2022外研版英语大一轮复习练习选修八Module 4 Which English（附解析）

课后双卷·练透提能得分点A卷　单元语基巩固卷Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Thelocalpeopleopposedbuilding(build)thenewhotelbecauseofthegreatcost.2．Convinced(convince)oftheaccuracyofthedata，theystucktotheiropinion.3．Itisnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts(count).4．Thereisnodoubtthatwhatmatters(matter)isnotthespeed，butthequalityoftheproduct.5．Thekeytosolvingtheunemploymentproblemliesincreatingmorejobopportunities.6．Oneofthequestionsunderdebateiswhethereducationisalifetimestudy.7．Itisreportedthatmoreandmorestudentshavedifficultyinresistingplayingcomputergames.8．Itremainstobeseenwhetherthenewsthatanewlibrarywillbebuiltinourtownistrue.9．Sincetheplanhasbeenmade，let'sgetdowntocarrying(carry)itout.10．Inconclusion，weshouldliketothankallthosewhohaveworkedsohardtobringaboutthisresult.Ⅱ.选词填空It'scertainfortwinsthatlifereallydoesimitateart.Mytwinbrother—Kirk—andIgrewupbeingconstantlymistakenforeachother.Classmates，friends，teachers，evenrelativescouldn't1.tellusapart.2.Orratheronlymyparentscouldknowwhoiswho.Asaresult，wewereoftenunfairlypunishedorrewarded.Asamatteroffact，3.aslongastheypaymoreattentiontoouractionscarefully，theycouldtellthedifference.liein;communicatewith;ahugenumberof;getdownto;letsb.downCloserelationshipandlove4.lieinfrequentcommunication.ThoughtheInternetdevelopsrapidly，5.ahugenumberofpeoplearefacingadilemmawheretheydonothavetimeto6.communicatewiththeirfamilyfacetoface.Aslongasweputasideourcellphonesand7.getdowntospendingtimewithourfamily，wewillnever8.letourfamilydown．Ⅲ.完成句子1．高考即将到来，缓解压力的良药在于学会放松。AstheCollegeEntranceExaminationiscoming，thecureforstressliesinlearningtorelax． 2．她是美国人，但很喜欢学汉语，她说汉语是一门和英语一样受欢迎的语言。SheisanAmerican，butshelikeslearningChinese.ShesaysChineseisaspopularalanguageasEnglish．3．是我们开始认真提高英语口语的时候了。It'stimetogetdowntoimprovingouroralEnglishcarefully．4．我们学校每年有大量的学生被重点大学录取。Ahugenumberofstudentsinourschoolareadmittedtokeyuniversitieseveryyear.5．我们不想让他失望。Wedidnotwanttolethimdown．6．据估计，这个城市30%的人口来自于农村。Itisestimatedthat30%ofthepopulationinthiscityarefromthecountryside.Ⅳ.片段写作——用本单元知识完成小作文完成片段作文词汇句式升级　　Withthedevelopmentofinternationaltrade(随着国际贸易的发展)，Englishisusedmoreandmorewidely.①ThusitcountsforustogetagoodknowledgeofEnglish.Orratherifwecan'tcommunicatewithforeigners(与外国人交流)inEnglishfreely，wemaylosealotofchances.Infact，allofusbelievethatlearningEnglishwellisnoteasy.Furthermore，thekeytolearningEnglishwellliesinhardwork(在于勤奋)andconfidence.②Anyway,aslongaswegetdowntostudyinghard(只要我们开始努力学习)，wecanovercomeanything.1.用本单元高级词汇替换加黑单词或短语(1)get→acquire(2)alotof→ahugenumberof(3)believe→areconvinced2．按要求改写句式(1)用“be＋of＋名词”结构升级句①ThusitisofgreatsignificanceforustoacquireagoodknowledgeofEnglish.(2)用nothing作主句的主语升级句②Anyway，aslongaswegetdowntostudyinghard，nothingistoodifficulttoovercome.B卷　高考题型组合卷　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型说明文　 主题语境人与社会——社会生活——商旅们在丝绸之路上可能面临的危险(2020·南昌市重点中学高三段考)TheSilkRoadisarguablythemostfamouslongdistancetraderouteoftheancientworld.ThispassageconnectedEuropeintheWestwithChinaintheEast，andallowedtheexchangeofgoods，technology，andideasbetweenthetwocivilizations.Althoughmerchantscouldmakehugeprofitstravelingontheroad，itwasnotwithoutrisk.ThemainSilkRoadstartedinChang'an(knowntodayasXi'an)，theearlyHandynasty'scapital.TravelerscommencingtheirjourneyfromthiscitycouldtakeanorthernroutethatwouldtakethemacrossChina'snorthwesternprovinces.Afterthis，theywouldfacetheGobiDesert，arguablythegreatestdangeroftheSilkRoad.TheGobiDesert，thelargestdesertinAsia，consistsmainlyofrocky，hardearth.Thisfeaturemadeiteasierfortraderstotravelacross，comparedtosandydesertsliketheneighboringTaklimakanDesert.Likeotherdeserts，theGobiDesertisdryandhot，andthereforethebiggestchallengetravelersfacedwasobtainingenoughwaterforthemselvesaswellasfortheircamels.So，reststopswerecreatedalongtheroute，allowingtravelerstorest，eatanddrink.Theseplacesalsopromotedtheexchangeofgoods，andevenideas，amongstthetravelerswhostoppedthere.Usually，thereststopswereplacedwithinaday'sjourneyofeachother.Inthisway，travelerscouldavoidspendingtoomuchtimeinthedesert，whichwouldmakethembetargetsforrobbers，anotherdangeroftheSilkRoad.OncethroughtheGobiDesert，travelerswouldcontinuetheirjourneyintoIran，Turkey，andfinallyEurope.Whilethispartofthejourneymayhavebeenlessdangerous，itisnotentirelywithoutperil.文章大意：作为古代应该是最出名的商道，丝绸之路让商人们可以经此挣钱，但也伴随着种种风险。1．Theunderlinedword“it”inthefirstparagraphrefersto．A．makinghugeprofitsB．travelingontheSilkRoadC．exchanginggoodsandideasD．connectingdifferentcivilizations解析：B　考查代词指代。本句是一个主从复合句，前半句为让步状语从句， 前后形成转折，表示尽管穿行丝绸之路的商人可以获得高收益，但这也不是没有危险的，且下文讲到的危险也都与行走在丝绸之路上相关，所以it指代的应该是“行走在丝绸之路上”，故选B。2．WhywastheGobiDeserteasiertocrossthanotherdeserts?A．Thedesert'ssurfacewaseasiertowalkon.B．Camelsfortransportationwereeasiertofind.C．Itwassmallerandcouldbecrossedinlesstime.D．Thereweremorenaturalwatersourcesavailable.解析：A　考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“TheGobiDesert，thelargestdesertinAsia，consistsmainlyofrocky，hardearth.Thisfeaturemadeiteasierfortraderstotravelacross”可知，戈壁滩之所以较好穿越是由于其地面较为坚硬、好走，故选A。3．WhatcanweguessaboutthereststopsintheGobiDesert?A．Theyofferedtravelersfreeaccommodation.B．Theywerelocatedaroundtheedgesofthedesert.C．Travelersstayingtherewereoftenattackedbycriminals.D.Theyweresharedbytravelersfromdifferentcountries.解析：D　考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Theseplacesalsopromotedtheexchangeofgoods，andevenideas，amongstthetravelerswhostoppedthere.”可推知，休息处接待来自不同国家的旅客，故选D。4．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．TheoriginsoftheSilkRoad.B．ThebenefitsoftheSilkRoad.C．ThedifficultiesfacedbySilkRoadtravelers.D．TheculturalexchangesamongSilkRoadtravelers.解析：C　考查主旨大意。根据文章结构可知，作者在第一段给出了中心句“Althoughmerchantscouldmakehugeprofitstravelingontheroad，itwasnotwithoutrisk.”，在中间几段讲述了商旅们在戈壁滩上面临的困难以及其他危险，最后一段再次强调即使过了戈壁滩，但还有其他危险等待着他们，故选C。【词汇积累】　arguableadj.可论证的；可疑的→arguablyadv.可以说　commencev．开始；着手　tradern．商人　sandyadj.铺满沙子的；含沙的B 语篇类型说明文　主题语境人与社会——科学研究——用机器人创作音乐　　AtEngland'sUniversityofPlymouth，ProfessorEduardoMirandahasbeenprogrammingpairsofrobotstocomposemusic.Miranda'srobotshavesimple“vocalcords”(声带)andareprogrammedtosingandlistentoeachother.Therobots'uniquewarblingsounds(颤音)donotperfectlymatchthehumanvoice，buteachmachineisexactlysharingmusicwiththeotherinanewanduniqueway.Eachrobotisequippedwithspeakers，softwarethatmimicsthehumanvoice，amouththatopensasit“sings”，amicrophoneforears，andacameraforeyes.Therobotsalsomove.Mirandahopesthatbystudyinghisrobotvocalists，hecandiscoversomethingabouthowandwhyhumanscreate，perform，andlistentomusic.Whentherobotssing，thefirstrobotmakessixrandomsounds.Itspartnerrespondswithmoresounds.Thefirstrobotanalyzesthesoundstoseeiftheirsequences(顺序)aresimilar.Iftheyare，itnodsitsheadandcommitsthesoundstomemory，andthesecondrobotnoticesand“memorizes”themusicalsequence，too.Ifthefirstrobotthinksthesoundsaretoodifferent，itshakesitsheadandbothrobotsignorethesounds.Thentheprocesscontinues.Mirandasetupanexperimentinwhichheleftthetworobotsaloneinhisstudyfortwoweeks.Whenhereturned，hislittlewarblershad，byimitatingeachother，notonlysharednotesbutcombinedthem.Theproductoftheircooperationwasfarfromsymphonic，buttherobotshadbeguntocombinethenotesintotheirownselfdeveloped“songs”.Withthehelpofhiswarblingrobots，oneofMiranda'sgoalsistocreatemusicthatnohumanwouldevercompose.Mirandabelievestherobotsareidealforthispurposebecausetheywouldnotbeinfluencedbyanyexistingmusicalstylesorrules.文章大意：普利茅斯大学的教授EduardoMiranda通过编写程序让一对机器人创作音乐。本文介绍了Miranda的实验过程以及他的目标等。5．Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“mimics”inParagraph2?A．Substitutes.　　　　　　B．Interrupts.C．Controls.　　　D．Copies. 解析：D　考查词义猜测。根据画线词所在句中的“amouththatopensasit‘sings'，amicrophoneforears，andacameraforeyes”可知，“唱歌”时嘴张开、麦克风用作耳朵、摄像头用作眼睛。由此可推知，此处表示用来模仿人声的软件，故D项正确。A项意为“代替，取代”。6．WhatdidthetworobotsdoduringMiranda'sexperiment?A．Theyinteractedwitheachother.B．Theyignoredtheuniquesound.C．Theylearnedtosingbetterthanhumans.D．Theycommittedrandomsoundstomemory.解析：A　考查细节理解。根据第三段第一、二句“Whentherobotssing，thefirstrobotmakessixrandomsounds.Itspartnerrespondswithmoresounds.”可知，当机器人唱歌时，第一个机器人发出六个随机的声音；它的同伴会发出更多的声音来回应。并结合该段其他内容可知，在唱歌时，机器人之间会互动，故A项正确。7．WhatdoesMirandawanthisrobotstodo?A．Singaswellashumansdo.B．Createnewstylesofmusic.C．Memorizeavarietyofmusic.D．Promotetraditionalmusicalforms.解析：B　考查细节理解。根据尾段第一句“Withthehelpofhiswarblingrobots，oneofMiranda'sgoalsistocreatemusicthatnohumanwouldevercompose.”可知，Miranda的目标之一就是凭借机器人的帮助创作出人类永远无法创作出的音乐，即创造出新风格的音乐，故B项正确。8．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Futurerobots.B．Specialsongs.C．Musicbyrobots.D．ExperimentsbyMiranda.解析：C　考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，文章第一段第一句“AtEngland'sUniversityofPlymouth，ProfessorEduardoMirandahasbeenprogrammingpairsofrobotstocomposemusic.”为全文的主题句，结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了EduardoMiranda 教授用机器人创作音乐的实验过程。故C项正确。【词汇积累】　composev．作曲；创作(音乐)　vocalistn．歌手，歌唱者　commitsth.tomemory把……学好记牢　imitatev．模仿Ⅱ.七选五语篇类型说明文　主题语境人与社会——体育——体育课的变化　　InsomeUSstates，gymclassischanging.Manyschoolsarefocusingongettingstudentsreadyforlifeafterhighschool.Theyarelookingforwaystoleaveeventheleastathletickidswiththewillandskillstokeepmoving.Forgymteachers，thatmeanslessfocusonwhoisbestatasport.Itmeanslessropeclimbinganddodgeball(躲球游戏).1.ANewModelInoneNewYorkschooldistrict，thereisno“gym”class.2.Theyincludedance，selfdefenseandrockclimbing.Theyalsoincludemountainbiking，inlineskating，andboating.“Wewantourkidstobeactiveforlife，”saidRonWhitcomb.Hemanagesthephysicaleducation，orPEprogramsfortheVictorschooldistrictinNewYork.AUSlawpassedin2015increasedtheimportanceofhealthandfitnessineducation.Italsogavemorefunding(资金)toPEprograms.Whitcomb'sprogramstartedbeforethatlawwaspassed.3.Connecticut，VermontandMichiganareallplanningtoimprovePE'splaceintheirschools.OutsidetheGymTracyKrauseteachesPEinWashingtonState.Forafewyears，shehastakenstudentsflyfishingandrockclimbing.4.ItcombinesPE，English，andscienceintooneprogram.“Wewantkidstoleavewithaplanforthefuture，”Krausesaid.“Ithinkthesameneedsaretrueabouttheirhealth.”LifelongSkillsInWashington，D.C.，allsecondgraderslearntoridebikes.Fourthandseventhgraderslearnparkour(跑酷).Parkourteachesstudentstojump，climbandrollinthefastestwaytheycan.Sixthgraderslearnhowtoreadacompass.Highschoolersswim.5.Teachershopetokeepstudentsliking，nothating，PE.Thatmeansfindingsportsoractivitiestheyenjoy. A．Theyarealsocuttingbackonteamsports.B．Itmeansmorebikeridingandoutdoorhikes.C．Otherschoolsarenowfollowinghisprogram.D．Insteadthereisalistofdifferentfitnessclasses.E．Theschooldistrict'sgoalistoteachlifelongskills.F．Sheispartofherschool's“OutdoorAcademy”program.G．Kidswhoarenotasathleticsometimeshateplayingteamsports.文章大意：美国的一些州对体育课进行了改革，其目的是让学生学会终身使用的技能，所以其体育活动不限于室内运动，还包括攀岩、山地自行车运动等。1．解析：B　根据空处前两句“Forgymteachers，thatmeanslessfocusonwhoisbestatasport.Itmeanslessropeclimbinganddodgeball(躲球游戏).”可知，对于体育老师来说，这意味着较少关注谁最擅长一项运动；还意味着较少进行爬绳项目和躲球游戏。据此可知，空处应与此对应，应是继续说明体育课变化的方面，故B项“这意味着较多进行骑自行车和户外徒步旅行活动”符合语境。2．解析：D　根据空处前一句“InoneNewYorkschooldistrict，thereisno‘gym'class”可知，在纽约的一个校区，没有“体育课”；又根据空处后两句“Theyincludedance...andboating.”可知，空处应是说明有许多不同的运动课，故D项符合语境。3．解析：C　根据空处前一句“Whitcomb'sprogramstartedbeforethatlawwaspassed.”可知，Whitcomb的方案在该法案通过之前就开始了。根据空处后一句“Connecticut，VermontandMichiganareallplanningtoimprovePE'splaceintheirschools.”可知，这三个州都在计划着提高体育课在学校中的地位。据此可知，C项“其他学校也在仿效他的方案”衔接上下文，符合语境。4．解析：F　根据空处前一句“Forafewyears，shehastakenstudentsflyfishingandrockclimbing.”可知，几年来，体育老师TracyKrause带学生去钓鱼和攀岩，由此可知，F项的内容与此处相衔接，其中的“program”与空后一句中的“oneprogram”相呼应。5．解析：E　根据该段标题LifelongSkills，并结合空处上文中的“Parkourteachesstudentstojump，climbandrollinthefastestwaytheycan.Sixthgraderslearnhowtoreadacompass.Highschoolersswim.”可知，这些活动项目有助于教学生学会终身使用的技能，故E项正确。Ⅲ.语法填空 语篇类型说明文　主题语境人与社会——文化——俄罗斯现代书法博物馆　　TheContemporaryMuseumofCalligraphy(书法)containsmanyartpiecesincludingArabic，Chinese，1.(Europe)，Indian，JapaneseandSlaviccalligraphicworks.“Oneofthemostinteresting2.(item)inthemuseumisabookofcalligraphicworksonthe36militarytactics(战术)appliedduringwarsinancientChina，”AlexeyShaburov，founderandkeeperofthemuseum，3.(tell)agroupofreportersfromChinaonNovember24.Thegiantbookisexhibitedinalargeglasscase.Shaburovtookitouttoshowsomeof4.(it)content.Eachtactic，5.isusuallyexpressedinfourChinesecharacters，iswrittenononepageandaccompaniedbyaRussiantranslationonanotherpage.Thetacticsrepresentthe6.(wise)ofChinesepeople.Theyarenotonlyusefulonthebattlefield7.alsousefulforbusinessandpersonallife.Hesaidhebecamecrazyaboutcalligraphy，sohedecided8.(establish)acalligraphicmuseuminMoscow.Themuseumhasplayed9.importantroleinpromotingcalligraphyinRussia.“Calligraphywasn'tseenasanartforminRussia.Butthisyear，someoftheartworksfromourmuseumweremadeapartofthenonpublicsectionoftheRussianmuseumcollection，”Shaburovsaid，10.(add)thatthismeansthatcalligraphicworksareacknowledgedasculturalheritageandwillbeprotectedinRussia.文章大意：该文主要介绍了在俄罗斯现代书法博物馆展出的一本有关中国古代被使用于战争中的三十六计的书法作品书籍，还介绍了通过该博物馆的努力，书法在俄罗斯得到了认可。1．解析：European　考查词性转换。and前后为并列的形容词，共同修饰后面的名词短语calligraphicworks，所以填European。2．解析：items　考查名词的单复数。item“物品”为可数名词，根据空前的“Oneof”可知，此处应用item的复数形式，所以填items。3．解析：told　考查时态。分析句子结构可知，此处是谓语，又根据时间状语“onNovember24”和语境可知，此处表述的是发生在过去的事情，故应用一般过去时，所以填told。4．解析：its　考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语，修饰后面的名词content，所以填形容词性物主代词its。 5．解析：which　考查关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰表示物的先行词Eachtactic，所以填which。6．解析：wisdom　考查名词。根据空前的“the”和空后的“of”可知，空处应为名词，所以填wisdom。7．解析：but　考查固定用法。notonly...butalso...为固定用法，意为“不但……而且……”，符合语境，所以填but。8．解析：toestablish　考查非谓语动词。decidetodosth.为固定用法，意为“决定做某事”，所以填toestablish。9．解析：an　考查冠词。playa(n)...role为固定搭配，意为“发挥……的作用”，且important的发音以元音音素开头，所以填an。10．解析：adding　考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，said是句子的谓语，故此处应用非谓语动词形式，且Shaburov和add为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以填add的现在分词形式adding。