2022版高考英语一轮巩固达标练Unit3Inventorsandinventions含解析新人教版选修8

Unit3Inventorsandinventions李仕才***阅读理解。Almostnoonecanresistagoodmysterynovelordetectivenovel,sothesenovelssellthousandsofcopieseachyear.AndmanyreadersregardfamousmysteryauthorAgathaChristieasQueenofCrime,whosestoriesareknownfortheirtenseatmosphereandstrongpsychologicalsuspenseandhaveagreateffectontheEnglishmysterynovels.ChristiewasborninSeptember1890inEngland.Whenshewasgrowingup,hermotheroftentoldherstories.Christielovedthesestories,whichtookherintoaworldoffantasy.Christie’smotheralsoencouragedhertowritefromayoungageandalsotookhertotravelalot.ShemarriedArchieChristiein1914atthebeginningofWorldWarⅠ.Duringthewar,Christiewroteherfirstdetectivestory:TheMysteriousAffairatStyles.Shechosethecrime,andtheninventedadetectivenamedHerculePoirot,rankingsecondtoSherlockHolmes,tosolveit.Shesentthebooktoapublisher,butitwasrejected.Afterthewarended,Christiesentherbooktomorepublishers,andfinally,in1920,onepublishedit.Sheearnedjust$25forit.Overthenextfewyears,Christiewrotemorebooksandshortstories,gainingexperienceasawriter.Inspiteofherliterarysuccess,lifewasnotgoingwellathome.In1928,ArchieandAgathagotadivorce(离婚).Ashorttimelater,shemetayoungarchaeologist,MaxMallowan.Aftergettingmarriedin1930,theybegantospendsometimeeachyearintheMiddleEast,whichprovidedsettingsforsomeofChristie’snovels,suchasMurderattheVicarage(1930),MurderontheOrientExpress(1934)andDeathontheNile(1939).Christiecontinuedwritingfortherestofherlife.WhenshediedinJanuary1976,readersaroundtheworldmourned(哀悼)herdeath.Buthertalesofmysterycontinuetobelovedbynewgenerationsofreaders.They’vebeentranslatedintohundredsoflanguagesandaresellingwelltodayand outsoldonlybytheBible9\nandShakespeareinBritain.1.Asawhole,thistext 　　　　.A.isabiographyofAgathaChristieB.promotesAgathaChristie’snovelsC.explainshowAgathaChristiebecameawriterD.isareviewofAgathaChristie’snovels2.WhatdoweknowaboutHerculePoirot?A.HewasbetterknownthanSherlockHolmes.B.HemadeChristiebecomefamous.C.Hewasgoodatcatchingcriminals.D.Hewastheonlymaincharacterinthenovel.3.Fromtheunderlinedpart"outsoldonlybytheBibleandShakespeareinBritain",wecanlearnthat 　　　　.A.theBiblehelpsherworkstosellinBritainB.thesalesofherworksrankthirdinBritainC.theworksofShakespearedon’tsellbetterthanhersinBritainD.theysellwellequallyinBritain4.WhichistherightorderforwhatAgathaChristieexperienced?①Shehadherfirstdetectivenovelpublished.②ShefinishedTheMysteriousAffairatStyles.③Hermotherencouragedhertowrite.④HermarriagetoArchieendedindivorce.⑤ShewroteMurderontheOrientExpress.A.③②④①⑤B.③①②⑤④C.②①③⑤④D.③②①④⑤【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了英国著名女侦探小说家阿加莎·克里斯蒂的生平和她在写作上取得的成就。1.A【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了英国著名女侦探小说家阿加莎·克里斯蒂的生平和她在写作上取得的成就，因此本文是一篇人物传记。故A项正确。9\n2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Shechosethecrime,andtheninventedadetectivenamedHerculePoirot,rankingsecondtoSherlockHolmes,tosolveit."可知，C项正确。4.D【解析】排列顺序题。综合全文信息可知，"她母亲鼓励她写作"最先发生，由此可排除选项C；由第三、四段可知，②先于①发生，①先于④发生，由此可排除A、B两项。故D项正确。***语法填空。Theysurviveinsomeofthecoldestenvironmentsintheworld—butevenpenguinsappreciateawarmwoollyjumper(套头毛衣)onceinawhile.Theminiknittedgarmentshavehelpedsavehundredsofflightlessbirdscaught__1__oilleaks,providingprotectionfromtheelementsandstoppingthemfromswallowing__2__(poison)pollution.KnitsforNature,aprogramrunbythePenguinFoundation,__3__conservesthelittlepenguinpopulationofPhillipIsland,140kmsoutheastofMelbourne,__4__(create)upto300differentdesignsovertheyears—anditisallthankstotalentedvolunteers.“There'salotof__5__(hide)creativityoutthere，”saidLynBlom,ofPhillipIslandNaturePark.“Peoplelovetoknowthatthey'rehelpingthepenguins__6__they'resocuteandsmallandtheywaddleupthebeachandthey'resostrong.Buttheyneedtobe,fortheylivein__7__prettytoughsortofenvironment.”Athumbnail－sizedpatchofoilcankilllittlepenguins,the__8__(small)ofthespecies,measuringjust13inches(33cm)andweighing2.2lbs(1kg).Theoilseparatesandmatstheirfeathers,breakingnaturalwaterproofandheatingfunctions.MsBlomestimates__9__shehasknittedbetween200and300penguinjumpersovertheyears,including__10__inthecoloursofeveryAustralianfootballteaminthecountry.1．________2.________3.________4.________5.________　6.________7.________8.________9.________10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。Ms9\nBlom编织的迷你毛衣成功拯救了数百只企鹅，能防止它们接触到石油中的微量元素，甚至误食有毒的污染物。1．in考查介词。这里是“becaughtin”的固定搭配，意思为“被困于……中”。文中是过去分词短语作定语修饰flightlessbirds。2．poisonous考查词性转换。poisonous作为形容词修饰其后面的名词。3．which考查定语从句的引导词。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词thePenguinFoundation，并在从句中作主语，故用which。4．hascreated考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“overtheyears”可知这里用现在完成时，句子的主语是一个名为KnitsforNature的项目，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数。5．hidden考查非谓语动词。creativity是名词，其前要用形容词修饰，动词hide与creativity之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。此处为过去分词转化而来的形容词作定语。6．because考查连词。“they'resocuteandsmallandtheywaddleupthebeachandthey'resostrong”是“Peoplelovetoknowthatthey'rehelpingthepenguins”的原因，故用because引导原因状语从句。7．a考查冠词。此处表示泛指，且pretty的读音是以辅音音素开头的，故用a。aprettytoughsortofenvironment表示的是“一种相当恶劣的环境”。8．smallest考查形容词的最高级。根据上下文语境和空前的the可知这里应该用最高级。9．that考查宾语从句的连接词。分析句子成分可知，空处引导宾语从句作estimates的宾语，宾语从句中句意和成分完整，故用that。10．those　考查代词。those指代前面所说的penguinjumpers。***完形填空。MakeGoodMemoriesMyhusbandBill'sGrandmawasinanursinghomewhenwemovedbacktoMichigan.Grandmahadbeenunabletowalkforquitesometime；nowhereyesightwasalmostgone.OvertheyearsGrandmaandIhad__1__manycardsandletters.Iknewhowsheenjoyed__2__intouchwithpeople.Grandmawouldhavemewriteletterstogointhecardsshewouldsend.Andshewouldalwayshaveme__3__whatIhadwrittenbacktoher.Grandmadidn'thaveaproblemwithhearingthen__4__shewasalwaystellingme，“Thatisnot__5__howIsaidthat！”IwouldthenrewritewhateverIwroteinherexactwords.SinceIhadsome__6__timebeforeChristmas，IaskedGrandmaifshewouldlike9\ntosend__7__someChristmascards.Grandmareadily__8__.Iroundedupseveraldifferentkindsofcards.Iknewshehadfriendsandfamilywhoallhaddifferent__9__.Iwouldtakeeachcardand__10__indetailthefrontofthecard，thenIwouldreadthewordsinside.After__11__itoverGrandmawouldtellmewhoshethoughtwouldlike__12__card.AfterawhileI__13__andInoticedthatwehadseveralnursinghome__14__standinginthedoorway.IstartedtonoticeasIreadeachcard，the__15__ontheirfacesandGrandma'sface，too.Eachonehada__16__smileandafarawaylookintheireyes，astheywereseeingthescenesintheirminds'eye.IthoughtwhenIwentovertodotheChristmas__17__IwouldbedoingGrandmaafavor，butit__18__thatshedidmeabigfavor.I'llalways__19__thisspecialmemoryofbringingsomeChristmasjoyandpleasant__20__toGrandmaandherfellowresidents.1．A.exchangedB．changedC．tradedD．switched2．A.settlingB．losingC．stayingD．getting3．A.writeB．discoverC．translateD．read4．A.whenB．becauseC．whileD．though5．A.carefullyB．truthfullyC．speciallyD．exactly6．A.extraB．flyingC．essentialD．valuable7．A.forB．upC．outD．away8．A.acknowledgedB．agreedC．admittedD．rejected9．A.addressesB．advantagesC．occupationsD．interests10．A.describeB．communicateC．distinguishD．ignore11．A.talkingB．turning9\nC．takingD．thinking12．A.anotherB．eachC．oneD．other13．A.lookeddownB．lookedoverC．lookedupD．lookedthrough14．A.immigrantsB．visitorsC．patientsD．residents15．A.attentionB．lookC．glanceD．sight16．A.gentleB．roughC．forcedD．whispered17．A.treesB．jobsC．decorationsD．cards18．A.turnedoverB．turnedoutC．cameoverD．leftout19．A.treasureB．admireC．encourageD．recognize20．A.storiesB．facesC．memoriesD．letters【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。有一年，在圣诞节前夕，作者去帮助丈夫的奶奶做圣诞贺卡，但是在这一过程中作者却得到了莫大的帮助。1．A　考查动词辨析。A项意为“交换”；B项意为“改变”；C项意为“交易”；D项意为“转换”。根据逻辑关系可判断出，这些年来，作者和丈夫的奶奶两人之间互相赠送卡片和信件，即交换了很多卡片和信件。故选A。2．C　考查动词辨析。A项意为“解决”；B项意为“失去”；C项意为“保持”；D项意为“得到”。根据下文中丈夫的奶奶常给一些人赠送卡片可判断出，她喜欢和人们保持联系。故选C。3．D　考查动词辨析。A项意为“写”；B项意为“发现”；C项意为“翻译”；D项意为“读”。根据第一段最后一句中的“nowhereyesightwasalmostgone”以及此空格后下一句的描述可判断出，丈夫的奶奶让作者读一下她让作者所写的那些话。故选D。4．B　考查连词辨析。根据下文中的“That'snot...howIsaidthat！”可知，丈夫的奶奶的听力是没有问题的。此处应用because引导这个原因状语从句。故选B。9\n5．D　考查副词辨析。A项意为“细心地”；B项意为“诚实地”；C项意为“专门地”；D项意为“精确地，准确地”。根据语境可知，此处指丈夫的奶奶常说作者所写的跟她所说的并不完全一样。故选D。6．A　考查形容词辨析。A项意为“额外的”；B项意为“飞行的”；C项意为“必要的”；D项意为“值钱的，宝贵的”。由下文中的“IaskedGrandmaifshewouldliketosend”可知，此处指在圣诞节前夕作者有些空闲时间。故选A。7．C　考查介词辨析。四个选项皆可与空格前的“send”构成短语：sendfor意为“派人去叫”；sendup意为“发射，使上升”；sendout意为“分发，发送”；sendaway意为“解雇”。根据语境可知，此处指是否需要帮助丈夫的奶奶分发贺卡。故选C。8．B　考查动词辨析。A项意为“承认”；B项意为“同意”；C项意为“承认”；D项意为“拒绝”。根据下文“Iroundedupseveraldifferentkindsofcards.”可判断出，丈夫的奶奶同意了作者的提议。故选B。9．D　考查名词辨析。A项意为“地址”；B项意为“优势”；C项意为“职业”；D项意为“兴趣”。根据逻辑关系可判断出，丈夫的奶奶的那些朋友和亲人有不同的兴趣，所以给他们送贺卡时要根据他们的兴趣来送。故选D。10．A　考查动词辨析。A项意为“描述”；B项意为“交流”；C项意为“区分”；D项意为“忽视”。语境表示，每拿起一张贺卡，作者就会向丈夫的奶奶详细描述贺卡封面上的内容。故选A。11．D　考查动词辨析。四个选项皆可与后面的“over”构成短语：talkover意为“详细地商议”；turnover意为“使翻转”；takeover意为“接管”；thinkover意为“仔细考虑”。根据常识可判断出，丈夫的奶奶应该是经过仔细考虑后告诉作者哪个人会喜欢哪一张贺卡。故选D。12．B　考查限定词辨析。根据本段第五句中的“eachcard”可判断出，此处指哪个人会喜欢哪一张贺卡，此处应用each。故选B。13．C　考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“向下看”；B项意为“检查”；C项意为“抬头看”；D项意为“浏览”。根据下文中的“Inoticedthat”可判断出，作者应该是抬头看到了门口的几个人。故选C。14．D　考查名词辨析。A项意为“移民”；B项意为“参观者”；C项意为“病人”；D项意为“居民”。根据语境可知，此处指作者看到了几位住在养老院的人站在门口。故选D。15．B　考查名词辨析。A项意为“注意力”；B项意为“表情，神情”；C项意为“一瞥”；D项意为“视力”。根据下一句中的“smile”和“afarawaylook”可判断出，作者应该是看了看那些人脸上的神情。故选B。16．A　考查形容词辨析。A项意为“温和的”；B项意为“粗糙的”；C项意为“被迫的”；D项意为“低语的”。根据逻辑关系可判断出，每个人脸上都有很温和的笑容。故选A。17．D　考查名词辨析。A项意为“树”；B项意为“工作”；C项意为“装饰”；D项意为“卡片”。根据第三段第一句中的“someChristmas9\ncards”可判断出，作者本想去帮助丈夫的奶奶做圣诞贺卡。故选D。18．B　考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“使翻转”；B项意为“结果是”；C项意为“突然感到”；D项意为“不包括”。根据语境可知，此处指结果却是丈夫的奶奶帮助了作者。故选B。19．A　考查动词辨析。A项意为“珍视”；B项意为“钦佩”；C项意为“鼓励”；D项意为“认出”。语境表示，作者会一直珍视这种能给圣诞节带来快乐的特别回忆。故选A。20．C　考查名词辨析。A项意为“故事”；B项意为“脸”；C项意为“记忆”，D项意为“信”。根据上文中的“thisspecialmemory”及文章标题可知，此处指对丈夫的奶奶以及她那些朋友的美好回忆。故选C。***短文改错。SchoolEnglishDramaClubwasselectingactorsandactressesforthedramaTheMillionPoundBankNote.ItisfamousshortstorywritingbytheAmericanauthorMarkTwain.Theselection,thatisinthechargeofMrSmith,willbemadeattheschoolhallinMay20th,2022.Anystudentatourschoolwhomeetswiththefollowingcriteriawillbeofferedachancetobecomeanactororactress.Firstly,heorsheshouldlovecreativeandinterestedperformances.Secondly,heorsheshouldbeabletospeakfluentEnglish.Moreimportant,heorsheshouldhavereadtheshortstoryandisfamiliarwiththewholestory.Thankyouforyourattentions.答案：SchoolEnglishDramaClubselectingactorsandactressesforthedramaTheMillionPoundBankNote.ItisfamousshortstorybytheAmericanauthorMarkTwain.Theselection,isinthechargeofMrSmith,willbemadeattheschoolhallMay20th,2022.Anystudentatourschoolwhomeetsthefollowingcriteriawillbeofferedachancetobecomeanactororactress.Firstly,heorsheshouldlovecreativeandperformances.Secondly,heorsheshouldbeabletospeak9\nfluentEnglish.More，heorsheshouldhavereadtheshortstoryandfamiliarwiththewholestory.Thankyouforyour.难项分析：第三处：writing→written'考查非谓语动词。write与story之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处需用过去分词作后置定语，表示“由MarkTwain所著/所写”。第四处：that→which'考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Theselection。注意：that不能引导非限制性定语从句。第九处：is→be'考查情态动词的用法。and连接的两个并列成分均位于情态动词should后，需用动词原形，故此处改为be。***9