2023版高考英语一轮复习23重要国际组织与社会公益机构课时提能练含解析202303172128

课时提能练(二十三)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·石家庄市阶段性训练)Beingtheworld'smosttrustedvolunteerorganization,IVHQ(InternationalVolunteerHeadquarters)offersvolunteerprogramsinmorethan50destinations.Hereareafewofthem.MarineConservationVolunteerProgramVolunteersofthisprogramworkinQueensland,Australia.Youwilljoinconservationeffortslikecollectingsearubbish.Requirements：Volunteersneedtobe18yearsoldandover.Beabletoswim.SpeakfluentEnglish.Presentapolicecheck.Havetravelinsurance.Completeourfreepredeparturetraining.Fees:1week$1,010,2weeks$2,020,3weeks$2,980ShrinersHospitalsforChildrenProgramVolunteersinShrinersHospitalsforChildreninHonolulu，Hawaiineedtopickuppatients，deliversuppliesandtutorpatients.Requirements:Volunteersmustbeatleast16yearsold.Beavailabletovolunteertwohoursperweekforatleastfivemonths.Agreetoapolicecheckandadrugtest.Weofferfreetraininguponyourarrival.Fees：Nofeesareneeded.YouthSupportVolunteerProgramVolunteersareplacedincommunitycentersofNewOrleans，Louisiana,USAtoprovidetutoringandpositiveactivitiesfortheyouth.Youcanalsohelporganizationsbybeautifyingspaces，reorganizingclassroomsandpreparingmaterials.Requirements：Volunteersneedtobe18yearsoldandover.Havetravelinsuranceandprovideapolicecheck.Thetrainingfeeisincludedintheprogramfee.Fees：1week$520,2weeks$825,3weeks$1,125PreschoolEnglishProgramVolunteersworkinginCusco,PeruwillteachEnglishinpreschoolswithyoungerchildrenoffourtofiveyearsold.Requirements：18yearsoldandover.Nopreviousteachingexperienceisrequired,butabasicunderstandingofSpanishisrequired.Theemergencycontact,policecheckandresume(个人简历)arerequired.Trainingwillbeconductedonline\nforfree.Fees：1week$320,2weeks$550,3weeks$735【语篇解读】　本文介绍了国际志愿者总部(InternationalVolunteerHeadquarters)的四个志愿者服务项目的招募信息。1．Whichprogramsuitsa17yearoldvolunteer?A．MarineConservationVolunteerProgram.B．ShrinersHospitalsforChildrenProgram.C．YouthSupportVolunteerProgram.D．PreschoolEnglishProgram.B　[细节理解题。根据ShrinersHospitalsforChildrenProgram部分中的“Volunteersmustbeatleast16yearsold.”可知，ShrinersHospitalsforChildrenProgram适合17岁的志愿者，故选B。]2．WhatshouldthevolunteersdoinYouthSupportVolunteerProgram?A．Collectsearubbish.B．Pickupandtutorpatients.C．Reorganizeclassrooms.D．TeachtheEnglishlanguage.C　[细节理解题。根据YouthSupportVolunteerProgram部分中的“Youcanalsohelporganizationsbybeautifyingspaces，reorganizingclassroomsandpreparingmaterials.”可知，在这个项目中，志愿者可以帮助重新安排教室，故选C。]3．WhatisrequiredfortheprogramsinAustraliaandPeru?A．Apolicecheck.　　　B．Thetravelinsurance.C．Adrugtest.D．Theemergencycontact.A　[细节理解题。根据题干关键词AustraliaandPeru定位到MarineConservationVolunteerProgram部分中的“Presentapolicecheck”和PreschoolEnglishProgram部分中的“Theemergencycontact，policecheckandresume(个人简历)arerequired.”，由此可知，两个项目都需要无犯罪记录证明，故选A。]BAsimpleprojecttohelpafamilyinneedstoppedLukeMickelsoninhistracks.In2012,heandhisfamilywereinspiredtobuildanddonateabunkbed,onebedontopoftheother，afterlearningtherewerelocalchildrenwhosleptonthefloor.Shockedtodiscoverhowwidespreadthisneedwasinhiscommunity,MickelsonfoundedSleepinHeavenlyPeace，anonprofitthatbuildsanddeliversbedstochildren\ninneed.BornandraisedinIdaho,Mickelson,now41，hadathrivingcareer.Hecoachedhiskids'sportsteamsandfishedinthenearbyriver.Butwhenhemetchildrenwhoweresleepingonthefloor，hispeacefullifechangedcourse.Usingsafetyguidelinesandhisdaughter'sbunkbedasamodel,Mickelsonstartedbuyingwoodandsuppliestobuildbedswithhisownmoney.Herecruitedfriendsandfamilymemberstohelparoundtheholidays.Asthewordspread,interestandinvolvementfromhisandothercommunitiesflooded—alongwithMickelson'sbunkbedoutput.“Thatfirstproject,webuilt11bunkbedsinmygarage，”hesaid.“Thenextyear,wedid15.Thenitdoubledeveryyear.In2017,webuilt612bunkbeds.”Withthemotto“Nokidsleepsonthefloorinourtown”，thenonprofitanditsmorethan65brancheshavebuiltanddeliveredmorethan1,500freebedstochildrenacrossAmerica.Butalongwiththerapidgrowth,Mickelsonwasfacedwithatoughchoice：advancinghiscareerorhisnonprofit.Hechosethelatterandwentfrommaking“greatmoneytozeromoney”.He'sneverlookedback.“IfoundthattheneedIhaveisn'tfinancial，”hesaid.“TheneedIhaveisseeingthejoyonkids'faces，knowingthatIcanmakeadifference.”【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。Mickelson为了让自己社区的无床可睡的孩子们能够有床睡觉，成立了一个公益组织“SleepinHeavenlyPeace”。4．WhydidMickelsonsetupSleepinHeavenlyPeace？A.Tohelpthepoorchildren.B．Tomakeabigfortune.C．Toinspirehiscommunity.D．Togetmoredonations.A　[细节理解题。根据文章的第一段，尤其是最后一句中的“MickelsonfoundedSleepinHeavenlyPeace，anonprofitthatbuildsanddeliversbedstochildreninneed.”可知，Mickelson创建这个非营利组织是为了帮助贫困儿童。]5．WhatdoweknowaboutLukeMickelson?A．Hehadhisownfishfarm.B．Hechangedhiscareerfromtimetotime.C．Heusedtosleeponthefloorwhenhewasakid.D．Heoriginallyhadarelaxingandpleasantlife.D　[推理判断题。根据文章的第二段，尤其是最后一句“Butwhenhemetchildrenwhoweresleepingonthefloor，hispeacefullifechanged\ncourse.”可推知，Mickelson一开始过着轻松、舒适的生活。]6．HowdidotherpeoplereacttoMickelson'sproject?A．Theyshowedlittleinterestinit.B．Theyweresupportiveandinvolvedinit.C．Theyweredoubtfulaboutthesafetyofthebunkbed.D．Theyvolunteeredtobuybedswiththeirownmoney.B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Herecruitedfriendsandfamilymemberstohelparoundtheholidays.Asthewordspread，interestandinvolvementfromhisandothercommunitiesflooded”可知，Mickelson的朋友和其他家庭成员都来帮忙，随着消息的传播，更多人参与进来，由此可知，人们对Mickelson创建的这个组织非常支持，并且积极参与。]7．WhatisMickelson'sattitudetothenonprofit?A．Ambiguous.　　　　B．Defensive.C．Cautious.D．Positive.D　[推理推断题。根据文章最后一段，尤其是“TheneedIhave...makeadifference.”可知，Mickelson想要看到孩子们脸上的喜悦，他知道他在做一些有影响的事；由此可推知，他对这个组织持积极的态度。]C(2020·江西省重点高中盟校联考)IntheremotemountainsofSouthKorea,aboutasfarawayasonecangetfromthecountry'shightechcities，teenageInternetaddictsareturningupfora12daybootcamp.KyleWon'saddictionisoutofcontrol.Hespends10hoursadayontheInternet.NowKyle'ssmartphoneistakenaway.“I'mreallyworriedbecauseIwon'thavemyphonefor12daysbutItrustotherthingswillfillmytime，”hesaid.Theteachersheredowhattheycantogetthemsocializingagain；formany，theonlyfriendstheyhavehadareonline.“IhaverelationshipsontheInternetandarealdistancehasgrownwithmyreallifefriendsandIknowit'snotgood，”Kylesaid.Theteachersshowthemotherpossibilitiesandbringbackdreamsandhopesthathavebeenburiedbytheiraddictions.“WeteachthemmethodsofselfmanagingtheirdesiretousetheInternetsotheycancontinuetousethemwhentheygobackhome，”ShimYongchool，ateacherhere,said.AfterjusttwodaysKylesaiditwashelping.He'ssetagoodexampletoothersthoughhehasn'treachedthegoalcompletely.SouthKoreanpsychiatrists(精神病学家)areurgingmoreactionsastheyarefindingevidencethattoomuchscreentimeisabarriertothedevelopingminds.ProfessorKangSeakYoungfromDankookUniversitysaidtheaddictionwasdamaging\ncriticalthinking.“Itaffectsthefrontallobes(额叶)whichareimportantforcriticalanalysis，”ProfessorKangsaid.“Readingabookwhileguessingwhathappensinthestorynextshowsactivityinfrontallobesbutplayingpopularcomputergamesforalongtimeshowsnoactivity.”SouthKoreaisoneofthemostwirednationsonEarth,butitdoeshaveacost.Oneinevery10kidsisanaddict,sothecountryisnowlearninghowtomanageitshightechfuturetoavoidmoreseriousconsequences.【语篇解读】　每10个韩国青少年中就有1个染上网瘾。韩国政府为此建立了戒网瘾训练营，训练营的老师们帮助有网瘾的孩子们重建与现实世界的联系，教给他们合理使用网络的方法。8．Whatdotheteachersinthecampteachteenagerstodo?A．Selfmanagetheirsmartphones.B．AttainsomethingbeyondtheInternet.C．Makeonlinefriendsmorewisely.D．Keepawayfromelectronicproducts.B　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Theteachersheredowhattheycantogetthemsocializingagain”和“Theteachersshowthemotherpossibilitiesandbringbackdreamsandhopesthathavebeenburiedbytheiraddictions.”信息可知，这里的老师尽其所能让学生们重新融入社会，向他们展示人生其他的可能性，并让他们意识到被网瘾所埋葬的梦想和希望。由此推知，这里的老师们帮助孩子们获得网络以外的东西。]9．WhydoestheauthormentionKyle'sstory?A．Hefacedthemostseriousaddiction.B．Hehassucceededinkickingtheaddiction.C．He'stherepresentativeoftheaddicts.D．Heparticipatedinthecampactively.C　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“KyleWon'saddictionisoutofcontrol.Hespends10hoursadayontheInternet.NowKyle'ssmartphoneistakenaway.”“AfterjusttwodaysKylesaiditwashelping”等信息对Kyle和训练营的介绍可知，作者以Kyle为代表，谈论网瘾青少年在戒网瘾训练营的相关情况。]10．WhatdoesParagraph3intendtotellus?A．Theimportanceofofflinereading.B．Theeffectsoffrontallobesonthinking.C．Thepopularityofkids'Internetgames.D．TheharmofInternetaddictiontobrains.\nD　[段落大意题。第三段主要谈到了韩国精神病学家呼吁采取更多行动，因为他们发现，用电脑的时间过长阻碍大脑的发育，这种上瘾会影响大脑额叶，损害批判性思维。由此推知该题应选D。]11．Whichsayingcanexplaintheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?A．Therearetwosidestoeverycoin.B．Nopain，nogain.C．It'sgoodtolearnatanotherman'scost.D．Preventionisbetterthancure.A　[句意理解题。根据画线句“SouthKoreaisoneofthemostwirednationsonEarth，butitdoeshaveacost”和其后的“Oneinevery10kidsisanaddict”可知，韩国是世界上网络最发达的国家之一，但这也是有“代价”的，网络的普遍导致韩国十分之一的孩子网络上瘾。因此画线句应表明了事物都有两面性，有利亦有弊。故A项Therearetwosidestoeverycoin“凡事都有两面性”正确。Nopain，nogain“不劳无获”；It'sgoodtolearnatanotherman'scost“前车之覆，后车之鉴”；Preventionisbetterthancure“预防胜于治疗”。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2020·浙江省金华十校模拟)Therearemanykindsofbookclubswheremembersdiscussadifferentbookeverymonth.Whataboutdinnerclubs,wherepeoplegettogetheronceamonthorfourtimesayeartomakeandeatdinner?InthedinnerclubthatIjoined,thehostessofthedinnerclubwouldprepareabigdinnerfirst.1Thiswasthebeginningofourdinnerclub.Therearetwovariationsofdinnerclubs.Onehasagroupofpeoplewhotryadifferentrestaurantonceamonth.2Whentheyallmeet,theyorderandsharedifferentdishes.Thisisagreatidea,especiallyifyouliveinabigcitywheretherearehundredsofdifferentrestaurants.3Onewayistohavethehostessforthemonthdecideonatypeoffood.Thehostessisresponsibleforcookingtheentrees.Theothermembersmakedifferentcoursesathome,likesaladanddessert,andbringthemtothedinnerclub.Foranevenmoreexcitingandinteractivetypeofdinnerclubs,theentiregroupcomestogetherinthehostess'kitchen.4Inthiswaythemembersofthegrouplearnaboutnotonlydifferenttypesoffood,butalsodifferentmethodsofcooking.Thegreatthingaboutadinnerclubisthatitservesinmanydifferentways.Youcanmakethedinnerclubevenmorespecialonemonthbyinvitingpartners.5Astayathomemothercangetacoupleofotherstayathomemotherstogetherand\nstartachildren'slunchclub.Ifyouhaveagroupoffriendsthatlovetogettogetherandexperimentwithdifferenttypesoffood,thepossibilitiesareendless!A．Theypreparetheentiremealinagroupeffort.B．Usuallyonememberdecidesontherestaurant.C．Thenthememberswouldbegindiscussingthefood.D．Theyarelikemindedpeoplewithsimilareducationlevel.E．Thesecondkindofdinnerclubshasmanydifferentforms.F．Itoffersregularwellorganizedsocialeventsinselectedplaces.G．Couplescangettogetherforsomefoodandgreatconversations.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了饮食俱乐部的组织方式以及给人们带来的好处。1．C　[考查细节支撑。根据前文中的“thehostessofthedinnerclubwouldprepareabigdinnerfirst”及后文中的“Thiswasthebeginningofourdinnerclub.”可知，主持人先将饭菜准备好，然后俱乐部的成员们开始品评这些食物，这是饮食俱乐部活动的开始。故选C。]2．B　[考查细节支撑。根据前文中的“agroupofpeoplewhotryadifferentrestaurantonceamonth”可知，这里讲述的是在餐馆里面举办饮食聚会，再结合后文中的“Whentheyallmeet”可知，空处所填的内容需要表明怎样选择餐馆，故选B。]3．E　[考查段落主旨。根据第二段第一句“Therearetwovariationsofdinnerclubs.”以及第二句中的“Onehas”可知，第三段讲述的是饮食俱乐部举办的第二种方式，故选E。]4．A　[考查细节支撑。根据前文中的“theentiregroupcomestogetherinthehostess'kitchen”及后文中的“learnaboutnotonlydifferenttypesoffood，butalsodifferentmethodsofcooking”可知，空处所填的内容需要表明俱乐部成员聚集到厨房后该做什么才能既可以了解不同的食物又可以学习做饭菜的方法，故选A。]5．G　[考查细节支撑。根据前文中的“byinvitingpartners”以及后文所举的例子“getacoupleofotherstayathomemotherstogether”可知，该空所填的内容需要表明邀请俱乐部伙伴之后该如何做，这样才能与该空后所举的例子联系起来，故选G。]