged________mindbecauseoftheunexpectedsituation.A.heB.himC.hisD.himself【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：由于意外情况，经理改变了主意。考查形容词性物主代词。he他，主格；him他，宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词，根据空前的“changed”和空后的“mind”可知，应该是改变了他的主意，用形容词性物主代词，故选C。3.Wehavetowaitfor________twohourstogettheresultofthetesting.A.anotherB.otherC.theotherD.others【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：我们还得再等两个小时才能得到测试的结果。考查代词词义辨析。another作代词时，指三者以上，another作形容词时，是指在原有的(三个或三个以上）中的“一个”或“另外一个”，another+数词表示“又，再”；other作介词，另外一个；作形容词时，其他的，另外的，后跟复数名词；theother指两个人或物中的一个时，只能用theother；others是other的复数形式，泛指“另外几个”，“其余的”。根据题干中的数词“two”，可知此处是表达再等两个小时之意。故选A。4.Stevenlookedoutofthewindowandfoundtherainwasmuch________.22A.heavyB.heavierC.heaviestD.theheaviest【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：Steven向窗外望去，发现雨下得更大了。考查形容词比较级。heavy沉重的，形容词原级；heavier比较沉重的，形容词heavy的比较级；heaviest最沉重的，形容词heavy的最高级，前面要加定冠词the；theheaviest最沉重的，根据空前的“much”可知，空缺处应该填的是形容词的比较级，表示“雨下得更大了”，故选B。5.Mygrandfatherenjoysworkinginthegardenbyhimselfandneverfeels________.A.lonelyB.friendlyC.quietlyD.unfortunately【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：我祖父喜欢独自花园里干活，从不感到孤独。考查形容词。lonely孤独的；friendly友好的；quietly安静地；unfortunately不幸地；空处放在“feels”后作表语，应用形容词形式，排除C/D选项；结合“Mygrandfatherenjoysworkinginthegardenbyhimself”可知，此处说的是他不感到孤独，故选A。6.—________domostofthestudentsspendontheirhomeworkeveryday?—About90minutes.A.HowmanyB.HowmuchC.HowlongD.Howsoon【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——大多数学生每天花多长时间做家庭作业？——约90分钟。考查疑问词组。Howmany多少；Howmuch多少（钱）；Howlong多长时间；Howsoon多久以后。根据“About90minutes.”可知对时间段提问，用Howlong。故选C。7.Nowadaysevenasmartphone________storehugeamountsofinformation.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.need【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：如今即使是智能手机也能存储大量信息。考查情态动词。must必须；can能；should应该；need需要，根据空前的“evenasmartphone”和空后的“storehugeamountsofinformation”可知，应该是即使是智能手机也能存储大量信息，用情态动词22can，故选B。8.WearegladtohearthattheGreens________toanewflatnextweek.A.moveB.movedC.willmoveD.havemoved【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：听到格林一家下周将搬进一套新公寓我们很高兴。考查一般将来时。move“搬家”，根据“nextweek”可知，时态是一般将来时，一般将来时构成：主语+will+动词原形，故选C。9.Whenmymotherknockedatthedoor,I________thelatestmagazine.A.readB.wasreadingC.hadreadD.wouldread【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：当我妈妈敲门时，我正在看最新的杂志。考查时态辨析。根据“Whenmymotherknockedatthedoor”可知此处表示某事发生时另一件事情正在进行，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，其结构为was/weredoing。故选B。10.Taobaoshopownersarebusy________clothesfortheironlinecustomers.A.packB.topackC.packingD.packed【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：淘宝店主们正忙着为他们在线顾客打包衣服。考查非谓语动词。bebusydoingsth“忙着做某事”，动名词作宾语，故选C。11.Billoftenpretends________inclass,butactuallyhedoesn’tatall.A.understandB.understandingC.understoodD.tounderstand【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：比尔在课堂上经常假装听懂了，但实际上他什么也听不懂。考查动词不定式。根据pretendtodosth.“假装做某事”，可知此处填动词不定式作宾语。故选D。12.Don’tbeafraidtomakemistakes,________you’llneverreallylearnthelanguage.A.andB.orC.soD.but【答案】B【解析】22【详解】句意：不要害怕犯错误，否则你永远不会真正学会这门语言。考查连词辨析。and并且；or否则；so所以；but但是，根据句型“祈使句，and/or+一般将来时的句子”可知，排除C和D，由祈使句和后面的句子是转折关系，所以用or，排除A，故选B。13.Passengersmustnotleavetheirseats________theplanecomestoafullstop.A.ifB.sinceC.untilD.because【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：在飞机完全停稳之前，乘客不得离开座位。考查连词辨析。if如果；since自从；until直到；because因为。根据“Passengersmustnotleavetheirseats...theplanecomestoafullstop.”可知是考查固定结构not...until“直到……才……”，故选C。14.Kitty’sdograrelybarksatpeople,________?A.doesitB.doesn’titC.hasitD.hasn’tit【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：基蒂的狗很少对人吠叫，是吗？考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则。分析句子可知句子时态是一般现在时，rarely“很少”，表示否定的意义，所以句子是否定句。另外句子中有实义动词，且主语是第三人称单数，反问疑问句的助动词用does，故选A。15________changeableweatheritwasinthecitylastsummer!A.HowB.WhataC.WhatanD.What【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：去年夏天这个城市的天气是多么多变啊！考查what感叹句。what感叹句结构：what+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数+主语+谓语。weather是不可数名词，故选D。III.Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce(将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)22A.putoutB.personalC.methodD.pickoutE.productsLikemostpeople,youlikelyhaveproblemsinyourlifethatyouneedtosolve.Maybeyoustruggleeveryyearto____16____abirthdaygiftforyourdad.Maybeyoutryyourbesttogettoschoolontimebutstillarrivelate.Andsincethesemattersare____17____,itcanbehardtobeobjective(客观的)aboutthem.Butwhatifyoustepbackandthinklikeascientist?Youmightbesurprisedatthesolutionsyoucomeupwith.TheDemingCycleIn1939WalterA.Shew-hartwroteabookaboutusingthescientific____18____inbusiness.Hechallengedtheideathatprogressincreatingusefulthingslookslikeastraightline.Hearguedthatbusinessesshouldbeimprovingtheir____19____constantly(不断地).Heusedacircle,orcycle,torepresent(代表)this.HisstudentW.EdwardsDemingturnedShew-hart’sthoughtsintoafour-stepcycle.ThisbecamethePDSACycle—Plan,Do,StudyandAct—thatisusedbymanypeopletoday.A.insteadB.effectsC.repeatingD.takenotesE.alone1.PlanThinkaboutyourproblemandformahypothesis(假设)forhowtosolveit.Let’ssayyouwanttogettoschoolontime.Usuallyyoutakethebus.Buttoday,yougetuplate.Soyoudecidetoaskyourmomtotakeyouonhermotorbike____20____.2.DoNowit’stimetoputyourplantothetest.Thisisalsothetimewhenyoustarttogatherdata.Besureto____21____ofimportantdetailssuchasthetimeyouarriveatschool.3.StudyConsiderthe____22____ofyourexperiment.Didyougettoschoolontime?Whatotherfactorsaretheretoaccountfor?Mayberidingwithyourmomwasfasterbutitrained,soyougotwet.4ActNowyouputyourchangesintoactionandtryyournewhypothesisagain.Perhapsyoudeterminethatit’sfastertoridewithyourmom.Butyouneedtotakearainjacket.Keep____23____thecyclesothatyoucanconstantlyimprove.22【答案】16.D17.B18.C19.E20.A21.D22.B23.C【解析】【分析】文章主要讲当遇到问题的时候要像科学家一样考虑解决办法，并介绍了很多人都在用的PDSA循环——计划、行动、学习和行动。【16题详解】句意：也许你每年都在为给父亲挑选生日礼物而挣扎。根据“Maybeyoustruggleeveryyearto...abirthdaygiftforyourdad.”可知是为挑选生日礼物而挣扎，pickout“挑选”。故选D。【17题详解】句意：由于这些问题都是个人的，所以很难客观地看待它们。根据“Maybeyoustruggleeveryyearto...abirthdaygiftforyourdad.Maybeyoutryyourbesttogettoschoolontimebutstillarrivelate.”可知这些问题是个人的问题，personal“个人的”，形容词作表语。故选B。【18题详解】句意：1939年，WalterA.Shew-hart写了一本关于在商业中使用科学方法的书。根据“HisstudentW.EdwardsDemingturnedShew-hart’sthoughtsintoafour-stepcycle.ThisbecamethePDSACycle—Plan,Do,StudyandAct—thatisusedbymanypeopletoday.”可知他的思想是关于在商业中使用科学方法的，method“方法”。故选C。【19题详解】句意：他认为企业应该不断改进他们的产品。根据“businessesshouldbeimproving...”结合常识可知企业应不断改进的是产品，products“产品”。故选E。【20题详解】句意：所以你决定让你妈妈用她的摩托车带你去。根据“Usuallyyoutakethebus.”及“Soyoudecidetoaskyourmomtotakeyouonhermotorbike...”可知此处指让妈妈用摩托车带你去学校，代替乘坐公交车，instead“代替，而不是”。故选A。【21题详解】句意：一定要记下重要的细节，比如你到达学校的时间。根据“importantdetails”可知是要记下重要细节，takenotes“记笔记”。故选D。【22题详解】句意：考虑一下你的实验的效果。根据“Didyougettoschoolontime?Whatotherfactorsarethere22toaccountfor?Mayberidingwithyourmomwasfasterbutitrained,soyougotwet.”可知此处是说要考虑实验效果，effects“效果”。故选B。【23题详解】句意：不断重复这个循环，这样你就能不断提高。根据“sothatyoucanconstantlyimprove”可知要像不断提高，需要重复这个循环，repeating“重复”。故选C。IV.Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子,每空格限填一词)24.Thisisthe________yearthatIhavestudiedinthisschool.(four)【答案】fourth【解析】【详解】句意：这是我在这所学校学习的第四年。根据空前的“the”和空后的“year”可知，空缺处应该填的是four的序数词fourth“第四”表顺序，故填fourth。25.Thecluborganizesshorttripstothemountains,________museumsandsoon.(beach)【答案】beaches【解析】【详解】句意：该俱乐部组织短途旅行去山上、海滩和博物馆等。beach“沙滩”，是可数名词，此处要用复数形式，故填beaches。26.Philip’sinterestisingameprogramming,but________isinplayinggames.(I)【答案】mine【解析】【详解】句意：菲利普的兴趣是游戏编程，而我的兴趣是玩游戏。I“我”，是人称代词主格。根据“Philip’sinterestisingameprogramming,but...”可知此处要用I的名词性物主代词mine，表示“myinterest”，故填mine。27.Studentscantakepartin________outdooractivitiesafterschool.(variety)【答案】various【解析】【详解】句意：学生放学后可以参加各种户外活动。此处应该用形容词修饰后面名词activities，variety的形容词形式是various。故填various。28.Thewonderfulfestivalwill________lotsofpeoplefromallovertheworld.(attractive)【答案】attract【解析】22【详解】句意：这个精彩的节日将吸引来自世界各地的人们。attractive“有吸引力的”，是形容词，此处需要使用其动词形式attract“吸引”，空前有will，动词用原形，故填attract。29.Thehard-workingmanwasso________inbusinessattheageofthirty.(succeed)【答案】successful【解析】【详解】句意：这个勤劳的人在三十岁的时候生意很成功。根据文中“wasso”以及所给动词succeed，可知此处需填succeed的形容词形式作表语。故填successful。30.Roads,bridges,andhouseswere________damagedintheearthquake.(serious)【答案】seriously【解析】【详解】句意：道路、桥梁和房屋在地震中遭到严重破坏。根据“were...damaged”可知要用副词修饰动词，serious的副词形式seriously，意为“严重地”。故填seriously。31.It’s________toaccuratelytellwhatwillhappeninthefuture.(possible)【答案】impossible【解析】【详解】句意：准确地说出未来会发生什么是不可能的。根据空前的“It’s”和空后的“toaccuratelytellwhatwillhappeninthefuture”可知，应该是准确地说出未来会发生什么是不可能的，用形容词impossible“不可能的”作表语，故填impossible。V.Rewritethefollowingsentencesasrequired(根据要求改写句子)32.Mr.Kingleftfortheairportearlyyesterdaymorning.(改为否定句)Mr.King________________fortheairportearlyyesterdaymorning.【答案】①.didn’t②.leave【解析】【详解】句意：金先生昨天一大早就去机场了。分析句子可知句子时态是一般过去时，句子中有实义动词，变成否定句要借助助动词did，同时动词要变成原形。故填didn’t；leave。33.Theboringmoviewillcometoanendintenminutes.(对划线部分提问)________________willtheboringmoviecometoanend?【答案】①.How②.soon【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：这个无聊的电影将在十分钟后结束。根据划线部分“intenminutes”可知，应该用特殊22疑问词howsoon“多久”进行提问，首字母大写，故填How；soon。34.Theuniversityinvitedmanygraduatestocelebrateits100thbirthday.(改为被动语态)Manygraduates________________bytheuniversitytocelebrateits100thbirthday.【答案】①.were②.invited【解析】【详解】句意：这所大学邀请了许多毕业生来庆祝它的100岁生日。根据时态是一般过去时，一般过去时的被动语态构成：主语+was/were+动词过去分词，主语“Manygraduates”是复数，所以be动词用were，动词invite“邀请”的过去分词是invited，故填were；invited。35.Hedidn’tknowwhathecouldsaytohisparentsonthephone.(改为简单句)Hedidn’tknowwhat________________tohisparentsonthephone.【答案】①.to②.say【解析】【详解】句意：他不知道他能在电话里对父母说些什么。根据“whathecouldsaytohisparentsonthephone”可以和“what+动词不定式”进行转换，作“know”的宾语，say“说”不定式是tosay，故填to；say。36.ABritishmanspentmorethantwoyearsmakingamapoftheworld.(保持句意不变)It________aBritishmanmorethantwoyearsto________amapoftheworld.【答案】①.took②.make【解析】【详解】句意：一位英国人花了两年多的时间制作世界地图。句型“主语+spend+时间doingsth”“某人做某事花了多长时间”可以和“ittakessbsometimetodosth”“做某事花了某人多长时间”进行转换，时态是一般过去时，所以用take的过去式took，动词make“制作”，故填took；make。37.“Istheschoollibraryopenattheweekend?”thevisitoraskedus.(改为间接引语)Thevisitoraskedus________theschoollibrary________openattheweekend.【答案】①.if##whether②.was【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：“学校图书馆周末开放吗？”客人问我们。原句可表示“客人问我们学校图书馆周末是否开放”，“是否”译为“if/whether”，原句be动词is在从句中需与“asked”的时态一致。故填if/whether；was。38.personalabilities,agreatway,is,todevelop,volunteering(连词成句)22___________________________________________.【答案】Volunteeringisagreatwaytodeveloppersonalabilities##Agreatwaytodeveloppersonalabilitiesisvolunteering【解析】【详解】根据标点符号可知本题用陈述句语序。这里可以用动名词作主语，即Volunteering“志愿服务”作主语，此处是谓语用单数is；agreatwayto“这是一个很好的方法”；developpersonalabilities“发展个人能力”。故填Volunteeringisagreatwaytodeveloppersonalabilities.或者是Agreatwayto“这是一个很好的方法”作主语，developpersonalabilities“发展个人能力”，作后置定语；is“系动词”；volunteering“志愿服务”作表语。故填Agreatwaytodeveloppersonalabilitiesisvolunteering.故填Volunteeringisagreatwaytodeveloppersonalabilities“志愿服务是发展个人能力的好方法”/Agreatwaytodeveloppersonalabilitiesisvolunteering“一个发展个人能力的好方法就是做志愿服务”。Part3ReadingandWriting(第三部分阅读和写话)VI.Readingcomprehension(阅读理解)A.Choosethebestanswer(选择最恰当的答案)Discussiontopic>>>IstheCleanHongKongcampaign(运动)working?LittleBug88:Mydadhadtopaya$1500finetodayforthrowingacigarettebuttontheground.Anofficercaughthimandgavehimaticket.That’sjustbad!MsNeat99:Litteringisagainstthelaw.Ifyoubreakthatlaw,you’rea“littlerbug”,andhavetopaythefine.Youbringthatontoyourself!Thelawistheretodeterpeoplefromlitteringandtokeepourenvironmentclean.LittleBug88:Well,I’magainstthiswholeCleanHongKongcampaignasitjustdoesn’twork!There’sstilllittereverywhere!TidyBunny:What’stheCleanHongKongcampaign?MsNeat99:ThegovernmentstartedittomakeHongKongcleaner.It’snowillegaltolitterorspitinpublicplaces.Thecampaignincludes22postersandtelevisionadvertisementstoeducatepeopleaboutthelawandencouragethemtokeepHongKongclean.TidyBunny:Ithinkthecampaignisagreatidea.Ialwayspickupaftermyselfandtrytokeepallpublicplacesclean.MsNeat99:Ireallysupportthiscampaigntoo.It’simportanttokeepourpublicspacesclean,otherwisediseasescanspreadquickly,andwecangetverysick.LittleBug88:Iknowacleanenvironmentisimportant,butthecampaignjustisn’teffective.Afterall,peoplestilllitterandspitinpublicspaces.TidyBunny:Ifyouaren’tworriedaboutthefine,thenyou’lllitter.Butaslongassomepeopleareworriedaboutthefine,theywon’tlitter.Thefineworksifitpreventssomepeoplefrommakingpublicspacesdirty.MsNeat99:Iagree!Thecampaignworksifithelpskeeppublicspacescleaner.HongKongwouldbemuchdirtierwithoutthecampaign!TidyBunny:Peopleneedtoknowit’simportanttokeepHongKongclean.LittleBug88:ButwhatcanIdo?Ican’tcleanupHongKongclean!TidyBunny:Everyoneneedstodotheirpart.Ifeveryonecleanedupafterthemselves,theenvironmentwouldbealotcleaner.LittleBug88:Yes,butmanypeoplestillthinkit’sharmlessiftheyjustthrowsmallthingsontheground.I’veseenpeopledropsweetwrappersonthegroundwhentheytinknooneislooking.MsNeat99:Weneedtobeawarethatsmallthingsadduptobigthingswhenmanypeopledoit!Keepingpublicspacescleanbenefitseveryone.TidyBunny:Maybethefinewillhelpsomepeopleseethatlitteringorspittingisn’tsoharmless!22LittleBug88:It’shelpedmydadtoseethat.Hewilldefinitelythinktwicebeforelitteringagain.A$1500fineisn’tharmless!39.Atfirst,________is(are)againsttheCleanHongKongcampaign.A.LittleBug88B.MsNeat99C.TidyBunnyandLittleBug88D.MsNeat99andTidyBunny40.Theunderlinedword“deter”inLine4means“________”.A.learnB.saveC.tellD.stop41.MsNeat99thinksit’simportanttokeeppublicspacescleanbecause________.A.cleanerspacesarenicertoliveinB.youmightbefined$1500C.diseasesspreadquicklyindirtyplacesD.itcanhelpprotectplanet42.TidyBunnythinks________.A.LittleBug88’sfatherisworriedaboutthefineB.thetelevisionadvertisementsoftheCleanHongKongcampaignareinterestingC.theCleanHongKongcampaignmayhelpmaketheenvironmentcleanerD.litteringinpublicisharmless43.Theunderlinedword“He”inLine35refersto“________”.A.LittleBug88’sfatherB.LittleBug88C.A“littlerbug”D.Everyman44.WhichofthefollowingsentencesabouttheCleanHongKongcampaignisNOTtrue?A.Itisagovernmentcampaign.B.Itawardsmoneytopeoplewhocleanpublicplaces.C.Iteducatespeopleaboutkeepingpublicplacesclean.D.Itconsistsoftelevisionadvertisementandposters.【答案】39.A40.D41.C42.C43.A44.B【解析】【分析】本文是LittleBug88，MsNeat99及TidyBunny三人对香港展开“全城清洁”运动的讨论。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据“Well,I’magainstthiswholeCleanHongKongcampaignasitjustdoesn’twork!There’sstilllittereverywhere!”可知，LittleBug88一开始反对这项运动。故选A。22【40题详解】词义猜测题。根据“…peoplefromlitteringandtokeepourenvironmentclean.”可知，此处是说“阻止”人们乱扔垃圾，这样才会“保持我们的环境清洁”。故选D。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据“It’simportanttokeepourpublicspacesclean,otherwisediseasescanspreadquickly,andwecangetverysick.”可知，MsNeat99认为保持公共空间的清洁很重要，否则疾病会迅速传播，我们会生病。C选项表述正确。故选C。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据“Everyoneneedstodotheirpart.Ifeveryonecleanedupafterthemselves,theenvironmentwouldbealotcleaner.”可知，TidyBunny认为，这项运动会让环境更干净。故选C。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据开头“Mydadhadtopaya$1500finetodayforthrowingacigarettebuttontheground.”可知，是LittleBug88的爸爸被罚款1500美元，结合“Hewilldefinitelythinktwicebeforelitteringagain.A$1500fineisn’tharmless!”可知，此处He指LittleBug88的爸爸。故选A。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据“Thegovernment…It’snowillegaltolitterorspitinpublicplaces.ThecampaignincludespostersandtelevisionadvertisementstoeducatepeopleaboutthelawandencouragethemtokeepHongKongclean.”可知，香港展开“全城清洁”运动是为了呼吁人们保持城市清洁，并不是为了用钱奖励清洁公共场所的人，B选项表述错误。故选B。B.Choosethewordsandcompletethepassage(选择最恰当的单词,完成短文)It’sbeensaidthatfashionisalanguageallitsown.Ifthat’strue,thensomeofthemosteffectivecommunicatorstodayarefashionvloggers.Inthepast,fashionmagazineswereagreatsourceofinformation.Today,however,newsandinformationaboutthelateststylescanbeeasilyfoundontheInternet.Fashionvloggers____45____excitingnewwaystolearnabouttrends(潮流)andothertopics.Theymakeandpostvideosthatshowthemusingdifferenttypesoffashionitems.Manyvloggersworkhardtobeconnectedtotheirviewers.____46____,theviewersareloyal(忠诚的)totheirfavoritevloggers.Whatmakesvloggerssopopular?Theytypicallydon’tstartoutbeingfamous.Moreoften,theyare“oneofus”:____47____peoplewholovefashionandwanttoshareideas.Theirfollowerssimplyhavefaithinthemandoftenbuytheitemstheyfeature.Vloggersoftencreatedemonstrationvideos.Howtotieascarfandhowtoapplymakeupare22twopopularthemes.Outfitideasareanotherpopulartopicforvideos.Forexample,avloggermightshowthe____48____howtomatchcertainclothingitems.Korean-AmericanChriselleLimisoneofthemostfamousfashionvloggers.ThevideosonherYouTubechannelhavereceivedalmost29millionviews.Lim’soriginalgoalwastoshareherownstylewithanyonewhomightbe____49____.Todaysheuseshervideostoeducateandinspiremorethanhalfamillionpeople.Vietnamese—AmericanWendyNguyenisanotherfavoritefashionvloggerandatrue____50____story.ShetookherloveforfashionandcreatedWendy’sLookbook.HerYouTubevideo,“25WaystoWearaScarfin4.5Minutes”hashadabout45millionviews!Bothwomenhavemillionsofloyalfollowerswhotrusttheiradviceonanumberoftopics.It’shardtodenytheimportantrolevloggersplayintoday’sfashionandbeautyindustry.45.A.compareB.manageC.refuseD.provide46.A.WithgreatcareB.InreturnC.ForthefirsttimeD.Atpresent47.A.seriousB.confidentC.averageD.traditional48.A.audienceB.citizensC.staffD.guests49.A.interestedB.thankfulC.humorousD.familiar50.A.loveB.funC.successD.life【答案】45.D46.B47.C48.A49.A50.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拍摄视频博客博主即“微录主”受欢迎的原因。【45题详解】句意：时尚微录主为了解潮流和其他话题提供了令人兴奋的新方式。compare比较；manage完成；refuse拒绝；provide提供，根据空后的“excitingnewways”可知，应该是提供令人兴奋的新方式，故选D。【46题详解】句意：作为回报，观众会忠于他们最喜欢的微录主。Withgreatcare小心翼翼；Inreturn作为回报；Forthefirsttime第一次；Atpresent现在，根据空前的“Manyvloggersworkhardtobeconnectedtotheirviewers”和空后的“theviewersareloyal(忠诚的)totheirfavoritevloggers”可知，应该是作为回报，故选B。【47题详解】句意：喜欢时尚并想分享想法的普通人。22serious严肃的；confident自信的；average普通的；traditional传统的，根据前文的“Theytypicallydon’tstartoutbeingfamous”可知，应该是喜欢时尚的普通人，故选C。【48题详解】句意：一个微录主可能会向观众展示如何搭配某些服装。audience观众；citizen公民；staff工作人员；guests客人，根据空前的“avloggermightshowthe”和空后的“howtomatchcertainclothingitems”可知，应该是向观众展示，故选A。【49题详解】句意：Lim最初的目标是与任何可能感兴趣的人分享她自己的风格。interested感兴趣的；thankful感激的；humorous幽默的；familiar熟悉的，根据空前的“shareherownstylewithanyonewhomightbe”可知，应该是和感兴趣的人分享她的风格，故选A。【50题详解】句意：一个真正的成功故事。love爱；fun趣事；success成功；life生活，根据后文的“Bothwomenhavemillionsofloyalfollowerswhotrusttheiradviceonanumberoftopics”可知，应该是真正的成功故事，故选C。C.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，是其内容通顺，每空格限填一次，首字母已给)Goodthingsoftencomeinsmallpackages.Thisise____51____trueinthecaseofminiatureart(微型艺术),where,uponcloseobservation,greatthingsareoftenrevealed.TheNationalGalleryofLondondescribes“anartistwhopaintsingreatdetailsonaverysmallscale”asaminiaturist.Thepiecesthatminiaturistscreatearecalledminiatureart.E____52____examplescanbedatedbacktocenturiesagoinmanyplacesaroundtheworld.InIndia,tinydrawingswerepaintedontopalmleaves7.62centimeterswide.A12.5-millimeter-tallcarvingofabird,d____53____inLingjing,China,hasbeencalledChina’soldestworkofart.Thecarving,about13,500yearsold,mightbeoneoftheworld’soldestpiecesofminiatureart.Overtheyears,miniaturistshaveusedmanydifferentm____54____,frompapertoplantseeds,tocreatetinypaintings,sculpturesandengravingsofpeople,animalsandscenery.Twothingsarerequiredofeachartist:plentyoftimeandbeingp____55____tocreateminiatureart.Thepiecesaresotinythattheyneedtobeworkedoncarefullyandslowly.Thoughsmall,thepiecesmustbeperfectlyformed.Someoneo____56____said,“Aminiaturemustalwaysbedesignedforcloseobservation.Itismeanttobeheldinthehand,watchedclosely22andeventobelookedatwithamagnifyingglass.”Tinyminiaturepaintingsmustbeaccomplishedwithsuchfinestrokes(笔划)thatwhenthepieceismagnified,itsamazingdetailisenhanced.Thesameistrueforminiaturesculpturesandallotherformsofminiatureart.Miniatureartbegantol____57____itsattractioninthe19thcenturywhenphotographyappeared.Overthelast30years,though,miniatureshavebeenmadepopularagain.Itisunlikelythatminiatureartwillevergoawayaslongaspeopleremainfascinatedbytinymasterpieces.【答案】51.(e)specially##(e)xactly##(e)xtremely52.(E)arly53.(d)iscovered54.(m)aterials55.(p)atient56.(o)nce57.(l)ose【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍微型艺术的发展历史。【51题详解】句意：这在微型艺术中尤其是完全/非常正确的，在那里，通过近距离的观察，伟大的事物往往会被揭示出来。根据题干中“is…true”可知此处需填副词修饰形容词，根据后句“…uponcloseobservation,greatthingsareoftenrevealed.”可知微型艺术是通过近距离观察，伟大美妙的事物常被发现，所以美好的事物常来自于细小的包装，这句话非常准确地诠释了微型艺术。结合所给首字母。故填(e)specially/(e)xactly/(e)xtremely。【52题详解】句意：早期的例子可以追溯到几个世纪前的世界各地的许多地方。根据题干中“bedatedbacktocenturiesago”追溯到几个世纪前以及后句“InIndia,tinydrawingswerepaintedontopalmleaves7.62centimeterswide.A12.5-millimeter-tallcarvingofabird,d..inLingjing,China,hasbeencalledChina’soldestworkofart.”可知在印度，在宽7.62厘米的棕榈叶上画上了细小的图案；在中国灵井发现了一尊12.5毫米高的鸟雕，被称为中国最古老的艺术品。可见很早前就有微型艺术。根据所给空后面的名词可知填形容词。结合后文句意以及首字母。故填(E)arly。【53题详解】句意：在中国灵井发现了一尊12.5毫米高的鸟雕，被称为中国最古老的艺术品。分析题干“A12.5-millimeter-tallcarvingofabird…inLingjing,China,hasbeencalled…”可知此处需用过去分词作定语，修饰“A12.5-millimeter-tallcarvingofabir”，结合句意和所给首字母此处应是22表达在中国发现一尊12.5毫米高的鸟雕。故填(d)iscovered。【54题详解】句意：多年来，微图画家们使用了许多不同的材料，从纸张到植物种子，来创作微型绘画、雕塑和人、动物和风景的雕刻。根据所给空“manydifferent…”可知此处需填名词复数；根据后文“frompapertoplantseeds,tocreatetinypaintings,sculpturesandengravingsofpeople,animalsandscenery.”可知从纸张到植物种子进行雕刻，可见微图画家用不同的材料来创作。结合首字母和句意，故填(m)aterials。【55题详解】句意：每个艺术家都需要两件事：足够的时间和耐心来创作微型艺术。根据题干“being…”可知此处需填形容词，根据后文“Thepiecesaresotinythattheyneedtobeworkedoncarefullyandslowly.”可知这些作品太小了，需要小心而缓慢地处理。”所以微型艺术需要耐心。故填(p)atient。【56题详解】句意：有人曾经说过：“微型模型必须是为了近距离观察而设计的。”根据题干“someone…said”可知此处需填副词；根据后文引用的内容““Aminiaturemustalwaysbedesignedforcloseobservation.Itismeanttobeheldinthehand,watchedcloselyandeventobelookedatwithamagnifyingglass.””可知这是有人曾经说过的话。结合首字母，故填(o)nce。【57题详解】句意：微型艺术在19世纪摄影术出现后开始失去吸引力。根据题干“begintodo”开始做某事，此处需填动词原形，根据后句“…photographyappeared”可知摄影技术出现，可推测出微型艺术就开始失去吸引力。结合所给首字母，故填(l)ose。D.Readthepassagebelowandanswerthefollowingquestions(根据文章内容回答下列问题)TheBoyWhoHarnessedtheWind(《驭风男孩》)tellsthetruestoryofWilliamKamkwamba.HegrewupinasmallvillageinMalawi,Africa.HeandhisfriendsGeoffreyandGilbertmadewhattoystheyhadfromtrash.TheyattendedWimbePrimarySchoolandhelpedtheirfamiliesinthefields.WilliamandGeoffreyhadinterestinradiosandtookthemaparttounderstandthemachineryinside.Williamlookedforwardtosecondaryschoolandtalkingscienceclasses.InDecember2000,heavyrainsmadeittoohardforfarmerstoplanttheircorn.Althoughworriedaboutaterribleharvest,Williambegantryingtounderstandhowbicycledynamos(发电机)work.Theycouldlightabulbusingtheelectricityproducedbysomeonepedaling.Hedreamedofhowhisfamily’slifewouldimprovewithelectricpower.ByDeceber2001,thecornsupplyinhisvillagewasnearlyrunningout,andfamilieswere22starving.Williamlearnedthathehadbeenacceptedintosecondaryschool,whichwouldgivehimachancetoachievehisgoals.Butsoonafterclassesbegan,Williamwasforcedtoleaveschoolbecausetherewasnomoneyforhisschooltuition.FinallyinMarch2002,therewascorn,andfamiliescouldeatagain.WilliamstartedthinkingaboutschoolandvisitedthelibraryatWimbePrimarySchooltokeephismindactive.There,hefoundbooksonphysicsandengineering.FromthepicturesanddiagramsinthebookexplainingPhysics,Williamgottheideatobuildawindmilltoproduceelectricity.Hebeganspendinghisdayslookingforoldmachineryparts.Tothepeopleinhisvillage,Williamseemedtohavegonecrazy.ButWilliam,withthehelpofGilbertandGeoffrey,builtthewindmill.Itworked!Hewiredasystemoflightsforhishouseandalsofiguredouthowtochargecellphones.WhensomeofficialsvisitedWimbePrimarySchool,theynoticedWilliam’swindmill.OnehelpedspreadthestoryoftheboywiththetalentforscienceacrossMalawiandtheworld.WilliamwenttoaTEDConferenceinTanzania.ThenhegotthechancetoattendtheAfricanLeadershipAcademyinSouthAfricawherehemetotheryounginventorsandscientists.TheyallwantedtomakeAfrica’sfuturebrighter.William’struestorytellsusthateverybodyshouldmakeeffortstorealizehisorherdreams.ThoughWilliam6,he6.58.WheredidWilliamKamkwambagrowup?________________________________________________59.WhydidWilliamandGeofferytaketheradiosapart?________________________________________________60.William’sfamilycouldn’taffordforhissecondaryschool,couldthey?________________________________________________61.WhatdidthevillagersthinkofWilliamwhenhedecidedtobuildawindmill?________________________________________________62.WhatledWilliamtoachievehisgoalofmakingawindmill?(Listatleasttwopoints)________________________________________________63.Whatcanbefilledintheblanksinthelastparagraph?ThoughWilliam____________________,he____________________.【答案】58.HegrewupinasmallvillageinMalawi,Africa./InasmallvillageinMalawi,Africa.2259.Tounderstandthemachineryinside./Becausetheywantedtounderstandthemachineryinside.60.No,theycouldn’t.61.TheythoughtWilliamhadgonecrazy./TheythoughtWilliamwascrazy.62.Hishardwork./Thehelpofhisfriends(GilbertandGeoffrey)./Hisinterestinmachinery./Histalentforscience./Learningfrombooks./Readingbooksonphysicsandengineering./Hisperseverance...63.①.grewupinasmallvillageinAfrica/didn’tmakeagoodliving②.workedhardathisdreamsandachievedhisgoalsinlife/nevergaveupandworkedhardtomakehislifebetter(realizehisdreams)【解析】【分析】文章讲了《驭风男孩》的原型WilliamKamkwamba努力实现自己的梦想的事情。【58题详解】根据“HegrewupinasmallvillageinMalawi,Africa.”可知WilliamKamkwamba在非洲马拉维的一个小村庄长大。故填HegrewupinasmallvillageinMalawi,Africa./InasmallvillageinMalawi,Africa.【59题详解】根据“WilliamandGeoffreyhadinterestinradiosandtookthemaparttounderstandthemachineryinside.”可知William和Geoffrey把收音机拆开是为了了解里面的装置。故填Tounderstandthemachineryinside./Becausetheywantedtounderstandthemachineryinside.【60题详解】根据“Williamlearnedthathehadbeenacceptedintosecondaryschool,whichwouldgivehimachancetoachievehisgoals.Butsoonafterclassesbegan,Williamwasforcedtoleaveschoolbecausetherewasnomoneyforhisschooltuition.”可知William的家庭支付不起他上中学的费用，用否定回答。故填No,theycouldn’t.【61题详解】根据“FromthepicturesanddiagramsinthebookexplainingPhysics,Williamgottheideatobuildawindmilltoproduceelectricity....Tothepeopleinhisvillage,Williamseemedtohavegonecrazy.”可知当William决定建一个风力发电机时，村民们认为他疯了。故填TheythoughtWilliamhadgonecrazy./TheythoughtWilliamwascrazy.【62题详解】根据文中内容可知William建成风力发电机离不开他的努力工作、朋友的帮助、他对机械的兴趣、他的科22学天赋、从书本中学习、读过的关于物理和工程学的书、他的坚持等等。答出两点即可。故填Hishardwork./Thehelpofhisfriends(GilbertandGeoffrey)./Hisinterestinmachinery./Histalentforscience./Learningfrombooks./Readingbooksonphysicsandengineering./Hisperseverance...【63题详解】根据“William’struestorytellsusthateverybodyshouldmakeeffortstorealizehisorherdreams.”及上文内容可知William自小生长环境不好，但通过努力实现了他的梦想。故填grewupinasmallvillageinAfrica/didn’tmakeagoodliving；workedhardathisdreamsandachievedhisgoalsinlife/nevergaveupandworkedhardtomakehislifebetter(realizehisdreams)。VII.Writing64.Writeapassageofatleast60wordsonthetopic“Lifeisfullofbeauty”(根据中文提示，以“生活中充满了美”为题，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格)生活并不是缺少美，而是缺少一双发现美的眼睛。只要我们用心感受生活，就能发现身边的美好，也许它只是一个平凡人，一件平常事，一个普通物品，也会给我们的生活增添光彩。请根据自己的经历或者见闻，和同学们分享你在生活中发现的美及感受。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文：LifeisfullofbeautyLifeisfullofbeauty.Iwillneverforgetthedaywhichmakesmefeelmeaningful.MybestfriendLucyandIalwaysridebikestogetherafterschool.Oneday,Iwaitedalongtimebutdidn’tseeher.ThenIsearchedforherinthecornerofourschool.Shewascryingatthattime.ShetoldmethatshewasnervousbecauseshewouldhaveanEnglishtest.IdecidedtohelpherwithEnglish.Thatevening,Ihelpedherreviewthekeypointsandnotes.Twodays22later,shetoldmethatshepassedit.Ifeltsohappy.Helpingothersisthebeautyoflife.【解析】【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇话题作文。要求结合自身经历或见闻以“Lifeisfullofbeauty”为题写一篇短文。2.写作指导：本文主要采用一般过去时，以第一人称为主。分为三段式：第一段引出主题；第二段描述自己的经历；第三段发表自己的感悟。写作时保持主谓一致性，逻辑性要强，无语法和标点错误。22