2022外研版英语大一轮复习练习选修八Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe（附解析）

课后双卷·练透提能得分点A卷　单元语基巩固卷Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Thefilmfestivalisacknowledged(acknowledge)asaneventofinternationalimportance.2．Farmerswillhaveagoodharvest，assuming(assume)thattheweatherisfavorable.3．Accustomed(accustom)toclimbingthesteepmountains，hehadnodifficultyreachingthetop.4．Itriedtocomforthimafterhewasdefeated(defeat)byhisopponent.5．Thenewgovernmentmustsetouttofind(find)solutionstothecountry'seconomicproblems.6．Witheconomydevelopmentatgreatspeed，ourcityhaswitnessed(witness)quiteafewchangesinrecentyears.7．Havingbeendevoted(devote)tohisteachingworkallthetime，theteacherreallyrequiresagoodrest.8．Iwanttostartachangeinmylife，butIhavenocluehowtogetitinmotion.9．Tomygreatrelief，grandmother'sillnessprovednottobeasseriousaswehadfeared.10．Ifyouareinterestedinsomething，devoteyourselftoitandfinallyyouwillmakeit．Ⅱ.选词填空inspiteof;attheverybeginningof;haveanimpacton;setout;accusesb.of;beaccustomedto1．Attheverybeginningoflastterm，Tom2.wasaccustomedtoplayingcomputergames.3.Inspiteofthefactthathisparents4.accusedhimofnotworkinghard，hejustignored.However，histeachershowedhimhowgreat5.animpactitwouldhaveonhimifhecontinuedplayingit.Withhisteacher'sencouragement，he6.setouttomakeupforthelosttime.breakout;(be)awareof;makeit;aseriesof;resultin;prayforEverytimeadisaster7.breaksout,people8.prayforabetterworld.Actually，humanactivitiesinthepastyearshave9.resultedinextremedisastersincluding10.aseriesofheavystorms，floodsandearthquakes.Weneedto11.beawareoftheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.Onlybydoingsocanwe12.makeitandliveinabetterworld.Ⅲ.完成句子1．他们正在讨论这个问题：他们是否应停止在那个项目上投资。Theyarediscussingtheproblemwhethertheyshouldstopinvestingmoneyinthatproject.,2．头痛患者会发现他们从这个药物中得到了缓解。Thosewhosufferfromheadachewillfindthemselvesgetrelieffromthismedicine．3．尽管他失败了，但是他从来没有失去信心。Inspiteofthefactthathefailed，heneverlostheart.4．史密斯先生决定要出国后，就开始在一家培训机构学英语。Havingdecidedtogoabroad，Mr.SmithsetaboutstudyingEnglishinatrainingcenter.5．这辆车不比那辆车贵，但是耗油少。Thiscarisnomoreexpensivethanthatone．Butthisoneuseslessoil.6．老师认为大部分学生一天记500个单词是有可能的。Themasterthinksitpossiblethatmostofthestudentscouldrememberfivehundredwordsinaday.Ⅳ.片段写作——用本单元知识完成小作文完成片段作文词汇句式升级　　Thepastdecade(过去的十年)hasseenaseriesofhistoricachievements(一系列历史性的成就)inspacetechnology.①ThoughweknowlittleaboutMars，manbegantoexploreit.Sofar，morethan30probeshavemadeitto(成功到达)Mars.②Inspiteofthat(尽管如此)，peoplethinkthatweoughttoknowmoreaboutMars.Thoughitssurfaceissimilartothatoftheearth(与地球的表面相似)，whetherthereislifeontheMarsdependsonfurtherresearch(取决于进一步的研究).1.用本单元高级词汇替换加黑单词(1)seen→witnessed(2)began→setout(3)think→acknowledge2．按要求改写句式(1)用倒装句升级句①LittleasweknowaboutMars，mansetouttoexploreit.(2)用被动语态升级句②Inspiteofthat，itisacknowledgedthatweoughttoknowmoreaboutMars.B卷　高考题型组合卷　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型应用文　主题语境人与社会——旅游——神奇的历史之旅MagicalHistoryTour,JoinusforourfifthannualexplorationoffascinatinghistoricsitesaroundGreaterPortlandthatyou'veneverseenormaybedidn'tevenknowexisted!TheMagicalHistoryTourisyourkeytounlockingfascinatinghistoricalplacesthatarenotusuallyopentothepublic.Itisaselfguidedadventureguaranteedtoamazeandamusebothadultsandchildren.Equippedwithamap，andatyourownpace，youwillbegreetedbyguidesateachlocationreadytosharethehistoryofthetourstop.Inthe5thyearoftheMagicalHistoryTour，wewillbepresentinganexcitingmixofbothnewsitesandfavoritesfromthepastfouryears.TheMagicalHistoryTourcheckinbeginsat9：45amatMaineHistoricalSociety'sBrownLibrary.Atthistime，youwillfindoutwherethetourwilltakeyoutoasyoureceiveyourmapandticketintoeachsite.Followusforupdates，chancestowinticketsandsomeotherexcitingopportunities;andfeelfreetoshareyourtourexperiencestooursocialmediapagesusing#MHStour!·Time：10：00am—4：00pm，Saturday，May11，2019·Location：485CongressStreet·Tickets：Getyourticketsonline，bycallingusat207—774—1822，orbyvisitingourMuseumStoreat489CongressStreet.$25/AdultMHSMember;$35/AdultGeneralAdmission；$5/Juniors—underage18.·Volunteering：WeneedvolunteersfortheMagicalHistoryTour！Volunteershelpforhalfthedayofthetourandaregivenafreetickettothetourtoenjoyeitherbeforeoraftertheirvolunteershift!Formoreinformation，emailusatevents@mainehistory.orgorcallusat207—774—1822.文章大意：本文主要介绍了神奇的历史之旅，包括其时间、地点以及购票和志愿者招募等相关情况。1．What'sthepurposeoftheMagicalHistoryTour?A．Toexploreunfamiliarhistoricsites.B．Tovisitsomeworldfamousattractions.C．Toprovidechildrenwithhistoryclasses.D．Tomakesomeprivateplacesknowntothepublic.解析：A　考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句中的“you'veneverseenormaybedidn'teven,knowexisted”和第二句中的“historicalplacesthatarenotusuallyopentothepublic”可知，神奇历史之旅的目的是探索(人们)不熟悉的历史遗址。2．Howmuchshouldacouple(oneistheMHSMember)andakidpay?A．$55.　　　　　　　　　　B．$65.C．$75.　　　D．$105.解析：B　考查数字计算。根据文中的“$25/AdultMHSMember；$35/AdultGeneralAdmission；$5/Juniors—underage18.”可知，神奇历史之旅会员成人票价是25美元；普通成人票价是35美元；18岁以下的孩子票价是5美元，并结合题干可知，B项正确。3．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．Youcanbuyaticketbyemailing.B．Touristswillonlybeguidedbyamap.C．Onlynewsitesareavailableforthetour.D．Volunteerscantakepartinthetourforfree.解析：D　考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Volunteershelpforhalfthedayofthetourandaregivenafreetickettothetourtoenjoyeitherbeforeoraftertheirvolunteershift！”可知，志愿者可以免费参加神奇之旅。B语篇类型记叙文　主题语境人与自然——动物遗骸——三个男孩发现了乳齿象的下颌骨　　(2020·武汉市高中质量检测)ThreeboyswereenjoyingthemselvesintheirhometownofBovina，Mississippi.However，theirliveswereturnedupsidedownwhentheydiscoveredthejawboneofaMastodon(乳齿象).BrothersShawnandCaidSellersandtheircousinMichaelMahalitcfoundtheprehistoricboneinapieceofearththatwasrecentlyplowed.“Ithoughtitwasalog，”Caidsaid.“ItriedtopickitupanditwasreallyheavyandIsawteethonit.”Theboneweighedabout50pounds.Theyeventuallygotthebonetotheirhomeandfitteditintheirbathtub，butittooktheircollectivestrength，mightandagolfcart，tocarrythelargeMastodonbone.“Theydidn'texpecttofindthat，”Michael'smomsaid.“Nowtheybelievethattheywillbemoreawareoftheirsurroundingsandwhatthey'rediggingupwhentheyarediggingandplaying.”,“We'vegottenalotofpetrified(石化的)woodandCivilWarrelicsfromtheareaandthat'swhatIthoughtitwas，”thebrothers'mothersaid.“Thisisourfirstsetofteethwe'vefound.Sowethoughtitwastheirimagination.Wewerequitesurprisedtoseethatitwasnottheirimagination.”Theywereexploringnearthebrothers'home.It'ssurprisingthattheysawwhattheythoughtresembledafossil.Itwasthecuratorofpaleontology(古生物学负责人)oftheMississippiMuseumofNaturalScience，GeorgePhillips，whofirstidentifiedtheboneasa“verymatureindividual”．TheMastodonwasamammalwholivedduringtheprehistorictimes.Theyhadlongtusksandtrunks，likeelephants.Theywereclearlydifferentfromtheirmoderndaycounterparts，aswellaswoollymammoths(猛犸).文章大意：美国密西西比州的三个男孩在玩耍的时候无意中发现了乳齿象的下颌骨，起初他们并不知道这是史前动物的遗骸；他们发现的遗骸对史前生物的研究有一定的促进作用。4．HowdidtheyfindthejawboneofaMastodon?A．Withgreatefforts.　　　B．Bychance.C．Instructedbyanexpert.　　　D．Throughimagination.解析：B　考查细节理解。根据第一段“Threeboyswereenjoyingthemselves...discoveredthejawboneofaMastodon(乳齿象).”可知，他们是在玩耍的时候无意中发现乳齿象的下颌骨的。5．Atfirstthebrothers'motherthoughtthejawbonewas．A．frompeoplewhodiedintheCivilWarB．thebonefromaverymatureindividualC．likealogorsomethingD．theprehistoricbone解析：A　考查推理判断。根据第四段第一句中的“We'vegottenalotofpetrified(石化的)wood...whatIthoughtitwas”可知，他们之前曾经发现过一些石化的木材以及内战时的遗物，由此可推知，他们的母亲认为他们发现的这块下颌骨是在内战中死亡的人的。6．ThediscoveryofthejawboneofaMastodonisimportantmainlybecauseit．A．helpspeopletoknowmoreabouttheCivilWarB．teacheskidstobemoreawareoftheirsurroundingsC．promotestheresearchonmoreprehistoriccreaturesD．attractstheMississippiMuseumofNaturalScience,解析：C　考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“whofirstidentifiedtheboneasa‘verymatureindividual'”并结合倒数第一段指出Mastodon这种史前时期的古生物与今天它们的同伴有很大区别可推知，乳齿象下颌骨的发现可以促进对史前生物的研究。7．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthearticle?A．PrehistoricBonesRecentlyFoundinMississippiB．NotPetrifiedWoodnorCivilWarRelicsC．FirstIdentifyingBoneasa“VeryMatureIndividual”D．UnexpectedlyDiscoveringMastodonJawbone解析：D　考查标题判断。根据第一段并结合文章其他内容可知，美国密西西比州的三个男孩在玩耍的时候无意中发现了乳齿象的下颌骨，起初他们并不知道这是史前动物的遗骸，他们发现的遗骸对史前生物的研究有一定的促进作用，故D项最适合作文章标题。【词汇积累】　turnsth.upsidedown给(某人生活)造成大的变化　picksth.取(某物)　historyn．历史→historicadj.历史上的→prehistoricadj.史前的【熟词生义】　might(Para.2)　常用义：modalv．可能例句：Hesaidhemightcometomorrow.他说他明天可能来。文章义：n.力量例句：Hepushedtherockwithallhismight.他用尽全力推这块石头。Ⅱ.完形填空语篇类型记叙文　主题语境人与自我——个人经历——风雪归家路，偶遇好心人SnowknockedatthewindowoftheofficewhereIwasworking.Asthewindhowled(呼啸)，I1howIwouldgethome.The12mile2tookmeupanddown3hillsandarounddangerousturns.Iprayedfor4．Luckily,my5greencarwasdoing6overthesnowcoveredroadway.However,asIdroveontooneofthesteepestandscariesthills,Inoticedthetireswere7，andmytrustySUVwashavingdifficultyclimbingthehill.Idecideditwastimeto8tofourwheeldrive.Ipulledthelever(操纵杆)back,justlikemyhusbandhad9me.Slowlythetiresgraspedtheroad,andthetopofthehillcamewithin,10．Unfortunately,atthetop,the11juststopped.Ipushedandpulledthelever—nothinghappened.Iwas12，withsnowflying.Nowwhat?EventhoughIhad13nooneonthislonelystretchofroad,I14prayedthatsomeonemightcometohelp.Afterafewminutes,I15anoldpickuptruck.AyoungmanwithasmileI'dneverseenbeforeinoursmallruralcommunityrolleddownhis16andaskedifIneededhelp.IansweredhimthatIdid.Hesteppedintomycarunderthe17conditionandshowedmehowto18thefourwheeldriveshiftinggear,lockingitintoplace.Innotime,Ihadtheoldcar19towardhome.WhenIthankedthe20andaskedifhelivedaroundthearea,hejustsaid,“Oh,overthere.”DoIbelieveinmiracles?Ofcourse!文章大意：外面风雪交加，下班后“我”驾驶着自己的旧车驶上了坡陡弯急的回家之路。起初车辆行驶顺利，但在爬坡处经历一番波折后，车子在山顶抛锚了。正在此时，一位素未谋面的年轻人帮“我”修好了车，这让“我”不禁相信奇迹的存在。1．A.mentioned　　　　　　　　B．wonderedC．discovered　　　D．explained解析：B　根据上文中的“SnowknockedatthewindowoftheofficewhereIwasworking.”和“thewindhowled(呼啸)”可知，在这么恶劣的天气下，“我”想知道(wondered)自己如何到家。2．A.roadway　　　B．highwayC．sidewalk　　　D．railway解析：A　此处形成前后呼应，根据下文中的“overthesnowcoveredroadway”可知，此处应选roadway，意为“车行道；道路”。highway“公路”；sidewalk“人行道”；railway“铁路”。3．A.beautiful　　　B．realC．interesting　　　D．steep解析：D　此处形成前后呼应，根据下文中的“asIdroveontooneofthesteepestandscariesthills”以及该句中的“dangerous”可知，“我”的回家之路坡陡弯急。steep“陡的”符合语境。4．A.wealth　　　B．healthC．safety　　　D．satisfaction解析：C　根据上文的内容可知，“我”回家的路坡陡弯急，很不好走，因此“我”企盼安全。,5．A.new　　　B．oldC．lovely　　　D．expensive解析：B　此处形成前后呼应，根据下文中的“Innotime，Ihadtheoldcar”可知，“我”的车是一辆旧车。6．A.much　　　B．badlyC．again　　　D．well解析：D　根据本句中的“Luckily”可推知，起初“我”的车行驶得还算顺利。7．A.slipping　　　B．disappearingC．growing　　　D．changing解析：A　根据本句中的“mytrustySUVwashavingdifficultyclimbingthehill”和下文中的“Slowlythetiresgraspedtheroad”可知，由于道路上有雪且走的是山路，车胎在打滑。8．A.belong　　　B．compareC．switch　　　D．reply解析：C　根据下文中的“Ipulledthelever(操纵杆)back”可知，“我”决定切换为(switchto)四轮驱动。9．A.wished　　　B．threatenedC．awarded　　　D．taught解析：D　根据语境和常识可推知，“我”的丈夫之前应是教过“我”这项应急操作，故选D项。其他三项均与语境不符。10．A.heart　　　B．mindC．sight　　　D．hearing解析：C　根据本句中的“Slowlythetiresgraspedtheroad”和下文中的“atthetop”可知，切换为四轮驱动后，“我”的车缓慢地向上爬坡，山顶进入了视野(sight)。11．A.vehicle　　　B．snowC．wind　　　D．road解析：A　根据本句中的“Unfortunately”和下文中的“Ipushedandpulledthelever—nothinghappened.”可知，“我”的车爬上山顶以后就停下了。vehicle“车辆”。12．A.stuck　　　B．movedC．protected　　　D．inspired解析：A　结合第11题的解析可知，“我”动不了(stuck)了。,13．A.brought　　　B．calledC．met　　　D．hurt解析：C　根据下文中的“prayedthatsomeonemightcometohelp”和语境可知，“我”在回家的路上一个人都没有遇到。14．A.excitedly　　　B．silentlyC．confidently　　　D．proudly解析：B　结合上文讲的“我”在回家的路上一个人都没有遇到可知，此处表示“我”默默地(silently)企盼有人会来帮助“我”。15．A.created　　　B．calledC．repaired　　　D．spotted解析：D　根据下文中的“Ayoungman...askedifIneededhelp.”可知，几分钟后“我”看见了(spotted)一辆旧的轻型货车。16．A.door　　　B．leverC．window　　　D．wheel解析：C　根据语境可知，这位年轻人摇下车窗，问“我”是否需要帮助。17．A.distant　　　B．differentC．gentle　　　D．wintry解析：D　根据上文可知，当时风雪交加，故wintry“寒冷的”符合语境。18．A.control　　　B．destroyC．remove　　　D．introduce解析：A　根据本句中的“lockingitintoplace”可知，这位年轻人教“我”怎么控制四轮驱动。19．A.pointing　　　B．movingC．marching　　　D．dropping解析：B　根据本句中的“towardhome”可知，通过那个年轻人的帮助，“我”的旧车立刻向着家的方向开动了。20．A.relative　　　B．friendC．enemy　　　D．stranger解析：D　结合上文中的“AyoungmanwithasmileI'dneverseenbefore”可知，“我”并不认识那位年轻人，故stranger“陌生人”符合语境。