北京市丰台区2023-2024学年高二英语上学期期中试题A卷（Word版附答案）

丰台区2023-2024学年度第一学期期中练习高二英语（A卷）考试时间：90分钟第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。MyfriendshipwiththestudentsinaprimaryschoolinUgandastartedonashakyground.The____1____ofnotbeingunderstoodwashiddenwithin,fortheyspokealanguagedifferentfromthatofmineandminetoofellondeafears.Igreetedthemwithawidesmile,andwhenIspokefurther,theyrepliedwithicecold____2____.Areminderechoedinmymind:youmustlivethroughittogettothem.SoIgaveitanothertry.Ispoke____3____Englishwithhandgesturesandabitofdancing.Ifallfailed,thesmilewould____4____.Soonwepickedupandthenthe____5____ofthelearnerscameintoplay.Atthementionofaname,tremblesandfacecoveringweretheresponseIgot.Idecidedto____6____adeskwithateameachdayduringgroupworktogetcloser.Afterschool,Iaccompaniedthemhome.____7____,webecamefriends.Theywereevenawareofmyfavoritefruit，avocado(牛油果).IfIdidn’tgetoneonmydesk,itwould____8____mewhereverIwas.Myslipperswerewornout.OnenightIleftthemoutasnoonecouldstealapairofslippersinthatstate.Thenextmorning,IwasreadytodragmyslippersonasusualandIwassurprisedtheyhadbeen____9____.Wow!Thelittlethingswedoforeachotherbringusgreatjoyandwarmth.Wedon’thaveaproperspokenlanguage,butwearefluentinthelanguageof_____10_____.1.A.angerB.fearC.confusionD.disappointment2.A.agreementB.blameC.commentD.silence3.A.simpleB.officialC.academicD.unusual4.A.turnupB.breakoffC.takeoverD.fadeaway5.A.shynessB.lazinessC.lonelinessD.calmness6.A.clearB.shareC.searchD.exchange7.A.SuddenlyB.ObviouslyC.AccidentallyD.Gradually8.A.hitB.findC.catchD.hunt 9.A.packedB.cleanedC.repairedD.abandoned10.A.sympathyB.admirationC.friendshipD.confidence第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。TheBritishmusthavereallyhighstandards.IwaspartofastudentexchangeprogrammebetweenauniversityinEnglandandmyuniversityinChina.Ihadspentdaysin___11___(prepare)formyfirstEnglishpaper.IknewIdidagoodjobandwaslookingforward___12___gettingapositivecomment.WhenIgotthepaperback,Ifoundthatmyteacher___13___(write)thecomment“Notbad!”Notbad?Butthereweren’tany___14___(mistake)inmypaper.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Thecollegeentranceexaminationisjustaroundthecorner.Homeworkandtestswillkeepmanyofyouuplateatnight,andyoumayplantomakeupforyourlostsleepduringtheweekends.___15___isituseful?AstudypublishedinthejournalCurrentBiologycompletelyhaschanged___16___peopleusedtothink.Itshowsthatthehabitofsleepinginonweekendsdoesn’tfixthedamagedonebyalackofsleepduringtheweek.Even___17___(bad),itmaydamageyourhealth.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。TheInternationalDayofFamilies,which___18___(name)bytheUnitedNationsin1993,isheldonMay15theveryyear.Thedaycelebratesthe___19___(important)offamilies.Itaims___20___(develop)people’sunderstandingofissuesthatarerelatedtofamilies.Withadifferentthemeeachyear,thedayisobservedwithawiderangeofeventsthatareorganizedatlocal,nationalandinternationallevels.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，共38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 AOurteenpoetryworkshopsatPoetsHouseareopportunitiesforwritersinhighschooltocreateandexplorepoetryinoneofthelargestpoetrylibrariesinthecountry.Youngpoetsaregivenachancetodigintotheartandcraftofpoetryinafun,creativeandinspiringenvironment.JoinDaveJohnsonWorkshopJoinDaveJohnsonWorkshoptowritedailynewpoemsinonly10minutes.Clickthebannerfortwoseriesofvideopoetryworkshopswherepoet,playwrightandeducatorDaveJohnsonchoosesapoeteachday,andtakesusthroughaclosereadingoftheirwork.Hegivesusaninstructionbasedontheirwork,thenashortbiographyandreadsanadditionalpoem.Theseworkshopsarefunandsurprising,forteensthroughadults,free.TheThompsonFoundationInitiativeThehighlightofourteenpoetryworkshopprogramistheThompsonFoundationInitiative,throughwhichnotedpoetsvisithighschoolclassroomsfollowedbyfreefollow-upclassvisitstoPoetsHouse.RecentteachershaveincludedDaveJohnson,JivePoetic,andMahoganyBrowne.Thisinitiativeismeanttoincreaseaccesstopoeticeducationforunderservedschoolsandstudentsbycombininghands-oninstructionfromestablishedpoetswithon-sitevisitstoourextensivelibrary.Studentsengagewithpoetrythroughreading,writing,andartprojectsthatintegratethevisualandlinguistic.IfyouareateacherinterestedinthisprogrampleasereachouttoReggieHarristoarrangesessionsforyourclass.Freeclasstripsforallagelevelsarealsoavailableoutsideofthisprogram.IntensiveWorkshopsforTeensAdvanced,individualizedstudyisavailableperiodicallyforstudentswhowanttocontinuewritingpoetry,througheitherourday-longorweek-longintensiveworkshops.·One-dayworkshops:Participationisfree.Allinterestedteensareencouragedtosignup.·Week-longworkshops:Participantsaredeterminedthroughanapplicationprocessandanexternaljudge;allinterestedhighschoolstudentsareencouragedtoapply.Financialaidisavailable.21.Teenscangettoknowonepoetonadailybasisin_______.A.DaveJohnsonWorkshop B.theThompsonFoundationInitiativeC.JivePoeticWorkshopDIntensiveWorkshopsforTeens22.IntheThompsonFoundationInitiative,studentscan_______.A.contactReggieHarristoattendclasstripsB.visitPoetsHousewithMahoganyBrowneC.workone-on-onewithestablishedpoetsD.learnandenjoypoetryindiverseways23.Whatdotheworkshopsinthepassagehaveincommon?A.Theyarefreeofcharge.B.Theyareforallagegroups.C.Theyofferchancestowritepoems.D.Theyhavefamouspoetsasteachers.BLiuJichen,founderandCEOof ClearPlate®,designedamini-programthatrecognizesemptyplatesandrewardsuserswithpoints.Thesepointscanbeexchangedforgiftslikebooksandcellphones,orbetteryet,theycanbeusedtopurchasecharitymealsdonatedtopoorchildreninruralareasofChina.In2016,Liu,athenstudentofTsinghuaUniversity,noticedapopularcampaigncalled“LeftoverParty”,wherepeoplebroughttheirleftoverstoeattogether,intendingtoraiseawarenessoffoodwaste.Liuandhisclassmatesorganizedonesuchevent,whichwasattendedbyhundredsofpeople.Thesuccessencouragedhimtospreadtheconceptofreducingfoodwastetoawideraudience.Theideaofamini-programstruckhimatadinnerin2017whenLiudinedatarestaurantwhichrewardeddinerswhofinishedofftheirfood.Liufoundthattherestaurantwouldgivethesedinersacardeverytimeandofferthemsmallgiftswhentheycollectedacertainnumberofcards.“Everyonewhovaluesfoodcanenjoyasenseofgainatalowercost,”Liusaid,notingthatsuchanideacouldberealizedonline.Heformedateamtoworkontheproject.YetitwasquiteachallengefortheAIsystemtoidentifytheuploadedphotos.Liuandhisteam,assistedbymorethan1,000others,spenthalfayearcollectingover100,000samplesacrossthecountrytotrainthedigitalbrain.“Thereweresomanyuncertaintiesinresearchanddevelopment.Forourteammembers,thebiggestchallengewaswhetherwewereconfidentenoughtocompleteit,”Liusaid.Theynotonlyachievedtheirgoal,butnow,the mini-programhasmorethanfivemillionregisteredusers.“WehopetoinspireeveryonetotakeactionagainstfoodwasteandtocontributeChinesewisdomandsolutionstoglobalfoodsecuritychallenges,”headded.24.WhatinspiredLiuJichentocreatethemini-program?AArestaurant’spractice.B.Hisinterestinhightech.C.Acampaignconcept.D.Hisclassmates’advice.25.Whatisthemainaimofthemini-program?AToincreaseawarenessofcharity.B.Toencouragepeopletosavefood.C.Tocollectphotosofemptyplates.D.Topromotebooksandothergifts.26.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeLiuJichen?A.Generousandoptimistic.B.Lovingandeasy-going.C.Determinedandresponsible.D.Gratefulandconsiderate.CMyuniversityhasnowtoppedtheU.S.News&WorldReportrankingsfor11yearsrunning.GivenPrinceton’ssuccess,youmightthinkIwouldbeafanofthelist.Notso.Don’tgetmewrong.IamproudofPrinceton’steaching,researchandcommitmenttoservice.Ilikeseeingourqualityrecognized.Rankings,however,areamisleadingwaytoassessuniversities.Differentschoolshavedistinctstrengths,structuresandmissions.Theideaofpickingoneas“best”,asthougheducationalprogramscompetedlikeathleticteams,isstrange.However,theU.S.Newsrankingsattractgreatattentionandahugecustomerbase.Applicantsandtheirfamiliesrelyontherankingsandfeelpressuretogetintohighlyregardedinstitutions.Asaresult,manyschoolsmakeintenseeffortstomoveupintherankings.Thiscompetitionproducesdamagingconsequences.Forexample,someuniversitiesavoiddoingdifficultbutvaluablethings—suchasadmittingtalentedlower-incomestudentswhocansucceedatuniversityifgivenappropriatesupport.Still,studentsandfamiliesneedcomparativeinformationtochooseuniversities.Ifrankingsmislead,whatisthealternative?Forgenerations,buyershaveturnedtoConsumerReportsforadviceaboutalmosteverythingexceptuniversityeducation.WhenConsumerReportsevaluatesaproduct,itassessesmultiplefactorssothatpotentialbuyerscanmaketheirownchoicewisely.Similarly,universityapplicantsneedinformationaboutsomebasicvariables.Graduationratesarecrucial.Auniversitythatdoesnotgraduateitsstudentsislikeacarwithabadmaintenance(维修)record.Itcostsmoneywithoutgettingyouanywhere.Whatapplicantsneedisnottheaverage graduationrate,buttherateforstudentswithbackgroundsliketheirown.Forexample,someplacessuccessfullygraduatetheirwealthystudentsbutdolesswellforlower-incomestudents.Applicantsshouldalsoseesomemeasureofpost-graduationoutcomes.Hereisapartiallistofotherfactorsthatmatter:costoftuition(学费)andfees;high-qualityteachersactivelyengagedinundergraduateinstruction;andalearningculturecomposedofdiversestudentswhostudyhardandeducateoneanother.Judgedbythesecriteria,manyschoolscouldbe“ConsumerReportsBestBuys”.Applicantsshouldbeexcitedtogetintoanyofthem;theyshouldpicktheonetheyfindmostappealing;andtheyshouldnotwastetimeworryingaboutwhichis“thebest”.ItwouldbegreattohaveaConsumerReportsforuniversities.Ihopethatsomenationalpublicationwillhavethecouragetoproduceanannual,user-friendlyConsumerReports-styleanalysisofhighereducationinstitutions,evenifitisnotasattractiveasafootball-stylesetofrankings.Inthemeantime,thoseofuswhounderstandtheimperfectionintherankingsmustcallthemout—evenwhen,indeedespeciallywhen,wefinishatthetop.27.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsuniversityrankings?A.Supportive.B.Indifferent.C.Disapproving.D.Neutral.28.WhydoestheauthormentionConsumerReports?A.Torevealthemultiplicityofconsumers.B.Topresenttheinformationofpotentialbuyers.C.Tohighlightthedifficultyofchoosinguniversities.D.Toemphasizetheneedofoverallevaluationofuniversities.29.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.ItisnotlikelytohaveaConsumerReportsforuniversities.B.Themostsuitableuniversityforapplicantsmaynotrankthetop.C.Theaveragegraduationrateiscrucialtolower-incomeapplicants.D.Thetopuniversitiescanseetheimperfectionintherankingsbetter.30.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thereisnosuchthingasagoodorbadstudent.B.Educationequalityisanidealhardtoberealized.C.Analternativeapproachisneededtoassessuniversities.D.Discriminationagainstpoorstudentsbringslossoftalents. DIfthere’sonecliché(陈词滥调)thatreallyannoysDanahBoyd,aspecialistresearcherwhohasmadeacareerfromstudyingthewayteenagersusetheweb,it’sthatofthedigitalnative.“Todaytheworldhascomputer-mediatedcommunications.Thus,inordertolearnabouttheirsocialworldaroundthem,teenagersarelearningaboutthosethingstoo.Andthey’reusingthattoworkoutthestuffthatkidshavealwaysworkedout:peer(同龄人)sociality,status,etc.”shesays.It’snosurpriseBoydtakesexception,really.Asoneofthefirstdigitalanthropologiststodigintothewayteenagersusesocialnetworkingsites,shegainedinsightsintothesocialwebbytakingacloserlookatwhatwasgoingon.Lately,herworkhasbeenaboutexplainingnewwaysofinterpretingthebehaviorweseeonline.SheoutlinedsomeexamplesatarecentconferenceinSanFrancisco,includingthecaseofayoungmanfromoneofthepoorestdistrictsofLosAngeleswhowasapplyingforatopAmericancollege.Theapplicantsaidhewantedtoescapetheinfluenceofviolence,buttheadmissionsofficerwasshockedwhenhediscoveredthattheboy’sMySpacepagewascoveredwithpreciselytheviolentlanguageheclaimedtohate.“Whywashelyingabouthismotivations?”askedtheuniversity.“Hewasn’t,”saidBoyd.“Inhisworld,showingtherightimagesonlinewasakeypartofsurvivingdailylife.”Understandingwhat’shappeningonlineisespeciallyimportant,fortoday’steenagershaveavastlydifferentapproachtoprivacyfromtheirparents.Shesays,“Adultsthinkofthehomeasaveryprivatespace.That’softennotthecaseforteenagersbecausetheyhavelittleornocontroloverwhohasaccesstoit,orunderwhatconditions.Asaresult,theonlineworldcanfeelmoreprivatebecauseitfeelslikethere’smorecontrol.”TheconceptofcontroliscentraltoBoyd’swork,anditappliestopointingoutthetruefactsaboutteenagebehavior.Boydsuggestscontrolremainsinthesameplacesasitalwaysdid.“Technologistsallgofortheideaoftechno-utopia(乌托邦),thewebasgreatdemocratizer(民主化)”,shesays.“Butwe’renotactuallydemocratizingthewholesystem;we’rejustshiftingthewayinwhichwediscriminate.”It’sacalltoarmsthatmostacademicresearcherswouldtendtosidestep,butthenBoydadmitstotreadingafinelinebetweenacademicsandactivists.“ThequestionsIcontinuetowanttoaskarethethingsthatarechallengingtome；havingtositdownandbeforcedtothinkaboutuncomfortablesocialstuff,andit’sreallyhardtogetmyheadaroundit,whichmeansit’sexactlywhatIshoulddiveinanddealwith,”shesays.31.WhatdoesDanahBoydthinkof“computer-mediatedcommunications”?A.Theyteachteenagersaboutsocialinteraction. B.Theyreplaceothersortsofsocialinteractionforteenagers.C.Theyarenecessaryforteenagerstohavesocialinteraction.D.Theyarebarrierstowidersocialinteractionamongteenagers.32.WhydoesDanahBoydcitetheexampleoftheLosAngelescollegeapplicant?A.Toshowhoweasyitistoinvestigatesomebody’sonlineactivity.B.Toexplainhoweasyitistomisinterpretanindividualonlineactivity.C.Toprovehowimportantitistocheckthecontentofsomeone’sonlineactivity.D.Toexpresshownecessaryitistojudgesomeone’ssincerityfromhisonlineactivity.33.DanahBoydarguesinParagraph4that________.A.parentstendnottorespectteenagers’needforonlineprivacyB.teenagersarelessconcernedaboutprivacythantheirparentsC.teenagersfeelmoreprivateintheonlineworldthaninthehomeD.parentsvaluetheideaofprivacylessinadomesticenvironment34.ItcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatDanahBoyd________.A.iswillingtotakeonresearchchallengesotherswouldavoidB.regardsherselfasbeingmoreofanactivistthanaresearcherC.isawarethatsheislackinginabilitytodealwiththechallengesD.feelslikeabandoningtheresearchintouncomfortablesocialstuff第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Onceconsideredanoptionallifestylechoice,recyclinghasbecomeacommonplaceactivityinmostareas.Onetypeofrecycling,calleddowncycling,involvesre-purposingamaterialintoanewproductoflesserquality._____35_____Downcyclingisalsoknownasdownstreamrecycling.Itismostcommonintermsofindustrialmaterials.Theseproductslosetheirvalueastheyarerecycled,whichlimitstheircapacityfornewuse._____36_____Whitewritingpaper,forexample,isoftendowncycledintocardboard;oncedowncycledtothisnewform,itcannolongerbeusedaswhitepaperagain.Anotherexampleofdowncyclingincludestheuseofplasticcomponents.Givingproductsanewlifeisconsideredagoodwaytoreusematerialsandavoidwaste.Oncedowncycledtotheirfullcapacity,however,thesematerialsareeventuallysodegradedthattheycannotbereusedfurther.Sincedowncycledproductsareconsideredoflowerqualitythantheiroriginalform,theycannotbeusedinremakingtheir originalproduct._____37_____Plastic,glass,andaluminiumproductscodedwiththenumberonemayberemadeintosomethingofequalorgreatervalue.Thistypeofrecyclingisknownasupcycling,andrepresentstheforwardcompatibilityofrecycledcomponents.Materialsavailablefordowncycling,suchaswater,juice,andmilkbottles,arecodedwiththenumbertwo._____38_____Itemsavailablefordowncyclingoftenrequireadditionalchemicals,energy,andothertreatmentsinordertotransformthemintosomethingusable.Durableplasticproductsinparticularrequiremuchadditionaltreatment.Trashbins,tables,andchairsarealsoconsideredmaterialswithahighenergycosttorecycle.Whenaproductreachesacodeseven,itisconsiderednolongerrecyclable._____39_____Sincetheseproductscannolongerbemadeintonewones,theywilleitherhavetobereusedordiscarded,typicallyinalandfill.A.Itcanincludevaryinggradesofplastic,paperproducts,andothermaterials.B.Theirrecycledformistypicallybothweakerandcheaperthantheiroriginalone.C.Theymaynotbeusedtocontainfood-gradeitemsagainuponbeingdowncycled.D.Productsareprovidedwithcodestodeterminetheirgradesandwhetherornottheymayberecycled.E.Thisusuallyoccurswhenasubstanceisblendedwithothersubstances,suchasdifferenttypesofplasticwithvariousrecyclingcodes.第三部分书面表达（共两节，共32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）In1983,HowardGardner,aprofessoratHarvard,publishedFramesofMind:TheTheoryofMultipleIntelligences.Inthebook,hepresentedonetypeofintelligencethateveryonemustdevelopiftheywanttobesuccessful.Thatisemotionalintelligence.Emotionalintelligencereferstotheabilitytoidentifyandregulateyourownemotions.Itmeanshavingadeepunderstandingofyourself,knowingyourownstrengthsandweaknesses,andhandlingreactionsandemotionswisely.Emotionalintelligenceiscriticalforsuccessinalmostanyfieldanditisespeciallyimportantforhigh-stressenvironments,forexample,whentimesaretoughandwhenapersonwantstoquitorisfearful.Weallknowhighlyemotionalpeople.Ratherthanreactwisely,theytendtolettheiremotionsruntheirlives,oftensayingordoingsomethingtheymaylaterregret.I’veseenmanypeopledothisonsocialmedia,gettinginargumentswithlovedonesovertrivialstuffbecausetheyhavedifferentopinions.Thisinabilitytomastertheselfleadstomanystrugglesandheartachesforpeople.Emotionalintelligence doesnotmeanbeingvoid(没有)ofemotions.Itmeansyouknowitisokaytobe angry,justnotout-of-controlangry.Youknowit’sokaytofeelhurt,butitisnotokaytodosomethingstupidinthenameofrevenge(报复).Manyofusknowpeoplewhoareveryintelligent,butallowtheiremotionstodamagetheirlives.Now,reflectonhowyoumanageyouremotions.Areyousmartinthewayyouexpresswhatyou’refeeling,especiallywhenthepressureison?40.Accordingtothepassage,whatis“emotionalintelligence”?41.Howdohighlyemotionalpeopledealwiththeiremotions?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.It’simportanttokeepyouremotionsundercontrol,sowhenyougethurt,youshouldneithergetangrynordostupidthingsforrevenge.43.Inyourdailylife,whatcanyoudotobettermanageyouremotions?第二节书面表达（20分）44.假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你在学校英语演讲比赛中荣获一等奖，请用英文写一封邮件感谢外教Jim对你的帮助，内容包括：1.表示感谢；2.回顾Jim对你的帮助；3.你的祝愿。注意：1.词数100左右。2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim，_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua 丰台区2023-2024学年度第一学期期中练习高二英语（A卷）考试时间：90分钟第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。MyfriendshipwiththestudentsinaprimaryschoolinUgandastartedonashakyground.The____1____ofnotbeingunderstoodwashiddenwithin,fortheyspokealanguagedifferentfromthatofmineandminetoofellondeafears.Igreetedthemwithawidesmile,andwhenIspokefurther,theyrepliedwithicecold____2____.Areminderechoedinmymind:youmustlivethroughittogettothem.SoIgaveitanothertry.Ispoke____3____Englishwithhandgesturesandabitofdancing.Ifallfailed,thesmilewould____4____.Soonwepickedupandthenthe____5____ofthelearnerscameintoplay.Atthementionofaname,tremblesandfacecoveringweretheresponseIgot.Idecidedto____6____adeskwithateameachdayduringgroupworktogetcloser.Afterschool,Iaccompaniedthemhome.____7____,webecamefriends.Theywereevenawareofmyfavoritefruit，avocado(牛油果).IfIdidn’tgetoneonmydesk,itwould____8____mewhereverIwas.Myslipperswerewornout.OnenightIleftthemoutasnoonecouldstealapairofslippersinthatstate.Thenextmorning,IwasreadytodragmyslippersonasusualandIwassurprisedtheyhadbeen____9____.Wow!Thelittlethingswedoforeachotherbringusgreatjoyandwarmth.Wedon’thaveaproperspokenlanguage,butwearefluentinthelanguageof_____10_____.1.A.angerB.fearC.confusionD.disappointment2.A.agreementB.blameC.commentD.silence3.A.simpleB.officialC.academicD.unusual4.A.turnupB.breakoffC.takeoverD.fadeaway5.A.shynessB.lazinessC.lonelinessD.calmness6.A.clearB.shareC.searchD.exchange7.A.SuddenlyB.ObviouslyC.AccidentallyD.Gradually8.A.hitB.findC.catchD.hunt 9.A.packedB.cleanedC.repairedD.abandoned10.A.sympathyB.admirationC.friendshipD.confidence【答案】1.B2.D3.A4.C5.A6.B7.D8.B9.C10.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了作者在乌干达一所小学教英语，由于语言不通，作者与学生们从有隔阂，到师生之间为彼此做的小事，拉近了彼此间的距离。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们心中隐藏着一种不被理解的恐惧，因为他们说的语言与我的语言不同，我的语言也被置若罔闻。A.anger生气；B.fear害怕；C.confusion困惑；D.disappointment失望。根据“fortheyspokealanguagedifferentfromthatofmineandminetoofellondeafears.”可知，因为语言不通，所以彼此有着不被理解的恐惧。故选B。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以灿烂的笑容迎接他们，当我进一步说话时，他们以冰冷的沉默回答。A.agreement同意；B.blame责备；C.comment评论；D.silence沉默。根据“Igreetedthemwithawidesmile,andwhenIspokefurther,”及上文语言不通可知，学生们以冰冷的沉默回答作者。故选D。【3题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我说着简单的英语，做着手势，还跳了一会儿舞。A.simple简单的；B.official官方的；C.academic学术的；D.unusual不寻常的。根据“withhandgesturesandabitofdancing.”可知，因为语言不通，作者说着简单的英语。故选A。【4题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：如果一切都失败了，微笑就会取而代之。A.turnup出现；B.breakoff中断；C.takeover接管；D.fadeaway逐渐消失。根据“Ifallfailed,”可知，如果作者所做的一切都失败了，就用微笑取代。故选C。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们很快就学会了，然后学习者的害羞开始起作用了。A.shyness害羞；B.laziness懒惰；C.loneliness孤独；D.calmness镇静。根据“Atthementionofaname,tremblesandfacecoveringweretheresponseIgot.”可知，学生害怕被提问，所以是害羞。故选A。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在小组工作中，我决定每天与一组人共用一张桌子，以拉近彼此的距离。A.clear清理；B.share分享；C.search寻找；D.exchange交换。根据“duringgroupworktogetcloser.”可知，作者每天与学生中的一组人共用一张桌子。故选B。 【7题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我们成了朋友。A.Suddenly突然；B.Obviously明显地；C.Accidentally偶然地；D.Gradually逐渐地。根据“webecamefriends.”可知，作者和学生逐渐变成朋友。故选D。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我桌上没有，不管我在哪里，它都会找到我。A.hit打；B.find发现；C.catch抓住；D.hunt寻找。根据“Theywereevenawareofmyfavoritefruit，avocado(牛油果).IfIdidn’tgetoneonmydesk,”可知，这里指不管作者在哪里，学生们都会把牛油果送到作者那里。故选B。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我准备像往常一样拖着我的拖鞋，我惊讶地发现它们已经修好了。A.packed打包；B.cleaned清洁；C.repaired修理；D.abandoned抛弃。根据“Myslipperswerewornout.”可知，作者的坏拖鞋被学生修好。故选C。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们没有合适口语，但我们的友谊语言很流利。A.sympathy同情；B.admiration羡慕；C.friendship友谊；D.confidence自信。根据“Wedon’thaveaproperspokenlanguage,”和转折词but可知，作者和学生之间虽然语言不通，但彼此间的友谊语言却很畅通。故选C。第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。TheBritishmusthavereallyhighstandards.IwaspartofastudentexchangeprogrammebetweenauniversityinEnglandandmyuniversityinChina.Ihadspentdaysin___11___(prepare)formyfirstEnglishpaper.IknewIdidagoodjobandwaslookingforward___12___gettingapositivecomment.WhenIgotthepaperback,Ifoundthatmyteacher___13___(write)thecomment“Notbad!”Notbad?Butthereweren’tany___14___(mistake)inmypaper.【答案】11.preparing12.to13.hadwritten14.mistakes【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过自己在英国一所大学的学习经历讲述了英国人有很高的标准。 【11题详解】考查动名词。句意：我花了几天时间准备我的第一篇英语论文。固定搭配spend…(in)doingsth.（花……干某事），用动名词（doing）形式作宾语。故填preparing。【12题详解】考查介词。句意：我知道我做得很好，并期待着得到积极的评价。固定搭配lookforwardtodoingsth.（期待干某事），用介词to。故填to。【13题详解】考查时态。句意：当我把试卷拿回来时，我发现我老师写了一句话：“不错”。此处为宾语从句谓语，主句谓语found是一般过去时，从句谓语动词write发生在主句谓语found之前，即“过去的过去”，时态用过去完成时（haddone）。故填hadwritten。【14题详解】考查名词的数。句意：但我的论文没有任何错误。mistake是可数名词，此处作句子主语，由were可知用其复数形式。故填mistakes。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Thecollegeentranceexaminationisjustaroundthecorner.Homeworkandtestswillkeepmanyofyouuplateatnight,andyoumayplantomakeupforyourlostsleepduringtheweekends.___15___isituseful?AstudypublishedinthejournalCurrentBiologycompletelyhaschanged___16___peopleusedtothink.Itshowsthatthehabitofsleepinginonweekendsdoesn’tfixthedamagedonebyalackofsleepduringtheweek.Even___17___(bad),itmaydamageyourhealth.【答案】15.But/Yet16.what17.worse【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章一项研究表明，周末睡懒觉的习惯并不能弥补一周睡眠不足造成的损害。【15题详解】考查连词。句意：但它有用吗？上文讲“学生考前熬夜，会计划在周末弥补之前睡眠不足”，此处表示质疑，表转折，用but/yet（但是/然而），首字母大写。故填But/Yet。【16题详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的一项研究彻底改变了人们过去的想法。动词change后接宾语从句，缺乏引导词，从句中动词think缺乏宾语，指“什么”，用连接代词what。故填 what。【17题详解】考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，它可能会损害你的健康。even+形容词比较级，构成固定搭配evenworse（更糟的是）。故填worse。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。TheInternationalDayofFamilies,which___18___(name)bytheUnitedNationsin1993,isheldonMay15theveryyear.Thedaycelebratesthe___19___(important)offamilies.Itaims___20___(develop)people’sunderstandingofissuesthatarerelatedtofamilies.Withadifferentthemeeachyear,thedayisobservedwithawiderangeofeventsthatareorganizedatlocal,nationalandinternationallevels.【答案】18.wasnamed19.importance20.todevelop【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了国际家庭日于1993年由联合国确定，每年的5月15日为国际家庭日。这一天庆祝家庭的重要性。它的目的是促进人们对与家庭有关的问题的理解。每年这一天都有不同的主题，在地方、国家和国际各级组织各种各样的活动来纪念这一天。【18题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：国际家庭日于1993年由联合国确定，每年的5月15日为国际家庭日。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词TheInternationalDayofFamilies，先行词在从句中作主语，根据后文in1993可知用一般过去时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语动词与先行词保持一致，用单数。故填wasnamed。【19题详解】考查名词。句意：这一天庆祝家庭的重要性。空处作宾语，表示“重要性”应用名词importance，表抽象概念，不可数。故填importance。【20题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它的目的是促进人们对与家庭有关的问题的理解。结合句意表示“目的是……”短语为aimtodosth.。故填todevelop。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，共38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AOurteenpoetryworkshopsatPoetsHouseareopportunitiesforwritersinhighschooltocreateandexplorepoetryinoneofthelargestpoetrylibrariesinthecountry.Youngpoetsaregivenachancetodigintotheartandcraftofpoetryinafun,creativeandinspiringenvironment.JoinDaveJohnsonWorkshopJoinDaveJohnsonWorkshoptowritedailynewpoemsinonly10minutes.Clickthebannerfortwoseriesofvideopoetryworkshopswherepoet,playwrightandeducatorDaveJohnsonchoosesapoeteachday,andtakesusthroughaclosereadingoftheirwork.Hegivesusaninstructionbasedontheirwork,thenashortbiographyandreadsanadditionalpoem.Theseworkshopsarefunandsurprising,forteensthroughadults,free.TheThompsonFoundationInitiativeThehighlightofourteenpoetryworkshopprogramistheThompsonFoundationInitiative,throughwhichnotedpoetsvisithighschoolclassroomsfollowedbyfreefollow-upclassvisitstoPoetsHouse.RecentteachershaveincludedDaveJohnson,JivePoetic,andMahoganyBrowne.Thisinitiativeismeanttoincreaseaccesstopoeticeducationforunderservedschoolsandstudentsbycombininghands-oninstructionfromestablishedpoetswithon-sitevisitstoourextensivelibrary.Studentsengagewithpoetrythroughreading,writing,andartprojectsthatintegratethevisualandlinguistic.Ifyouareateacherinterestedinthisprogram,pleasereachouttoReggieHarristoarrangesessionsforyourclass.Freeclasstripsforallagelevelsarealsoavailableoutsideofthisprogram.IntensiveWorkshopsforTeensAdvanced,individualizedstudyisavailableperiodicallyforstudentswhowanttocontinuewritingpoetry,througheitherourday-longorweek-longintensiveworkshops.·One-dayworkshops:Participationisfree.Allinterestedteensareencouragedtosignup.·Week-longworkshops:Participantsaredeterminedthroughanapplicationprocessandanexternaljudge;allinterestedhighschoolstudentsareencouragedtoapply.Financialaidisavailable. 21.Teenscangettoknowonepoetonadailybasisin_______.A.DaveJohnsonWorkshopB.theThompsonFoundationInitiativeC.JivePoeticWorkshopD.IntensiveWorkshopsforTeens22.IntheThompsonFoundationInitiative,studentscan_______.A.contactReggieHarristoattendclasstripsB.visitPoetsHousewithMahoganyBrowneC.workone-on-onewithestablishedpoetsD.learnandenjoypoetryindiverseways23.Whatdotheworkshopsinthepassagehaveincommon?A.Theyarefreeofcharge.B.Theyareforallagegroups.C.Theyofferchancestowritepoems.D.Theyhavefamouspoetsasteachers.【答案】21.A22.D23.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在诗人之家举办的青少年诗歌研讨会为高中作家提供的三个学习研讨诗歌的项目。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Clickthebannerfortwoseriesofvideopoetryworkshopswherepoet,playwrightandeducatorDaveJohnsonchoosesapoeteachday,andtakesusthroughaclosereadingoftheirwork.”（点击横幅，观看两个系列的视频诗歌研讨会，诗人、剧作家和教育家戴夫·约翰逊每天都会选择一位诗人，并带我们仔细阅读他们的作品。）可知，青少年每日可以通过戴夫·约翰逊研讨会了解一位诗人。故选A项。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据TheThompsonFoundationInitiative标题下“Studentsengagewithpoetrythroughreading,writing,andartprojectsthatintegratethevisualandlinguistic.”（学生通过阅读、写作和融合视觉和语言的艺术项目参与诗歌创作。）可知，在汤普森基金会倡议活动中学生可以通过不同的方式学习和享受诗歌。故选D项。【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“JoinDaveJohnsonWorkshoptowritedailynewpoemsinonly10minutes.”（加入戴夫·约翰逊工作坊，只需10分钟即可写出每日新诗。）及TheThompsonFoundationInitiative标题下“Studentsengagewithpoetrythroughreading,writing,andartprojectsthatintegratethevisualandlinguistic.”（学生通过阅读、写作和融合视觉和语言的艺术项目参与诗歌创作。）及IntensiveWorkshopsforTeens标题下“Advanced,individualizedstudyisavailableperiodicallyforstudentswhowanttocontinuewritingpoetry,througheitherourday-longorweek-longintensiveworkshops.”（通过我们为期一天或一周的强化研讨会，希望继续写诗的学生可以定期进行高级个性化学习。）可知，三个研讨会的共同点是它们提供了写诗歌的机会。故选C项。BLiuJichen,founderandCEOof ClearPlate®,designedamini-programthatrecognizesemptyplatesandrewardsuserswithpoints.Thesepointscanbeexchangedforgiftslikebooksandcellphones,orbetteryet,theycanbeusedtopurchasecharitymealsdonatedtopoorchildreninruralareasofChina.In2016,Liu,athenstudentofTsinghuaUniversity,noticedapopularcampaigncalled“LeftoverParty”,wherepeoplebroughttheirleftoverstoeattogether,intendingtoraiseawarenessoffoodwaste.Liuandhisclassmatesorganizedonesuchevent,whichwasattendedbyhundredsofpeople.Thesuccessencouragedhimtospreadtheconceptofreducingfoodwastetoawideraudience.Theideaofamini-programstruckhimatadinnerin2017whenLiudinedatarestaurant,whichrewardeddinerswhofinishedofftheirfood.Liufoundthattherestaurantwouldgivethesedinersacardeverytimeandofferthemsmallgiftswhentheycollectedacertainnumberofcards.“Everyonewhovaluesfoodcanenjoyasenseofgainatalowercost,”Liusaid,notingthatsuchanideacouldberealizedonline.Heformedateamtoworkontheproject.YetitwasquiteachallengefortheAIsystemtoidentifytheuploadedphotos.Liuandhisteam,assistedbymorethan1,000others,spenthalfayearcollectingover100,000samplesacrossthecountrytotrainthedigitalbrain.“Thereweresomanyuncertaintiesinresearchanddevelopment.Forourteammembers,thebiggestchallengewaswhetherwewereconfidentenoughtocompleteit,”Liusaid.Theynotonlyachievedtheirgoal,butnow,themini-programhasmorethanfivemillionregisteredusers.“WehopetoinspireeveryonetotakeactionagainstfoodwasteandtocontributeChinesewisdomandsolutionstoglobalfoodsecuritychallenges,”headded.24.WhatinspiredLiuJichentocreatethemini-program?A.Arestaurant’spractice.B.Hisinterestinhightech.C.Acampaignconcept.D.Hisclassmates’advice.25.Whatisthemainaimofthemini-program? A.Toincreaseawarenessofcharity.B.Toencouragepeopletosavefood.C.Tocollectphotosofemptyplates.D.Topromotebooksandothergifts.26.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeLiuJichen?A.Generousandoptimistic.B.Lovingandeasy-going.C.Determinedandresponsible.D.Gratefulandconsiderate.【答案】24.A25.B26.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了ClearPlate®的创始人兼首席执行官刘继臣创办小程序激励大家采取行动反对粮食浪费的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Theideaofamini-programstruckhimatadinnerin2017whenLiudinedatarestaurant,whichrewardeddinerswhofinishedofftheirfood.”（在2017年的一次晚宴上，他想到了小程序的想法，当时刘继臣在一家餐厅吃饭，这家餐厅奖励吃完食物的人。）可知，刘继臣创作这个小程序的灵感来自一家餐馆的做法。故选A。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“WehopetoinspireeveryonetotakeactionagainstfoodwasteandtocontributeChinesewisdomandsolutionstoglobalfoodsecuritychallenges”（我们希望激励大家采取行动，反对粮食浪费，为全球粮食安全挑战贡献中国智慧和解决方案）可知，这个小程序的主要目的是鼓励人们节省粮食。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Forourteammembers,thebiggestchallengewaswhetherwewereconfidentenoughtocompleteit”（对于我们的团队成员来说，最大的挑战是我们是否有足够的信心去完成它）和第三句“Theynotonlyachievedtheirgoal,butnow,themini-programhasmorethanfivemillionregisteredusers.”（他们不仅实现了他们的目标，而且现在，这个小程序已经拥有超过500万的注册用户。）可知，刘继臣和他的团队面对巨大的挑战满怀信心并达成目标，所以刘继臣是一个很有决心的人。根据最后一段最后一句“WehopetoinspireeveryonetotakeactionagainstfoodwasteandtocontributeChinesewisdomandsolutionstoglobalfoodsecuritychallenges”（我们希望激励大家采取行动，反对粮食浪费，为全球粮食安全挑战贡献中国智慧和解决方案）可知，刘继臣创办小程序来鼓励大家采取行动，反对粮食浪费，是一个很有责任心的人。故选C。 CMyuniversityhasnowtoppedtheU.S.News&WorldReportrankingsfor11yearsrunning.GivenPrinceton’ssuccess,youmightthinkIwouldbeafanofthelist.Notso.Don’tgetmewrong.IamproudofPrinceton’steaching,researchandcommitmenttoservice.Ilikeseeingourqualityrecognized.Rankings,however,areamisleadingwaytoassessuniversities.Differentschoolshavedistinctstrengths,structuresandmissions.Theideaofpickingoneas“best”,asthougheducationalprogramscompetedlikeathleticteams,isstrange.However,theU.S.Newsrankingsattractgreatattentionandahugecustomerbase.Applicantsandtheirfamiliesrelyontherankingsandfeelpressuretogetintohighlyregardedinstitutions.Asaresult,manyschoolsmakeintenseeffortstomoveupintherankings.Thiscompetitionproducesdamagingconsequences.Forexample,someuniversitiesavoiddoingdifficultbutvaluablethings—suchasadmittingtalentedlower-incomestudentswhocansucceedatuniversityifgivenappropriatesupport.Still,studentsandfamiliesneedcomparativeinformationtochooseuniversities.Ifrankingsmislead,whatisthealternative?Forgenerations,buyershaveturnedtoConsumerReportsforadviceaboutalmosteverythingexceptuniversityeducation.WhenConsumerReportsevaluatesaproduct,itassessesmultiplefactorssothatpotentialbuyerscanmaketheirownchoicewisely.Similarly,universityapplicantsneedinformationaboutsomebasicvariables.Graduationratesarecrucial.Auniversitythatdoesnotgraduateitsstudentsislikeacarwithabadmaintenance(维修)record.Itcostsmoneywithoutgettingyouanywhere.Whatapplicantsneedisnottheaveragegraduationrate,buttherateforstudentswithbackgroundsliketheirown.Forexample,someplacessuccessfullygraduatetheirwealthystudentsbutdolesswellforlower-incomestudents.Applicantsshouldalsoseesomemeasureofpost-graduationoutcomes.Hereisapartiallistofotherfactorsthatmatter:costoftuition(学费)andfees;high-qualityteachersactivelyengagedinundergraduateinstruction;andalearningculturecomposedofdiversestudentswhostudyhardandeducateoneanother.Judgedbythesecriteria,manyschoolscouldbe“ConsumerReportsBestBuys”.Applicantsshouldbeexcitedtogetintoanyofthem;theyshouldpicktheonetheyfindmostappealing;andtheyshouldnotwastetimeworryingaboutwhichis“thebest”.ItwouldbegreattohaveaConsumerReportsforuniversities.Ihopethatsomenationalpublicationwillhavethecouragetoproduceanannual,user-friendlyConsumerReports-styleanalysisofhighereducationinstitutions,evenifitisnotasattractiveasafootball-stylesetofrankings.Inthemeantime,thoseofuswhounderstandtheimperfectionintherankingsmustcallthemout—evenwhen,indeedespeciallywhen,wefinishatthetop.27.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsuniversityrankings?A.Supportive.B.Indifferent.C.Disapproving.D.Neutral. 28.WhydoestheauthormentionConsumerReports?A.Torevealthemultiplicityofconsumers.B.Topresenttheinformationofpotentialbuyers.C.Tohighlightthedifficultyofchoosinguniversities.D.Toemphasizetheneedofoverallevaluationofuniversities.29.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.ItisnotlikelytohaveaConsumerReportsforuniversities.B.Themostsuitableuniversityforapplicantsmaynotrankthetop.C.Theaveragegraduationrateiscrucialtolower-incomeapplicants.D.Thetopuniversitiescanseetheimperfectionintherankingsbetter.30.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thereisnosuchthingasagoodorbadstudent.B.Educationequalityisanidealhardtoberealized.C.Analternativeapproachisneededtoassessuniversities.D.Discriminationagainstpoorstudentsbringslossoftalents.【答案】27.C28.D29.B30.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了大学排名是是一种误导性的评估方式，所以作者用其他的方法来评估大学。【详解】1.观点态度题。根据第一段中的“Rankings,however,areamisleadingwaytoassessuniversities.”(然而，排名是一种误导性的大学评估方式。)可知，作者认为排名是一种误导性的大学评估方式，由此可以推断出，作者对大学排名的态度是不赞成的，C选项“Disapproving”(反对的；不赞成的)符合，A.Supportive.支持的；B.Indifferent.漠不关心的；D.Neutral.中立的，均不符，故选C。2.推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Ifrankingsmislead,whatisthealternative?Forgenerations,buyershaveturnedtoConsumerReportsforadviceaboutalmosteverythingexceptuniversityeducation.WhenConsumerReportsevaluatesaproduct,itassessesmultiplefactorssothatpotentialbuyerscanmaketheirownchoicewisely.Similarly,universityapplicantsneedinformationaboutsomebasicvariables.”(如果排名误导了别人，那还有什么选择呢？几代人以来，除了大学教育，消费者几乎都是从《消费者报告》中获得各方面的建议。当《消费者报告》评估一个产品时，它评估了多个因素，以便潜在的买家能够明智地做出自己的选择。同样，大学申请者需要一些基本变量的信息。)可知，作者提到《消费者报告》是为了强调大学综合评价的必要性，故选D。 3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“theyshouldpicktheonetheyfindmostappealing;andtheyshouldnotwastetimeworryingaboutwhichis“thebest”.”(他们应该挑选自己认为最有吸引力的学校，而不应该浪费时间担心哪一所学校是“最好的”。)可知，申请者应该申请自己认为最有吸引力的学校而不是那些排名最好的学校，由此可以推断出最适合申请者的学校，不一定是排名最好的学校，故选B。4.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“ItwouldbegreattohaveaConsumerReportsforuniversities.Ihopethatsomenationalpublicationwillhavethecouragetoproduceanannual,user-friendlyConsumerReports-styleanalysisofhighereducationinstitutions,evenifitisnotasattractiveasafootball-stylesetofrankings.”(如果能有一份大学的《消费者报告》就好了。我希望一些全国性的出版物有勇气对高等教育机构进行一年一度、用户友好型的消费者报告分析，即使它不像足球式的排名那么有吸引力也没关系。)可知，文章主要讲述了大学排名是是一种误导性的评估方式，所以要用其他的方法来评估大学，即大学需要另一种评估方式。故选C。DIfthere’sonecliché(陈词滥调)thatreallyannoysDanahBoyd,aspecialistresearcherwhohasmadeacareerfromstudyingthewayteenagersusetheweb,it’sthatofthedigitalnative.“Todaytheworldhascomputer-mediatedcommunications.Thus,inordertolearnabouttheirsocialworldaroundthem,teenagersarelearningaboutthosethingstoo.Andthey’reusingthattoworkoutthestuffthatkidshavealwaysworkedout:peer(同龄人)sociality,status,etc.”shesays.It’snosurpriseBoydtakesexception,really.Asoneofthefirstdigitalanthropologiststodigintothewayteenagersusesocialnetworkingsites,shegainedinsightsintothesocialwebbytakingacloserlookatwhatwasgoingon.Lately,herworkhasbeenaboutexplainingnewwaysofinterpretingthebehaviorweseeonline.SheoutlinedsomeexamplesatarecentconferenceinSanFrancisco,includingthecaseofayoungmanfromoneofthepoorestdistrictsofLosAngeleswhowasapplyingforatopAmericancollege.Theapplicantsaidhewantedtoescapetheinfluenceofviolence,buttheadmissionsofficerwasshockedwhenhediscoveredthattheboy’sMySpacepagewascoveredwithpreciselytheviolentlanguageheclaimedtohate.“Whywashelyingabouthismotivations?”askedtheuniversity.“Hewasn’t,”saidBoyd.“Inhisworld,showingtherightimagesonlinewasakeypartofsurvivingdailylife.”Understandingwhat’shappeningonlineisespeciallyimportant,fortoday’steenagershaveavastlydifferentapproachtoprivacyfromtheirparents.Shesays,“Adultsthinkofthehomeasaveryprivatespace.That’soften notthecaseforteenagersbecausetheyhavelittleornocontroloverwhohasaccesstoit,orunderwhatconditions.Asaresult,theonlineworldcanfeelmoreprivatebecauseitfeelslikethere’smorecontrol.”TheconceptofcontroliscentraltoBoyd’swork,anditappliestopointingoutthetruefactsaboutteenagebehavior.Boydsuggestscontrolremainsinthesameplacesasitalwaysdid.“Technologistsallgofortheideaoftechno-utopia(乌托邦),thewebasgreatdemocratizer(民主化)”,shesays.“Butwe’renotactuallydemocratizingthewholesystem;we’rejustshiftingthewayinwhichwediscriminate.”It’sacalltoarmsthatmostacademicresearcherswouldtendtosidestep,butthenBoydadmitstotreadingafinelinebetweenacademicsandactivists.“ThequestionsIcontinuetowanttoaskarethethingsthatarechallengingtome；havingtositdownandbeforcedtothinkaboutuncomfortablesocialstuff,andit’sreallyhardtogetmyheadaroundit,whichmeansit’sexactlywhatIshoulddiveinanddealwith,”shesays.31.WhatdoesDanahBoydthinkof“computer-mediatedcommunications”?A.Theyteachteenagersaboutsocialinteraction.B.Theyreplaceothersortsofsocialinteractionforteenagers.C.Theyarenecessaryforteenagerstohavesocialinteraction.D.Theyarebarrierstowidersocialinteractionamongteenagers.32.WhydoesDanahBoydcitetheexampleoftheLosAngelescollegeapplicant?A.Toshowhoweasyitistoinvestigatesomebody’sonlineactivity.BToexplainhoweasyitistomisinterpretanindividualonlineactivity.C.Toprovehowimportantitistocheckthecontentofsomeone’sonlineactivity.DToexpresshownecessaryitistojudgesomeone’ssincerityfromhisonlineactivity.33.DanahBoydarguesinParagraph4that________.A.parentstendnottorespectteenagers’needforonlineprivacyB.teenagersarelessconcernedaboutprivacythantheirparentsCteenagersfeelmoreprivateintheonlineworldthaninthehomeD.parentsvaluetheideaofprivacylessinadomesticenvironment34.ItcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatDanahBoyd________.A.iswillingtotakeonresearchchallengesotherswouldavoidB.regardsherselfasbeingmoreofanactivistthanaresearcherC.isawarethatsheislackinginabilitytodealwiththechallenges D.feelslikeabandoningtheresearchintouncomfortablesocialstuff【答案】31.C32.B33.C34.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。数字人类学家DanahBoyd深入研究青少年使用社交网站方式，她指出：青少年在网络上的行为很容易被误解，他们在网络世界里隐私感更强。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中DanahBoyd所说的话“Todaytheworldhascomputer-mediatedcommunications.Thus,inordertolearnabouttheirsocialworldaroundthem,teenagersarelearningaboutthosethingstoo.(今天，世界已经有了以计算机为媒介的通信。因此，为了了解他们周围的社会世界，青少年也在学习这些东西)”可推知，DanahBoyd认为“以计算机为媒介的通信”是青少年进行社会互动所必需的渠道。故选C。【32题详解】推理判断题。文章第三段列举了一位来自洛杉矶最贫困地区的年轻人申请美国顶尖大学的例子，根据段中“Theapplicantsaidhewantedtoescapetheinfluenceofviolence,buttheadmissionsofficerwasshockedwhenhediscoveredthattheboy’sMySpacepagewascoveredwithpreciselytheviolentlanguageheclaimedtohate.“Whywashelyingabouthismotivations?”askedtheuniversity.“Hewasn’t,”saidBoyd.“Inhisworld,showingtherightimagesonlinewasakeypartofsurvivingdailylife.”(申请人说他想逃离暴力的影响，但是当招生官发现男孩的MySpace页面上满是他声称讨厌的那些暴力语言时，他感到非常震惊。“他为什么对自己的动机撒谎?”所申请的大学问。“他没有（撒谎），”Boyd说。“在他的世界里，在网上展示正确的图片是日常生活的一个关键部分”)”可知，那个男孩申请的大学对他在网上的行为有所误解，认为他撒谎。但是Boyd认为那个男孩没有撒谎，并解释他在网上的那些有暴力语言的图片反映了他在日常生活中是怎样生存的。因此可以推断，Boyd举出这个例子是为了说明一个人的网上活动是多么容易被误解。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Adultsthinkofthehomeasaveryprivatespace.That’softennotthecaseforteenagersbecausetheyhavelittleornocontroloverwhohasaccesstoit,orunderwhatconditions.Asaresult,theonlineworldcanfeelmoreprivatebecauseitfeelslikethere’smorecontrol.(成年人认为家是一个非常私人的空间。对于青少年来说，情况往往不是这样，因为他们很少能或根本无法控制谁或者在什么条件下会进入（他们的隐私空间）。因此，网络世界感觉更私密，因为它感觉有更多的控制)”可知，DanahBoyd认为青少年在网络世界里比在家里感觉更有隐私。故选C。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’sacalltoarmsthatmostacademicresearcherswouldtendtosidestep,butthenBoydadmitstotreadingafinelinebetweenacademicsandactivists.‘ThequestionsIcontinuetowanttoaskare thethingsthatarechallengingtome;havingtositdownandbeforcedtothinkaboutuncomfortablesocialstuff,andit’sreallyhardtogetmyheadaroundit,whichmeansit’sexactlywhatIshoulddiveinanddealwith,’shesays.(这是一个大多数学术研究人员往往会回避的战斗号召，但Boyd承认，他在学术和活动家之间走了一条微妙的线。她说：“我一直想问的问题对我来说是具有挑战性的；我不得不坐下来，被迫思考不舒服的社交问题，这真的很难让我的脑袋转过去，这意味着这正是我应该投入和处理的。”)”可推知，DanahBoyd认为大多数学术研究人员都倾向于回避，但是她觉得这些问题对她来说是挑战。这些问题很难理解，而这正是她应该深入研究探讨的。因此可以推断，Boyd愿意接受其他人可能会回避的挑战。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Onceconsideredanoptionallifestylechoice,recyclinghasbecomeacommonplaceactivityinmostareas.Onetypeofrecycling,calleddowncycling,involvesre-purposingamaterialintoanewproductoflesserquality._____35_____Downcyclingisalsoknownasdownstreamrecycling.Itismostcommonintermsofindustrialmaterials.Theseproductslosetheirvalueastheyarerecycled,whichlimitstheircapacityfornewuse._____36_____Whitewritingpaper,forexample,isoftendowncycledintocardboard;oncedowncycledtothisnewform,itcannolongerbeusedaswhitepaperagain.Anotherexampleofdowncyclingincludestheuseofplasticcomponents.Givingproductsanewlifeisconsideredagoodwaytoreusematerialsandavoidwaste.Oncedowncycledtotheirfullcapacity,however,thesematerialsareeventuallysodegradedthattheycannotbereusedfurther.Sincedowncycledproductsareconsideredoflowerqualitythantheiroriginalform,theycannotbeusedinremakingtheiroriginalproduct._____37_____Plastic,glass,andaluminiumproductscodedwiththenumberonemayberemadeintosomethingofequalorgreatervalue.Thistypeofrecyclingisknownasupcycling,andrepresentstheforwardcompatibilityofrecycledcomponents.Materialsavailablefordowncycling,suchaswater,juice,andmilkbottles,arecodedwiththenumbertwo._____38_____Itemsavailablefordowncyclingoftenrequireadditionalchemicals,energy,andothertreatmentsinordertotransformthemintosomethingusable.Durableplasticproductsinparticularrequiremuchadditionaltreatment.Trashbins,tables,andchairsarealsoconsideredmaterialswithahighenergycosttorecycle.Whenaproductreachesacodeseven,itisconsiderednolongerrecyclable._____39_____Sincetheseproductscannolongerbemadeintonewones,theywilleitherhavetobereusedordiscarded,typicallyinalandfill. A.Itcanincludevaryinggradesofplastic,paperproducts,andothermaterials.B.Theirrecycledformistypicallybothweakerandcheaperthantheiroriginalone.C.Theymaynotbeusedtocontainfood-gradeitemsagainuponbeingdowncycled.D.Productsareprovidedwithcodestodeterminetheirgradesandwhetherornottheymayberecycled.E.Thisusuallyoccurswhenasubstanceisblendedwithothersubstances,suchasdifferenttypesofplasticwithvariousrecyclingcodes.【答案】35.A36.B37.D38.C39.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种回收形式——降级回收，这种回收方式是将材料重新加工成质量更低的新产品。【35题详解】根据空前内容“Onetypeofrecycling,calleddowncycling,involvesre-purposingamaterialintoanewproductoflesserquality.(其中一种回收被称为“降级回收”，涉及将一种材料重新利用成质量较低的新产品。)”可知，空前提到了降级回收。选项A“Itcanincludevaryinggradesofplastic,paperproducts,andothermaterials.(它可以包括不同等级的塑料、纸制品和其他材料。)”是上文内容的自然延续，继续介绍了降级回收的相关信息。故选A。【36题详解】根据空后所举例子“Whitewritingpaper,forexample,isoftendowncycledintocardboard;oncedowncycledtothisnewform,itcannolongerbeusedaswhitepaperagain.(例如，白色的信纸经常被降级为硬纸板；一旦降级为这种新形式，它就不能再作为白纸使用了。)”可知，下文所举例子指的是白色信纸被降级为硬纸板，所以不能在作为白纸使用。选项B“Theirrecycledformistypicallybothweakerandcheaperthantheiroriginalone.(它们的回收形式通常比原来的更弱，也更便宜。)”与下文所举例子内容上保持一致，指的是降级回收是将材料加工成质量更低的新产品。故选B。【37题详解】空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Plastic,glass,andaluminiumproductscodedwiththenumberonemayberemadeintosomethingofequalorgreatervalue.Thistypeofrecyclingisknownasupcycling,andrepresentstheforwardcompatibilityofrecycledcomponents.Materialsavailablefordowncycling,suchaswater,juice,andmilkbottles,arecodedwiththenumbertwo.(标有数字1的塑料、玻璃和铝制品可以重新制造成同等或更高价值的产品。这种类型的回收被称为升级回收，代表了回收部件的前向兼容性。可用于降级回收的材料，如水、果汁和牛奶瓶，都标有数字2。)”可知，下文讲述的是产品上的代码或数字，代表的是其等级以及是否可以回收。选项D“Productsareprovidedwithcodestodeterminetheirgradesandwhetherornot theymayberecycled.(产品附有代码，以确定其等级和是否可以回收。)”与本段主要内容一致，指的是产品代码确定了其等级和是否可以回收。故选D。【38题详解】根据空前内容“Materialsavailablefordowncycling,suchaswater,juice,andmilkbottles,arecodedwiththenumbertwo.(可用于降级回收的材料，如水、果汁和牛奶瓶，都标有数字2。)”可知，标有数字2的材料可用于降级回收。选项C“Theymaynotbeusedtocontainfood-gradeitemsagainuponbeingdowncycled.(在降级循环后，它们不得再次用于盛装食品级物品。)”与上文内容一致，指的是标有数字2的材料用于降级回收后，不能再次用于盛装食品级物品。故选C。【39题详解】根据空前内容“Whenaproductreachesacodeseven,itisconsiderednolongerrecyclable.(当产品达到代码7时，它被认为不再可回收。)”可知，上文指的是产品代码为7时就不能再回收了。选项E“Thisusuallyoccurswhenasubstanceisblendedwithothersubstances,suchasdifferenttypesofplasticwithvariousrecyclingcodes.(这通常发生在一种物质与其他物质混合时，例如具有不同的回收代码的不同类型的塑料。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是具有不同的回收代码的不同类型的塑料混合后就被认为不再可回收。故选E。第三部分书面表达（共两节，共32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）In1983,HowardGardner,aprofessoratHarvard,publishedFramesofMind:TheTheoryofMultipleIntelligences.Inthebook,hepresentedonetypeofintelligencethateveryonemustdevelopiftheywanttobesuccessful.Thatisemotionalintelligence.Emotionalintelligencereferstotheabilitytoidentifyandregulateyourownemotions.Itmeanshavingadeepunderstandingofyourself,knowingyourownstrengthsandweaknesses,andhandlingreactionsandemotionswisely.Emotionalintelligenceiscriticalforsuccessinalmostanyfieldanditisespeciallyimportantforhigh-stressenvironments,forexample,whentimesaretoughandwhenapersonwantstoquitorisfearful.Weallknowhighlyemotionalpeople.Ratherthanreactwisely,theytendtolettheiremotionsruntheirlives,oftensayingordoingsomethingtheymaylaterregret.I’veseenmanypeopledothisonsocialmedia,gettinginargumentswithlovedonesovertrivialstuffbecausetheyhavedifferentopinions.Thisinabilitytomastertheselfleadstomanystrugglesandheartachesforpeople.Emotionalintelligence doesnotmeanbeingvoid(没有)ofemotions.Itmeansyouknowitisokaytobeangry,justnotout-of-controlangry.Youknowit’sokaytofeelhurt,butitisnotokaytodosomethingstupidinthenameofrevenge(报复).Manyofusknowpeoplewhoareveryintelligent,butallowtheiremotionstodamagetheirlives. Now,reflectonhowyoumanageyouremotions.Areyousmartinthewayyouexpresswhatyou’refeeling,especiallywhenthepressureison?40.Accordingtothepassage,whatis“emotionalintelligence”?41.Howdohighlyemotionalpeopledealwiththeiremotions?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.It’simportanttokeepyouremotionsundercontrol,sowhenyougethurt,youshouldneithergetangrynordostupidthingsforrevenge.43.Inyourdailylife,whatcanyoudotobettermanageyouremotions?【答案】40.Emotionalintelligencereferstotheabilitytoidentifyandregulateyourownemotions.41.Ratherthanreactwisely,highlyemotionalpeopletendtolettheiremotionsruntheirlives,oftensayingordoingsomethingtheymaylaterregret.42.It’simportanttokeepyouremotionsundercontrol,sowhenyougethurt,youshouldneithergetangrynordostupidthingsforrevenge.Accordingtothepassage,it’sokayforyoutofeelangry,justnotout-of-controlangry.43.Imanagemyemotionsintwoways.Firstly,Ilikewritingdownmybadfeelings,whichenablesmetoletgoofthemsothatIcanfocusmoreonwhatmakesmecheerful.Secondly,whenconflictoccurs,ithelpstotalkopenlyaboutmyfeelingsandthoughts.Iimprovemyemotionalcontrolfromtwoaspects.Wheninconflictwithothers,Iaddressitwithashoe-shiftingview,whichhelpsmebetterunderstandthemandavoidhighlyemotionalresponse.Asformynegativefeelings,Iprefertoletthemoutinahealthyway,suchasrunningorsinging,whichbenefitsmeemotionally.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是什么是情商，高情商和低情商的人分别有什么表现。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Emotionalintelligencereferstotheabilitytoidentifyandregulateyourownemotions.（情商指的是识别和调节自己情绪的能力。）”可知，情商指的是识别和调节自己情绪的能力，故答案为Emotionalintelligencereferstotheabilitytoidentifyandregulateyourownemotions。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Weallknowhighlyemotionalpeople.Ratherthanreactwisely,theytendtolettheiremotionsruntheirlives,oftensayingordoingsomethingtheymaylaterregret.（我们都认识高度情绪化的人。他们没有做出明智的反应，而是倾向于让自己的情绪控制自己的生活，经常说或做一些事后可能会后悔的事情。）”可知，高度情绪化的人倾向于让他们的情绪控制他们的生活，经常说或做一些事后可能会 后悔的事情，故答案为Ratherthanreactwisely,highlyemotionalpeopletendtolettheiremotionsruntheirlives,oftensayingordoingsomethingtheymaylaterregret。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Itmeansyouknowitisokaytobeangry,justnotout-of-controlangry.Youknowit’sokaytofeelhurt,butitisnotokaytodosomethingstupidinthenameofrevenge(报复).（这意味着你知道生气是可以的，只是不要失控。你知道受伤是可以的，但以复仇的名义做傻事就不对了。）”可知，题干中说“shouldneithergetangry（都不应该生气）”是不对的，故答案为It’simportanttokeepyouremotionsundercontrol,sowhenyougethurt,youshouldneithergetangrynordostupidthingsforrevenge.Accordingtothepassage,it’sokayforyoutofeelangry,justnotout-of-controlangry.。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据客观事实，首先，我喜欢写下我的不好的感觉，这能让我放开它们，这样我就能更多地关注让我快乐的事情。其次，当冲突发生时，公开谈论我的感受和想法会有帮助。故答案为Imanagemyemotionsintwoways.Firstly,Ilikewritingdownmybadfeelings,whichenablesmetoletgoofthemsothatIcanfocusmoreonwhatmakesmecheerful.Secondly,whenconflictoccurs,ithelpstotalkopenlyaboutmyfeelingsandthoughts.。第二节书面表达（20分）44.假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你在学校英语演讲比赛中荣获一等奖，请用英文写一封邮件感谢外教Jim对你的帮助，内容包括：1.表示感谢；2.回顾Jim对你的帮助；3.你的祝愿。注意：1.词数100左右。2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim，_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua 【答案】DearJim,Howiseverythinggoing?IamwritingtoexpressmyheartfeltthankstoyoubecauseI’vewonthefirstprizeintheEnglishSpeechContestofourschool.Yourkindhelphasmeantmorethananything.Iremembervividlyhowyouguidedandencouragedme.Duringthepreparationofthecontest,youhelpedpolishmydraftmanytimesandbettermypronunciationwithgreatpatience.Thepublicspeakingskillsyousharedturnedoutreallyeffective.Moreimportantly,wheneverIfelthesitantandunsureaboutmyself,youwerealwaystheretobackmeupandboostmyconfidence.Withoutyou,Icouldn’thavemadesuchanachievement.Thankyouforeverythingyouhavedoneformeandwishyouallthebest.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的感谢信。要求考生给外教写封信感谢其在英语学习中给自己的帮助。【详解】1.词汇积累衷心的：heartfelt→sincere/genuine耐心地：withpatience→patiently重要地：importantly→significantly支持：backup→support2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Withoutyou,Icouldn’thavemadesuchanachievement.拓展句：Ifithadnotbeenforyou,Icouldn’thavemadesuchanachievement.【点睛】【高分句型1】IamwritingtoexpressmyheartfeltthankstoyoubecauseI’vewonthefirstprizeintheEnglishSpeechContestofourschool.（运用了because引导的状语从句）