统考版2023高考英语一轮复习课时提能练9必修2Unit4Wildlifeprotection含解析新人教版20230238269

课时提能练(九)必修2　Unit4　WildlifeprotectionA：知识层面Ⅰ.语境语法填空A(考查派生词)Insome1．distant(distance)areas,therearestill2．merciless(mercy)killingsofrareanimals.Forestsandgrasslandsaredisappearing，whichisalso3．harmful(harm)tothesurvivalofwildlife.Nowitisofgreat4．importance(important)toproviderescueand5．protection(protect)forwildanimals,especiallyforthoseindangerofdyingout.Thegovernmentshouldmakeaquick6．response(respond)tomassivedestructionoftheirnaturalhabitat.Thosewhokillwildanimalsmustbeseverelypunishedandthosewhohaveahigh7．affection(affect)forthemmustbewellrewarded.B(考查动词)Populationgrowth8．isdecreasing(decrease)yearonyear,leadingtoahigherproportionofolderpeople.InGermany,forexample,1009．employed(employ)personsnowsupportabout40elderly,deeply10．affecting(affect)itslabour,financialandhousingmarkets.How11．tocontain(contain)populationdeclineisaproblemmanygovernmentshavetoface.China12．hasresponded(respond)totheissuequicklybyallowingonecoupletohavetwochildren.Whetherthispolicywillinfluencetheconcernedmarketsisworth13．inspecting(inspect)closely.Sofar,thismeasure14．hasbeenappreciated(appreciate)bymanydevelopedcountries.C(考查句型)Mostofthedetailsoftheprojectwerearranged15．asthedirectorhadsuggested.Buttherewerestillsomeproblems16．remaining(remain)tobesolved.Mycolleaguescameupwithdifferentapproaches,17．which,actually,werenotverypractical.Later,ayoungengineerthoughtofanotherway18．inwhichtheproblemscouldbeproperlyhandled.Weallthoughthighlyofit.Certainlyanyideahadtobetestedbefore19．being(be)fullyaccepted.Itwouldbeawisechoicetowaitawhilebeforeitbecameperfect.Ⅱ.语境短文改错(短文中有5处错误)IhavebeenlongedforavisittoTibetforalongtime.Itisreportedthattheantelopes,amildanimal,isbecomingextinctinTibet.Onlyafewantelopeshavesurvivedafterwerehuntedandkilledforyears.Buttheyarestillleftexposing\ntochancesofbeingstarvedorfrozentodeath.Ihavedecidedtodosomethingforthem.SoIwouldappreciateverymuchifyoucouldgivemeachancetobethere.【答案】　IhavebeenforavisittoTibetforalongtime.Itisreportedthatthe，amildanimal,isbecomingextinctinTibet.Onlyafewantelopeshavesurvivedafterhuntedandkilledforyears.Buttheyarestilllefttochancesofbeingstarvedorfrozentodeath.Ihavedecidedtodosomethingforthem.SoIwouldappreciateverymuchifyoucouldgivemeachancetobethere.Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子1．俗话说：在家靠父母，出门靠朋友。这话不错。Asthesayinggoes，amandependsuponhisparentsathomeanduponhisfriendsawayfromhome.It'sreallytrue.2．必须采取措施保护稀有鸟类，使其免遭伤害。Somethingmustbedonetoprotecttherarebirdsfrombeingendangered.3．据说这样的风俗很早以前就存在了。Itissaidthatsuchacustomcameintobeinglongago.4．我们已经没有时间来仔细考虑它了。Therehasbeennotimeleftforustothinkitover.5．随着期末考试的临近，你父母可能不会允许你花费太多时间上网。Withthefinalexamdrawingnear，yourparentswillnotprobablyallowyoutospendtoomuchtimeontheInternet.B：能力层面Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·合肥市第二次教学质量检测)AnewstudyrecentlyfoundthatelephantsinCentralAfricanforestscanencouragethegrowthofslowgrowingtreesandincreasetheabilityoftheforesttostorecarbon.“Asatree，there'satradeoff—youcan'thaveitall，”explainedFabioBerzaghi，wholedthestudy.“Youeitherinvestenergyingrowingfast，orinbuildingalotofstructurewithcarbontobemoreresistant.”Elephantsprefertoeatfastgrowingtreesinmoreopenspaces.Astheyfeedandwalk，theycausedamageto\nthesespecies，knockingovertreesorbreakingoffbranches，whichresultsinanecosystemthatfavorslarge，slowgrowinghardwoodtrees.“Astheelephantsthintheforest，theyincreasethenumberofslowgrowingtreesandtheforestiscapableofstoringmorecarbon，”saidStephenBlake，oneofthepaper'sauthors.ScientistscollectedfieldmeasurementsintheCongoBasinandusedacomputermodeltopredicthowelephantswouldaffectforeststructure，andcarbonstoragepotentialinthelongterm.Thedataconfirmedthatwhenelephantsarepresent，theforestcontainslargertreesandhigherabundanceofspecieswithhighwooddensity.Conversely(相反地)，shouldforestelephantsgoextinct，leavingthoseslowgrowingtreesstrugglingtocompetewithfastgrowingspecies，itwouldresultina7percentlossofabovegroundbiomass(生物量)．Asaresult，CentralAfricanforestscouldloseuptothreebilliontonsofcarbon，potentiallyacceleratingclimatechange.Thesadrealityisthathumansaredoingtheirbesttoridtheenvironmentofelephants.“Thisstudycomesatatimewhenforestelephantsarethreatenedasneverbefore，”saidIainDouglasHamilton，founderofSavetheElephants.“ItisshockingthatjustaswearebeginningtounderstandhowelephantsmighthaveakeyroleinAfricainstoringcarbon，theyareunderrealthreatofextinction.”Onelimitationofthestudy，Mr.Berzaghisaid，isthatwedonotknowhowmuchcarbonhasalreadybeenlostbecauseoftheelephants'decline.Butitdoesseemcertain，headded，thatputtingastoptoillegalhuntingandrestoringforestelephantpopulationswouldbringclimatebenefits.【语篇解读】　最近一项新的研究发现，在中非森林中活动的大象能促进生长缓慢的树木的生长，并能提高森林贮存碳的能力。人类非法猎杀大象不仅会使大象面临灭绝的威胁，而且会对气候造成不良影响。1．WhatcanweinferaboutslowgrowingtreesinParagraph2?A．Theyareelephants'favoritefood.B．Theyareeasilyhurtbyelephants.C．Theycanhelpforestsstorecarbon.D．Theymayreduceelephantpopulations.C　[推理判断题。根据第二段尾句中StephenBlake所说的话“Astheelephantsthintheforest，theyincreasethenumberofslowgrowingtreesandtheforestiscapableofstoringmorecarbon”可知，大象的活动增加了生长缓慢的树木的数量，这使森林能贮存更多的碳。据此可以推知，生长缓慢的树木有利于森林贮存碳，故C项正确。]\n2．WhatwouldhappenwithoutelephantslivinginCentralAfricanforests?A．Climatechangewouldpossiblybespedup.B．Theforeststructurewouldremainunchanged.C．Theforestswouldlosemorefastgrowingtrees.D．Largertreeswoulddefeatfastgrowingspecies.A　[推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“Conversely(相反地)，shouldforestelephants...potentiallyacceleratingclimatechange”可知，如果森林中的大象灭绝，那些生长缓慢的树木将努力地与生长迅速的物种竞争，这将导致地面生物量减少7%。其结果是，中非森林将失去高达30亿吨的碳，这有可能加速气候变化。据此可以推知，如果中非森林中没有大象，则该地区的气候可能会加速变化，故A项正确。]3．WhatdidMr.Berzaghisuggestpeopledo?A．Leadalowcarbonlife.B．Evaluatethecarbonloss.C．Stopdestroyingforests.D．Protectforestelephants.D　[细节理解题。根据本文尾句“Butitdoesseemcertain...wouldbringclimatebenefits”可知，Berzaghi先生认为，停止非法捕杀并恢复森林中大象的数量，会给气候带来好处。据此可知，Berzaghi先生提议保护森林中的大象，故D项正确。]4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．HumansandNatureLiveinHarmonyB．ElephantsDisappearinPartsofAfricaC．ClimateChangeAffectsForestStructureD．ElephantsDefendAgainstClimateChangeD　[标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文第一句和最后一句概括了全文的主旨，又结合文中的其他内容可知，本文通过分析中非森林中大象的活动对气候变化的影响，说明了保护森林中的大象对气候有好处，故D项最适合作本文标题。]B(2020·贵州省普通高等学校招生适应性测试)There'soneeasythingyoucandoeverydaytolivelongerandhappier，accordingtoarecentstudy，andithasnothingtodowithdiet，exercise，orcuttingoutbadhabits.Areviewofnearly150studieswithmorethan300，000participantsfoundthathavingactivesocialcirclesdecreasesyourchancesofdyingby50percent，regardlessofage，genderormedicalhistory.“Whenwe'resocial，welivelonger，”Dr.KelliHardingnoted.“Lonelinessismoreofariskfactortohealththanotherknownrisk\nfactors，likehighbloodpressureandobesity.”ThefindingsarewrittenupinDr.Harding'snewbook,TheRabbitEffect，whichisabouthowkindness，ratherthanlaughter，maybethebestmedicine.Thebookgetsitstitlefromafamous1978studyoftherelationshipbetweencholesterol(胆固醇)andhearthealthinrabbits.Researchersaccidentallydiscoveredthatthoserabbitsthatreceivedthemostaffectionfromtheirhumanhandlerslivedmuchlongerthantheothers.Weliveinaworldwheremostofoursocialinteractionshappenthroughourphones.Buttogetthehealthbenefitsofamoreactivesocialcircle，youdon'thavetothrowawayyourdeviceandjoinabookclub.Morecasualinteractionswithneighbors，shopowners，andothersyoumeeteverydaycandothetrick．Increasingly，thoserelationshipscanstartonline.That'swhereNextdoorcomesin.Thestatedpurposeofthecompanyis“tocultivateakinderworldwhereeveryonehasaneighborhoodtheycandependon”．Whenaskedforadviceononethingyoucandotolivelongerandhappier，Dr.Hardingsaiditperfectly，“Bekind.It'sactuallyprettyamazinghowmucheachpersoncanmaketheworldabetter，kinder，healthierplace.Itreallytakesverylittleandyouneverknowtheimpactyouhaveonsomebody.”【语篇解读】　研究发现，孤独比高血压、肥胖等对人的健康危害大，而积极的社交活动能延长人的寿命。本文还介绍了成为友善的人能让人活得更久、更快乐。5．WhatdoweknowaboutTheRabbitEffect?A．Itstitlecomesfromastudy.B．It'sareportabouthearthealth.C．Laughtercouldcurediseases.D．Rabbitscouldhelplivelonger.A　[细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Thebookgetsitstitlefromafamous1978studyoftherelationshipbetweencholesterol(胆固醇)andhearthealthinrabbits”可知，《兔子效应》这本书的书名来自1978年所做的一项兔子中胆固醇和心脏健康的关系的研究，故A项正确。]6．What'sthepurposeofNextdoor?A．Toadvocateonlineshoppingtosavetime.B．Tooffertheneighborhoodsportsfacilities.C．Tosettletheargumentsamongthefamilies.D．Tocreateaharmoniouscommunitytorelyon.\nD　[细节理解题。根据第四段尾句“Thestatedpurposeofthecompanyis‘tocultivateakinderworldwhereeveryonehasaneighborhoodtheycandependon’”可知，Nextdoor的目的是建立一个更友善的世界，在那里每个人都有一个可以依靠的社区，故D项正确。]7．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“dothetrick”inParagraph4mean?A．Improvehealthandwellness.B．Setuponlinerelationships.C．Buildahappyandwarmfamily.D．Keepawayfrombadhabits.A　[词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句可知，为了从一个比较积极的社交圈中得到健康好处，你不用扔掉你的设备，加入一个书友会；结合第三句“Morecasualinteractionswithneighbors，shopowners，andothersyoumeeteverydaycandothetrick”可知，和邻居、商店店主以及你每天遇到的人较随意的互动可以改善健康。故A项正确。]8．WhatcanbeinferredfromDr.Harding'swordsinthelastparagraph?A．Wecanlookforakindneighborhood.B．Weshouldbekindtoanimalsinthewild.C．Everysmallactofkindnesscanmakeadifference.D．Allkindsofsocialactivitiescanmakeabetterworld.C　[推理判断题。根据尾段Dr.Harding所说的话“Bekind.It'sactuallyprettyamazing...youneverknowtheimpactyouhaveonsomebody”可知，Dr.Harding告诫人们要善良，他认为每个人小小的付出都能让世界变得更美好、更友善、更健康；你永远不知道你对某个人的影响。据此可以推知，每一个小的善举都会有作用，故C项正确。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2020·深圳市普通高中第二次测试)Youknowthateatinghealthily，stayingactive，andplayingafewbraingamescanhelpyouhaveagoodmemory.Butthefollowinglesserknownhabitsworkwonderstoo.1．1Whenwesitwithourshouldersbentforward，thispositionactuallycausesustofeelanxiousordepressed—whichmakesithardertothinkclearlyandrememberthings.Conversely(反过来)，anuprightpostureapparentlyimprovesthememorybecauseitbooststhebloodandoxygenflowtothebrain.2．Exercise—OnceHavingtroublerememberingfaces?2Inastudy，picturesoffaceswereshowntoolderfolksaftertheypedalastationary(固定的)bikeatanintensepaceorsimply\nsitonaselfpedalingbike.Onaverage，peoplerememberedthefacesbetteraftertheintenseexercise.What'smore，thememorygainsafterasingleworkoutweresimilartothegainsafterthreemonthsofregularexercise.3．LimitTVTimeEveryparentandeverygrandparenthasheardthattoomuchscreentimecanhurtachild'scognitivedevelopment.3Accordingtoastudy，people(aged50orolder)whowatchedTVformorethan3.5hoursadayfor6yearsexperiencedagreaterdropinverbalmemorytestscoresthanthosewhowatchedless.4．DrawAimlesslyResearchshowedthosewhodrewthewordsrememberedthemostwhenrecallingwords.That'sbecausewhilesomepartsofthebrainaboutgettingmemorybackbecomeworseaspeoplegrowolder，thepictureprocessingregionsusuallydon't.45．WalkBackward5Walkback!Backwardmotion—whetherreal，imagined，orwatched—helpspeopleremembertheinformationbetterthansittingstilland，inmostcases，betterthanforwardmotion.Itmaybethatmovingbackwardinspacementallyhelpsusmovebackintimetothemomentwhenwelearnedsomething.A．SitStraight.B．StandStraight.C．Startmoreworkouts.D．Sweatforphysicaltraining.E．Thussketchingcanhelpadultshaveagoodmemory.F．Butwhataboutthoseattheotherendoftheirlifespans?G．Nexttimeyou'retryingtorecallsomething，don'tjustthinkback.【语篇解读】　文章介绍了五种使你有一个好的记忆力的方法，包括进行一次剧烈运动、限制看电视的时间等。1．A　[分析文章结构可知，空处为该部分的小标题，根据本部分中的“Whenwesitwithourshouldersbentforward，thispositionactuallycausesustofeelanxiousordepressed”以及“anuprightpostureapparentlyimprovesthememory”可知，肩膀前倾的坐姿会引起焦虑或抑郁，而直立的姿势显然可以改善记忆力。故A项符合语境，能概括本段内容。]2．D　[根据本部分的标题Exercise—Once以及该部分中的“Onaverage，peoplerememberedthefacesbetteraftertheintenseexercise”可知，研究表明剧烈运动后人们的记忆力变得更好。而D项“Sweatforphysicaltraining”与剧烈运动有关，\n代入D项后既能回答空前的问句又能与下文衔接，故选D。]3．F　[根据本部分第一句中的“hurtachild'scognitivedevelopment”可知，第一句讲的是看电视太久对孩子的影响；根据下文中的“aged50orolder”可知，下文讲的应是看电视太久对老年人的影响。故F项承上启下，与此处匹配。]4．E　[根据本部分的标题DrawAimlessly及对本部分的整体理解可知，本部分讲的是绘画对记忆力的作用，又根据E项中的“sketching”(画素描，画速写)可知，E项符合语境。]5．G　[根据该空后的“Walkback！”和本部分最后一句中的“movingbackwardinspacementallyhelpsusmovebackintimetothemomentwhenwelearnedsomething”可知，G项中的“don'tjustthinkback”与空后的内容相呼应，故选G项。]Ⅲ.语法填空(2020·安徽省示范高中名校学年上学期联考)BaiduisnotadoctorWhenpeople1．________(face)withhealthornutritionquestions，itis2．________(increasing)commonforthemtogoonlineanddiagnosethemselves.ButtheInternetisfullofconflictinghealthwarningswithnoregulationtogetridofthewrongadvice，someofwhich3．________(be)extremelydangerous!Furthermore，searchenginesrankresultsbypopularityrather4．________accuracy，sosolidfactscanbetrickytofind.Itisworth5．________(check)ifthewriterofanonlinepieceisproperlyqualifiedasanexpert.Anyonecancall6．________(they)a“dietexpert”，“nutritionist”andevena“doctor”—giventhatitcouldrefertoqualificationslikeaPhD.Butremember，onlyofficially7．________(recognize)practicingdoctorsaswellasdietitianshaverightstogivemedical8．________(suggest)．Soifyouareunsureandstillwondering9．________thechocolatedietreallydoesworkornot，thenitpaystomake10．________appointmentwithyourdietitianordoctor.Thetruthisoutthere，andyoujustneedtolookintherightplace!【语篇解读】　当人们面临健康和营养的问题时，他们通常会上网查询，自我诊断；但网上信息的准确性难以保证，不要完全相信网络上有关健康与营养的建议，要找执业医生或营养师寻求建议。1．arefaced　[考查固定用法。befacedwithsth.意为“面临/面对某事”，为固定用法。]2．increasingly　[考查副词。修饰形容词common要用副词，故填increasingly。]3．is　[考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处叙述的为一般情况，\n应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，定语从句的引导词指代先行词“advice”，advice“建议”为不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is。]4．than　[考查介词。ratherthan是固定习语。故填than。]5．checking　[考查动名词。beworthdoingsth.意为“值得做某事”，为固定用法，故填checking。]6．themselves　[考查代词。根据语境可知，此处表示任何人都可以称自己为“饮食专家”或“营养师”等。故填反身代词themselves。]7．recognized　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词recognize和其逻辑主语构成动宾关系，应用其过去分词形式，此处表示只有那些被官方认可的执业医生和营养师才有权利给人们医学建议。故填recognized。]8．suggestions　[考查词性转换。形容词修饰名词，且此处表示不止一条建议，故填suggestions。]9．whether　[考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，根据该句中的“ornot”及语境可知，此处应填whether。]10．an　[考查冠词。appointment“约定，预约”为可数名词，此处初次提到，表泛指，且appointment的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。]Ⅳ.短文改错(2020·长春市高三质量监测一)Therearemanypersonswhohelpmealot，amongwhomaremyEnglishteacher，MissLiu.Istillrememberbeingaskedinhisclass，butIfailtoanswerthequestion.IwassoembarrassedthatIburstintotear.Shedidn'tblameforme.Instead，sheencouragedmewithasmile，sayingbestwaytofacefailurewastokeeptryandthatnosuccesscouldbeachievedwithoutfailure.Thatshesaidstruckmedeepatthattime，whichmademestudymuchharderthanbefore.Now，asaseniorthreestudent，Imakeitmymotto:Nevergiveup，oryou'llsucceedintime.【答案】　Therearemanypersonswhohelpmealot，amongwhommyEnglishteacher，MissLiu.Istillrememberbeingaskedinclass，butItoanswerthequestion.IwassoembarrassedthatIburstinto.Shedidn'tblameme.Instead，sheencouragedmewithasmile，sayingbestwaytofacefailurewastokeep\nandthatnosuccesscouldbeachievedwithoutfailure.shesaidstruckmeatthattime，whichmademestudymuchharderthanbefore.Now，asaseniorthreestudent，Imakeitmymotto:Nevergiveup，you'llsucceedintime.