浙江省四校联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月联考英语试题（Word版附解析）

2023学年第一学期浙江省四校联盟联考试题英语学科第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whereisthewomanprobablyfrom?A.Peru.B.Britain.C.Mexico.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:HaveyounoticedthatpeoplehereinMexicostandveryclosetogether?M:Yes.It’sthesameinPerutoo.W:It’stheoppositeinBritain.Iwasalittleuncomfortablehereatfirst.Butafterafewdays,I’mgettingusedtoit.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthemandotonight?A.Attendaparty.B.Replytoaninvitation.C.Practisefootball.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:AreyougoingtoBrian’sbirthdaypartytonight?M:Ohmygosh,ittotallyslippedmymind!Ididn’tevenreplytohisinvitation.I’vegotfootballpracticetonight.W:That’stoobad.I’lllethimknowyou’renotabletomakeit.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanthinkofheroldroommate?A.Self-centered.B.Considerate.C.Cautious.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Howareyouandyourroommategettingalong? W:Prettywell.Sheusuallycomeshomelate,butshe’salwayscarefulnottomakeanynoiseincaseI’msleeping.She’sverythoughtful.M:That’snice.W:Yeah.She’sarealchangefrommyoldroommate,whoonlycaredaboutherself.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatshouldthecitydoaccordingtothewoman?A.Createmorejobs.B.Improvetheairquality.C.Closesomebusinesses.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Thistownisahealthyplacetolivein.Therearemanytrees,andtheairqualityisgood.Iguessthat’sbecausethereisn’talotofindustry.W:Yeah.Butnoindustrymeansnojobs.Itisdifficulttofindworkaroundhere.Thecityshouldbringmorebusinesseshere.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirinsufficientsleep.B.Theirprettydormitory.C.Theunusualweather.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Whatanawfulmonthwearehaving!W:It’sprettybad,isn’tit?Sohotandwet.It’shardtosleepatnightinourdormitory.M:It’snotusuallythishotinthefall.Well,IthinkI’mgoingtogetsomemoreicecreaminthestore.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6.Whattimeisitwhentheconversationhappens?A.At2:50pm.B.At3:20pm.C.Around3:10pm7.Whatdoesthewomanplantodowiththepaper?A.Tonotedownthesolareclipse(日食).B.Tostopthebirdssinging.C.Toprotecthereyes.【答案】6.C7.C【解析】【原文】M:It’ssaidthat70%oftheskywillbecoveredbythebiggestsolareclipseinAmericathiscentury,butitlooksperfectlynormal.Areyousurewe’llbeabletoseeitinthisarea?W:Itisn’ttimeyet.Youhavenopatience.Theysaiditwouldbeat20minutespast3.Westillhaveanother10minutesorso.M:Isittruethatthebirdsaregoingtostopsinging?W:I’llbelieveitwhenIseeit,orrather,hearit.I’mgoingtogoandgetthepapertoseewithit.M:That’swhatyou’vebeendoingallmorning?W:Yeah,well,theysaidyoucouldgoblindlookingatitdirectly,sothisisthesafestway.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Excited.B.Upset.C.Angry9.Whatdidthewomandowell?A.Drivinguphill.B.Makingturns.C.Parking10.Whydidthewomanhitacar?A.Shefailedtousethehandbrake.B.Shedidn’tturnherhead.C.Shedrovetoofast.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【解析】【原文】M:Well,Jane.Howdidyoudoonyourdrivingtest?W:Notsowell.I’mafraid.M:Didn’tyougetyourlicense? W:No.Myscorewasonly57percent.M:Nowonderyoulooksad.Wheredidyoulosethemostpoints?W:Onethingwasnotturningmyheadbeforechangingroadsormakingturns.M:Right.Usingaturnsignalisn’tenough.Tobesafe,youhavetoglancebackoveryourshoulderinthedirectionyouwanttogo.W:Butmyparkingwasgood.I’vebeenpracticingthatalot.M:Whatwasyourworstmoment?W:Waitingonanuphillplaceforthelighttochangetogreen.M:Whathappened?W:Well,Iforgothowtousethehandbrake.Sothecarrolledbackandhitthecarbehindme.M:Thataloneprobablyfailedyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Wheredidthemanstartmakingpots?A.InIndia.B.InScotland.C.InAustria.12.Whydidthemantravelattheverybeginning?A.Topursuearomanticrelationship.B.Tofindoutwhathewasinterestedin.C.Tolearnhowtomakebeautifulpots.13.Whatcanbeknownaboutthemanafter1970?A.Hemadelargerobjectsformuseums.B.Heproducedobjectsfordomesticuse.C.Hefocusedonmakingsmallbowlsonly.【答案】11.A12.B13.B【解析】【原文】W:Now,I’mwithFrankIrvine.Frank,wereyouborninScotland?M:Actuallyno.MyfatherwasfromAustriaandIwasbornthere.W:Whendidyoustartgettinginterestedinmakingpots?M:Well,asachildIwasintoengines.ButIthinkbythetimeIwasabouttwentyIwasalreadyawarethattheremightbesomethingelseIwantedtodo.W:So,whatdidyoudo? M:Well,Istartedtraveling.Er,atfirst,tofindoutmoreaboutmyfather’sbackground,andthenIwenttotheMiddleEastandontoIndia,whereImetmywife.W:Andherfather?M:Yes.AndIwasvisitingthemquitealotandseeingherfatherworking.AndeventuallyIaskedhimifIcouldhaveago.AndthenIstartedusingvery,veryhightemperaturestoproducesomeprettyuniqueeffects.W:Andthiswasquitesometimeago?M:OhI’vebeenplayingaboutwiththissincethe1970s.Istartedwithquitesmallbowls,youknow,smallhome-usedobjects,thenIwantedtotrytomakelargerdesigns,butstillsomethingthatmightfinditswayintoahome,ratherthanamuseum.Thenin1981.Igotontotheideaofthembeingusedoutdoors,sotheygotbiggerandbigger.Andotherpeoplelikethemtoo.W:Theycertainlydo.Well,thankyouverymuchforyourcomingheretoday,Frank.M:You’rewelcome.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.WhoareGrigoriLup’sregularcustomers?A.Performers.B.Housewives.C.Businessmen.15.WhydidGrigoriLupmakesuchshoes?A.Toprotestagainsttherestrictions.B.Tomakepeoplekeepsocialdistance.C.Todrawattentionfromsocialmedia.16.WhathappenedafterGrigoriLuppostedpicturesonsocialmedia?A.Hewasteasedbyothershoemakers.B.Hegotsomeordersacrosstheworld.C.Hewasurgedtoproducedifferentstyles.17.HowlongdoesittakeGrigoriLuptomakesuchapairofshoes?A.Oneandahalfdays.B.Twodays.C.Threedays【答案】14.A15.B16.B17.B【解析】【原文】W:Whatareyoudoing,honey?M:I’mlookingatsomepicturesofsomespecialshoes. W:Whyaretheyspecial?I’dliketoknowmoreaboutit.M:Whenthepandemichit,GrigoriLup’sbusinesswasimpacted.He’sashoemakerinRomania,andhisshopreliesheavilyoncustomordersfromtheatersandoperahousesacrossthecountry,aswellastraditionalfolk-danceensembles.However,asrestrictionseasedacrossEurope,herealizedthatpeopledidn’ttakesocialdistancingseriously—sohecameupwiththelengthyshoesasawayforthemtokeeptheirdistance.W:Socantheshoesreallykeeppeopleapart?M:Yes.Iftwopeoplewearingtheshoeswerefacingeachother,therewouldbealmostameterandahalfbetweenthem.W:Sohowmanysuchshoesdidhemake?M:Mr.Luporiginallymade3pairsandpostedpicturesofthemonsocialmedia.Butsoon,hehashadordersfromaroundtheworld,andnowfeaturesseveraldifferentstylesofsocialdistancingshoesonsocialmedia.W:Howmuchdoessuchapairofshoescost?M:$115foronepair,whichtakeshimtwodaystomake.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Thelocationofeachsession.B.Theavailabilityofcoolingsystem.C.Thearrangementfortheupcomingmeeting.19.Whatdoweknowabouttheconferenceprogram?A.Thenewversionhasbeensenttoattendees.B.Amajorpresenterhasquitduetotheheat.C.There’sachangeofplantosomesessions.20.Whatactivitycanpeopledothere?A.Havedrinkswiththemanagementbesidethepool.B.Haveaprivatelunchat11:30inthediningroom.C.Havefreesnacksservedalldayinthehotelcafe.【答案】18.C19.C20.A【解析】【原文】Well,goodmorning,ladiesandgentlemen.WelcometotheCrownePlazabusinesscenteratCoogeeBeach.I’mDavidBowers,yourhostforthenexttwodays,andIjustwanttogiveyousomepracticalinformation. OK.Coffee,tea,andcolddrinksareservedalldayinthecafewhichisjustinsidethemainentrancetothehotel.Lunchisservedbetween12:00and2:30intheprivatediningroom.Thiseveningyouareinvitedtojointhemanagementfordrinksbytheswimmingpool.TheGeneralManagerusuallymakesashortwelcomespeech.I’dliketoapologizeforthetemperature.I’mafraidit’salittlewarmerthanusualinherebecausetheairconditioninginthebusinesscenterisbeingrepaired.However,theworkwillbecompletedbeforelunchtime.Right.Therearesomechangestotheconferenceprogram.Unfortunately,oneofthemainspeakershascanceledhertalkandsoacoupleofthesessionshavebeencanceledorrescheduled.Theupdatedprogramisbeingprintedatthemoment.OKnow,beforewegoforbreakfast,arethereanyquestions.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。ATheSeychelles—thatremoteislandchainoffthecoastofnorthernAfricaisheavenforscubadivers(水肺潜水).Withmorethan100islands,mostofwhichareuninhabited,andarelativelysmallamountoftouristsimpactingtheoceansandbeaches,theSeychelleshassometrulybestscubadiving.Fisherman’sCoveReefIfyou’reabeginnerdiverwholovesgentledrop-offsandseaturtles,makesureFisherman’sCoveReefisonyourscubadivingradar.Thesiteisverypopularasthere’srarelyacurrent,it’sveryshallow,andhasacolorfulreefwitheverythingfromeagleraystosmallleaffish,whichcanbeverydifficulttofindagainsttheseagrassandcoral.EnnerdaleWreckIfyoulovewreckdiving,headrightfortheEnnerdale,aBritishoiltankerthataccidentallysunkin1970.Becauseofthemedium-to-strongcurrentanddepth,it’sfordiverswithadvancedopenwatercert.They’llbeabletoswimaroundthewreck’spropellers,penetratetheframe,andlikelyseereefsharksandtheoccasionalbullshark.BaieTernayMarineParkTheshallow,protectedareaofoceanhashealthyandvariedcoral,andalivelyreef.Bothsnorkelersandbeginnerdiversarelikelytoseeseaturtlesgrazingontheseagrass,coachingreeffish,andsmalleelspokingoutofthesandyoceanfloor.AldabraAtollItdoesn’tgetmuchmoreremotethantheAldabraAtoll,aUNESCOsite.Thecoralreefcontinuesunderwater, whichmakesalltheisland’sdivesitesstunning.Advanceddiverscandodriftdivesinachannelwithachanceofseeingsharks,whilebeginnerscanstayclosertothereefs,checkingthevariousspeciesofmarinelifeintheIndianOceanofftheirmust-seelist.Theislandishometonearly100,000gianttortoises,aswellasseveralotherrarespecies21.WhyistheSeychellesknownasheavenforscubadivers?A.ItsclosedistancetonorthernAfrica.B.Thehighchancetospotthefishintheregion.C.Itsrelativelysmallnumberofinhabitedislands.D.Theeffectoftheoceansandbeachesontourism.22.WhatmakesEnnerdaleWreckappealingtodivers?A.Thechancetoseeasunkenshipundertheocean.B.Thenumeroussharksandlargemarinecreatures.C.Itsremotelocationawayfromthemainislands.D.Itsattractiontobothsnorkelersanddivers.23.Whichplaceissuitableforbothbeginnersandadvanceddivers?A.AldabraAtoll.B.EnnerdaleWreck.C.Fisherman’sCoveReef.D.BaieTernayMarinePark.【答案】21.C22.A23.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了塞舌尔群岛几个著名的水肺潜水景点。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“TheSeychelles—thatremoteislandchainoffthecoastofnorthernAfricaisheavenforscubadivers(水肺潜水).Withmorethan100islands,mostofwhichareuninhabited,andarelativelysmallamountoftouristsimpactingtheoceansandbeaches,theSeychelleshassometrulybestscubadiving.(塞舌尔群岛——远离北非海岸的偏远岛链，是潜水者的天堂。塞舌尔有100多个岛屿，其中大部分无人居住，影响海洋和海滩的游客相对较少，这里有一些真正最好的水肺潜水。)”可知，塞舌尔群岛的100多个岛屿中大部分无人居住，影响海洋和海滩的游客相对较少，使这里成为水肺潜水的理想场所；由此可知，有人居住的岛屿相对较少，使塞舌尔被称为水肺潜水者的天堂。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“EnnerdaleWreck”下文介绍“Ifyoulovewreckdiving,headrightfortheEnnerdale,aBritishoiltankerthataccidentallysunkin1970.Becauseofthemedium-to-strongcurrentanddepth,it’sfordiverswithadvancedopenwatercert.They’llbeabletoswimaroundthewreck’spropellers,penetratetheframe,andlikelyseereefsharksandtheoccasionalbullshark.(如果你喜欢沉船潜水，那就直奔1970年意外沉没的英国油轮Ennerdale。由于这里有中强的水流和深度，只有拥有高级开放水域证书的潜水员才能进入。他们可以在残骸的螺旋桨周围游泳，穿透框架，可能会看到礁鲨和偶尔的牛鲨。)”可知，在EnnerdaleWreck 可以在海底看到1970年意外沉没的英国油轮Ennerdale，在残骸的螺旋桨周围游泳；由此可知，有机会看到海底沉船使EnnerdaleWreck对潜水者很有吸引力。故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“AldabraAtoll”下文中的“Advanceddiverscandodriftdivesinachannelwithachanceofseeingsharks,whilebeginnerscanstayclosertothereefs,checkingthevariousspeciesofmarinelifeintheIndianOceanofftheirmust-seelist.(高级潜水员可以在通道里漂流潜水，有机会看到鲨鱼，而初学者可以呆在靠近珊瑚礁的地方，检查印度洋上必看清单上的各种海洋生物。)”可知，AldabraAtoll既适合高级潜水员，也适合初学者，高级潜水员可以在通道里漂流潜水，而初学者可以呆在靠近珊瑚礁的地方看各种海洋生物。故选A。BIt’sbeensaidofhumansthatourintelligencedistinguishesusfromtheotheranimalspecies.Still,attimeswecanbeslowonthesmalltricks.Whoknew,forexample,there’sactuallyapurposeforthatextrashoelaceholeinsneakers?Yep,that’sright—theextraholeisn’tjustthereforshow.Infact,ithasageniuspurposethatwillmakeyoursneakersalotmorecomfortable.“It’stheretostopblistersfromforming,”especiallyonthebackoftheheels,saysBecker,anoutdooradventurerinhisTikTokvideo.TodowhatBeckercallsa“heellock,”simplypushoneendoftheshoelaceintotheextrashoelaceholeonthesameside,andpullitmostofthewaythrough,leavingasmallloop(圈，环).Dothesameontheotherside.Thenfittheendofeachlaceintotheoppositeloop,pulltightand,finally,tieyourlaceslikeyounormallywould.Thisloop-basedlockwill“lockthatshoearoundthatheel…tostopitfrommovingaround”againstthebackoftheshoe.Theresult:nofriction(摩擦),noblisters!EvencelebrityfootsurgeonBradSchaeffer,seemedpleasantlysurprisedbyBecker’sfinding.Ordinarily,Dr.Schaeffertiesthetoplacesinwhathereferstoasa“typicalcrisscross(十字形的)manner.”However,afterwatchingthevideo,heplanstoswitchtothistrick,notingthatitworksnotonlybykeepingtheheelinplacebutalsobyfasteningthetopofthefoot.“Frictionisthemaincauseforblisters,”heexplains.“Andwhenyoucansupportthefootbycuppingtheheelandholdingtheforefootinplaceinthisway,youcanpreventthisfriction.”Turnsoutthatextrashoelaceholeoffersyetanotherbenefit.Someparentsareusingtheheel-lockmethodtoteachtheirkidshowtotietheirownshoes.“Thisisasuper-easywaytoteachyourkidstotietheirshoes,”Dr.Barnettsaid,becauseitdoesn’tinvolveholdingontolooseloopsandthereforerequireslesscoordination.“Andassumingagoodfit,it’safinewaytotieyourshoesfortherestofyourlife.”24.Whatistheprimarypurposeoftheextrashoelaceholeinsneakers?A.Itallowsforquickerandeasiershoeremoval.B.Itprovidesadditionalsupporttothefootarch. C.Itservesasadditionaldecorationfortheshoes.D.Ithelpspreventblistersonthebackoftheheels.25.Howdoesthe“heellock”methodwork?A.Ittightensthelacesaroundthetoes.B.Itsecurestheshoearoundtheankle.C.Itstopstheshoetonguefrommoving.D.Ithelpswiththeoverallfitoftheshoe.26.WhichofthefollowingwillDr.Schaefferprobablyagreewith?A.Frictionisnotasignificantfactorincausingblisters.B.Thecrisscrossmethodisthemosteffectivewaytotieshoes.C.The“heellock”methodsecuresboththeheelandthetopofthefoot.D.Looseloopsareessentialforteachingkidstotietheirshoeseffectively.27.Whichcolumnisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.KnowledgeB.HolidaysC.Science.D.Parenting【答案】24.D25.B26.C27.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了运动鞋上多出来的鞋带洞能使运动鞋更加舒适。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中““It’stheretostopblistersfromforming,”especiallyonthebackoftheheels,saysBecker(贝克尔说：“这是为了防止水泡的形成”特别是在高跟鞋的后面)”可知，运动鞋鞋带多出来的洞有助于防止脚后跟起水泡。故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thisloop-basedlockwill“lockthatshoearoundthatheel…tostopitfrommovingaround”againstthebackoftheshoe.(这种环形锁将“锁住鞋跟周围的鞋子……防止它在鞋子后面移动”。)”可知，“脚后跟锁定”的方法能把鞋子固定在脚踝上，故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Dr.Schaeffertiesthetoplacesinwhathereferstoasa“typicalcrisscross(十字形的)manner.”However,afterwatchingthevideo,heplanstoswitchtothistrick,notingthatitworksnotonlybykeepingtheheelinplacebutalsobyfasteningthetopofthefoot.“Frictionisthemaincauseforblisters,”heexplains.“Andwhenyoucansupportthefootbycuppingtheheelandholdingtheforefootinplaceinthisway,youcanpreventthisfriction.”(Schaeffer医生系鞋带的方式是“典型的交叉方式”，然而，在观看视频后，他计划转向这个技巧，注意到它不仅通过保持脚后跟在适当的位置，而且通过固定脚的顶部。“摩擦是水泡的主要原因，”他解释说。“当你可以通过托起脚后跟来支撑脚的时候，你就可以防止这种摩擦。”)”可推知，Schaeffer医生认为“脚后跟锁定”的方法 不仅通过保持脚后跟在适当的位置，而且固定脚的顶部。由此可推知，他可能会同意C项“‘脚后跟锁定’的方法能固定脚跟和脚的顶部。”这样的观点，故选C。【27题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Whoknew,forexample,there’sactuallyapurposeforthatextrashoelaceholeinsneakers?Yep,that’sright—theextraholeisn’tjustthereforshow.Infact,ithasageniuspurposethatwillmakeyoursneakersalotmorecomfortable.(比如说，谁知道运动鞋上多出来的鞋带洞是有目的的呢？是的，没错，多出来的洞不只是摆设。事实上，它有一个天才的用途，将使您的运动鞋更舒适。)”可知，文章主要介绍了运动鞋上多出来的鞋带洞能使运动鞋更加舒适，这是在科普一些知识，由此可推知，本文可能选自“知识”专栏，故选A。CCookie-consent(准许)pop-upsareoneofthebiggestannoyancesontheInternet.Almosteverysiteyouvisithasanoticesaying,“Thiswebsiteusescookiestoimproveyourexperience.Doyouagree?”Typically,weclick“yes”or“agree”withouteventhinkingaboutitbecausewe’reeagertogettothecontent.Butshouldwe?Notnecessarily.Cookiesareessentiallyinformationcollectorsandtrackersintheformofsmalltextfilesstoredonyourbrowserbythesitesyouvisit.Someareuseful.Forexample,acookiesavedonyourbrowsermakesitsoyoudon’thavetore-enteryourlog-ininformationeverytimeyouvisitoneofyourfavoritewebsites.Cookiescanalsorememberyourshoppingpreferencessothatyougetapersonalizedexperiencewhenyouvisitthewebsite.Others,however,trackhowyouuseawebsite,howoftenyougothere,yourIPaddress,yourphonenumber,whattypesofthingsyoulookatandbuy,andotherinformationyoumaynotwanttoshare.Manycompanieshaveyouclick“yes”tofollowcurrentprivacylaws.Thismeansthatonceyouclick,you’vegiventhecompanypermissiontouseyourinformationastheyseefitwithouttheworryoflegalobjections.Mostofthetime,cookiesarenobigdeal.Thereareafewoccasions,though,whereyoushoulddeclinecookies.Don’tworry——ifyoufindyourselfinasituationwhereyouneedtodeclineorsimplywanttodeclineforwhateverreason,mostwebsiteswillworkjustfinewithoutcollectingyourinformation.Withthatsaid,here’swhensayingnotothecookiesisagoodidea.Bewarewhenyou’reonanunencrypted(未加密的)website(thesewebsiteswillhaveanunlockedlockiconbythewebaddress)whileusingapublicWi-Finetwork.Theinformationcollectedbycookiescanbeintercepted(拦截)byhackersbecausethereisn’tanysecuritytostopthem.YourbestbetwhenborrowingWi-Fifromyourlocalcoffeeshopistouseyourbrowser’sprivatemode.Whileinthismode,cookiesaren’tcollected,nomatterwhereyourInternetjourneystakeyou. 28.Whatistheinitialfunctionofcookiesonwebsites?A.Enhancingthesecurityofuserdata.B.Displayingpop-upinformationtousers.C.Trackingwebsitetrafficforanalyticalpurposes.D.Storinginformationforpersonalizedexperiences.29.Whydomanycompaniesseekconsentfromuserstousecookies?A.Toprovideaconvenientbrowsingexperience.B.Toensuretheyfollowprivacylawsandregulations.C.Toimprovetheoverallbrowsingexperienceforusers.D.Topreventunauthorizedaccesstousers’personaldata.30.What’stheriskofusingcookiesonunsecuredwebsites?A.Limitedaccesstopersonalizedcontent.B.Inefficiencyinprocessinguserrequests.C.Slowerwebsiteloadingtimesandlimitedfeatures.D.Increasedexposuretounauthorizeddatacollection.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.DosandDon’tsofOnlineConsents.B.CautiousaboutCookiePop-ups.C.ProtectingYourPrivacyOnline.D.TheFunctionofCookies.【答案】28.D29.B30.D31.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。Cookie基本上是以小文本文件的形式存储在浏览器中的信息收集器和跟踪器。文章主要介绍了Cookie准入弹出窗口是互联网上最大的烦恼之一，对此我们应该谨慎使用。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Cookiesareessentiallyinformationcollectorsandtrackersintheformofsmalltextfilesstoredonyourbrowserbythesitesyouvisit.(Cookie基本上是以小文本文件的形式存储在浏览器中的信息收集器和跟踪器，这些文件由您访问的网站提供。)”和“Cookiescanalsorememberyourshoppingpreferencessothatyougetapersonalizedexperiencewhenyouvisitthewebsite.(Cookies还可以记住你的购物偏好，这样当你访问网站时就可以获得个性化的体验。)”可知，Cookie在网站上的初始功能是为个性化体验存储信息。故选D。29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Manycompanieshaveyouclick“yes”tofollowcurrentprivacylaws.Thismeansthatonceyouclick,you’vegiventhecompanypermissiontouseyourinformationastheyseefitwithouttheworryoflegalobjections.(许多公司让你点击“是”来遵守现行的隐私法。这意味着一旦你点击了，你就给了公司使用你的信息的权限，而不用担心法律上的反对。)”可知，许多公司为了确保自己能遵守隐私法和规章制度，他们要征得用户的同意才能使用cookies，故选B。 【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Bewarewhenyou’reonanunencrypted(未加密的)website(thesewebsiteswillhaveanunlockedlockiconbythewebaddress)whileusingapublicWi-Finetwork.Theinformationcollectedbycookiescanbeintercepted(拦截)byhackersbecausethereisn’tanysecuritytostopthem.(当你使用公共Wi-Fi网络的时候，要小心使用未加密的网站（这些网站的网址旁边有一个解锁的锁图标）。Cookie收集的信息可能被黑客拦截，因为没有任何安全措施来阻止他们。)”可知，在不安全的网站上使用Cookies，Cookie收集的信息可能被黑客拦截，由此可推知，在不安全的网站上使用cookies会增加未经授权的数据收集的风险，故选D。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Cookie-consent(准许)pop-upsareoneofthebiggestannoyancesontheInternet.(Cookie-准入弹出窗口是互联网上最大的烦恼之一。)”和第三段“Manycompanieshaveyouclick“yes”tofollowcurrentprivacylaws.Thismeansthatonceyouclick,you’vegiventhecompanypermissiontouseyourinformationastheyseefitwithouttheworryoflegalobjections.Mostofthetime,cookiesarenobigdeal.Thereareafewoccasions,though,whereyoushoulddeclinecookies.Don’tworry——ifyoufindyourselfinasituationwhereyouneedtodeclineorsimplywanttodeclineforwhateverreason,mostwebsiteswillworkjustfinewithoutcollectingyourinformation.Withthatsaid,here’swhensayingnotothecookiesisagoodidea.(许多公司让你点击“是”来遵守现行的隐私法。这意味着一旦你点击了，你就给了公司使用你的信息的权限，而不用担心法律上的反对。大多数时候，cookies没什么大不了的。但是，在一些情况下，您应该拒绝cookie。不要担心——如果你发现自己处在一个需要拒绝或者仅仅想要拒绝的情况下，不管什么原因，大多数网站在不收集你的信息的情况下都会运行得很好。也就是说，拒绝cookie是个好主意。)”可知，文章主要介绍了Cookie准入弹出窗口是互联网上最大的烦恼之一，对此我们应该谨慎使用，B项“对Cookie弹出窗口持谨慎态度。”适合作文章标题，故选B。DEarlierstudiessuggestedthatfatiguefromvirtualmeetingsstemsfrommentaloverload,butnewresearchfromAaltoUniversityshowsthatsleepinessduringvirtualmeetingsmightactuallybearesultofmentalunderloadandboredom.“Iexpectedtofindthatpeoplegetstressedinremotemeetings.Buttheresultwastheopposite——especiallythosewhowerenotengagedintheirworkquicklybecamedrowsyduringremotemeetings,“saysAssistantProfessorNiinaNurmi,wholedthestudy.Theresearchersmeasuredheartratevariabilityduringvirtualmeetingsandface-to-facemeetings,examiningdifferenttypesoffatigueexperiencesamong44knowledgeworkersacrossnearly400meetings.TheteamatAalto collaboratedwithresearchersattheFinnishInstituteofOccupationalHealth,wherestressandrecoveryarestudiedusingheartratemonitors.“Weshadowedeachsubjectfortwoworkdays,recordingalleventswithtimestamps,tofindoutthesourcesofhumanphysiologicalresponses,”Nurmisays.Thestudyalsoincludedaquestionnairetoidentifypeople’sgeneralattitudeandworkengagement.”Theformatofameetinghadlittleeffectonpeoplewhowerehighlyengagedandenthusiasticabouttheirwork.Theywereabletostayactiveevenduringvirtualmeetings.Ontheotherhand,workerswhoseworkengagementwaslowandwhowerenotveryenthusiasticabouttheirworkfoundvirtualmeetingsverytiring.“It’seasiertomaintainfocusinface-to-facemeetingsthanvirtualones,asthelatterhavelimitedcognitivecuesandsensoryinput.“Especiallywhencamerasareoff,theparticipantisleftunder-stimulatedandmaystarttocompensatebymultitasking,”Nurmiexplains.Althoughanappropriatelevelofstimulationisgenerallybeneficialforthebrain,multitaskingduringvirtualmeetingsisproblematic.Onlyhighlyautomatedtasks,suchaswalking,canbeproperlycarriedoutduringavirtualmeeting.“Walkingandotherautomatedactivitiescanboostyourenergylevelsandhelpyoutoconcentrateonthemeeting.Butifyou’retryingtofocusontwothingsthatrequirecognitiveattentionsimultaneously,youcan’thearifsomethingimportantishappeninginthemeeting.Alternatively,youhavetoconstantlyswitchbetweentasks.It’sreallytaxingforthebrain,”Nurmisays.32.HowdoesNiinaNurmifeelabouttheresultoftheresearch?A.Confused.B.Confident.C.Surprised.D.Optimistic.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shadowed”inparagraph3mean?A.Observed.B.Interviewed.C.Employed.D.Analyzed.34.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Limitedsensoryinputincreasesstimulation.B.Turningoffcamerasbooststaskswitching.C.Automatedtasksstimulateconstantswitches.D.Toolittlestimulationcancausemultitasking.35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Howremotemeetingsdifferfromface-to-faceones.B.Whycognitiveattentioninvirtualmeetingsdecreases.C.Whatroleaperson’spersonalityplaysinremotemeetings.D.Wheretheproblemwiththepresentmeetingformatslies.【答案】32.C33.A34.D35.B【解析】【导语】 本文是说明文。文章主要讲述新研究表明虚拟会议期间的困倦的原因实际上可能是精神负荷不足和无聊的结果【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段内容““Iexpectedtofindthatpeoplegetstressedinremotemeetings.Buttheresultwastheopposite——especiallythosewhowerenotengagedintheirworkquicklybecamedrowsyduringremotemeetings,“saysAssistantProfessorNiinaNurmi,wholedthestudy.(“我预料到会发现人们在远程会议中感到压力。但结果恰恰相反——尤其是那些没有投入工作的人在远程会议期间很快就会昏昏欲睡，”领导这项研究的助理教授尼娜·努尔米(NiinaNurmi)说。)”可推断，尼娜·努尔米对于研究结果是吃惊的。故选C。【33题详解】词句猜测题。根据下文“recordingalleventswithtimestamps,tofindoutthesourcesofhumanphysiologicalresponses(用时间戳记录所有事件，以找出人类生理反应的来源)”可推断，“我们”观察个体并记录，为了弄清楚他们的生理反应。划线词与A项“观察”意思相近。故选A。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Especiallywhencamerasareoff,theparticipantisleftunder-stimulatedandmaystarttocompensatebymultitasking(尤其是当摄像头关闭时，参与者受到的刺激不足，可能会开始用多任务处理来弥补。)”可知，太少的刺激会导致多任务处理。故选D。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Earlierstudiessuggestedthatfatiguefromvirtualmeetingsstemsfrommentaloverload,butnewresearchfromAaltoUniversityshowsthatsleepinessduringvirtualmeetingsmightactuallybearesultofmentalunderloadandboredom.(早期的研究表明，虚拟会议带来的疲劳源于精神负荷过重，但阿尔托大学的新研究表明，虚拟会议期间的困倦实际上可能是精神负荷不足和无聊的结果)”以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了虚拟会议期间的困倦的原因实际上可能是精神负荷不足和无聊的结果，分析了虚拟会议期间认真注意力降低的原因。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whichbrandofchocolatechipmakesthebesttastingcookies?Isthetreeoutsideyourwindowcausingyourrunnynose?Ifyouwanttoanswerquestionslikethese,you’llprobablyneedtodosometesting.____36____.Inordertofigureouttherealanswerstosuchquestions,you’llneedtotestyourideasinafairway.Theconsiderationsthatgointomaking“everyday”testsfairarethesameonesusedinscientificexperiments.Comparingoutcomes.Tobeconfidentintestresults,it’sgenerallyimportanttohavesomethingtocomparethemto.So,forexample,inyourcookietest,you’dwanttoactuallycomparebatches(批次)ofcookiesmadewithdifferentbrandsofchocolatechips.___37___—justtomakesurethatthechocolatechipsarereallymakinga differenceinthecookies’taste.Inexperiments,whateveryouarecomparingyourtestresultstoissometimescalledthecontrolgroup.Butdon’tconfusethecontrolgroupwith…Controllingvariables.___38___.Isitreallythechocolatechipbrand,andnotthebakingtemperature,thatmakesonecookietastebetterthananother?Therefore,you’llneedtocontrolvariables—thatis,trytokeepeverythingaboutthetestcomparisonsthesame,exceptforthevariablesyou’reinterestedin.Avoidingbias.Nomatterhowhardwehumanstrytobeobjective,biascansneakintoourobservationsandjudgments.Forexample,yourcookietastersmightbehungryandsothefirstcookietheyeatcouldseemtastiertothemthantherest.Toavoidsuchpotentialsourcesofbias,you’dwanttosetupthetestsothatdifferenttesterstastethecookiesindifferentorders.____39____.Distinguishingchancefromrealdifferences.Allsortsofsubtlethingsthatyoueitherdon’torcannotcontrolcanaffecttheoutcomeofatest.Somecookiesinabatchmighthavewoundupwithafewlesschocolatechipsthanothers.Theovenmighthaveheatedunevenlyandburntafewcookies.___40___—butinsmallways.Sohowtoavoidthis?Samplesizeisimportant.Thelargeryoursamplesize,themorelikelyitisclosetothefact.A.ButalltestsarenotcreatedequalB.ComponentsofthetestingshouldbeadjustedC.AlloftheserandomfactorswillaffecttheoutcomeofthetestD.YoumightalsowanttomakeabatchwithoutanychocolatechipsatallE.YoucouldalsolabelyourcookiebatcheswithlettersinsteadofbrandnamesF.SuchfactorsshouldalsobeconsideredwhendatacollectedarebeinganalyzedG.Inmosttests,wewanttobeconfidentintherelationshipbetweencauseandeffect【答案】36.A37.D38.G39.E40.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何公正有效地进行科学实验和日常测试。【36题详解】根据下文“Inordertofigureouttherealanswerstosuchquestions,you’llneedtotestyourideasinafairway(为了找出这些问题的真正答案，你需要以公平的方式测试你的想法)”可推理出上文说的是并非所有的测试都是公平的，与A项“Butalltestsarenotcreatedequal(但并非所有测试都是平等的)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。【37题详解】根据下文“justtomakesurethatthechocolatechipsarereallymakingadifferenceinthecookies’taste.(只是为了确保巧克力片真的能改变饼干的味道。)”可推理出上文说的是制作一批不含巧克力片的，与D项“You mightalsowanttomakeabatchwithoutanychocolatechipsatall(你可能还想做一批根本不含巧克力片的)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。【38题详解】根据下文“Therefore,you’llneedtocontrolvariables(因此，您需要控制变量)”可知下文说的是与因果关系有关的变量控制，可推理出上文说的是对测试中的因果关系有信心，与G项“Inmosttests,wewanttobeconfidentintherelationshipbetweencauseandeffect(在大多数测试中，我们希望对因果关系充满信心)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。【39题详解】根据上文“Toavoidsuchpotentialsourcesofbias,you’dwanttosetupthetestsothatdifferenttesterstastethecookiesindifferentorders.(为了避免这种潜在的偏见来源，你需要设置测试，让不同的测试人员按照不同的顺序品尝饼干。)”可知此处上下文说的是为了避免潜在的偏见而采取的措施，分析待选项，E项“Youcouldalsolabelyourcookiebatcheswithlettersinsteadofbrandnames(你也可以用字母而不是品牌名称来标记你的饼干批次)”表达的含义符合语境，故选E项。【40题详解】根据上文“Somecookiesinabatchmighthavewoundupwithafewlesschocolatechipsthanothers.Theovenmighthaveheatedunevenlyandburntafewcookies.(一批饼干中的一些饼干可能比其他饼干少了几块巧克力片。烤箱可能受热不均，烧焦了一些饼干。)”可知此处上下文说的是影响测试结果的随机因素，与C项“Alloftheserandomfactorswillaffecttheoutcomeofthetest(所有这些随机因素都会影响测试结果)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Keepstaring!Imightdoa___41___!”That’sthemessageonaTshirtofmine.PeoplestareatmeallthetimesoIthoughtthisshirtwouldbefunny.See,I’madwarf(侏儒).Mostofthetimepeoplearen’ttryingtobe___42___theyjusthaven’tseenmanydwarfslikemebefore.Ican___43___that,butIalsowanttoletthemknowthatIseethemstaring.Iwasbornwithachondroplasia(软骨发育不全症),themost___44___formofdwarfism.Rightnow,Iamalmostfourfeettallandthat’s___45___astallasI’mgoingtoget.I’mnotgoingtopretendmyheightisn’ta___46___.Itislightswitchesand___47___areusuallytoohighforme.Ittakesmealmostthreestepsto___48___onestepofanaveragesizeadultandmymomhastoshortenalmost allofmy___49___.Buteveryonefaceschallenges.Youhavetofacethemwithagoodattitude.So,Ihavealongbarbecueforkto____50____thingsfromshelvesanddriveacarwiththehelpofpedal____51____.Ifallelsefails,Iaskforthings.ThewayIseeit,Icandojustabout____52____thatanaveragesizepersoncando.I’llneverplayprofessionalsports,butIhavenoproblem____53____mylimits.Itmaytakemelongeranditmaybeharder,butIcanstilldoit.Myshirtshowspeoplethe____54____meakidwithasenseofhumor.Andmaybethat’sthetrickshowingothersthatI’mjustlikethem.I’mjustshorter,butI’m____55____ofwhoIam.41.A.favorB.magicC.trickD.survey42.A.rudeB.niceC.indifferentD.hospitable43.A.avoidB.evaluateC.appreciateD.object44.A.commonB.specialC.scaryD.outstanding45.A.hardlyB.particularlyC.awfullyD.practically46.A.challengeB.symbolC.milestoneD.barrier47.A.starsB.ceilingC.countersD.ladders48.A.breakawayfromB.keepupwithC.drawbackD.bringalong49.A.legsB.stepsC.pantsD.distance50.A.pulldownB.pickupC.dragalongD.stabinto51.A.brakesB.extensionsC.devicesD.stands52.A.somethingB.littleC.anythingD.enough53.A.adjustingB.changingC.perfectingD.testing54.A.tallB.differentC.strongD.real55.A.ashamedB.awareC.capableD.proud【答案】41.C42.A43.C44.A45.D46.A47.C48.B49.C50.A51.B52.C53.D54.D55.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了作者是一个侏儒，经常会有人盯着他看，他觉得这件事很有趣，所以做了一件印有“继续凝视吧！我可能会表演一个戏法！”字样的T恤。他的T恤向人们展示了他幽默的一面，他希望通过这个方式向他人表明自己与他们一样，只是身材矮一些，但仍然对自己感到自豪。【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“继续盯着看！我可能会表演一个戏法！”这是我的一件T恤上的信息。A.favor好意；B.magic魔法；C.trick戏法；D.survey调查。根据后文“See,I’madwarf(侏儒)”以及最后一段中“Myshirtshowspeoplethe___14___meakidwithasenseofhumor.Andmaybethat’sthetrickshowingothersthatI’mjustlikethem.”可知，虽然作者是一个侏儒，但是真实的作者是一个有着幽默感的人，这份幽默感就是作者向别人展示自己和他们一样的诀窍。所以作者给自己的T恤上写着“继续盯着看！我可能会表演一个戏法！”。故选C。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数时候，人们并不是有意无礼，他们只是没见过像我这样的小矮人。A.rude粗鲁的，无礼的；B.nice友好的；C.indifferent漠不关心的；D.hospitable好客的。根据“Peoplestareatmeallthetime”可知，人们总是盯着作者看，因为他们没有见过像作者一样的小矮人，所以他们并非是有意的无礼。故选A。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能理解，但我也想让他们知道我看到他们在盯着我看。A.avoid避免；B.evaluate评价；C.appreciate欣赏，理解；D.object反对。根据“Mostofthetimepeoplearen’ttryingtobe___2___theyjusthaven’tseenmanydwarfslikemebefore.”可知，人们总是盯着作者看，因为他们只是没见过像作者这样的小矮人，所以作者对他们的粗鲁无礼是理解的。故选C。【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我出生时患有软骨发育不全，这是侏儒症最常见的一种。A.common普通的；B.special特殊的；C.scary恐怖的；D.outstanding杰出的。根据“Iwasbornwithachondroplasia”可知，此处表示作者天生就患有软骨发育不全，这是最常见的侏儒症。故选A。【45题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，我差不多有四英尺高了，这几乎是我能达到的最高高度了。A.hardly几乎不；B.particularly特别地；C.awfully极其；D.practically几乎，实际地。根据“Iamalmostfourfeettall”可知，作者差不多有四英尺高了，这几乎是作者能达到的最高高度了。故选D。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不会假装我的身高不是一个挑战。A.challenge挑战；B.symbol象征；C.milestone里程碑；D.barrier障碍。根据“Itislightswitchesand___7___areusuallytoohighforme.”可知，灯开关和计数器通常对作者来说太高了，所以作者会正视自己身高不够高，这是一个巨大的挑战即不会假装自己的身高不是一个挑战。故选A。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：灯开关和柜台通常对我来说太高了。A.stars星星；B.ceiling天花板；C. counters柜台；D.ladders梯子。根据“Itislightswitches”可知，此处表示灯的开关以及柜台对作者来说太高了。故选C。【48题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我几乎要走三步才能跟上一个普通大小成年人的一步，我妈妈不得不缩短我几乎所有的裤子。A.breakawayfrom摆脱；B.keepupwith跟上；C.drawback退缩；D.bringalong带着。根据“onestepofanaveragesizeadult”可知，作者几乎要走三步才能跟上一个普通大小的成年人的一步。故选B。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.legs腿；B.steps步骤；C.pants裤子；D.distance距离。根据“hastoshortenalmost”可知，此处表示因为作者身高太过矮小，所以妈妈不得不缩短她的裤子。故选C。【50题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以，我有一把长的烧烤叉可以从货架上拉下物品，并且在踏板延长器的帮助下开车。A.pulldown拉下来；B.pickup拾起；C.dragalong拖着；D.stabinto刺进。根据“fromshelves”可知，作者有一把长的烧烤叉可以从货架上拉下物品。故选A。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.brakes刹车；B.extensions延伸；C.devices设备；D.stands支架。根据“withthehelpofpedal”可知，由于作者身高的限制，腿比较短，所以需要在踏板延长器的帮助下开车。故选B。【52题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，我能做一个普通身材的人能做的任何事情。A.something某事/某物；B.little一点；C.anything任何事物；D.enough足够。根据“thatanaveragesizepersoncando”可知，作者虽然是侏儒症，但是却能做一个普通身材的人能做的任何事情。故选C。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我永远不会参加职业运动，但我可以测试自己的极限。A.adjusting调整；B.changing改变；C.perfecting完善；D.testing测试。根据“mylimits.Itmaytakemelongeranditmaybeharder,butIcanstilldoit.”可知，作者不会参加职业运动，但是会测试自己的极限，虽然挑战极限花费很多时间，但是作者是能够做到的。故选D。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的衬衫展示给人们真实的我，一个有幽默感的孩子。A.tall高的；B.different不同的；C.strong强壮的；D.real真实的。根据前文““Keepstaring!Imightdoa___1___!”That’sthemessageonaTshirtofmine.”以及后文的“withasenseofhumor ”可知，虽然作者是侏儒症，作者的T恤上写着的内容即“继续凝视吧！我可能会表演一个戏法！”这是作者T恤上的信息，该内容一个真实的作者——一个有着幽默感的孩子。故选D。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只是矮了点，但我为自己感到骄傲。A.ashamed羞愧的；B.aware意识到的；C.capable有能力的；D.proud自豪的。根据“but”可知，此处前后句构成转折关系，即虽然作者是侏儒，但是作者并未感到自卑而是感到骄傲。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheSpace-TimePainter,writtenbyChinesewriterHaiYa,wontheHugoAwardforBestNoveletteatthe81stWorldScienceFictionConvention(WorldCon)___56___(hold)inthesouthwesternChinesecityofChengdu.HaibecamethethirdChinese___57___(win)oftheHugoAward,followingsci-fiwritersLiuCixinandHaoJingfang.TheSpace-TimePainterwaspublishedin2022.It___58___(inspire)bythelifeexperienceofthe___59___(talent)ChinesepainterWangXimengduringtheNorthernSongperiod(960-1127),whocreatedthe12-meter-longlandscapepainting“OneThousandLiofRiversandMountains.”Inthisstory,Haididhisbest___60___(balance)therelationshipbetweenstory,charactersandhistory,hopingtobringreadersamaturework.Hesaidthat___61___notabigcategory,historicalsci-fihasalwaysbeenthere.Hai,alsoafinancialworker,thinkshimselfmore___62___asci-fienthusiastthanawriter.“Iwritewhiledoingmyjob,soIhaveverylittletimetowriteeveryday,”hesaid.“ButIthinkaslongasIloveitandamwillingtoputeffortsinit,Iwillseehopesand___63___dawn”.TheHugoAwardsarethemostprestigiousawardsofsciencefictions.Itwasfirstpresentedin1953andpresented___64___(annual)since1955.TheHugoAwardsarevotedonbymembersoftheWorldScienceFictionConvention,___65___isalsoresponsibleforadministeringthem.【答案】56.held57.winner58.wasinspired59.talented60.tobalance61.although##though62.of63.the64.annually65.which 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。由中国作家海涯创作的《时空画师》在中国西南城市成都举行的第81届世界科幻大会上获得雨果奖最佳短中篇小说奖，他成为继科幻作家刘慈欣和郝景芳之后第三位获得雨果奖的中国作家。【56题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由中国作家海涯创作的《时空画师》在中国西南城市成都举行的第81届世界科幻大会上获得雨果奖最佳短中篇小说奖。句中有谓语won，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰the81stWorldScienceFictionConvention(WorldCon)，且二者之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填held。【57题详解】考查名词。句意：海成为继科幻作家刘慈欣和郝景芳之后第三位获得雨果奖的中国作家。此处应用名词winner作表语，由thethird可知，此处表示第三位中国作家，应用单数，故填winner。【58题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：它的灵感来自于中国天才画家王希孟在北宋时期(960-1127)的生活经历，他创作了12米长的山水画《千里江山图》。此处在句中作谓语，描述过去发生的事，且主语it和动词inspire是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填wasinspired。59题详解】考查形容词。句意：它的灵感来自于中国天才画家王希孟在北宋时期(960-1127)的生活经历，他创作了12米长的山水画《千里江山图》。此处应用形容词talented作定语，修饰名词painter，故填talented。【60题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这个故事中，海尽力平衡故事、人物和历史之间的关系，希望给读者带来一部成熟的作品。doone’sbesttodosth.固定搭配，意为“尽力做某事”，故填tobalance。【61题详解】考查状语从句。句意：他说，尽管历史科幻小说不是一个很大的类别，但它一直存在。此处表示“尽管”，应用although/though引导让步状语从句，although/thoughnotabigcategory是状语从句的省略，省略了同主句相同的主语historicalsci-fi以及be动词is，故填although/though。【62题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：海，也是一名金融工作者，他认为自己更是一个科幻爱好者而不是作家。thinkoneselfof固定搭配，意为“认为自己是……”。故填of。【63题详解】考查冠词。句意：但是我认为只要我热爱它并且愿意付出努力，我就会看到希望和曙光。seethe dawn固定搭配，意为“看到曙光”，此处表示特指，应用定冠词，故填the。【64题详解】考查副词。句意：它于1953年首次亮相，自1955年起每年亮相一次。此处应用副词annually作状语，修饰动词presented，故填annually。【65题详解】考查定语从句。句意：雨果奖由世界科幻大会的成员投票选出，该大会也负责管理这些奖项。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词theWorldScienceFictionConvention，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导定语从句，故填which。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66.假定你是李华，写信给留学生朋友James，告知他国际学生服务中心（InternationalStudentsServiceCenter）正面向留学生开展主题为MyChinaSurprise的短视频征集活动，内容包括：1.活动介绍；2.视频要求；3.鼓励参加。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearJames,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours.LiHua【答案】Onepossibleversion:DearJames,Goodnews!TheInternationalStudentsServiceCenterisorganizingavideoshootingcontestthemed“MyChinaSurprise”,andIstronglyrecommendyougiveitashot.AllforeignstudentslivinginChinaarewelcometosharetheirunexpectedadventures,surprisingmomentsandculturalrevelationsthroughthelens.Therearenostrictrestrictionsonthetopics,allowingparticipantsamplefreedomtocapturewhatevertheyfindcaptivatingandintriguing.SubmissionisopenuntilJan.15th,2024,andthereareveryexcitingprizesawaitingthewinners.Consideringyourcolorfullife,singularcreativityand considerableexpertiseinphotography,yourvideowilldefinitelymakeaverycompetitiveentry.I’mlookingforwardtoyourexcellentperformanceinthecontest!Bestwishes!YoursLiHua【解析】【导语】本文为应用文。假定你是李华，写信给留学生朋友James，告知他国际学生服务中心（InternationalStudentsServiceCenter）正面向留学生开展主题为MyChinaSurprise的短视频征集活动，内容包括：1. 活动介绍；2. 视频要求；3. 鼓励参加。【详解】1.词汇积累竞赛：contest→competition尝试一下：giveitashot→haveatry足够的：ample→enough肯定：definitely→surely2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：AllforeignstudentslivinginChinaarewelcometosharetheirunexpectedadventures,surprisingmomentsandculturalrevelationsthroughthelens. 拓展句：AllforeignstudentswholiveinChinaarewelcometosharetheirunexpectedadventures,surprisingmomentsandculturalrevelationsthroughthelens. 【点睛】【高分句型1】TheInternationalStudentsServiceCenterisorganizingavideoshootingcontestthemed“MyChinaSurprise”,andIstronglyrecommendyougiveitashot.(运用了非谓语动词作后置定语和省略that引导的宾语从句)【高分句型2】Therearenostrictrestrictionsonthetopics,allowingparticipantsamplefreedomtocapturewhatevertheyfindcaptivatingandintriguing.(运用了whatever引导的宾语从句)第二节(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItwasahotdayinFlorida.Theschoolyearhadjustendedanditwastimeforsummervacation.WehadjustgottenalittleblackdogwhowenamedOne-Eyed.Wechosethatnamebecausehecouldonlyseeoutofoneeye.Everybodywantedtodosomethingforthedog:feedhim,teachhimtricksandtakelongwalkswithhim.Everybodywassohappytohavethisactive,playfulandshaggynewadditiontoourfamily.Everybody,thatis, exceptmymomandme.Allmymomsawwhenshelookedatthedogwassomeoneelsetocleanupafter.Shedding,messy,muddy,hepouncedalloverthehouse.AllMomseemedtocareaboutwasgettingthehousecleaned.MymombegantoputClorox(高乐氏漂白水)inthebathtub.TherewasnomessingwithMomwhenshestartedcleaning,soIdecidedtomoveoutoftheway.Actually,gettingoutofthewayisamoveI’dbeenpracticingforalongtime.Beingtheyoungestinmyfamilyhashaditsadvantages,ofcourse.MorethanafewtimesIwasspoiledoreveryonesaidIwasthecutest.Butbeingtheyoungestalsocamewithitsfairshareoftroubles.“You’retooyoung!”“You’llmessthisup!”they’doftensay.IknewthatmyfamilylovedmebutIcouldn’twaittoshowthemIcoulddothingsbymyself.EverytimeIaskedmybrotherormysisterifIcouldpetOne-Eyed,theywouldshout,“No!”ortellmethatIhadgermsandifItouchedOne-Eyedhewoulddie!Ireallybelievedthem.OnceIevenconfessedtomymomthatItouchedthedogwhennoonenoticed.Atfirst,mymomseemedveryconfusedaboutwhatIwastellingher,butthensherealized.Mymomscoldedmybrotherandsister,“Youbetterstopteasingyourlittlebrother!”Littlebrother!That’sexactlywhatIwas.Thatreallygotmybloodboiling!Secretly,Idecided,“Illshowthemwhatalittlekidcando!”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph1:Thatafternoon,Itookthedogandsneakedintothebathroom.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Ithoughtmymomwouldpunishme,butshewasjuststandingthereandlaughing.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Thatafternoon,Itookthedogandsneakedintothebathroom.“I’mgoingtogiveyouabath!”Iannounced. One-Eyedlookedatmestrangely,obviouslynotunderstandingwhatIwassaying.Itookmysister’sshampooandpouredthewholebottleintothebathtub.ThenIcoaxedthedoginandstartedscrubbingthedirtoffhimwithourtowels.However,thingsquicklygotmessy.Soapandwatersplashedeverywhere;bubblesfloatedliketiny,soapysnowflakes.One-Eyedshookhimselfvigorouslyandbarkedexcitedly,soonturningthebathroomintoawetbattleground.Itshouldhavebeenmysecretmission,butnow,itturnedintoadisaster!Panicking,Iranouttoseekhelp,onlytofindmymomatthedoor.Ithoughtmymomwouldpunishme,butshewasjuststandingthereandlaughing.“Well,well,whatdowehavehere?”shechuckled,wipingawaytearsoflaughter.Istammered,admittingeverything.Insteadofscoldingme,shebentdownandgavemeagentlehug,”Iknewyoujustwanttohelp.“Straighteningup”,shesuggested,“Nowshallwecleanupthemesstogether,youngman?”“Yes,ma’am!”Inodded.Eventhoughweneveractuallyhadaconversationaboutmybeingtheyoungest,IthinkMomunderstoodIwastryingtomakemyownplaceinourfamily.BathingthedogmightnotsoundlikeaDeclarationofIndependence,butforasix-year-old,well,itwasmybestshot.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者是家里最小的孩子，家里人都宠着作者，不让作者做任何事情。作者家里养了一条小狗，作者的哥哥姐姐不让作者碰狗，作者偷偷地决定，要让他们看看自己这个小孩子能做什么。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“那天下午，我带着狗溜进了浴室。”可知，第一段可描写作者给狗洗澡，结果弄得浴室一团糟。②由第二段首句内容“我以为我妈会惩罚我，但她只是站在那里笑。”可知，第二段可描写妈妈没有责骂作者，她理解作者是想帮忙，于是妈妈建议作者和自己一起收拾，作者感悟到给狗洗澡对一个六岁的孩子来说是成长的最好的机会。2.续写线索：走进浴室——给狗洗澡——弄得浴室一团糟——妈妈看到——妈妈理解作者——妈妈和作者一起收拾——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①宣布：announce/declare/makeanannouncement②责备：scold/reproach③结结巴巴地说：stammer/stutter情绪类①兴奋地：excitedly/withexcitement ②惊慌：panicking/panic-stricken【点睛】[高分句型1] One-Eyedlookedatmestrangely,obviouslynotunderstandingwhatIwassaying. （由连接词what引导的宾语从句）[高分句型2]Panicking,Iranouttoseekhelp,onlytofindmymomatthedoor.（由现在分词作伴随状语和onlytodo表示意料之外的结果）