2023高考英语二轮复习增分强化练四阅读理解+语法填空+短文改错+书面表达含解析202303171216
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增分强化练(四) 阅读理解×2+语法填空+短文改错+书面表达(限时60分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解AEvenifyoudon'tknowmuchaboutRussianauthorMaximGorky(1868-1936),youmaybefamiliarwithhisfamouspoemTheSongoftheStormyPetrelsinceitsendingnote“Letitbreakinallitsfury!”hasbeenencouraginggenerationsofpeopleforyearsnow.Gorkywasahighlyinfluentialauthor.Morethananyotherwriter,helaidthefoundationsforthefamousliterarystyleknownassocialistrealism.Inthiskindofwriting,theauthorusesliterarytechniquestocreatetheimpressionofrealityinhisorherwritings.March16markedthe152thanniversaryofGorky'sbirth.Hewasbornintoanordinarylifebutsoonbecameanorphan,beforebeingraisedbyhisgrandmotherinpoverty.Ashegrewolder,hewouldtakeajobandthenquicklymoveontoanother.Hetriedmanyjobs,buttheonethatheseemedtolovethemostwasbeingajournalist.Itwasinthisjobthathegainedaparticularimpressionoftheworld—thatitwashorriblyinequitableinitstreatmentofthepoor.Itwasaworld,therefore,thathadtogo.GorkywasnaturallyattractedtothepoliticalmovementofMarxiansocialdemocracy.Heknewmanyrevolutionariesincludingthemostimportantoneofall,VladimirLenin(1870-1924).Thetwobecamefriendsin1903andTheSongoftheStormyPetrelwasoneofLenin'sfavoriteworksbyGorky.Asawriter,Gorkynaturallyvaluedliterature.Buthealsovaluedlifeexperience,ofwhichhehadplenty.Thekeytobeingamodernperson,hethought,wastoacquireacriticalattitude:“Keepreadingbooks,butrememberthatabook'sonlyabook,andyoushouldlearntothinkforyourself,”heoncesaid.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一位极具影响力的前苏联作家高尔基。文章介绍了他的人生经历和他对文学的影响。1.WhatcanwelearnaboutGorky'schildhood?A.Helivedanextraordinarylife.B.Hetriedfewjobs.C.Heledahardlife.D.Hegrewupbyhimself.\n解析:细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Hewasbornintoanordinarylifebutsoonbecameanorphan,beforebeingraisedbyhisgrandmotherinpoverty.(他出生在一个平凡的家庭,但很快就成了孤儿,由贫困的祖母抚养长大)”可知,高尔基的童年过着艰苦的生活。故选C。答案:C2.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinequitableinParagraph5referto?A.Unconditional. B.Unfair.C.Unreal.D.Unfriendly.解析:词义猜测题。根据下文“initstreatmentofthepoor.Itwasaworld,therefore,thathadtogo.”可知,Gorky认为这是一个必须消失的世界,因为这个世界对待穷人极其不公平。由此可知,画线词inequitable意为“不公平的”。unconditional无条件的;unfair不公平的;unreal不真实的;unfriendly不友好的。故选B。答案:B3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutGorky?A.Hevaluedcriticalthinking.B.Hewasoflittleinfluence.C.Hewaseasytobowbeforedifficulties.D.Hediscountedlifeexperience.解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Thekeytobeingamodernperson,hethought,wastoacquireacriticalattitude:‘Keepreadingbooks,butrememberthatabook'sonlyabook,andyoushouldlearntothinkforyourself,’heoncesaid.(他认为,要成为一个现代人,关键是要养成一种批判的态度:‘坚持读书,但要记住,一本书只是一本书,你应该学会独立思考,’他曾经说过)”可知,A选项“高尔基重视批判性思维”正确。故选A。答案:A4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Gorkyandhisfamily.B.ThehardshipGorkyexperienced.C.Gorky'sfamousworks.D.Gorky'sinfluenceinliteratureandhislife.解析:主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Gorkywasahighlyinfluentialauthor.Morethananyotherwriter,helaidthefoundationsforthefamousliterarystyleknownassocialistrealism.(高尔基是一位极具影响力的作家。与其他作家相比,他为著名的社会主义现实主义文学风格奠定了基础)”以及第四段“Hewasbornintoanordinarylifebutsoonbecameanorphan,beforebeingraisedbyhisgrandmotherinpoverty.Ashegrewolder,\nhewouldtakeajobandthenquicklymoveontoanother.Hetriedmanyjobs,buttheonethatheseemedtolovethemostwasbeingajournalist.(他出生在一个平凡的家庭,但很快就成了孤儿,由贫困的祖母抚养长大。随着年龄的增长,他找了一份工作,然后迅速跳槽。他尝试过很多工作,但他似乎最喜欢的是当记者)”可知,这篇文章的主要内容是高尔基对文学的影响和他的人生经历。故选D。答案:DBLegoshavebeenakindofpopulartoysforchildrenformorethan60years.Whenchildrengetolder,boxesofplasticLegobricksoftenendupunusedandstoredinoutofthewayplacesaroundthehomes.ParentssometimesendupthrowingtheLegosaway.Now,theLegoGrouptoycompanyistestingaprogramtomakesuretheunwantedbricksdonotgotowaste.TheprogramiscalledLegoReplay.Itaimstomakesuretheunwantedbuildingblockscontinuetomakechildrenhappy.TimBrooksistheLegocompany'svicepresidentofenvironmentalsustainability.Hesaid,“NearlyallLegobricksweseethatareouttherehavelotsmoreplayvalueinthem—multigenerationofplayvalue.It'sawasteofenergyandresourcestogrindthemup(碾碎)andmakenewbricks.”Brookssaidtheideacamefromparentswhodonotknowwhattodowiththeoldbricks.PlacingoldLegosinwastecontainersisnotagoodanswer.Birdsandotherwildlifemaytrytoeatwhatlookslikecolorfulfood—withdeadlyresults.WiththeLegoReplayprogram,parentsloadunwantedLegosofallshapesandcolorsintoboxes.Then,theygototheprogramwebsiteandprintoutamailinglabel.Theboxesaresenttoprocessingcenters,wherethebricksaresorted,cleanedandshippedtoaidgroupsanddonationcenters.TheLegoReplaytestprogramissettolastthroughMarch.Ifitissuccessful,theprogrammaybeexpandedtoincludeotherLegoproducts.TheLegoGroupisalsolookingatothermaterialstouseintheirtoys.Whileplastichasprovedtobethestrongestmaterial,Legohasbegunmakingsomebricksoutofsugarcane(甘蔗). [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了乐高公司正在研发一个项目,旨在确保不需要的积木继续使孩子开心。5.What'sthemainpurposeofLegoReplay?A.Toentertainthosechildrenwithouttoys.\nB.TomakeunwantedLegobricksreused.C.TopreventparentstothrowtheLegosaway.D.Toavoidusingunwantedbricksbystoringthem.解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Itaimstomakesuretheunwantedbuildingblockscontinuetomakechildrenhappy.(它旨在确保不需要的积木继续让孩子们快乐)”可知,这个计划旨在让不需要的积木再次被使用,让孩子们快乐。故选B项。答案:B6.WhereareunwantedLegobrickssortedandcleanedaccordingtoLegoReplay?A.Atprocessingcenters.B.Atdonationcenters.C.Ontheprogramwebsite.D.Intheowners'homes.解析:细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Theboxesaresenttoprocessingcenters,wherethebricksaresorted,cleanedandshippedtoaidgroupsanddonationcenters.(这些盒子被送到加工中心,在那里,积木被分类、清理,然后被运送到援助团体和捐赠中心)”可知,这些积木是在加工处理中心被分类和清洗的。故选A项。答案:A7.WhatdoesBrooksprobablyagreewith?A.Legobrickswastetoomanyresources.B.UnwantedLegobricksstillhavevalue.C.WeshouldstoreoldLegosinwastecontainers.D.Legobricksarefavoritefoodofsomebirds.解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“NearlyallLegobricksweseethatareouttherehavelotsmoreplayvalueinthem—multigenerationofplayvalue.It'sawasteofenergyandresourcestogrindthemupandmakenewbricks(几乎所有我们看到的乐高积木都有更多的游戏价值。把它们碾碎并制造新的积木是浪费能源和资源的)”可知,Brooks可能会同意“不需要的乐高积木还会有价值”这个观点。故选B项。答案:B8.WhatdoestheLegoGroupexploreaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.MoreotherLegoproducts.B.Properuseofplastics.C.Similarproductstosugarcane.D.Newmaterialsofproducingbricks.解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“TheLegoGroupisalsolookingatother\nmaterialstouseintheirtoys.(乐高集团也在寻找其他材料用于他们的玩具)”可知,乐高集团公司在寻找制造乐高玩具的新材料。故选D项。答案:DⅡ.语法填空ZhaoZong,a26yearoldmanfromCentralChina'sHenanProvince,recentlybecame1.ahitontheInternetforpushinghis97yearoldgrandmotherinawheelchairaroundduringatourofXi'an,ShaanxiProvince.Thebehaviorwaspretty2.admirable(admire)andreceivednumerousthumbsups(点赞)onChinesesocialmediaplatformWeibo.3.Departing(depart)forthedestinationonSept1,Zhaospentnearlyaweektakinghisgrandmothertothepopularsites,liketheTerracottaWarriors.Hedidn'twanthisgrandmothertobetired4.withthetrip,sotwoweeksbeforethejourneyheboughtafoldablewheelchairforher.Zhao5.was_raised(raise)inhisgrandparents'home.Whenhewas3,hisparentscouldn'ttakecareofhimfora6.variety(vary)ofreasons,andfromthenon,helivedwithhisgrandmother.“That's7.whyIhavedeepfeelingsforher.”Zhaoexplained.“It8.has_been(be)mydreamtotakemygrandmotheronatripsinceIwasincollege.NowIfeelsoexcitedthatmydream9.eventually(eventual)cametrue.”Aslongasconditionsallow,Zhaonextarranges10.to_tour(tour)Tsingtaowithhisgrandmothertoseethesea,andhopefullymoreplacesinChina.Ⅲ.短文改错DearPeter,Goodnewstravelsfast!IamgladtohearthatyouwereadmittedYaleUniversity.Pleaseacceptmysincerelycongratulationsonyoursuccess.IknewhowhardyouhavebeenworkingfortheseyearsbutIamveryproudofyouforyoursuccess.Iamsurethatitwasjustmypersistenceandhardworkwhichledtoyourcurrentsuccess.Justastheoldsayinggo,“Nopains,nogains”.Istronglybelievethatyouwillmakeagreaterprogressinyourfuturestudiesandworks.Attheendofmyletter,Igivemybestwishestoyou!AndIlookforwardtoseeyoubeforelong.Yours,Lily[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要表达了作者对朋友被耶鲁大学录取的祝贺。1.解析:考查介词。句意:听说你被耶鲁大学录取了,我很高兴。beadmittedto/into为固定用法,意为“被……录取”。故应在admitted后加上to/into。\n答案:第二句在admitted后加to/into2.解析:考查形容词。句意:请接受我对你成功的衷心祝贺。分析句子结构可知,congratulations为名词,应用形容词来修饰。故把sincerely改为sincere。答案:第三句sincerely→sincere3.解析:考查动词的时态。句意:我知道你这些年来一直很努力。分析文章可知,全文时态为一般现在时,故此处的时态应与全文时态保持一致,表示一般事实情况。故把knew改为know。答案:第四句knew→know4.解析:考查连词。句意:我知道你这些年来一直很努力,我为你的成功感到骄傲。分析句子结构可知,前后两句话为并列或因果关系,而不是转折关系。故把but改为and或so。答案:第四句but→and/so5.解析:考查人称代词。句意:我相信,正是你的坚持和努力,才导致了你现在的成功。分析文章可知,是作者的朋友被耶鲁大学录取,故应是她的坚持和努力。故把my改为your。答案:第五句my→your6.解析:考查强调句。句意见上题解析。分析句子结构可知,此处是一个强调句,强调“你的坚持和努力”,故应用that。故把which改为that。答案:第五句which→that7.解析:考查固定用法。句意:正如老话所说:“不劳无获”。astheoldsayinggoes为固定用法,意为“正如老话所说”。故把go改为goes。答案:第六句go→goes8.解析:考查冠词。句意:我坚信你今后的学习和工作会有更大的进步。progress为不可数名词,不能用a修饰。故去掉a。答案:第七句去掉a9.解析:考查名词的单复数。句意:我坚信你今后的学习和工作会有更大的进步。work当“工作”讲时为不可数名词,故没有复数形式。故把works改为work。答案:第七句works改为work10.解析:考查固定搭配。句意:我期待不久能见到你。lookforwardtodoing为固定用法。故把see改为seeing。答案:第九句see→seeingⅣ.书面表达假定你是李华,准备与新西兰的朋友Rosy去参观中国园林博物馆。现收到该馆暂时闭馆通知,请用英语写一封信告知她,内容包括:1.表示遗憾;2.推迟原因;\n3.新的安排。参考词汇:中国园林博物馆:theMuseumofChineseGardensandLandscapeArchitecture注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[参考范文]DearRosy,Howarethingsgoingwithyou?I'mprettysorrytosaythatthereisanewnotificationthattheMuseumofChineseGardensandLandscapeArchitecturewillcloseuntilfurthernotice.Itisapitythatwewon'tbeabletovisititasplanned.Thereasonforthemuseum'stemporaryclosingisthatitneedstobeupdated,whichmeanswewillhavetheopportunitytowitnessanewfaceofitinthenearfuture.Inspiteofthis,wecanstillmakesomeotherplans.Forexample,theSummerPalaceisagoodalternative,whichissuretoleaveanequallydeepimpressiononus.Whatdoyousuggestweshoulddotogether?I'mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua
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