适用于老高考旧教材2024版高考英语二轮复习专项能力提升练阅读理解考点分类练7词句猜测题1（附解析）

考点分类练(七)　词句猜测题(1)(限时:25分钟)Passage1(2023辽宁抚顺一模)Artificialintelligencehelpsteachersidentifywhichoftheirstudentshavelearningdifficulties,accordingtoanewstudy.TeachersmakemoreaccurateassessmentsoflearningdifficultiesamongtheirstudentsiftheyaregivenAI-generatedfeedback(反馈)ratherthanan“expertsolution”writtenbyaqualifiedprofessional.ResearchersbelievethatbecausetheAIanalyzedtheteacher’sownwork,it’seasierfortheteachertounderstandthana“modelanswer”preparedbeforehand.“Teachersplayacriticalroleinrecognizingthesignsofdisordersandlearningdifficultiesinpupilsandreferringthemtospecialists,”saidRiikkaHofmann.“Unfortunately,manyofthemfeelthattheyhavenothadsufficientopportunitytopracticetheseskills.AIcouldprovideanextralevelofindividualizedfeedbacktohelpthemdeveloptheseessentialcompetences.”Traineeteacherswereaskedtoassessfictionalizedstudentsforpotentiallearningdifficulties,basedonevidenceincludingexamplesoftheirwork,schoolbehaviorrecordsandwrittentextsofconversationswithparents.Halfofthetraineesreceivedthe“expertsolution”,typicalofthematerialgiventotraineeteachers,whiletheotherhalfreceivedAI-generatedfeedbackontheirapproach,highlightingwheretheycouldimprove.Thetraineesthencompletedsimilarfollow-upassessments,andweregradedbothontheaccuracyoftheirdiagnoses(诊断)andonhowwelltheyhadusedtheevidence.TraineeswhoreceivedtheAIfeedbackscoredsignificantlyhigherthanthosewhoworkedwiththepre-writtenexpertsolutions.WhiletheresearcherssaidthisdoesnotmeanAIispreferabletoone-to-onefeedbackfromaskilledexpert,thisisnotalwaysavailablefortraineeteachers.“WearenotarguingthatAIshouldreplaceteacher-educators:newteachersstillneedexpertguidanceonhowtorecognizelearningdifficultiesinthefirstplace,”saidDrMichaelSailer.“Itdoesseem,however,thatAI-generatedfeedbackhelpedthese traineestofocusonwhattheyreallyneededtolearn.Whenpersonalfeedbackisnotreadilyavailable,itcouldbeaneffectivesubstitute(代替物).”1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”referto?A.Pupils.B.Teachers.C.Specialists.D.Researchers.2.WhatdidAIhelptraineeteachersknowinthestudy?A.Howwelltheyhadusedtheevidence.B.Whethertheexpertsolutionwasaccurate.C.Wheretheirapproachneedsimprovement.D.Whatfollow-upassessmentstheycompleted.3.WhatdoesDrMichaelthinkofAI?A.Itwilltaketheplaceofskilledexperts.B.Itactsasanexpertguidetotraineeteachers.C.Itisonlysuitablefornewteacherstouse.D.Itcanbeausefulteachingtrainingaid.4.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AIlocateslearningdifficultiesforthestudentsB.AIbecomesaneffectiveteachingtoolinschoolC.AIhelpsteachersspotstudentswithlearningdifficultiesD.AItrainsteachersinjudgingthelearningofthestudentsPassage2(2023河北石家庄二模)Everyholidayseason,PatriciaGallagherfillshercarwithstuffedanimalsanddrivesaroundPhiladelphia.Shegivesthemnottokidsbuttoseniors.Patricia’sholidaytraditionstartedin2009.“IjustgotthisideatocalltwonursinghomesatrandomandaskifIcouldcomeandreadItWastheNightBeforeChristmas,”shesaid.Shebroughtsomeofherkids’stuffedanimalsfortheseniorstoholdwhilesheread.“ButwhenIwenttogatherthemandtakethembacktogotothenextnursinghome,nobodywantedtogiveuptheirstuffedanimals,”sheadded.Itwasthenandtherethatsherealizedthepowerofasimpleholidaygift. Patriciawantedtocontinuehertraditionofgiving,sosheputanadonline,askingforgentlyusedstuffedanimals.Inherfirsttwoyearsofcollecting,shereceivedmorethan11,000donatedstuffedanimals.Shesaidsometimeslocalschoolswouldholdstuffedanimalcollectionsonherbehalf,orachildwhooutgrewtheirtoyswoulddonate.Afterreceivingtoomany,Patriciastartedcappinghowmanyshewouldcollectatatime,andsaidshecouldonlytakeinabout250stuffedanimalseachweekduringtheholidayseason.Then,shetookthemtonursinghomes.“Theelderlywantstuffedanimalsnotonlyforcomfort,buttheywereconversationstarters.Itremindedthemoftheirchildhood,”shesaid.Andsherecalledonemansaid,“Youknow,Ineverwantedtogotoschool.AndmyfathersaidifIwouldgothatday,hewouldtakemetotheBrooklynZoo.Andyouknowwhat?ThiswasthefirstanimalIsawthereanditlookedjustlikethisgiraffe.”Spreadingjoyisn’tjustaholidaypastimeforPatricia.Sheisalsoknownasthe“HappyFlowerLady”aroundPhiladelphia,becauseshecollectsoldflowersfromstoresandpassesthemouttoanyonewhoneedsapick-me-up.“Whenyougive,youreallydogetmoreback,”Patriciasaid.“Everymorning,whetherit’stheflowersorthestuffedanimals,Ihaveapurpose.”5.WhydidPatriciagotothenursinghomesin2009?A.Tosendgiftstotheseniors.B.Toreadastorytotheelderly.C.Togetoverherloneliness.D.Togetridofherkids’toys.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“capping”inparagraph3mean?A.Limiting.B.Recording.C.Identifying.D.Doubling.7.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A.Seniorslovegoodolddays.B.Cuteanimalshavehealingeffectsonseniors.C.Givingmakesseniorshappy.D.Stuffedanimalshavemorethanonefunction.8.WhatdoesPatriciathinkofhergivingexperiences?A.Rewarding.B.Entertaining. C.Timely.D.Tough.Passage3(2023福建福州二模)WhenKimJi-unlivedinSeoul,sheworriedaboutfindingagoodjob.Now,sheisworriedthatdroughtmayruinhercrop.The23-year-oldstartedafarmlastyear.Herfirstharvestwasasuccess;shewassurprisedthatherblackbeansdidbetterthanherstrawberries.MsKimispartofaphenomenoncalledkwichon,orreturningtorurallife.Coinedamillenniumago,thetermcropsupduringperiodsofeconomichardship.Thistime,inthewakeofthepandemic,manynewfarmershaveneverlivedinthecountrysidebefore.Byplantingyoungfarmersinruralareas,thegovernmenthopestoenjoybigrewardsinfuture.Theplanisworking.In2021nearly380,000peoplemovedtothecountryside.Comfortwithdigitaltechnologygivesyoungfarmersalegup,saysChoKyung-ik,thedirectoroftheBeginningFarmer’sCentre,aninstitutioneducatingthosewhowishtokwichonatitsdowntownoffices.TheysellfreshproduceonNaver,SouthKorea’slargestsearchengine. Thecentreteachestechniqueslikehowtouseatractor(拖拉机)orselectthebestcrops.Itarrangesatrialperiodduringwhichambitiousfarmersworkundertheguidanceofanoldhand,learningwhatitmeanstodoback-breakinglabourfromdawntodusk.Themostimportantlessonishowtogetonwiththelocals.Thevillagersarealsoofferedtipsonhowtoacttowardsthenewcomers.Thatpartisnotyetatotalsuccess.MsKimsaysherneighbourshaveabadtemper.“Theoldpeoplecomeinhereandgivemeunwantedadvice,orsaythatIwillneverbeabletogrowanything,”shesays.Herblackbeansbegtodiffer.SheandtheSouthKoreangovernmentwillbehopingthathercropsputtheargumenttorestforgood.9.WhydoesthewritertellMsKim’sstory?A.Tostartadiscussion.B.Tointroduceatopic.C.Toexplainasolution.D.Tomakeacomparison. 10.Whatdoestheunderlined“alegup”inparagraph3mean?A.Anewidentity.B.Ahelpinghand.C.Abigreward.D.Adifferentidea.11.Whatisthechallengefortheyoungfarmers?A.Farmingtechniques.B.Hardwork.C.Communicativeskills.D.Unwantedadvice.12.WhatcanweinferfromkwichoninSouthKorea?A.Farmingmakeshugeprofits.B.Localsneedtechnicaltraining.C.Ithelpstoreviveruralareas.D.Thegovernmentshouldhelpfarmers.答案：Passage1[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能可以帮助老师对学生的学习困难等问题有更好的了解。1.B　词句猜测题。根据第三段的“Teachersplayacriticalroleinrecognizingthesignsofdisordersandlearningdifficultiesinpupilsandreferringthemtospecialists”可知,them指的是这里的老师。2.C　细节理解题。根据第四段的“Halfofthetraineesreceivedthe‘expertsolution’,typicalofthematerialgiventotraineeteachers,whiletheotherhalfreceivedAI-generatedfeedbackontheirapproach,highlightingwheretheycouldimprove.”可知,人工智能在研究中帮助实习教师了解他们的方法需要改进的地方。3.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“‘WearenotarguingthatAIshouldreplaceteacher-educators:newteachersstillneedexpertguidanceonhowtorecognizelearningdifficultiesinthefirstplace,’saidDrMichaelSailer.‘Itdoesseem,however,thatAI-generatedfeedbackhelpedthesetraineestofocusonwhattheyreallyneededtolearn.Whenpersonalfeedbackisnotreadilyavailable,itcouldbeaneffectivesubstitute(代替物).’”可知,人工智能对于老师来说是一个有用的教学培训辅助。 4.C　主旨大意题。根据第一段以及全文大意可知,文章主要讲人工智能可以让老师对学生的学习困难等问题有更好的了解,C项“人工智能帮助教师发现有学习困难的学生”符合文意。Passage2[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了PatriciaGallagher每到假日季节,就会在车里装满毛绒玩具,然后开车在费城兜风。这些玩具不是给孩子,而是给老年人。文章介绍了她这一传统开始的时间以及她对此的看法。5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段“Patricia’sholidaytraditionstartedin2009.‘IjustgotthisideatocalltwonursinghomesatrandomandaskifIcouldcomeandreadItWastheNightBeforeChristmas,’shesaid.Shebroughtsomeofherkids’stuffedanimalsfortheseniorstoholdwhilesheread.”可知,Patricia在2009年去养老院是为了给老人读故事。6.A　词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Afterreceivingtoomany,Patriciastarted”以及下文“howmanyshewouldcollectatatime,andsaidshecouldonlytakeinabout250stuffedanimalseachweekduringtheholidayseason”可知,Patricia在收到太多毛绒玩具后,开始限制每次收集的数量,她说在假期期间她每周只能接收大约250只毛绒玩具。故画线词意思是“限制”。7.D　推理判断题。根据第四段可推知,毛绒玩具不止一种功能。8.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知,Patricia认为她的捐赠经历是有益的。Passage3[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了韩国越来越多的年轻人远离城市喧嚣、回归田园生活的现象。9.B　推理判断题。第一段“WhenKimJi-unlivedinSeoul,sheworriedaboutfindingagoodjob.Now,sheisworriedthatdroughtmayruinhercrop.”提到Kim女士从城市回归农村,下文讲述了韩国出现的“回归农村生活”的现象,故第一段提到Kim女士是为了引入本文话题。10.B　词句猜测题。根据第三段最后一句“TheysellfreshproduceonNaver,SouthKorea’slargestsearchengine.”可知,年轻农民可以在数字技术的帮助下在线上销售农产品,由此可推知,画线短语所在句意为“对数字技术的适应给年轻农民提供了帮助”,alegup意为“帮助”。11.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Themostimportantlessonishowtogetonwiththelocals.”可知,年轻农民面临的挑战是学习沟通技巧。 12.C　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Byplantingyoungfarmersinruralareas,thegovernmenthopestoenjoybigrewardsinfuture.”及第三段可知,年轻人从城市回归农村有助于振兴农村地区。词汇积累:1.(Passage1)identifyvt.识别2.(Passage1)accurateadj.准确的,精确的3.(Passage1)assessmentn.评估,评价4.(Passage1)qualifiedadj.合格的5.(Passage2)atrandom任意地6.(Passage2)onone’sbehalf代表某人7.(Passage2)takein接受8.(Passage3)ambitiousadj.有抱负的9.(Passage3)fromdawntodusk从黎明到黄昏10.(Passage3)forgood永久熟词生义:1.(Passage1)criticaladj.关键的2.(Passage1)gradevt.给……评分3.(Passage2)addvt.补充说长难句分析:(Passage2)Sheisalsoknownasthe“HappyFlowerLady”aroundPhiladelphia,becauseshecollectsoldflowersfromstoresandpassesthemouttoanyonewhoneedsapick-me-up.分析:本句为复合句。becauseshecollectsoldflowersfromstoresandpassesthemouttoanyonewhoneedsapick-me-up为because引导的原因状语从句;whoneedsapick-me-up为定语从句,修饰先行词anyone。句意:她在费城也被称为“快乐花女”,因为她从商店收集旧花,并把它们分发给任何需要提神的人。