统考版2023高考英语一轮复习课时提能练8必修2Unit3Computers含解析新人教版20230238268

课时提能练(八)必修2　Unit3　ComputersA：知识层面Ⅰ.语境语法填空A(考查派生词)Ourlifehaschangedalotsincethe1．appearance(appear)ofcomputers.Complicatedissueshavebeen2．simplified(simple).Forexample,financialservicesarebecomingmoreeasilyaccessible.3．Operators(operate)justuseakeyboardoramousetogettheirworkfinishedinashorttime.Now,4．intelligent(intelligence)computersarebeingmorewidelyused,eveninthe5．exploration(explore)andrecognitionoftheuniverse.6．Personally(personal),computerswillinfluenceallaspectsofourlifewithmore7．application(apply)softwaresbeingdeveloped.B(考查动词)Theforumismeant8．toexplore(explore)howmobilephonesinfluencepeople'swellbeing.Amobilephoneisnowusedformorethanjustcommunication.Itcanfunctionasa9．calculating(calculate)device.Someoneusesit10．tosignal(signal)totherobotinhis/herhometodohousework,suchas11．mopping(mop)theflooranddoingthelaundry.By12．downloading(download)andinstallingacertainapp,peoplecanvideochatwitheachother.Withnewapps13．arising(arise),mobileswillhavemorefunctions.However,negativeeffectsmobilephoneshaveonpeople'shealthisobvious.Theproblemmust14．besolved(solve)ifwewanttostayfit.C(考查句型)Withthesun15．rising(rise),Iwasexpectinganewstart.Afteraquickbreakfast,Iwenttomyoffice16．feeling(feel)energeticandquicklydevotedmyattentiontomywork.SomuchworkdidIhavetodo17．thatIhadnotimetotakearest.However,18．asthedaywenton,theweatherwasgettingworse.Itdidn'ttakelong19．beforeaheavyraincame.Istoppedmyworkandwashurryingbackhome.Unfortunately,Ifelloffmybicycle.Aswellas20．breaking(break)oneofmylegs,Ihurtbothofmyarms.Ⅱ.语境短文改错(短文中有5处错误)Tomwasgoingtogettogetherwithhisfamilyatweekends.Buthecaughtinatrafficjamonthewaytotheairport.Atthetimehegotthere,theflighthadtakenoff.Thatwouldtake24hoursbeforeanotherflightleft.Fillingwithregrets,heshookhisheadbutdecidedtowait.Hebookedahotelroomnearbyusedhismobile\nphone.Hewasjustprayingthateverythingwouldworkoutwellthenextday.【答案】　Tomwasgoingtogettogetherwithhisfamilyatweekends.Buthecaughtinatrafficjamonthewaytotheairport.thetimehegotthere,theflighthadtakenoff.wouldtake24hoursbeforeanotherflightleft.withregrets,heshookhisheadbutdecidedtowait.Hebookedahotelroomnearbyhismobilephone.Hewasjustprayingthateverythingwouldworkoutwellthenextday.Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子1．可以先把这个文件移到一个目录中存放一个月左右，然后再删除掉。Thefilecanbemovedtoadirectorywhereitiskeptforamonthorsobeforeitisdeleted．2．迈克尔今天对我们十分冷淡。不知我们是否冒犯了他。Michaelseemsverycooltowardsustoday.Iwonderwhetherwe'veoffendedhim.3．随着时间的推移，脑力劳动和体力劳动更加难以区分。Astimegoesby，itwillbecomeincreasinglyhardtodistinguishmentalandmanuallabour.4．关键是你得找到顺手的工具，这样你才能快速、简洁并高效地工作。Thekeyistofindthetoolthatismostcomfortableforyou，soyoucanworkquicklyconcisely，andatahighlevel.5．他专注于看手机，结果忽视了周围的一切。Hewassoabsorbedinhisphonethatheignoredeverythingaround.B：能力层面Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·安徽省部分重点学校联考)RememberVitaminwater's“freeofrollingscreensforayear”challengethatpeopletobefreefromsmartphonesforawholeyearwillwin$100，000?Well，ElanaMugdan，aNewYorkwoman，hasbeenintoitforeightmonths，andjustfourmonthsawayfromclaimingthegrandprize.VitaminwatermadenewsheadlineslastDecemberwhenitannounceditsuniquechallenge.Thousandsofpeopleappliedtobechosenastheperfectcandidatetospendayearwithouttouchingtheirsmartphones，butintheend，theonlypersonwhogot\ntotryandsurvivedforanentireyearwithoutahandheldsmartphonewasElanaMugdan，a29yearoldfictionwriterfromQueens，NewYork.Eightmonthsintothechallenge，sheclaimsithasbeenafreeandeyeopeningexperiencethatshowsherjusthowdependentshebecomesonhersmartphone.Eventhoughtherearetimeswhenshemissesherhandheldsmartphone，sheplanstogoonlivingwithoutitevenafterthechallengeends，becauseshereallydoesn'twanttogobacktodayswhensheoverusedit，wastedtime，stayedupallhoursofthenightonit，andwasobsessedwithsocialmedia.Butnothavingaccesstohersmartphonereallymadecertainsituationsalotharderthanshecouldhaveimaginedthembefore.“Manypeopledidmeafavor.However，once，Ialmostgetstranded(被滞留的)intheSeaTacAirportbecausethephonenumberI'dwrittendownwaswrong，andIhadnowayofreferringtotherightone，nowayofcallingacab，andnooneinthestatewhocouldhelpme，”theyoungwritersaid.Anothertime，hercar's“checkengine”lightturnedonwhileshewasdrivinginanunfamiliarareaatnight.Shecouldn'tuseherphone'sGPS，orevencheckwhatthelightmeantonlineorfindanearbycarrepairshop.Butshelearnedtoovercomethesesituations.Andnowsheclaimsthelasteightmonthsofphonefreelifehavebeenoneofthebestadventuresofherlifeandthatshe'llkeepitforanotherfourmonths.【语篇解读】　文章讲述了ElanaMugdan在参加Vitaminwater发起的一年不用手机的挑战过程中，所遇到的困难及其感受。1．What'sthechallenge“freeofrollingscreensforayear”？A．Peoplefreefromsmartphonescanlivearicherlife.B．Peoplelivingatelephonefreelifecanbeawardedmoneyeveryyear.C．Peoplelivingwithoutcomputersforayearwillwinagrandprize.D．Peoplespendingayearfreefromsmartphoneswillgetareward.D　[细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“challengethatpeopletobefreefromsmartphonesforawholeyearwillwin$100，000”可知，这个挑战要求参加者一年内不使用手机，参加者完成挑战后可以获得奖金。故选D。]2．Whichphrasecanreplacetheunderlinedpart“obsessedwith”inParagraph2?A．satisfiedwithB．accustomedtoC．addictedto　　　　　D．popularwithC　[词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词所在句中的“shereallydoesn'twanttogoback\ntodayswhensheoverusedit，wastedtime，stayedupallhoursofthenightonit”可知，ElanaMugdan曾经过度使用手机，浪费了时间，并且还熬夜玩手机。此处与上文内容相衔接，由此可以推测出，此处表示她当时对社交媒体非常迷恋，即上瘾。故选C。]3．WhatdoesElanaMugdanmainlywanttoexpressinParagraph3?A．It'sfantastictohavesomeonetohelpheralltheway.B．It'sunimaginabletoloseherphonenumberontheway.C．It'sunnecessarytorefertoinformationwithasmartphone.D．It'sdifficulttogetoutofthetroublewithoutasmartphone.D　[推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Butnothavingaccesstohersmartphonereallymadecertainsituationsalotharderthanshecouldhaveimaginedthembefore”以及本段所列举的事例可知，ElanaMugdan在第三段想告诉我们，没有手机很难摆脱困境。故选D。]4．WhatcanwelearnaboutElanaMugdan?A．Shecouldn'tlivewithoutasmartphone.B．Shefindsnoonecanhelpherintheadventure.C．Shehasnotwonthegrand$100，000prizeyet.D．Sheusedtousehersmartphonetowritefiction.C　[细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的“she'llkeepitforanotherfourmonths”可知，ElanaMugdan还要继续四个月的挑战，由此可知她还没有获得奖金。故选C。]B(2020·东北三校第一次联合模拟)Clothingrentalisahotnewindustryandretailers(零售商)aredemandingtogetonboardinthehopeofattractinggreenshoppers.Butisrentingfashionactuallymoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanbuyingit，andifso，howmuchmore?JournalistandauthorElizabethClineinvestigatedthisquestionandconcludedthatit'snotassustainableasitseems.Takeshipping，forexample，whichhastogotwowaysifanitemisrented—receivingandreturning.Clinewritesthatconsumertransportationhasthesecondlargestcarbonfootprintofourcollectivefashionhabitaftermanufacturing.Shewrites，“Anitemorderedonlineandthenreturnedcanrelease20kilogramsofcarboneachway，andincreasesupto50kilogramsforrushshipping.Bycomparison，thecarbonimpactofapairofjeanspurchasedfromaphysicalstoreandwashedandwornathomeis33.4kilograms，accordingtoa2015studybyLevi's.”\nThenthere'stheburdenofwashing，whichhastohappenforeveryitemwhenit'sreturned，regardlessofwhetherornotitwasworn.Formostrentalservices，thisusuallymeansdrycleaning，ahighimpactandpollutingprocess.AlltherentalservicesthatClinelookedintohavereplacedperchloroethylene(全氯乙烯)，acarcinogenic(致癌的)airpollutant，stillusedby70percentofUSdrycleaners，withalternatives，althoughthesearen'tgreateither.Lastly，Clinefearsthatrentalserviceswillincreaseourappetiteforfastfashion，simplybecauseit'ssoeasilyaccessible.There'ssomethingcalled“sharewashing”thatmakespeoplewastemorepreciselybecauseaproductorserviceissharedandthusisregardedasmoreecofriendly.Uberisoneexampleofthis，advertisedas“awaytoshareridesandlimitcarownership”，andyet“ithasbeenproventodiscouragewalking，bicycling，andpublictransportationuse”．Rentingclothesisstillpreferabletobuyingthemcheapandthrowingtheminthedustbinafterwearingfewtimes，butweshouldn'tlettheavailabilityoftheseservicesmakeustoosatisfied.There'sanevenbetterstep—that'swearingwhatisalreadyinthecloset.【语篇解读】　服装租赁是新兴的热门行业，零售商希望以此吸引环保消费者。可是，该行业并不像它看起来的那样绿色环保。它包含的运输环节要比在实体店里买一件衣服然后在家里洗和穿释放的碳多；清洗环节也会污染环境；而且它可能会使我们更追求快时尚从而浪费得更多。最环保的做法是穿衣橱里本来就有的衣服。5．WhatisElizabethCline'sattitudetowardclothingrental?A．Approving.　　　　B．Unfavorable.C．Objective.　　　　D．Enthusiastic.B　[推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，Cline得出的结论是，这个行业并不像它看起来的那样环保；并结合第三至第六段表述的Cline得出这种结论的原因可推知，Cline并不支持服装租赁，B项意为“不赞成的，否定的，不喜欢的”，故B项正确。C项意为“客观的”，与文意不符。]6．TheUberexampleinParagraph6indicatesthat________．A．rentalservicesareontheriseB．clothingrentalwillbeassuccessfulasUberC．rentingclothesmightwastemorethanexpectedD．rentingclothesmightmakepeopleloseinterestinfastfashionC　[推理判断题。根据第六段第二句可知，因为一种产品或服务是共享的，因此就被认为更环保，但这却使人们浪费得更多。接着下文列举了Uber的例子——它被宣传为一种共享\n出行并限制汽车拥有权的方式，但是最终证明它阻碍了步行、骑自行车和公共交通的使用，由此可推知，举Uber这个例子表明了服装租赁造成的浪费可能比我们想象的多，故C项正确。]7．Theauthorsuggeststhatweshould________．A．giveuprentingclothesB．purchaseinexpensiveclothesC．rentclothesratherthanbuythemD．makefulluseofclotheswe'vepossessedD　[细节理解题。根据尾段尾句“There'sanevenbetterstep—that'swearingwhatisalreadyinthecloset”可知，作者认为更绿色环保的方法是穿衣橱里已经有的衣服，故D项正确。]8．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Clothingrentalisanewfashion.B．Clothingrentalisretailers'preference.C．Rentingclothesisnotthatecofriendly.D．Rentingclothesbusinessisinadilemma.C　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文第一段引入话题；第二段提出论点——服装租赁业其实并非像它看起来的那样绿色环保；接着第三至第六段给出了论据来支持这一论点；最后一段作者进行总结并给出建议。由此可知，C项符合文意。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·广州市高三年级阶段训练)Throughoutmylife，Iwasneververyathletic.Iwasn'treallyinto1orsports.Theonly2Ienjoyedwere3thingslikewatchingTVandplayingcomputergames.ItwasduringmyjunioryearinhighschoolthatIrealizedIneededa4．Myfriendswerejoiningthelongdistancerunningcluband5metodoittoo.Atmyschool，therewerenoqualification6；everystudentwasaccepted.Aseveryonegatheredtogetheronthefirstdayofpractice，the7announcedthatitwastimefora“warmup”．Iimaginedthewarmupwouldbea8jogaroundthe400metretrack.Isoon9itwasa1kmrun.Aftercompletingtherun，Iwas10！Iwondered，“Ifthat'sawarmup，what'snext？”The11workoutforthedaywasa5kmrun，whichImostlywalked.WhenIcamehome，Ireallyconsidered12．However，I13myselftokeepatitandtryharder.Ofcourse，therewasnorealimprovement14．Ialwayscamelastduringpracticeandthefirstfew15.Asdaysandweekswenton，Ireallytriedmybest.During\npractice，Iwouldalwayskeepatthe16ofthegroup；thefastest，more17runnerswerealwaysahead，whilethelaziestwerebehind.Asaresultofmy18，thewarmupbecamearealwarmup.The5kmrunswastransformedintoan19workout.AndIwasnolongerthelastinanythingwedid.Foraformercouchpotato，likeme，thiswasa(n)20．【语篇解读】　在“我”的生活中，“我”从来都不是很擅长运动，“我”喜欢做无意义的事；但在高三时，“我”意识到“我”需要做出改变；“我”的朋友邀请“我”参加五千米长跑俱乐部，在俱乐部第一次训练后，“我”想过放弃，但“我”说服了自己继续训练并最终成功地坚持了下来。1．A.rulesB．artC．competitions　　　D．schoolworkC　[根据上文中的“Iwasneververyathletic”可知，“我”对竞赛或运动不是很感兴趣。故选C。]2．A.proceduresB．activities　　C．lessons　　D．programsB　[根据第一句中的“Iwasneververyathletic”及该句中的“watchingTVandplayingcomputergames”可知，“我”仅仅喜欢的活动都是无意义的(pointless)，比如看电视和玩电脑游戏。故选B。]3．A.endless　　B．pointless　　C．important　D．challengingB　[参见上题解析。A项意为“无止境的”，C项意为“重要的”，D项意为“挑战性的”，均与语境不符。]4．A.change　　B．rest　　　　C．team　　　D．resultA　[根据下文中的“joiningthelongdistancerunningclub”以及“todoittoo”并结合语境可知，“我”在高三的时候，意识到自己需要做出改变。故选A。]5．A.accompanied　　　　　B．assistedC．requiredD．invitedD　[根据该句中的“Myfriendswerejoiningthelongdistancerunningclub”和“todoittoo”可推知，“我”的朋友邀请“我”也参加。]6．A.trialsB．alternativesC．opportunities　　　　　　D．reasonsA　[根据空后的“everystudentwasaccepted”可知，在我们学校，没有资格选拔赛(trials)。]\n7．A.competitorB．coach　　　　C．reporter　D．refereeB　[根据该句中的“thefirstdayofpractice”并结合常识可知，此处应是俱乐部的教练在指导学生进行长跑前的热身练习。故选B。]8．A.hard　B．boring　　　　C．practicalD．casualD　[根据该句中的“thewarmup”以及语境可知，当教练宣布要进行热身练习时，“我”以为是绕着400米的跑道随便慢跑而已。故选D。]9．A.decided　B．suspected　C．realizedD．agreedC　[根据上题的解析及该句中的“itwasa1kmrun”可知，“我”很快意识到热身练习是一千米的长跑。故选C。suspect意为“觉得”，不符合语境。]10．A.sentoffB．takenawayC．turneddown　　　　　D．wornoutD　[根据下文中的“Ifthat'sawarmup，what'snext？”可知，“我”跑完一千米之后，已经精疲力竭了。D项意为“精疲力竭，疲惫不堪”，故选D。sendsb.off意为“罚某人下场”；takesb.away意为“带走某人”。]11．A.real　　　B．best　　　　　C．expected　D．funA　[根据上文中的“Ifthat'sawarmup，what'snext？”并结合语境可知，那一天真正的训练是五千米长跑。故选A。]12．A.complainingB．quitting　C．crying　　D．refreshingB　[根据上文的内容可知，当回到家的时候，“我”真的考虑过退出长跑俱乐部。故选B。]13．A.convincedB．taught　　C．sent　　　D．helpedA　[根据该句中的“keepatitandtryharder”可知，“我”说服了自己要坚持，并且将更加努力。convince意为“说服”，故选A。]14．A.actuallyB．gradually　C．separatelyD．instantlyD　[根据空后的“Ialwayscamelastduringpractice”可知，真正的进步不是马上就有的，故选D。A项意为“实际上”；B项意为“逐渐地”；C项意为“分别地”；D项意为“立即，马上”。]\n15．A.performancesB．presentationsC．racesD．stepsC　[根据文章内容可知，“我”加入的是长跑俱乐部，因此这里表示的是“我”在训练中以及最初的一些跑步比赛中，总是最后一名，故选C。]16．A.middleB．top　　　　　　C．front　　D．bottomA　[根据该句中的“thefastest，more________runnerswerealwaysahead，whilethelaziestwerebehind”可知，在训练中，“我”总是处于小组的中间位置，那些跑得最快、更加认真的(serious)学生总是在“我”的前面，而那些最懒惰的则在“我”后面。故选A。]17．A.popularB．confident　　　C．seriousD．relaxedC　[参见上题解析。]18．A.inspirationB．determinationC．loyaltyD．contributionB　[根据第13及16小题的解析和语境可知，“我”没有退出长跑俱乐部，而是说服自己要坚持，并且在尽自己的最大努力之后，“我”也在慢慢进步，并且由于“我”的决心，进行五千米长跑前的热身练习成了真正的热身练习，而且每天的五千米跑也变成一次容易的训练。故选B。A项意为“灵感”；B项意为“决心”；C项意为“忠诚”；D项意为“贡献”。]19．A.unimaginable　　　　　　B．avoidableC．easy　　　D．optionalC　[参见上题解析。unimaginable“难以置信的”；avoidable“可以避免的”。]20．A.exceptionB．example　　　　C．promotionD．successD　[根据前一句中的“Iwasnolongerthelastinanythingwedid”以及上文的内容可知，“我”之前是不爱运动的，但自加入长跑俱乐部以来，经过“我”的努力，“我”在任何跑步活动中都不是最后一名了，这对“我”来说，就是一件成功的事情。故选D。A项意为“例外”；B项意为“例子”；C项意为“提升”；D项意为“成功的事”。]