适用于新高考新教材2024版高考英语二轮复习专项能力提升练阅读理解考点分类练1细节理解题1（附解析）

考点分类练(一)　细节理解题(1)(限时:25分钟)Passage1(2023广东广州一模)Summeriscoming.Areyoulookingforapart-timejob?Herearesomepossibleoptions.LifeguardAreyouastrongswimmerandagoodcommunicator?Wouldyoulikeachallenge?Wearelookingforlifeguardsforourbusysummerseason.Noexperienceisnecessaryasyouwillgettwoweeksoftrainingbeforeyoustartthejob.Aswellasbeingphysicallyfit,youneedtobeavailableforworkfromMondaytoFriday,7-11a.m.StoreassistantWearelookingforstoreassistantsforourbusygiftstore.Applicantsneedtobereliable,friendly,andenjoyspeakingtocustomers.Asecondlanguageispreferredasmanyofourcustomersaretouristsfromothercountries.Thepositionsarepart-timeandyouneedtoworkfromThursdaytoSunday,10a.m.-4p.m.FashiondesignerAreyouinterestedinthelateststyles?Areyoucreativeandgoodatart?Ifso,Dresswiseislookingforayoungpersontocreatenewlooksforourteendepartment.Thisisagreatopportunitytogainexperienceintheclothingindustry.Youwillneedtoworkfourdaysaweekandwe’llpayyouforeachdesignweuse.We’llalsogiveyousamplesofyourdesignstowear.GametesterAreyouintotechnologyandcreative?Wouldyouliketoplayandtesteducationalgamesandgetpaidforit?Thisisanexcitingpart-timejobforsomebodywholovesplayinggames.Weofferflexiblehours.Ifthisisforyou,writeadescriptionofyourfavoritegameandwhyyoulikeitinnomorethan150words.Ifyouareinterestedinanyoftheabovejobs,pleasecontactusatstudentunion@campus.com.1.Whatisasharedrequirementforthelifeguardandstoreassistant?A.Communicativeability. B.Asecondlanguage.C.Professionalexperience.D.Astrongbody.2.Whichjobcanyouapplyforifyoucanonlyworkonweekends?A.Lifeguard.B.Storeassistant.C.Fashiondesigner.D.Gametester.3.Whatcanyougetfromthejobasafashiondesigner?A.Samplesofthelateststyles.B.Paymentforeachofyourdesigns.C.Experienceinthefashionindustry.D.Chancestodesignclothesforadults.Passage2(2023福建泉州三模)StudentsatSummitElementarySchoolinButler,Pennsylvaniaaregrowingmorethantheirminds.UndertheguidanceoftheirteacherAngelaEyth,they’vecreatedaproductivegarden.“Thekidsareinchargeofeverything,”Eythsays.Eythandherstudentslaunchedthegardeningprojectin2020aftertheteacherattendedaconferenceonhowtoincludelessonsaboutfarmingintheclassroom.Thencamethegarden.With16acresofschooldistrict-ownedlandaroundtheirbuilding,therewasplentyofroom.Theprojectisnowtwoyearsold,andgoesbeyondplantingandgrowing:Eythandherfelloweducatorsstructurelessonsinscience,mathandmorearoundtheirgarden.“Whenwegrewcabbagesmystudentsnoticedsomethingwaseatingtheleaves,”Eythrecalls.“Thisledtoaninvestigationonfiguringoutwhatwaseatingitandhowtostopit:thekidsanalyzedtheevidencetheyfoundandactedasengineersincreatingwaystokeepinsectsoutofthecabbagebeds.Inthe4thgrade,weletthestudentsoutsidetoestimatethenumberofbeanpods(豆荚)theyfind.”Eythcontinues,“Peoplethinkgardeningshouldbeseparatefromcoresubjectsbutit’sfarfromthetruth.Thekids’curiositykeepsitrolling.”Thekidsalsokeeptheproducerolling—Somuchsothatwitha$70,000donationfromRemakeLearning/GrableFoundation,they’reusingthatmoneytobuildagreenhouseattheirschool.Thefundshelpthemlaunchanoutdoorclassroomandopena farmstandatBroadStreetthatbringsfreshfruits,vegetables,herbsandmoretoanareaoftheircommunitywhereaffordablefreshproduceishardtofindthere.Suchareasareoftencalled“fooddeserts.”“OurstudentsdiscoverthevalueofsharingtheirharvestwiththecommunitysurroundingnearbyBroadStreetElementarySchool,”saysEyth.“They’resoproudofwhatwe’redoinghere.”4.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?A.Topreparestudentsforcareerplanning.B.Toseeknewwaysofvegetablegrowing.C.Toallowstudentstolearnbygardening.D.Toencouragestudentstogetclosetonature.5.Whatdotheteachersdowiththeprojectatpresent?A.Expandthefarmingland.B.Integraterelevantsubjects.C.Investigateinsects’activities.D.Estimatethenumberofvegetables.6.Whatcanweknowabouttheproject?A.Itwaslaunchedbytheschoolboard.B.Itsexperiencewasintroducedataconference.C.Itbuiltagreenhouseinthe“fooddesert”areas.D.Itsproducebenefitsthecommunityaround.7.Whatdothestudentsthinkoftheproject?A.Itistiresome.B.Itrequirescreativity.C.Itisrewarding.D.Itneedsmoredonations.Passage3(2023安徽黄山二模)AteamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofGroningen,theUniversityofTuscia,Roflight,LemselobrinkandtheRoyalNetherlandsAirForcehasdesigned,builtandtestedarobotnamedRobotFalconfashionedtolookandflylikeaperegrinefalcon(游隼)asameansofdrivingoffflocks(群)ofbirdsaroundairports. Birds,whetheraloneorinflocks,areamenacetoflyingplanes.Whenaplanestrikesabird,damagewillbecaused—occasionallywithdisastrousresults.TheplanethatfamouslylandedontheHudsonRiverin2009,forexample,wasdamagedbybirdsenteringtheplane’senginesaccidentally,causingtheirfailure.Scientistshavebeenworkingonwaystopreventbirdsfromenteringflightspacesbutthusfarhavemetwithonlypartialsuccess.Currentlydrones(无人机)areusedtoscarebirdsaway,justastrainedfalconsandsystemsthatmakesoundsofbirdsingreatpain.Inthisneweffort,theresearcherstookanewapproach—theydesignedaremote-controlledflyingrobotjustlikeaperegrinefalconthatcatchesandkillsotherbirds,whichthereforetrytoavoidit.TheresultistheRobotFalcon,whichispaintedtolooklikearealperegrinefalconandispoweredbyaninternalengine.Tocapablycopytheflyingpatternsofafalcon,theresearchersstudiedtheflyingcharacteristicsofrealbirdsandthenaddedfeaturestotheirrobotbirdthatwouldallowittoflyinsimilarways.Duringfieldtests,therobotbirdscaredawayentireflocksofbirdswithinfiveminutesofarrival:onhalfoftheseflights,itwasabletoclearthefieldwithin70seconds.Theteamconductedmultipletestswiththesameflockofbirdsoverthreemonthsandfoundnohabituation—theywereafraidofitnomatterhowoftentheysawit.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“menace”inparagraph2mean?A.Wonder.B.Threat.C.Limit.D.Target.9.Whichofthefollowinghasbeenusedtoscarebirdsaway?A.Selectedwildfalcons.B.Dronesintheshapeofbirds.C.Systemsproducingbirds’bittercries.D.Speciallydesignedplaneengines.10.Whatcontributestotheresearchersselectingaperegrinefalconfortheirdesign?A.Itisscary.B.Itcanbeeasilycaught.C.ItistypicalinRoflight. D.Ithasuniqueflyingpatterns.11.Whywastherobottestedrepeatedlywiththesameflockofbirds?A.Topredictitsservicelife.B.Toimproveitsefficiency.C.Toworkoutaserviceschedule.D.Tomeasureitslong-termeffectiveness.答案：考点分类练(一)　细节理解题(1)Passage1[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个可以兼职的选择。1.A　细节理解题。通过Lifeguard部分的“Areyouastrongswimmerandagoodcommunicator?”以及Storeassistant部分的“andenjoyspeakingtocustomers”可知lifeguardandstoreassistant两个岗位都需要有很好的沟通能力。2.D　细节理解题。题目假设你只能申请在周末工作的岗位,那么可以定位每个岗位的工作时间,从Gametester部分的“Weofferflexiblehours.”得知,工作时间灵活,也就是可以选择周末工作的。3.C　细节理解题。根据Fashiondesigner部分的“Thisisagreatopportunitytogainexperienceintheclothingindustry.”可知,做时尚设计师的兼职工作,可以获得时尚业的工作经验。Passage2[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了宾夕法尼亚州巴特勒市顶峰小学的学生们通过种植花园获取了更多的知识,并帮助了周边社区,他们对自己所做的事感到骄傲。4.C　细节理解题。根据第四段的“‘Whenwegrewcabbagesmystudentsnoticedsomethingwaseatingtheleaves,’Eythrecalls.‘Thisledtoaninvestigationonfiguringoutwhatwaseatingitandhowtostopit:thekidsanalyzedtheevidencetheyfoundandactedasengineersincreatingwaystokeepinsectsoutofthecabbagebeds....’”可推知,该项目的目的是让学生通过种植学习更多的知识。5.B　细节理解题。根据第三段可知,目前老师们把该项目和其他科目整合。6.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“ThefundshelpthemlaunchanoutdoorclassroomandopenafarmstandatBroadStreetthatbringsfreshfruits,vegetables,herbsandmoretoanareaoftheircommunitywhereaffordablefreshproduceishardtofindthere.”可知,孩子们种出的农产品惠及周边的社区。 7.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,让他们发现了收获的价值,并为自己在那里所做的一切感到骄傲。由此推知,学生们认为这个项目是值得的。Passage3[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。鸟类对于飞行的飞机来说是一种威胁,为了阻止鸟类出现在机场,研究人员用像游隼一样的无人机吓跑鸟类,效果显著。8.B　词义猜测题。根据第二段第一二句“Birds,whetheraloneorinflocks,areamenacetoflyingplanes.Whenaplanestrikesabird,damagewillbecaused—occasionallywithdisastrousresults.”可知,当飞机撞上一只鸟时,会造成损害。所以鸟类对于飞行的飞机来说是一种威胁,menace意为“威胁”。9.C　细节理解题。根据第三段末句“Currentlydronesareusedtoscarebirdsaway,justastrainedfalconsandsystemsthatmakesoundsofbirdsingreatpain.”可知,产生鸟类痛苦叫声的系统被用来吓跑鸟类。10.A　推理判断题。根据第四段可知,游隼可以捕捉并杀死其他鸟类,因此这些鸟类都害怕。11.D　推理判断题。根据末段末句“Theteamconductedmultipletestswiththesameflockofbirdsoverthreemonthsandfoundnohabituation—theywereafraidofitnomatterhowoftentheysawit.”可知,机器人被反复测试是为了来衡量它的长期效果,检测看看这些鸟是不是会习以为常。词汇积累:1.(Passage1)availableadj.有空的2.(Passage1)reliableadj.可靠的,可依赖的3.(Passage1)beintosth.喜欢;对……感兴趣4.(Passage2)undertheguidanceof在……指导下5.(Passage2)recallvt.回想起6.(Passage2)figureout弄懂,搞清楚7.(Passage2)estimatevt.估计8.(Passage2)curiosityn.好奇心9.(Passage3)scareaway把……吓跑熟词生义:1.(Passage2)launchvt.开展(活动、计划等)2.(Passage3)clearvt.使(人等)离开某地长难句分析: (Passage3)TheplanethatfamouslylandedontheHudsonRiverin2009,forexample,wasdamagedbybirdsenteringtheplane’senginesaccidentally,causingtheirfailure.分析:本句为主从复合句,thatfamouslylandedontheHudsonRiverin2009为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词plane;causingtheirfailure为现在分词短语作结果状语。句意:例如,2009年在哈德逊河上降落的那架著名的飞机,就是被鸟意外进入飞机引擎而损坏的,导致引擎失灵。