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吉林省吉林市2022高考英语一轮 阅读理解暑假训练题(4)

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吉林市2022高考英语阅读理解一轮(暑假)训练题(4)及答案(南京市高三第一次模拟考试)   Environmentalistssaidourplanetwasdoomedtodie.Nowonemansaystheyarewrong.   "Everyoneknowstheplanetisinbadshape,"thunderedamagazinearticlelastyear.Species(物种)arebeingdriventodieoutatrecordrates,andtheriversaresopoisonousthatfisharefloatingonthesurface,dead.   Butthere'sagrowingbeliefthatwhateveryonetakesforgrantediswrong:thingsareactuallygettingbetter.Anewbookisabouttooverturnourmostbasicassumptionsabouttheworld'senvironment.Rivers,seas,rainandtheatmosphereareallgettingcleaner.Thetotalamountofforestsintheworldisnotdeclining.TheSkepticalEnvironmentalistbyBjornLomborg,professorofstatisticsattheUniversityofAarhusinDenmark,isanattackonthemisleadingclaimsofenvironmentalgroups,andthe"badnews"culturethatmakespeoplebelieveeverythingisgettingworse.   Nowtheattacksareincreasinglycoiningfromleft-wingenvironmentalistssuchasLomborg,aformermemberofGreenpeace.Theaccusationisthat,althoughtheenvironmentisimproving,greengroups—withprofitsofhundredsofmil-lionsofpoundsayear—areusingscaretactics(谋略)togaindonations.Lomborg'sbookdoesn'tdenyglobalwarming—probablythebiggestenvironmentalthreat—butdestroysalmosteveryotherenvironmentalclaimwithmanyofficialstatistics.   TheWorldwatchInstituteclaimsthat"deforestationhasbeenacceleratingoverthelast30years".ButLomborgsaysthatissimplyrubbish.Sincethedawnofagriculturetheworldhaslostabout20percentofitsforestcover,butinrecentdecadestheforestarea'sdepletinghascometoastop.AccordingtoUNfigures,theareaofforestshasremainedalmoststeady,atabout30percentoftotallandarea,-9-\nsincethe1940s.ForestsincountriessuchastheUS,theUKandCanadahaveactuallybeenexpandingoverthepast40years.DespiteallthewarningstheAmazonrainforesthasonlyshrunk(缩小)byabout15percent.   Norareallourspeciesdyingout.Somecampaignersclaimthat50percentofallspecieswillhavediedoutwithin50years.Butotherstudiesshowonly0.08percentofspeciesaredyingouteachyear.Conservationeffortshavebeensuccessful.Whalesarenolongerthreatenedandthebaldeagleisofftheendangeredlist.   Environmentalgroupsclaimthatmanyoftheimprovementsaretheresultsofthesuccessoftheircampaigns.StephenTindale,directorofGreenpeaceUK,said,"Thereareimportantexamples,suchasacidrainandozone,wherethingsaren'tasbadaspredicted,andthat'sbecausebehaviorhaschanged."(1)Inhisbook,TheSkepticalEnvironmentalist,whatisLomborg'smainargument?A.Ourplanetisinbadshape.B.Theworld'senvironmentisimproving.C.Thetotalamountofforestsintheworldisnotdeclining.D.Conservationeffortshavebeensuccessful.(2)WhatisLomborg'smainaccusationofenvironmentalists?A.Theyscaredpeopleintomakingdonations.B.Theyoverturnedourbasicassumptionsabouttheworld'senvironment.C.Theychangedtheirbehaviortowardtheenvironment.D.Theyonlytoldpeoplebadnewsabouttheenvironment.(3)Theunderlinedword"depleting"inParagraph5isclosestinmeaningto"____".-9-\nA.reducing               B.limitingC.expanding             D.accelerating(4)Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Thetotalareaofforestsintheworldhasincreasedsignificantly.B.Theeffectsofglobalwarmingarenotasbadasfirstexpected.C.Itappearsthatthebaldeaglewillnowsurvive.D.Inthelast50yearsthenumberofwhaleshasincreased.【解析】 “环境一直在变坏,我们的星球末日将要来临”,这是环保主义者们发出的警告,然而Lomborg的新书却提出了完全相反的观点,他批驳了环保主义者们耸人听闻的言论。(1)B 本题考查细节理解。根据文章第一段与第三段可知Lomborg在TheSkepticalEnvironmentalist中的观点(argument)是环境状况正在改善,因此选项B正确,C项只是他观点的一部分,不全面,故排除。(2)A 本题考查细节理解。根据文章第四段中的第二句话可知Lomborg指责环保主义者们利用恐吓手段让人们捐款。(3)A 本题考查猜测词义。第五段Lomborg通过一些数据反驳了TheWorldwatchInstitute的观点"deforestationhasbeenaccelerationoverthelast30years",Lomborg认为在最近几十年森林面积的缩小已经停止,因此选择reducing。 (4)C 本题考查细节判断。根据文章倒数第二段中的"Whalesarenolongerthreatenedandthebaldeagleisofftheendangeredlist"可知秃鹰已经不属于濒危的物种了,由此可知C项正确。-9-\n**********************************************************结束7、(浙江省温州市2022年高三第一次适应性测试)RentalsNYC.East7lstStreet,Lexington/Park. $1,850;sunny,furnishedstudioapartmentinNewYorkCity,availableforlong-termrental.Infoandphotos,e-mail:cenlterperform@aol.com.Vacationrentals:Florence,PiazzaS.Croce,2BR,largekitchen,livingroom,twobathrooms,fullyequipped,1.700permonth.Forphotosanddetails,contactp_corsi@yaoo.com.CharmingHouse—Florence&Todi,Italy.3bedrooms,fireplaces,garden,breathtakingviews,parking.Tel./fax:(+39)0552298620;e-mail:georgetatge@libero.it.ExchangeEnglishAcademicSeeksExchange:houseinLondon(Highgate)forNYCapartment,toaccommodatetwo.September-November,2022.Contactmarcus.giaquinto@ucl.ac.uk.GreenSingles.com—Meetsinglebookloverswhovaluegreenliving,naturalhealth,personalgrowth,spirituality.www.greensingles.comSingleBooklovers,established1970.Findsingleswhoenjoyreading,books,artsandculture.www.singlebookloves.com.PositionsHunted ExperiencedResearcher,inGeneva,havinganelegantinternationallevelofpersonalassistance,bothinFrenchandEnglish,withgoodcomputerknowledge,willingto-9-\ntravel.bdsmac@gmail.com.Psychotherapy(心理治疗)ChildandFamilyTherapistoffershelptomakelifeathomehappierandmoreharmonious.VisitRosaleen(Rusty)Hornatwww.psychologytoday.com;(212)799-0695.WebsitesGlobalWarming:thetruth.It’sthehardtruth:we’redone.www.irawrites.com.LITBITS:somewherebetweentheseminarroomandthepub,wetalkliteraturefromsurprisingangles.Listenforfreeathttp.//web.me.com/adamsmyth.Topicssofar:foodandliterature;badliterature;soccerandliterature.Books BOOKSEARCH.Old,rare,andout-of-printbooks. MarshaJ.Shapiro:355west85thStreet,Apc.77,NewYork, NY10024;(212)595—4219;mshap10424@aol.com.PersonalsRetiredArchitect,UpperEastSide,kind-hearted,lovesclassicalmusic,movies,cats,puns,andcrosswords.SeeksfriendshipwithManhattanladyforconcerts,museumsandtravellingabroad.(212)327—2422.AdventuresomeSpirit,companionable,verygoodlookingblonde,easy-going.Slender,athletic,photographer.Livelly,generous,Lovesbeingathome:cozyingupwithabook,cookingforfriends.Seekingathletic,fit,professional,man58—78,curioustotravel,exploretheworld.-9-\n travelcuriosity3@gmail.tom.(561)601—8202.AccomplishedWoman,greatsmile,healthy,veryattractive,Cambridgeacademic,writer,fit,verysane,interestedinfriendshipwithmall,60+,similardescriptors,forexplorations.Hsms66@gmail.tom.(1)IfyouwanttorentahouseinNewYorkCity,youcansendane-mailto________.   A.marcus.giaquinto@ucl.ac.uk   B.p_corsi@yahooo.com   C.georgetatge@libero.it   D.centerperform@aol.com(2)Thepersonwiththeemailaddressofbdsmac@gmail.comwanttofind________.   A.anexperiencedresearchertoworkwith   B.someonetoteachFrenchandEnglish   C.ajobtoworkasanexcellentassistant   D.aresearcherwillingtotraveltoGeneva(3)Ifyouwanttobuysomeout-of-printbooks,youcandial________.   A.(617)66l一3849               B.(561)601—8202   C.(212)799—0695              D.(212)595—4219(4)65-vear-oldDouglascan’tstandlonelinessanymore.Hecouldgethelpfrom"________".-9-\n   A.Psychotherapy                B.Personals   C.Exchange                        D.Rentals【解析】本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了几类实用的广告以及它们的相关信息。(1)D事实细节题。从Rentals部分可以看出,如果你要在纽约租房子可以发送邮件到centerperform@aol.com,由此答案选D项。(2)C事实细节题。从PositionsHunted部分可以看出,邮箱地址是bdsmac@gmail.com的人想要找一份工作,再结合"personalassistance”可知他想找一份助理的工作,由此答案选C项。(3)D事实细节题。从Books部分可以看出,如果要买绝版的书(out-of-printbooks)的话,可以拨打电话(212)595-4219,由此答案选D项。  (4)B事实细节题。从文章最后的Personals部分可以看出这里是关于交友的信息,故65岁的Douglas想摆脱孤独可以在这里得到些许帮助,答案选B项。*******************************************************结束(D)Attimesweallgetangrywhenwearedriving.Itmightbebecausewearestuckinatrafficjamorstuckbehindaveryslowdriver.Itmightbebecausewethinkanotherdriverhasdonesomethingverystupidanddangerous.Whateverthereason,itseemsthatgettingangryinacarissomethingwhichhappensmoreandmoreoftenandthereisnowaspecialtermforit“roadrage”.Someexpertseventhinkthatroadrageisakindofmentalillness!Howcanwerecognizethis“illness”ofroadrage?Therearetwokindsofroadrage:aggressivedrivingandaggressivereactionstothe-9-\nwayotherpeoplearedriving.Aggressivedrivingcantakedifferentforms:●Drivingmuchfasterthanthespeedlimit.●Increasingyourspeedveryquickly.●Drivingveryclosebehindthecarinfrontandsoundingthehornorflashingtheheadlights.●Changinglanesverysuddenlyandblockinganothercar.●Movingintoaparkingspacewhereanothercaristryingtopark.Therearealsodifferentreactionstothewayotherpeoplearedriving.Theseinclude:●Makingrudesignsatpeople.●Shoutingatpeopleandthreateningthem.●Deliberatelydrivingintoanotherperson’scar.●Hittingsomebody.●Usingaweaponsuchasabaseballbat,orevenagunoraknife.Roadrageiscertainlynotajoke.Therehavebeenincidentsofroadragewhichhaveledtoseriousinjuriesandevenmurder.Expertsthinkthatonereasonforroadrageisthatfilmsshowalotofexamplesoffastandaggressivedrivingsuchascarchaseswherethiskindofdrivingseemstobepositive.Expertsalsothinkthatthepunishmentsfordangerousdrivingarenotseriousenough.Experienceshowsthatdrivingproblemscanbecontrolled,butittakesalongtime.IntheUKinthelast30years,thepolicehavebeenquitesuccessfulinreducingthenumberofpeoplewhodrinkanddrive.Theyarenowworkingtostoppeopleusingmobilephoneswhentheyaredriving.Let’shopetheycanhavethesamesuccesswiththeroadrage.48.WhichofthefollowingstatementsdoesNOTdescribeaggressivedriving?A.Drivingmuchfasterthanthespeedlimit.B.DrinkinganddrivingC.Movingintoaparkingspacewhereanothercaristryingtopark.D.Changinglanesverysuddenlyandblockinganothercar.49.Roadragehappenspossiblybecause______.-9-\nA.thedriversaredrunkB.itwon’tcauseseriousinjuriesordeathC.we’reinafast-changingsocietyD.thepunishmentsarenotseriousenough50.What’sthetone(语气)ofthelastparagraph?A.SadB.ColdC.OptimisticD.Exciting参考答案(D)48-50BDC;*************************************************************结束-9-

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发布时间:2022-08-25 23:46:39 页数:9
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