高考英语 Unit 4 Body language要点梳理+重点突破 新人教版必修4
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必修4 Unit4 Bodylanguage要点梳理高效梳理·知识备考●重点单词1.statevt.陈述;说明→statementn.陈述;说明2.greetvi.&vt.迎接;问候→greetingn.迎接;问候;招呼3.representvt.代表;象征→representativen.代表(人士)4.associationn.社团;联系;联想→associatev.把……联系起来5.flightn.飞行;航班6.curiousadj.好奇的→curiosityn.好奇心7.approachvt.&vi.接受;靠近;走近n.接近;方法;途径8.defendvt.保护;保卫→defencen.防御;保卫9.majoradj.主要的10.misunderstandvt.误解;误会→misunderstandingn.误解;误会11.adultn.成人;成年人adj.成人的;成熟的12.spokenadj.口语的→unspokenadj.非口语的;未说出口的13.functionn.作用;功能;职能vi.起作用;运转14.trulyadv.真实地;真诚地;真正地15.falseadj.错误的;假的16.angern.怒气;怒火→angryadj.生气的17.subjectiveadj.主观的→subjectn.主题;对象18.rankn.等级;军衔●重点短语1.defendagainst保卫……以免受20\n2.onthecontrary相反地3.inthesameway以相同的方式4.atease舒适;快活;自由自在5.turnone’sbackto背对;背弃6.getcloseto靠近;接近7.belikelyto很可能……;有希望……8.ingeneral总的来说;通常9.loseface丢脸10.watch/lookout小心●重点句型1.Notallculturesgreeteachotherthesameway,noraretheycomfortableinthesamewaywithtouchingordistancebetweenpeople.各种文化背景下的人互致问候的方式不尽相同,身体接触和相互间距离的程度也不尽相同。2.Makingafistandshakingitalmostalwaysmeansthatsomeoneisangryandthreateninganotherperson.把手握紧,朝着别人晃拳头几乎总是意味着愤怒并且威胁别人。3.Withsomanyculturaldifferencesbetweenpeople,itisgreattohavesomesimilaritiesinbodylanguage.人们之间的文化差异非常多,但好在身势语有一些相似之处。●高考范文(2008·海南、宁夏、全国卷Ⅰ)假定你是李华,从小喜爱大熊猫,一直通过有关网站关注三年前在美国圣迭哥动物园出生的大熊猫“苏琳”和她的母亲“白云”。现在苏琳即将三岁。请根据以下要点给动物园工作人员写一封信。1.自我介绍;2.祝贺苏琳生日;3.感谢工作人员;4.索取苏琳三岁生日照。20\n注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.开头和结尾语已为你写好。DearSir/Madam,GreetingsfromChina!____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourstruly,LiHua写作要点:1.本文是一封书信,根据材料要求,时态应以一般现在时为主,人称为第一人称。2.内容要点:(1)自我介绍;(2)信息来源;(3)祝贺生日;(4)感谢照顾;(5)索取照片;(6)合适的结尾。3.重要词汇:introduce,express,wish,congratulate,begrateful,givebirthto,ahappybirthday,aphotoof...[范文]Dear_Sir/Madam,Greetings_from_China!I'mLiHua,astudentinSichuan.I'vebeenapandaloversinceIwasachild.AboutthreeyearsagoIwasdelightedtolearnthatBaiyungavebirthtoherdaughterSulinandI'vebeenwatchinghergrowonyourwebsite.Nowshe‘sgoingtobethree.I’dliketowishherahappybirthdayandtoexpressmythankstoyouforyourhardwork,becauseofwhichSulinandherparentsarelivingahappyandhealthylifeintheUS.Bytheway,couldIhaveaphotoofSulintakenonherthirdbirthday?Thankyouverymuchinadvance.Yours_truly,Li_Hua考点探究互动探究·能力备考20\nⅠ.词汇短语过关1.representvt.代表,象征;作为……的代表或代理人representationn.代表,代表团,代理representativeadj.代表性的n.代表,代理人representsb.as/tobe宣称某人为……representsth.tosb.向某人说明某事;向某人传达某事representsth./sb.assth./sb.把……描绘成……[即学即练1](1)Therose_____________love.玫瑰花是爱情的象征。(2)Thispicture_____________astormatsea.这幅画表现的是海上风暴。(3)He____________Chinaintheconference.他代表中国参加了这次会议。(4)He___________himself________anexpert.他称自己是专家。 representsrepresentsrepresentedrepresentstobe2.curiousadj.好奇的,爱探究的,奇怪的,难以理解的curiouslyadv.好奇地,奇怪地curiosityn.好奇心;古玩becuriousabout对……感到好奇becurioustodosth.渴望做……from/outofcuriosity出于好奇meet/satisfyone‘scuriosity满足某人的好奇心withcuriosity=curiously好奇地20\n[即学即练2](1)Thechild______very____________theoriginofmankind.这个孩子对人类的起源很感兴趣。(2)I'm__________________whathesaid.我极想知道他说了什么。(3)__________________heleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.真奇怪,他不辞而别了。 iscuriousaboutcurioustoknowIt’scuriousthat3.approachvt.向……靠近;接近n.入门,接近;方法,途径approachsb.on/aboutsth.与某人接洽/商量某事approachto接近;近似;(做某事)的方法(途径)anewapproachtolanguageteaching一种新的语言教学方法attheapproachof在快到……的时候makeapproachestosb.和某人打交道[即学即练3](1)Anewyear________________.新年快到了。(2)He______________thequestionasascientist.他从科学家的角度来处理这一问题。(3)Ilikeher____________theproblem.我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。(4)DidMary_________you______lendinghersomemoney?玛丽找你商量过有关借些钱给她的事吗? isapproaching20\napproachedapproachtoapproachabout4.defendvt.保卫,防卫,为……辩护defense/defencen.防卫,防御defenseworks防御工事,防御工程adefensesatellite防御卫星defendone'sargument为某人的论点辩护defend...against...保护……,防御……defend...from(harm)保护……不受(伤害)[即学即练4](1)Theycouldn't________us__________ourrights.他们不能阻挠我们捍卫我们的权利。(2)Weneedsomelawyersto____________.我们需要几个律师为我们辩护。(3)Weshould______thechild______harm.我们要保护这孩子不受伤害。(4)Theirdutyisto______thecountry______itsenemies.他们的职责就是保卫国家抵御敌人(入侵)。 preventdefendingdefendusdefendfromdefendagainst5.likelyadj.可能的adv.很可能It‘slikelythat...=Sb./Sth.belikelytodo...……20\n是可能的。notlikely(坚决不同意)绝不可能,绝对不会[即学即练5](1)John______________beinLondonthisautumn.今年秋天约翰可能在伦敦。(2)Theparkisa______placeforthepicnic.这公园倒是个适合野餐的地方。(3)______isn’tlikelythatIshouldacceptsuchanofferasthat.要我接受这样的建议是不大可能的。(4)Wewill___________likelybelate.我们很有可能会迟到。 islikelytolikelyItmost/very【注意】likely做副词的时候多和most,very连用。6.easen.安逸;舒适 vt.减轻(痛苦、忧虑)atease舒适,快活,自由自在withease轻易地,毫不费力地feel/lookatease感到/看上去心情放松put/setsb.atone‘sease使某人放松、松弛takeone’sease休息,轻松一下[即学即练6](1)Themedicine__________________.这种药镇痛。(2)Heislivingalife_________.他过着舒适的生活。(3)Hepassedtheexamination____________.他轻松地通过了考试。(4)Ineverfeelcompletely_________withhim.我跟他在一起总感到不是很自在。 20\neasedthepainofeasewitheaseatease7.ingeneral总的来说;通常asageneralrule一般而言;通常,总之generallyspeaking一般而言It'sgenerallybelievedthat...普遍认为……[即学即练7](1)Hehasbeenpromotedto________________.他已被提升为总经理。(2)_________________,weenjoyedthetrip.总的来说,我们这次旅行很愉快。(3)____________commandedhismentoadvance.将军命令他的士兵向前挺进。(4)____________,herworkhasbeengood,butthisessayisdreadful.总的说来,她的作品不错,不过这篇文章糟透了。generalmanagerGenerallyspeakingThegeneralIngeneral拓展:onthewhole总的来说generallyspeaking一般说来asawhole就整体上来看inaword总之Asawhole,thebookisworthreading.就整体来看,这本书值得看。Ⅱ.重点句型详解Not_all_culturesgreeteachotherthesameway,nor_are_theycomfortableinthesamewaywithtouchingordistancebetweenpeople.20\n各种文化背景下人们互致问候的方式不尽相同,身体接触和相互间距离的程度也并不一样。(1)notall...是部分否定,与not构成部分否定的词还有:both,every,everyone,everywhere,everybody,everything,always,entirely,wholly,altogether。Noteverystudentpassedtheexam.并非所有的学生都通过了考试。NotallofuscanspeakEnglish.并非我们都会说英语。提示:表示全部否定的词有:none,nobody,neither,never,nothing,nowhere,noone,notatall。(2)本句后半句是nor引起的倒装句,nor位于句首时,句子需要部分倒装。Shedoesn‘tlikedance,nordoeshersister.她不喜欢跳舞,她姐姐也不喜欢。归纳拓展:含有否定意义的词置于句首往往引起部分倒装:①含有否定意义的副词放在句首,如:not,never,seldom,hardly,rarely,little等。Neverbeforehasourcountrybeenasunitedasitistoday.我们国家从没像现在这样团结。②含有否定意义的连词置于句首,如:neither...nor,nosooner...than...,scarcely...when...,hardly...when...等。Nosoonerhadhelefthomethanitbegantorain.他一出家门天就开始下雨。③含有否定意义的介词短语置于句首,如:bynomeans,innotime,innocase,onnoaccount等。Onnoaccountmustyouacceptanymoneyagainstyourconscience.你无论如何不能违背自己的良心而得到钱财。[即境活用] (2008·辽宁卷)Billwasn'thappyaboutthedelayofthereportbyJohn,and______.A.IwasneitherB.neitherwasIC.IwaseitherD.eitherwasI答案:B解析:考查neither用于句首,倒装。20\n易错点拨自我完善·误区备考1.represent/onbehalfof/standfor(1)represent用来表示“代表某人/某个团体/政府等”“某种标志代表什么”“某物(书、雕塑等)表现的是什么”和“把某人/物描绘成什么”。(2)onbehalfof只能用做状语,表示“代表/代替某人”。(3)standfor往往用来表示“(字母、数字、符号等)代表/象征什么”。[应用1] 用represent/standfor/onbehalfof填空(1)He___________ourschooltotakepartinthecompetitionandallofuswereproudofhim.(2)_____________everyonehere,Iwishyouaveryhappyholiday.(3)Whatdoestheletter“E”___________? representedOnbehalfofstandfor2.protect/defend/guard(1)protect指采取一定措施,使用某些器具以保护人或物免遭损害,使用范围广泛。(2)defend着重指用武力抵御攻击和侵犯。(3)guard强调通过看守警戒,以确保安全。[应用2] (1)ThePLANavy______thecoastlineofourmotherland.中国人民解放军海军守卫着我们祖国的海岸线。(2)Wemust______thechildrenfromharm.我们必须保护儿童免受伤害。(3)Weshall______ourcountry,whatevercostmaybe.无论付出什么代价,我们都要保卫我们的祖国。 guardprotectdefend20\n3.likely/probable/possible(1)likely强调表面上看来有可能,与probable意思接近,有时可以互换,但likely常暗示从表面迹象来判断。常用句型:①Sth./Sb.belikelytodo...②Itislikelythat...(2)probable表示有几分根据的推测,比possible表示的可能性大。换句话说,probable的“有可能”,是指有实际的依据或逻辑上合乎情理。常用句型:Itisprobablethat...(3)possible表示客观上潜在的可能性,也许实际发生的可能性并不大。常用句型:①Itispossible(forsb.)todosth.②Itispossiblethat...③sth.ispossible④asquickly/much/soon...aspossible[应用3] (1)Itis_________thatitwillrain,butwithsuchablueskyitdoesn’tseem___________.(2)Theweatheris______tobefine.(3)Itis_________forustogetfromBeijingtoTianjininlessthananhour. possibleprobablelikelypossible高效作业自我测评·技能备考Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Hewasc______________abouteverythinghesawandkeptaskingquestions.2.Insomecountries,avisitorwillbeg_________withakissonthecheek.20\n3.WhatdoesXr___________inthisequation(方程式)?4.G_________speaking,womencrymoreeasilythanmen.5.Ipreferc____________totragedy.curious greetedrepresentGenerallycomedy6.The_________(主要的)subjectsinseniorhighschoolsareChinese,Englishandmathematics.7.Quarrelsareusuallycausedbecauseof___________________(误解).8.Asyou____________(接近)thetown,thefirstbuildingyouseeisthechurch.9.His__________(口头的)Englishisprettygood.10.Canyoushowmetothe___________(宿舍)?major misunderstandingapproachspokendormitoryⅡ.单项选择1.—It'saveryinterestingbook.—______.—Andthankyouverymuchforlettingmekeepitsolong.A.I‘mgladyoulikeit B.That'sallrightC.Don'tmentionitD.Ihopeyoulikeit答案:A解析:考查交际用语。由thankyouverymuchforlettingmekeepitsolong可知书已看完,选A。20\n2.(2010·福建六校三联)Livinginthedormitorymeans______totakecareofyourself,understandeachother'sdifferencesandshare______interests.A.tolearn;commonB.learning;ordinaryC.tolearn;ordinaryD.learning;common答案:D解析:考查非谓语动词和形容词的用法。meandoingsth表示“意味着……”,meantodosth表示“打算做某事”,结合语意可排除A、C两项;commoninterests意思是“共同的兴趣爱好”,符合语意。3.TheOlympicmascotsaretheOlympicflame,thefish,thepanda,theTibetanantelopeandtheswallow,______aclosegroupoffriends.A.torepresentB.representingC.representedD.represent答案:B解析:考查非谓语动词。representing为现在分词做后置定语。4.(2010·长春调研)-Isyourhusbandgoodatcleaninguptheroom?-Notvery,butwhenit______cooking,heismuchbetterthanIam.A.talksaboutB.referstoC.comestoD.dealswith答案:C解析:考查动词短语。“Whenitcomesto...”是常用句式,意思是“当谈及某事的时候……”。5.Hesatbackonthechair,listeningtotheMP4and______.A.lookingateaseB.lookedateaseC.beinglookedateaseD.tolookatease答案:A解析:looking“看上去,看起来”,为现在分词做状语,表伴随,与listeningto...并列。6.(2010·安徽皖南八校二联)ManyyouthwenttotheshanghaiScienceandTechnologyMuseumonNov.16,2009,______U.S.PresidentBarackObamadeliveredaspeechduringhisfour-daystatevisit.20\nA.whichB.inthatC.whereD.that答案:C解析:考查定语从句的用法。where引导的定语从句修饰先行词theShanghaiScienceandTechnologyMuseum.7.Fromthenonweneversawheragain,nor______fromher.A.heardweB.hadweheardC.wehaveheardD.didwehear答案:D解析:否定词nor放于句首,句子部分倒装,且与saw时态一致,故选D。8.Idoeverysinglebitofhousework______myhusbandBobjustdoesthedishesnowandthen.A.sinceB.whileC.whenD.as答案:B解析:while表示对比,对照,译为“然而”。9.Atthemeetingtheydiscussedthreedifferent______tothestudyofmathematics.A.approachesB.meansC.methodsD.ways答案:A解析:四个词都有“方法”的意思,但只有approach后接介词to+n./v.-ing。way后接ofsth./doingsth.或todosth.;means和method后接ofsth.或ofdoingsth.。10.Thecity______byanarmyof600menwasdifficulttotake.A.defendingB.havingbeendefendedC.havingdefendedD.defended答案:D解析:过去分词短语defendedby...做定语,相当于一个定语从句whichwasdefendedby...;B项只做状语,不做定语。20\n11.Wiseteachersknowit’simpossibleforallthestudentstolearnallthesubjectswellbecause______ofthemarenotfitforthem.A.everyoneB.allC.noneD.notall答案:B解析:此处all与后面的not连用,表示部分否定。12.______,mostteenagersnowlistentorockmusic.However,Johnlikesclassicalmusicbetter.A.InawordB.IngeneralC.IntimeD.Intotal答案:B解析:inaword意为“总之,一句话;总而言之”;ingeneral意为“大体上;一般地”;intotal意为“总共”;intime“及时”。通过句意可以看出,“大多数青少年喜欢听摇滚乐”是一种一般的、普遍的情况,所以选B。13.______differentkindsofpianos,thefactoryissuretheycansatisfypeople’sneeds.A.ToproduceB.BeingproducedC.ProducedD.Havingproduced答案:D解析:根据后半句说,“工厂确信能满足人们的需要”,那么前提应该是“生产各种各样的钢琴”已经成为事实,所以用现在完成时,动词ing形式做状语。14.Ifyouhurryup,Ithinkitquite______thatyouwillcatchtheflighttoHongKong.Thereare40minutesleft.A.probablyB.likelyC.possiblyD.certainly答案:B解析:由句子结构可知此处应填形容词做宾语补足语,likelyadj.可能的。15.-Wasthatthenewbookthattheyallmentionedatthefair?-______.A.TheymustbeB.ItmusthavebeenC.TheywereD.Itmustn’thavebeen20\n答案:B解析:考查情态动词表推测。上文的was是解决该题的关键,由此可知,B项正确。对过去的推测一律用“情态动词+havedone”结构。D项表禁止而非猜测。Ⅲ.完形填空WhenIenteredBerkeley,Ihopedtoearnascholarship.HavingbeenaStraightAstudent,IbelievedIcould__1__toughsubjectsandreallylearnsomething.OnesuchcoursewasWorldLiteraturegivenbyProfessorJayne.Iwasextremelyinterestedintheideashe__2__inclass.WhenItookthefirstexam,Iwas__3__tofinda77,Cplus,onmytestpaper,__4__Englishwasmybestsubject.IwenttoProfessorJayne,wholistenedtomyargumentsbutremained__5__.Idecidedtotryharder,althoughIdidn'tknowwhatthat__6__becauseschoolhadalwaysbeeneasyforme.Ireadthebooksmorecarefully,butgotanother77.Again,I__7__withProfessorJayne.Again,helistenedpatientlybutwouldn'tchangehis__8__.Onemoretestbeforethefinalexam.Onemore__9__toimprovemygrade.SoIredoubledmyeffortsand,forthefirsttime,__10__themeaningoftheword“thorough”.Butmy__11__didnogoodandeverything__12__asbefore.Thelasthurdle(障碍)wasthefinal.Nomatterwhat__13__Igot,itwouldn'tcancelthreeCpluses.Imightaswellkissthe__14__goodbye.Istoppedworkinghard.IfeltIknewthecoursematerialaswellasIeverwould.Thenightbeforethefinal,Ieven__15__myselftoamovie.ThenextdayIdecidedforonceI'dhave__16__withatest.Aweeklater,IwassurprisedtofindIgotanA.IhurriedintoProfessorJayne'soffice.He__17__tobeexpectingme.“IfIgaveyoutheAsyou__18__,youwouldn'tcontinuetoworkashard.”Istaredathim,__19__thathisanalysisandstrategy(策略)werecorrect.Ihadworkedmyhead__20__,asIhadneverdonebefore.Iwasspeechlesswhenmycoursegradearrived:Aplus.ItwastheonlyAplusgiven.ThenextyearIreceivedmyscholarship.I'vealwaysrememberedProfessorJayne'slesson:youalonemustsetyourownstandardofexcellence.20\n1.A.takeB.discussC.coverD.get2.A.soughtB.presentedC.exchangedD.obtained3.A.shockedB.worriedC.scaredD.anxious4.A.butB.soC.forD.or5.A.unchangedB.unpleasantC.unfriendlyD.unmoved6.A.reflectedB.meantC.improvedD.affected7.A.quarreledB.reasonedC.bargainedD.chatted8.A.attitudeB.mindC.planD.view9.A.choiceB.stepC.chanceD.measure10.A.memorizedB.consideredC.acceptedD.learned11.A.ambitionB.confidenceC.effortD.method12.A.stayedB.wentC.workedD.changed13.A.gradeB.answerC.lessonD.comment14.A.scholarshipB.courseC.degreeD.subject15.A.helpedB.favoredC.treatedD.relaxed20\n16.A.funB.luckC.problemsD.tricks17.A.happenedB.provedC.pretendedD.seemed18.A.valuedB.imaginedC.expectedD.welcomed19.A.rememberingB.guessingC.supposingD.realizing20.A.outB.overC.onD.off答案及解析:1.A。这里用takeasubject/course,take表示“攻读(某课程)”。我在中学的学习成绩都是“全优”,我想我可以学比较难的课程,真正学点东西。2.B。本题用动词present表示“陈述;呈现(观点、计划等)”。我特别喜欢世界文学课的Jayne教授在课堂给我们陈述的那些观点。3.A。我对自己的能力很自信,对老师的课也很感兴趣,可是考试结果我只得了77分,得了个C+,这让我觉得诧异。4.C。本题选C表示原因,正因为英语是我(学得)最好的科目,所以得了C让我觉得惊讶,并由此去找教授评理。5.D。教授只听我理论,没有说话。从四个选项的含义看,这里用(heremained)unmoved表示教授听了我的争论与辩解却无动于衷。unmoved表示“没有被打动”。6.B。教授不为我所动,没办法,我只能更努力地学习。但我也不知道更努力地学习“意味着”什么,因为我的学习一直都很好,学习很顺利。7.B。更努力地学习的结果是第二次考试还是77分,于是我再次去找教授理论。这里用reason与上文的argument呼应,表示作者对自己这么低的考试分数不服气,与教授辩论。8.B。前面说了,第一次找他的时候,他无动于衷,这次还是一样,他不愿意改变初衷,不愿意改动我的分数。9.C。期末考试前还有一次考试,这是我提高考试分数的又一次“机会”。10.D。我再次加倍努力学习,并且第一次充分明白了什么叫“彻底”地学习。11.C。可是我所付出的这一切努力都没有任何作用。这里用effort指前面提到的我一次次加倍努力学习。20\n12.B。这里表示一切照旧,但不能用系动词,因为句中没有表语,而是用不及物动词go表示“进展,发生”。13.A。无论期末考试结果如何,这都改不了一个事实:我已经得了三个77分,三个C+了。14.A。学习成绩不优秀,拿奖学金是没有指望了。这里不是说和课程、学位告别,而是连续三个C+使我拿不到奖学金了。15.C。本题用treat表示“招待,款待”:期末考试的前夜,我甚至放纵自己去看电影了。16.A。我开始放弃学业了,在考试的前一天晚上去看电影,笫二天,我就决心把考试当做好玩的游戏了。17.D。前面几次考试我都去找他理论,这次他似乎也早就在期待我的到来了。18.C。假如前几次考试我遂你的心愿,每次都给你个A等,你就不会继续努力学习了。19.D。我意识到他的这些分析与学习策略是对的。20.D。本题用动词短语workoff表示“(通过无礼的方式等)发泄(怒气、沮丧之情)”。Ⅳ.短文改错Oncetherelivedaboywasveryfondof1.______reading.Buthewassopoortobuyany2.______books.Sohehadtoborrowthemfromarichman3.______livedfaraway.Theboyalwaystried4.______hardtofinishreadthebooksandreturned5.______boy后加whoso→too√lived后加whoread→readingthemtotheownerwithinthegivingtime.So6.______therichmanwasreadylendhimanyofthe7.______bookshewantedthem.Inthiswayhereadalot8.______andlatebecameawellknownwriterofhistime.9.______However,therichman'ssonwhodidn'tliketostudyremainedamanwithalittleknowledge.10.______20\ngiving→givenlend→tolend去掉themlate→later去掉第二个a20
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