全国通用2022高考英语二轮复习冲刺第19练阅读+语法填空+短文改错+书面表达

第19练　阅读＋语法填空＋短文改错＋书面表达Ⅰ.阅读理解A体裁：科普文　话题：科学世界　词数：360　时间：8′Severalyearsafteritwasintroducedtotheworld，theadvancedJapaneserobotAsimoisstillservingonlyasanexperimentation.Evenifavailableforthemarket，itwouldbetooexpensiveforordinaryfamilies.ItismucheasierandcheapertobuildarobotlikeJibo，whichusessimplemovementsandhastheabilitytointeractwithpeoplethroughsound，picturesandtouch.MassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyresearcherCynthiaBreazealcreatedJibofirstasatoolforexploringhowpeoplecommunicatewithtechnology.“Jiboasarobotissomethingthatcanmove，withcamerasthatcanmoveandseeyouandinteractwithyoulikealivingthing，sotospeak.Itcanbringsatisfactiontolifeoffthescreeninanentirelynewway，”explainedBrezeal.Jibocanremindyouaboutappointments，takephotos，entertainpeopleandtellstoriestochildren.Italsohastouch－sensitive(触感的)technology.“Peopleoftencommunicatethroughtouch，sotheymightpatJiboifitdoessomethingthattheylikeandJibocanactuallylearnfromthat，”saidBreazeal.DoctorsatAmicidiNicoAutismCenter，inLecce，Italy，useasmalltalkingrobottotreatautistic(孤独症)children.11－year－oldMarcohasshowngreatimprovementinfocusingandcommunicationsincehestartedplayingwiththerobotthatcarefullykeepstrackofthechild'sbehavior，saidengineerGiuseppePalestra.“Wewouldliketobeonestepaheadofstateoftheart，sothatwecanmakethehuman－robotinteractionbetter，”saidPalestra.Researcherssaytheywanttodeveloprobotsthatcanbeprogrammedforindividual\npatients，becauseeachchildreactsdifferentlytooutsideinformation.FrenchresearcherPierreLebeau'sfamilyrobotKeeckerwasdesignedasanentertainmentrobotthatcanfollowitsowneraround.“Icameupwiththeideaofacomputerwithaprojector(投影仪)insideandagreatsoundsystemandacamera，somethingthatcanmoveandgotoanyroomtogivemeakindofTV－likeexperience，butanywhereIwantwithoutthecables(电缆)，”saidLebeau.Researcherssayrobotsintendedforentertainmentmaysoonbeonthemarketwithpricesrangingfromabout$500to$5，000—stillexpensiveforordinarybuyers.Medicalrobotsarestillintheexperimentalperiodbuttheytoopointtowhatwecanexpectfromartificialintelligence(人工智能)inthenearfuture.【语篇解读】　民用机器人有望在不久的将来走入普通家庭。1．Asimohasn'tcomeonthemarketmainlybecauseit________．A．istooexpensiveB．lackstoomanyfunctionsC．needsimprovementD．isactuallynotasuccess答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第一段“...theadvancedJapaneserobotAsimoisstillservingonlyasanexperimentation.”可知，这个机器人仍处于实验阶段，由此可推知它还需要改进。]2．WhatdoyouknowaboutJibo?A．Itwascreatedforexperiments.B．Itisthefirstfamilyrobot.C．ItissoldonlywithinJapan.D．Itisequippedwithaprojector.答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第三段“...createdJibofirstasatoolforexploringhowpeoplecommunicatewithtechnology.”可知，机器人Jibo是为了实验而被制造出来的。]3．Accordingtoresearchers，medicalrobots________．A．havebeenputintousewidely\nB．shouldbemoreindividualC．stillcan'tinteractwithhumansD．shouldhavesomecharacterofart答案　B　[细节理解题。根据倒数第四段内容可知，研究者认为机器人应该被改进得更适合个体病人。]4．Whichrobotscouldpeopleprobablybuyonthemarketfirst?A．Robotsfortreatment.B．RobotsmadeinJapan.C．Robotsasawaitress.D．Robotsforentertainment.答案　D　[细节理解题。根据最后一段“Researcherssayrobotsintendedforentertainmentmaysoonbeonthemarket...”可知，最先投放市场的有可能是用于娱乐的机器人。]B体裁：记叙文　话题：黑猩猩与人类权利平等　词数：425　时间：7′Hehashisownradio.Hehaslotsoftoys.HeevenhasaTV.FromwhatPatrickLaverysaid，Tommyhasitprettygood.“We'vedevotedourlivestotakingcareofthesechimpswhichhavenoplacetogo，”LaverytoldtheAssociatedPress.Rightnow，TommyliveswiththeLaverysnearAlbany，NewYork.Butifsomeanimal－rightsactivistsgettheirway，hewillsoonbelivinginachimpshelterinFlorida.Andhewillbeconsideredaperson.“Tommyhastheautonomy(自主权)andself－determinationthatisenoughforhimtobealegalperson，”saidStevenWise，alawyerforagroupcalledtheNonhumanRightsProject.HealsosaidthatTommyshouldberemovedfromtheLaverys'home.HearguedthatTommy'srightswerebeinginfringed(侵犯)becausehelivedallaloneinacage.AndheaskedthatcourtmakeTommya“person，”forlegalpurposes，inordertofreethechimpfromhiscurrentlivingarrangement.ThecourtisnowdecidingwhethertodeclareTommyaperson.Atthehearing，someofthejusticeswereskeptical(怀疑的)—especiallywhenWisecomparedTommy'ssituationtoslavery.Hisargumentwasthatslaveswereonceconsideredwealth\ninsteadofpersons，justasTommyisnow.“Courtssometimesdon'tlikeustocomparethe‘thinghood’ofTommywiththe‘thinghood’ofhumanslavery，”Wisesaid.“Ihavetotellyou，Ikeephavingadifficulttimeinyourusingslaveryasananalogy(比喻)forthissituation，”saidPresidingJusticeKarenPeters.“Youmightwanttofindoutanotherargument.”ButLaverysaidthatheconsideredtheconceptofmakingTommyapersonabsurd.Tommyworksintheentertainmentindustrybeforeretiring，soheisnotusedtobeingaroundotherchimps.“Wewouldplacehimintheshelterifwehadtheopportunity，”Laverysaid.“Buthehasspecialneeds.Hecan'tgojustanywhere.Hehasneverbeenassociatedwithotherchimps.Andhecouldgethurtifhewentinthewrongatmosphere.”Wisedisagrees.“Tommydoesnotwanttobeimprisonedforhislifeinacage.He'sanextraordinarilycomplexbeing.Hecanunderstandthepast.Hecanlookforwardtothefuture.Andhesuffersinsolitaryconfinement(单独监禁)asmuchasahumanbeing.”【语篇解读】　Lavery和动物维权人士代表Wise就该不该给黑猩猩与人类同等的权利在法庭上进行辩论。5．TheargumentbetweenLaveryandWiseis________．A．whetherTommyshouldbeconsideredapersonwithrightsB．whetherTommyshouldberemovedfromtheLaverys'homeC．whetherpeopleshouldprotectTommyagainstbeingmisusedD．whetherpeopleshouldtakegoodcareofthosechimpsincages答案　A　[主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，Lavery家有一只黑猩猩，但动物给权人士将Lavery告上法庭，要求他马上将这只黑猩猩送往动物避难所，他们认为它和人类一样有同等的权利。二人就黑猩猩是否与人类有同等的权利展开了辩论。]6．Itisimpliedinthefourthparagraphthat________．A．WisewasnotgoodatorganizinghisspeechB．somejusticeswerenotinterestedinanimals'rightsC．TommylivedinsuchabadsituationasslavesoncedidD．Wise'sargumentwasunabletoconvincejustices\n答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第四段“Atthehearing，someofthejusticeswereskeptical—especiallywhenWisecomparedTommy'ssituationtoslavery...‘Youmightwanttofindoutanotherargument.’”可知，Wise将Tommy的情形比做成奴隶的情形，这让法庭上的法官表示怀疑，让他找到其他的证据。由此可推知，Wise所列的证据没能说服法庭上的法官。]7．Whyhasn'tLaveryplacedTommyinananimalshelter?A．BecauseTommyisingreatneedofspecialcare.B．BecauseLaveryhasn'tfoundapropersheltersofar.C．BecauseLaveryhasbeengettingwellalongwithTommy.D．BecauseTommymaynotgetusedtolivingwithotherchimps.答案　D　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Tommyworksintheentertainmentindustrybeforeretiring，soheisnotusedtobeingaroundotherchimps...Hehasneverbeenassociatedwithotherchimps.Andhecouldgethurtifhewentinthewrongatmosphere.”可知，Tommy以前没有跟其它黑猩猩一起生活过，所以将它放在动物避难所会让它无所适从。]8．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A．WisewonalotofsupportfromjusticestofightagainstLavery'sbehavior.B．TommyisconfinedbyLaveryinordernottobeharmedbyothers.C．WisethinksthatTommyhasthoughtslikehumanbeings.D．Wisedoesn'tthinkthatTommylikestolivewithLavery.答案　C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“Tommydoesnotwanttobeimprisonedforhislifeinacage.He'sanextraordinarilycomplexbeing.Hecanunderstandthepast.Hecanlookforwardtothefuture.”可知，Wise，认为Tommy不想被关在笼子里。它是非常复杂的生物。它不但了解过去，还可以展望未来。由此可推知，Wise认为Tommy有像人类一样的思维能力。]Ⅱ.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Thenewsthatwe'rerunningoutofchocolatecamefromtheworld'slargestconfectionaryproducer(糖果点心生产商)．Theysaidtheincreasingdemandhadhelpedchocolatepricesrisetwiceasmuch__9__eightyearsago.\nThesupplier，whichprovideschocolateforglobalgiants，haspredictedthatmorethan1.7milliontonswill__10__(sell)bytheendofthenextyear.__11__，therearelimitedquantitiesofthecocoa.__12__(affect)bydiseaseanddrought，theproductionofcocoa，mostofwhichcomesfromWestAfrica，hasdroppedtheseyears.Besides，somesurprisingeventshaveaneffectontheproduction，__13__(include)theEbolaoutbreak.So__14__theproducersareworriedaboutisthattheworldmaybeinaproductionshortfall(缺口)foraboutfivedecades.Thatmeansasproductionrises，so__15__(do)theprice.Butwearegettinghungrierforchocolatenomatterhowhighthepricewillbe，__16__(especial)indevelopingnations.Thatleavesproducerswithlittlechoicebut__17__(raise)pricesormakebars__18__(small)thaneverbeforeorpackthemwithfruitandnuts.答案　9.as　10.havebeensold　11.However　12.Havingbeenaffected　13.including　14.what　15.does16．especially　17.toraise　18.smallerⅢ.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Yesterday，fiftyAmericanstudentscametovisitourschool.Wegatherattheschoolgateat8o'clocktogivethemawarmlywelcome.Thenwehadaget－togetherinthereadingroom.Ourheadmasterintroducedourschooltothem.Andthenus，theyouthfromAmericaandChina，chattedandexchangedgiftsforeachother.Atninethirty，weshowedthemaboutourschool：ourclassroombuilding，thelabbuilding，andthefactoryrunningbyourschool.Thenitfollowedafriendlybasketballgame.Allofushadwonderfultime，butwepromisedtokeepintouchwitheachotherfromthenon.IwaspleasedwhatIwasbraveenoughtochatwiththeminEnglish.\n答案　Yesterday，fiftyAmericanstudentscametovisitourschool.Weattheschoolgateat8o'clocktogivethemawelcome.Thenwehadaget－togetherinthereadingroom.Ourheadmasterintroducedourschooltothem.Andthen，theyouthfromAmericaandChina，chattedandexchangedgiftseachother.Atninethirty，weshowedthemourschool：ourclassroombuilding，thelabbuilding，andthefactorybyourschool.Thenfollowedafriendlybasketballgame.Allofushadwonderfultime，wepromisedtokeepintouchwitheachotherfromthenon.IwaspleasedIwasbraveenoughtochatwiththeminEnglish.Ⅳ.书面表达请你(李华)根据下面要点给你的美国笔友Ben写一封信，向他介绍你的梦想——成为第二个姚明。要点：1.你16岁，身高1.82米，从小就喜欢打篮球；2．你是学校篮球队主力，校篮球队是你市著名的球队；3．你的梦想就是成为第二个姚明，为中国篮球争光。注意：1.词数100左右；2．开头和结尾已为你写好。DearBen，Iamverygladtohearfromyou.AndIamgoingtosharemydreamwithyou.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Goodlucktoyou!Yourssincerely，LiHua\n【参考范文】Dear__Ben，I__am__very__glad__to__hear__from__you.And__I__am__going__to__share__my__dream__with__you.AllmygoodfriendsknowthatmydreamistobecomeafamousbasketballplayerlikeYaoMing.WhenIwasalittleboy，Ilikedplayingbasketballverymuch.NowIamasixteen－year－oldboywhois1.82meterstall.Becauseofmyheight，Iamoneoftheleadingplayersofourschoolbasketballteam，whichisratherfamousinourcity.Inmymind，YaoMingisaperfectbasketballplayerwhomtheChinesepeopleareproudof.Althoughourtrainingisrathertough，Idon'tcareatall.BecauseIwanttomakemymotherlandproudasYaoMingdoes.Good__luck__to__you!Yours__sincerely，Li__Hua